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About The Omaha guide. (Omaha, Neb.) 1927-19?? | View Entire Issue (Jan. 18, 1957)
National Advertising Representative W, N ewspaper Representatives, inc New York • Chicago • Detroit • Philadelphia A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER Published Every Thursday. Dated Friday ■ranch office for local news only, 2420 Grant St, Omaha 11, Nebr tacond-clasa mail privileges authorized at Omaha, Nebraska. G. C. GALLOWAY_Publisher and Managing Editm (MEMBER) CALVIN NEWS SERVICE GLOBAL NEWS SERVICE , ATLAS NEWS SERVICE ' STANDARD NEWS SERVICE Thi» paper reeerwea the right to publiah all matter credited to these sews servvee. ~ SUBSCRIPTION RATES itoe Meath_____* Three Months ________— --—-L06 HI* Mentha ___2of' One Year___4,#l OUT OF TOWN SUBSCRIPTION RATES Oaa Month_* ■5n Three Months_ «s Month#__ One Year __ ADVERTISING RATES MADE KNOWN ON REQUEST A Pictorial History of the Negroes In America by Langston Hughes and Milton Meltzer 1000 Illustrations from Prints, Engravings, Photographs, Paintings, etc. Reviewed by: James Egert Allen The Association For The Study of Negro Life and History Community Co-ordinator, Board of Education, City of New York Persons interested in the history of the Negro, especially in our culture, can turn the pages of a remarkable new volume, pro fusely illustrated with pictures, facsimiles of important documents. I vivid cartoons and literary reproductions all pertaining to the his toric struggle of the black man in his meteoric rise toward full [ and first class citizenship in this nation. The authors follow an orderly sequence and include a plethora of background material which enables the reader to understand the varied problems identified with the Negro in history. Adequate ittention is given to the period of slavery without paying tribute to the iniquitous system. The part played by free men of color is not regarded as is often true in many histories of the past. Each ^ division of the volume is indicative of the rich store of factual in- , formation and real achievements so seldom found in the current hitorical volumes issued in. the past half century. Here are the hidden agendas of scores of meetings initiated by Negroes which led to the formation of separate organizations so as to provide op portunities for their leadership and accomplishments to come to light under the glow of creative genius. The Negro church, business, school and social organizations evolved out of this period of national expansion. The contents of this volume should lift the morale of our na- , tion, breaking down artificial barriers in our culture and society and paving a way for better communications among people of varied ethnic groups. To place this volume in every library, every school, and, in fact, in every home in America would add greatly to the moral courage and physical stamina of the entire country. With consummate skill and graphic artistry, Messrs. Hughes and , Meltzer have made a wonderful contribution to Americana. Teens Join Up to Fight Polio With $$$ And Vaccinations Hey, teens! Here’s a question to test your P.Q. (Popularity Quo tient.) How can you have fun. meet new friends, and do a worth while community service all at the same time? Stumped? Well, Teens Against Polio (TAP) has the answer for you. Join TAP and voull not only have a good time with other young people, you’ll have the satisfaction of knowing you’ll be helping to finish the polio job. TAP is active all over the country under the leadership of this year’s national co-chairman TV star Ed die Fisher, and Mary McLane, 19, a sophomore at Seattle University. One of the year’s most exciting projects for TAPPERS has been serving as volunteers for the mass polio vaccination of teen agers. The first of these important events took place .in Phoenix, Arizona, where several thousand young people stepped forward and "presented arras" in December in an attempt to cut down next sum mer’s polio incidence. Phoenix parents, school and health authorities became concerned when over 40 per cent of 1956 polio incidence in Arizona occurred in teens and young adults. They asked the poung people to pitch in and help with a mass inoculation project. As a result, Arizona civic and medical authorities credit TAP with doing an adult-size job in the fight against polio. TAP distributed vaccine information urging everyone over 14 to “walk with Salk;" spoke at club meetings, urging young people to get their shots, and generally helped make vaccination fashionable as well as healthful. TAP volunteers are needed to distribute March of Dimes posters, work at campaign headquarters on the exciUng events of he March of Dimes campaign that extends through the month of January, and baby sit for families who will be busy helping conduct the Mothers’ March as the final event. For several months after mass manufacture of the Salk vaccine started, there was only enough for children of grade school age. Now that vaccine is plentiful, the teenagers have a job of catching up to do Their job is to help raise money for those who have had mlio and to do their "homework" by getting vaccinated themselves. All you teen Jenas and Johns can help out by joining Teens Against Polio. What The President Could Do About School Segregation CHARLES ABRAMS Although neither of our two major parties has committed itself to implementing the Supreme Court’! school-desegregation decision, both hare agreed on what not to do In their platform the Demo crats “reject all proposal! for the use of force to Interfere with the orderly determination of these matters by the courts," while the Republicans my, "Use of force or violence by any group or agency will tend only to worsen the many problems inherent in the situa tion" The Democrat! would leave enforcement to the courts alone, and the Republican* have come up with nothing more specific than "intelligent study, understanding, education and good will." Meanwhile, id* states have declared the Federal decision null end void, while a grossing number of local communities are saying, "Come and make us (to it." and in seme intUnces mob# have been taking the law into their own hands. The Notion that the Federal court* can bring about campllance through their own resources to partly responsible for the present dilemma. A court’s entire personnel consists of a stenographer and some attendants. It has no facilities for educating the public, no ^ public-relations funds to defend or popularize its positions, no na tion-wide staff to counteract the obstruction of local officials. A Federal court’s only tangible power to enforce its orders against dis obedience is contempt proceedings; and in the rare cases when such contempt orders are issued, obedience ajmost invariably follows as a matter of course. When it does not, an United States marshall can imprison the violator until he purges himself of the contempt or pays the penalty prescribed. If the marshall is helpless, he may deputize additional marshals or, if even more support is needed, he may call upon the military. But the use of troops has been more rare than willful disobedience. And it is hard to see how bayonets could compel Southern parents to send their children into mixed classrooms. Brownell's Lost Words Before the desegregation order, the Supreme Court was seriously concerned about its enforceability and heard extended argument on the question. At that time Attorney General Herbert Brownell, urging the Court to undertake - enforcement through the district courts, promised supplemental aid: “The responsibility for achieving compliance with the Court’s decision,” he said in the closing para graph of his brief, “does not rest on the judiciary alone. Every officer and agency of government, Federal, state and local, is like wise charged with the duty of enforcing the Constitution and the rights guaranteed under it." But that “duty” has never been assumed by the Federal govern ment or its agencies. The consequence has been an ever-increasing amount of open defiance. Since enforcement through contempt pro ceedings necessitates force and since force has been denounced by both parties, what remedy remaifls for effecting cobmpliance? The Plain Fact of the matter is that some kind of force is essen tial when law is challenged. Indeed, no sooner had the party platforms condemning force been issued than the governors of Ken tucky and Tennessee had to use force to curb mobs that had been attempting to keep Negro children from asserting their rights under the decree. The trouble with the word “force” is that unless it is qualified it has a bewildering diversity of meanings. In its most general sense, it includes not only the use of physical means but also of power, compulsion, and constraints of other kinds. Some sanctions must be emploved when the force of law as imposed by a free society surrenders to tne law of force as imposed by mobs. Such force not only embraces conpulsion by police and military action but may also include extralegal devices such as political, economic, or moral influences. The primary responsibility for enforcing Federal law rests upon the Executive. The negation of force in carrying out a decree can only imply a repudiation of the judicial power, with dire consequen ces for the national integrity. The Executive's Failure There is. therefore, as much need for clear debate on the issue of how the Negro and white races are to live together in this coun try as there was at the time of Lincoln and Douglas. But unlike the period of Lincoln and Douglas, force need not mean only the invasion of states by Federal troops. For the government of Lin coln enjoyed a very limited sovereignty in an individualistic society whose authoritv was circumscribed by the express powers of the Constitution. The war power was confined to periods of hostility; the welfare power reposed mainly in the states; the commerce and other powers were confined principally to encouragement or mild regulation; the Federal police power was nonexistent. A test of federal sovereignty had to be made in 1861 through the war power because there were no alternative powers with which to achieve respect for the Federal authority. The Federal governmnt of today, however, is a dynamic sover eignty whose influence reaches into very aspect of the economy. Its welfare power is now substantive, its other powers extensive. It is the greatest single source for spending and lending money for new ventures; it finances housing and city development, controls credit, insures investments, grants huge subsidies to private and public agencies; it builds dams, atom plants, roads, and public works. It permeates almost c^ery phase of enterprise and touches every local official and citizen. Accordingly, a whole arsenal of devices exists upon which the President may now draw to assert his vast prestige, influence, and power. The pre-eminence of Federal power, along with a general respect for law has made continued resistance to Federal authority Wh<,n the deMgregafion decision was handed down in 1954, it was met with sullen acquiescence, but not with general de fiance It was only when the moral force of the Court’s decree was allowed to collapse through the wavering of the President and through his failure to back the decisions with his prestige that Southern dissidents were emboldened to flout the Federal authority The law-respecting and more liberal citizens pf the South soon found themselves engulfed in a surge of intransigent emotion that com pelled them to join the insurgents if they were not to lose their own positions in the community and. in some cases, their' political futures. Now that moral force has waned, the question is how respect for Federal law can be re-established. One way is to do nothing, or as President Eisenhower has put it. to wait until the “hearts of men’’ are changed. But enough has ♦ m'T!? , ‘° demonstrate that Southern resistance has es tablished a firm foothold and even built up a “moral” case for immoral disobedience. The irresponsibles who fatten on dissent indifferent o/'he.T their P^wns-approving, bewildered, indifferent or helpless. Simultaneously Southern liberalism—aris tocratic in its origins and lacking mass support but which once gave hope of leading the South toward real democracy-has been sub ordmated and submerged. Ih?re ,are a number of things that can still be done to restore the Federal authority. A Presidential commission of eminent citizens t he Tsimes"and°cdac°*th* Nor,h.COuld ‘Pentad to invert!^ the issues and place them in a rational light. It could hold open hearings, bringing out the views of educators, churchmen and oth-r prominent citizens. By patiently presenting constructive views on the problem, such a commission could begin building a case for re lurtl “ by f>, General 7. cases involving defiance of the Court’s order would fortify the Federal position. From Around Nebraska Sugar beet growers in Hamilton County, near Aurora, will receive approximately $100,000 for their crop this year, says the Aurora Register. A new bonus has just been issued, based on the sugar content of the beets. ... Bassett is considering the formation of a "hospital district” in an effort to legalize the voting of bonds for a new hospital. The town is not large enough to vote the bonds and the population of the county is not sufficient either. As a result, the proposed new district will include all of Rock County and a part of other surrounding counties. • • • Work has started on a large-scale telephone improvement project in Saunders county at Wahoo. The work will include a new building, a conversion to dial and the installation of equip ment which will make possible the dialing of Omaha, Lincoln, and Fremont numbers direct by the subscriber. • • • The Wahoo Newspaper, printed at Wahoo, carried the state ments of seven banks last week, thereby representing the status of the banking facilities of the entire county at one time. Deposits range from slightly under a million dollars, to approximately three million. I ... Lyons merchants started a contest “Why I like to trade in Lyons" last Saturday with cash prizes going to several winners each week. .Stores are providing entry blanks for the contest. * • * Members of the Odd Fellows lodge of South Sioux City are providing funds for an all-expense trip to New York next summer for some young person to visit a session of the United Nations Assembly. The trip will take six days and the youngster selected will actually sit in on one of the United Nations meetings, accord ing to the Dakota County Star. • • • Masons at Central City are planning a new Masonic Temple, reports the Republican-Non Pared. The building will be 44x110 feet and will be built of brick. A sketch, made by the architect, was shown in the Central City newspaper last week, • * • A reduction in electric rates has been made at Fairbury. Last summer there was a sharp increase made in rates and the customers, in protesting the raise, reduced the amount of current used so effectively that the plant took in less money than before. The new rate adjustment strikes a happy medium between the old rate and the new, stated the Fairbury Journal last week. • • • 1500 persons turned out last Sunday to visit the new school building at Crete. The $460,000 structure was termed “one of the finest” by State Superintendent Freeman Decker who attended the dedicatory services Sunday. • • • Stores at Ogallala have announced plans to close at 8 P.M. Seems to me that dieting is a thing of mind over platter! Slide Sheet Metal With Tipped Mallet LOBBYISTS who work with sheet metal will be interested in a safety tip given by Popular Mechanic«. Craftsmen are aware that large metal sheets are diffi cult to pick up and move around on a workbench or squaring shears. They often inflict cuts and bruises. * - * At a time tarer and injury preventative, the magazine sug gests that a mallet handle be fitted with a rubber crutch or I cane tip and used to slide the I sheet to the desired position. Little effort is required to move the sheet, at sufficient friction ia created by the soft rubber. Another idea from thit source: For a too-wide door, it’s better to plane the hinge tide, as it is much simpler to relocate the hinge screw holes than it is to reset the latch. —- I j SOIMCHI SO PURI! 's^OOOl on Saturdays throughout the winter. Thirty retail establishment* are joining the move. It sounded like the days of old last week when the Ainsworth Star-Journal reported a “shootin’” right on main street. It seems that a lineman for a local power company was whiling away some time in an Ainsworth cafe and was demonstra ting his skill with a revolver to some of his friends. The scene shifted out front of the cafe where the lineman began throwing objects into the air and taking pot shots at them with his revol ver. " *"»'** M•♦»♦♦♦♦»»♦♦♦« *i MERCHANTS INVESTMENT CO. Aatomnbile, f»riitor« and 8i|utsr* Lnm Aston obi )• Flaaaciag 819 First Nation*! Bank Bldg. AT 60bt* .»........»♦«..... , Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllll Astrology & Psychology How to Get What You Want SECRETS OF THE MASTERS Not Fortune Telling Ph. 3-1956 or 3-6839 Co. Bluffs iniiiiiMiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiw Spotless Cleaners 1704 North 24th Stroot FEATURING ONE DAY SERVICE Quality Workmanship-Wa Load, Othars Follow CLEANING — DYEING — ALTERATIONS — PRESSING Claytaa Braxiar Phono AT 1524 .— Finished Work Expertly , Done Speedy Wash Launderette • '/, LBS. DAMP DRY CLOTHES ... .45 ONE MACHINE LOAD CLOTHES__ .35 10 LBS. DRYED__25 BLEACH_ .fly Open 7 A.M. to 7 P.M. Monday to Saturday. Clothe* Neatly Folded ECONOMY DRY CLEANING 3703 No. 24th St. PL 9906 Orchard & Wilhelm Company OUR S’v JANUARY CLEARANCE OF FLOOR COVERING LINENS DRAPERIES Is Now In Progress On AFL-CIO Committee AFL-CIO President George Meany announced today the ap pointment of Joseph D. Keenan to serve on the AFL-CIO Civil Rights Committee. Mr. Keenan is the Secretary of the Interna tional Brotherhood of Electrical Workers and a Vice President of the Chicago Federation of Labor, the AFL-CIO. Keenan, former Secretary of served during World War II as Vice Chairman of the War Pro duction Board and later as tabor with the U. S. occupation for ces in Germany. He was to be Advisor to General Lucius Clay; first Director of tabor’s League for Political Education (AFL) and subsequently became Secretary Treasurer of the Building and Construction Trades Department before taking his present poll tlon with the IBEW The Civil Rights Committee of the AFtaCIO is under the Chair manship of James B Carey, Ha membership also Indudes: L. S. Buckmaster, William C. Doherty, George M. Harrison. Albert J. Hayes Ralph Helstein. Bessie Hillman Emil Ma*ev. David J. McDonald. William L. MePetiidge Willard S, Town •end Richard F. Walsh Milton P Webster. Charles Zimmerman. AFL-CIO President George Me any. («t officio) ITH* NtAKASXAIOWA IUCTAICAL COUNCIL ■ prmmmH CEORCE “MO LOOKIN'—DINNER'S COOKIN' “ Tttaee uctopua notMi bad don* it a«Ai! (jtMJ€§0 puUed out the ,,. and then in ten! One night before dinner, George ant turnedf down To view a peat comic... a (ter of renown. H it hi* in a rat* • • • aha'a <hoHlin(, ‘ Now l*»M Wa naari mot* iwana •uwg... t* via* AND to oakT CALL YOUB ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR TOR A FREE ESTIMATE ON FULL HOUSEPOWCR But just at the opening lines of the play. The picture blacked out... and the sound faded 'way! MODERNIZE YOUR HOME WIRING , JR ,P ■ i r For FULL ^ Why be like George and pul up with the incon venienre ol double sockets in the double sockets, blowing (uses, dimrn.ng lights, slow heating ap pliances and shrinking TV pictures? Now you can have the convenience and safety ol FULL HOUSEPOWRR , . . with no fuss or muss . , , and take up to 5 years to tray lor it. You’ll be surprised how little it costs to have the safety, convenience and economy of FULL HOUSE POWER Find «it whrlkr your home’s wiring needs modernising, NEBRASKA-IOWA ELECTRICAL COUNCIL lies W. O. w. IwWirg, 0<MU. N.c.u.