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Hudgins Assails President,
Stevenson On Rights Issue
New York — William R. Hudgins, banking official and business
leader here, criticised last Friday (March 23) the role being played by >
the two national leaders of both major political parties on civil rights.
Mr. Hudgins is president of the Carver Federal Savings and Loan ^
Association, and a former president of the American Savings and Loan
League. He spoke at the third annual dinner of the Harlem Mortgage
and Improvement Council.
The speaker assailed President Eisenhower who he said is pursuing
a “role of inaction by taking refuge in the technical and legalistic
argument that ‘the matter is before the Courts’.”
Meanwhile, he continued, “lives are being taken, others are being
threatened, and a campaign of intimidation and coercion against Ne
groes in the South is being systematically and openly conducted with
the active support of public officials sworn to uphold the Constitution,
law and order."
Turning to Adlai Stevenson, the New York business man expressed j
outrage that the Democratic party s leading presidential contender
should call for what Mr. Hudgins described as “bi-partisan silence" on
the civil rights question during the coming campaign.
He acknowledge that Mr. Stevenson has modified his original posi
tion, but added: “Can we believe that this was done for any reason
other than political expediency? I think not.”
Mr. Hudgins also expressed doubt that the U. S. Supreme Court de
rision on public school integration is the sole cause of increased tension
in the South. Rather, he declared, it is a combination of things.
Among those which he cited are “the rising influence of the Ne
gro as a voter in the South; a fresh awakening of Negroes to age-old
injustices and their unwillingness to accomodate themselves any longer
to them; and a southern white guilt complex provoked by the knowl
edge that he alone is responsible for having the whole world looking
with mockery upon American professions of democracy.”
Moderation Begets Moderation
We welcome the rising chorus of appeals for moderation in deal
ing with the current crisis over desegregation. The eloquent pleas by
Preisdent Eisenhower, Senator Clifford Case, and Representative Ken
neth Keating are the latest. They call for a response of reason and
common sense from both sides. And every such response should
evoke reciprocal responses. For as extremism is answered by extrem
ism, so moderation begets moderation.
Such appeals are the first and necessary step. But action must
begin to follow words. Much can be done by better information.
For instance, few people in the North have any accurate concep
tion of what the situation is in the South. Some know that the Negro
h- made great strides; few know what sacrifices southern people
have made for these gains or how much remains to be done in many
areas. Few have had the experience of living where a large part of
the population—sometimes a majority—have very different customs
and standards plus marked racial characteristics. \
Few realize that Northerners going to live in the South usually <
adopt southern racial attitudes—with emphasis. Or that even at home
many Northerners practice their own forms of discrimination and
segregation—in housing, in employment, and in education. Few
Northerners understand at all the extent of good race relations in the
South. 1
Many Southerners appear equally unaware of certain factors in the
sitution including their own forms of inconsistency. Few recognize ]
that they have some very close associations with Negroes in their homes (
and at their work, but draw the racial line in other places. Many ]
appear not to know the extent to which desegregation has been achie
ved without overturning their civilization—in public libraries, on the
Atlanta municipal golf course, in all but five state universities, in (
many labor unions. t
Extremists on both sides would have less influence if more South
erners knew how few Northerners want to send troops to enforce ,
social equality between the races below the Mason-Dixon line. There j
is also widespread misunderstanding of the Supreme Court decision.
Too many Americans do not know that it left a good deal of room for
adjustment to local conditions. Too many are unaware that it permits
separation in schools where separation takes place naturally. Indeed,
gains for moderation would come from more information about the
decision.
Good people in the South are, in their frustration, calling it
"vicious, unwarranted, and unconstitutional.” There seems to be an
assumption that the court, out of gratuitous perversity, decided to play
the tyrant. The facts that three Southerners joined in the unanimous
decision; that many social and legal developments led up to this
interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment; that the court did not
go out bunting for new powers, but performed its habitual function
of deciding cases brought to it; that historically much constitutional
law—including the “separate but equal” rule the South now clings
to—has been developed in this way—all these facts deserve fuller
consideration.
There is in this issue ground for constitutional argument, but such
argument particularly should be informed and moderate. If it is,
moderation in action will be encouraged.
-9
13th, 14th Amendments
Needed
United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America (UE)
New York — Drawing a parallel between what is taking place in
the South today and the nullification movement in the South in the
last century following the Civil War, the Executive Board of the United
Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America (UE) today called
upon President Eisenhower to speak out against “present-day attempts
to nullify the American Constitution.”
“Democracy in government and the public schools did prevail in
the South, including the present hotbeds of Alabama and Mississippi,”
the message to President Eisenhower passed by the 23-man Board
stated. “That democracy was backed by the Federal Government in
cluding all branches, legislative, executive and judical. The Constitu
tion was struck down during the latter part of the 19th century, begin
ning in 1878.
“Subsequent history has shown that that deal has meant a green
light was given to nullify the 13th and 14th Amendments through force
and violence and unconstitutional jimcrow laws, out of which came to
day’s segregation. That nullification had northern consent.
“The Supreme Court has sought to restore the 13th and 14th A
mendments of the Constitution. Hence, the dangerous manifesto of
southern Congressmen seeks to gain northern assent again to nullify
these Amendments.”
Full text of the UE Board’s statement follows:
To President Dwight D. Eisenhower
and the Congress of the United States
The General Executive Board of the United Electrical, Radio and
Machine Workers of America views the manifesto of southern Congress
men as presented in the Congress with grave concern as a serious effort
to nullify again the 13th and 14th Amendments to the Constitution, as
happened in 1878. The 13th Amendment outlaws slavery in the United
States. The 14th Amendment guarantees to all people born in the
United States or naturalized the full citizenship rights including the
right to vote and equal protection under the law. Such a presentment
could have only one purpose, namely, to nullify the 13th and 14th A
mendments to the Constitution, to discredit the protector of the Con
stitution, the United States Supreme Court.
All Americans need to be reminded that the country passed the
13th and 14th Amendments to settle the civil rights of Negro citizens.
Democracy in government and the public schools did prevail in
the South, including the present hotbeds of Alabama and Mississippi.
That democracy was backed by the Federal Government, including all
branches, legislative, executive and judicial. The Constitution was
struck down during the latter part of the 19th Century, beginning in
1878. Subsequent history has shown that that deal has meant a green
light was given to nullify the 13th and 14th Amendments through force
and violence and unconstitutional jimcrow laws, out of which came to
day’s segregation. That nullification had northern assent.
The Supreme Court has sought to restore the 13th and 14th A
mendments of the Constitution. Hence, the dangerous manifesto seeks
to gain northern assent again to nullify those Amendments.
Events in the South, participated in by a number of signers,
make it quite clear that absolute resistance to the Supreme Court’s de
cisions on the Constitution is on their order of the day. Their purpose:
nullification of those precious Amendments. The White Citizens Coun
cils and the legislative actions taken in Georgia, Louisiana, Alabama,
Mississippi, South Carolina and Virginia clearly indicate this. These
legislative maneuvers, the Citizens Councils’ incitements and killings
point to a three-pronged attack to achieve nullification of the Constitu
tion in order to maintain jimcrow and segregation.
Governor Folsom of Alabama publicly requested that the governor
of that state be released from the obligation to take the oath to up
hold the Constitution of the United States. His statement was made
in connection with this constitutional debate.
In the face of these constitutional issues, we believe a grave bur
den falls upon us as citizens and upon you as federal officials, to pro- ■
tect our Constitution and the integrity of the Supreme Court as the
interpreter of the Constitution. We believe the signers of the mani
festo are again forcing the test of whether a nation dedicated to the
proposition that all men are created equal can long endure.
We therefore add our voices to those democratic voices in our
land who have affirmed their belief in that proposition, and who be
lieve that our Constitution must and shall prevail for all our citizens
We stand firmly against nullification of any part of the 13th and 14th
Amendments and of the Constitution as a whole. (
We have called upon our members to add their voices to the March i
28th day of prayer, when the churches will pray for our nation’s
democracy. We trust that your voices will ring out as clearly as did
that great founding father’s, Thomas Jefferson, back in 1825 He told
the white students of the University of Virginia who were carrying on
anti-Negro acts that the founding fathers meant every word of it when
they said “all men are created equal.” These students retreated in face
af his firm and uncompromising position. The stand of all democratic
forces must be as firm as his if our cherished Constitution is not to be
nullified by the forces of reaction in the South.
Belle Waddle
Mrs. Belle Waddle, age 80 years,
)f 2515 Binney St., expired Sunday
March 25, 1956 at a local hospital.
She was an Omaha resident 37
pears, and was a past president of
the Cheerful Builders Club of St.
John A.M.E. Church. Mrs. Wad
lle is the wife of the late Professor
Josiah Waddle, well known band
eader in the early 1920’s.
She is survived by her sister,
Mrs. Bettie Chiles of Okarche,
Okla.; brother, William H. Moore
)f Omaha.
Funeral services scheduled for,
rhursday, March 29, 1956 at 2:00
).m. from the St. John A.M.E.
Church.
Myers Brothers Funeral Service, j
—
Annette Hamilton
Mrs. Annette Hamilton, age 75
'ears, of 3027 R Street, expired i
iaturday evening, March 17, 1956
it a local hospital.
She was an Omaha resident 21
'ears and was a member of the
Deaconess Board of Mt. Olive Bap
ist Church.
She is survived by her husband,
Dave Hamilton of Omaha; daugh- j
er, Lovie Hamilton of Omaha; son,
Dewitt Hamilton, U. S. Army, Ft.
Bliss, Texas; sister, Mrs. Bell
Breakfield of Omaha, and a host
if nieces, nephews and other rela
ives.
Funeral services were held Sat
urday, March 24, 1956 at 10:00 a.m.
rom the Mt. Olive Baptist Church
•vith Rev. J. O. White officiating
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IW
assisted by Rev. W. A. Walls, J. A.
Whiters and E. A. Hester.
Pallbearers Messrs Willie Pierce,
Mose Kimble, O. C. Joseph and s!
Coleman. Interment was at Mt.
Hope Cemetery.
Myers Brothers Funeral Service. *
Frank Young
r icuut. loung, age 58 years, of
2017 No. 24 St., expired Wednes
day morning, March 21, 1956 at a
local hospital.
He was an Omaha resident 44
years. * ^
He is survived by his daughter,
Eleanor; two sons, Freddie and
Frank, all of Omaha; two brothers,
A. B. Young of Omaha, and Sam
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Congrats To Bristol-Myers
New York, N. Y. State Comp
troller Arthur Levitt, left and
Manhattan Borough President
Hulan E. Jack (center) congratu
late James L. Macwithey, right,
Director of Public Relations of
the Bristol-Myers Company, at the
opening of the first consumer
show in the U. S. aimed specifi
’ cally at the Negro community, the
Exposition of Progress on Sun
day, March 25th. The company
was one of the first of the leading
companies to recognize the im
portance and participation in this
exposition which is being held in
the Wanamakers Building until
1 April 1st.
Sfoung of Montgomery, Alabama;
three sisters, Mary Bell, Annie and
Ethel, all of Birmingham, Alabama.
Funeral services were held Fri
lay, March 23, 1956 at 2:00 p.m.
rom the Myers Brothers Funeral
rhapel with Rev. Charles Favors
jfficiating. Interment was at Mt
lope Cemetery.
Pallbearers Messrs L. Young,
i. Wiley, J. Franklin, Earl Wheel
:r, E. Smith and P. H. N'orvell.
Manuel Caldwell
Manuel Caldwell, age 65 years,
f 2423 Binney St., expired Tuesday
t a local hospital.
There are no known survivors.
Funeral services were held
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Thursday, March 22, 1956 at 2:00
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