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Backdrop for Murder
A Few Killings—An Associated Press dispatch written by Sam
Johnson and datelined from Jackson, Miss., September 9, 1954, says
in part:
“White men who want to keep segregation in force are banding
into ‘citizens councils’ throughout Mississippi, several legislators said
today.
“The peaceful approach was emphasized by several leaders in
Washington County... But some other legislators from the Delta and
other ‘black counties’ where Negroes outnumber whites, predicted
bloodshed_
“One said ‘a few kilings’ would be the best thing for the state
just before the people vote on a proposed constitutional amendment
empowering the Legislature to abolish public schools.
“The ‘few killings’ would make certain that the people would ap
prove the amendment and ‘would save a lot of bloodshed later on’,
he added.”
Obligated to Defy—Buck P. Patton, a staff writer for the Mem
phis, Tenn., Press-Scimitar, reports a rally of the Citizens Council at
Senatobia, Miss., August 12, 1955. and quotes United States Senator
James O. Eastland (Dem., Miss.) as saying: “On May 17 the Constitu
tion of the United States was destroyed... You are not required to
obey any court which passes out such a ruling. In fact, you are obli- j
gated to defy it.”
Gun and Torch—Although he said it was “abhorrent,” John C.
Satterfield, president of the Mississippi Bar Association and a mem
ber of the board of governors of the American Bar Association, in a
speech at Greenville, Miss., nevertheless listed “the gun and torch”
as one of the three methods of continuing segregation.
Blood on Marble Steps—The New York Times for April 23, 1955,
reports a speech by Frederick Sullens, editor of the Jackson, Miss., \
Daily News, before the American Society of Newspaper Editors meet
ing in Washington, D. C., at the Statler Hotel April 22, in which he
is quoted as saying: “Mississippi will not obey the decision. If an
— effort is made to send Negroes to school with white children, there
will be bloodshed. The stains of that bloodshed wil be on the Supreme
Court steps.”
White Man's Problem—In a front page editorial August 22,
1955, the Jackson, Miss., Daily News describes Dr. A. H. McCoy, state
president of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored
People, as “insolent, arrogant and hot-headed” and says, “The fanati
cal mouthings of McCoy have reached the limit. If not suppressed by
his own race, he will become the white man’s problem.”
Blood on Their Hands—An editorial in the Yazoo City, Miss.,
Herald early in September, 1955, says: “Through the furor over the
Emmett Till case we hope someone gets this over to the nine ninnies
who comprise the present U. S. Supreme Court. Some of the young
Negro’s blood is on their own hands also.”
This is not the United States—In the first of a series of articles
appearing in the New York Herald Tribune September 18, 1955, Homer
Bigart, its world-famous correspondent, quotes Robert P. Patterson,
executive secretary of the Mississippi Citizens Councils, as saying: “Sir,
this is not the United States. This is Sunflower County, Mississippi.”
In this climate of opinion which derides the courts and the rule
of the law, which harps on violence, sometimes nakedly and some
times through the device of repeated disavowal, three persons were
murdered in Mississippi between May 7 and August 28, 1955.
Getting Away With Murder
Near midnight on May 7 the Rev. George W. Lee was driving home
in his town of Belzoni, Miss., in Humphreys County. Another car
overtook him on a dark street. There were two shotgun blasts from
the passing car and Rev. Lee slumped over his steering wheel with
his jaw shot away. He died before he could be taken to a hospital.
Rev. Lee was the first of his race to register to vote in Humphreys
County and he had urged others to register. He had told a friend on
the afternoon of his death day that he had been ordered to remove
his name from the registration list. He had refused to do so.
No arrests have been made.
The Sheriff said the lead pellets in Rev. Lee's jaw and neck "could
have been fillings from his teeth."
In the broad daylight of Saturday afternoon, August 13, Lamar
Smith was shot dead in front of the courthouse at Brookhaven, Miss.
He had been active in getting voters out for the primary election
August 2 and was working on the run-off primary scheduled for Au
gust 23.
Brookhaven is the home town of Circuit Judge Tern Brady who
has been active in the formation of White Citizens Councils and who
has made speeches in and out of Mississippi advocating the impeach
ment of the United States Supreme Court
A grand jury on September 21, 1955, failed to return an indict
ment against the three men arrested in connection with the Smith
murder.
The District Attorney is reported in a United Press dispatch as
accusing the Sheriff of refusing to make an immediate arrest "al
though he knew everything I know" about the slaying. In another
dispatch the District Attorney is quoted as saying: "The Sheriff told
me he saw Noah Smith (one of the accused men) leave the 'scene of
the killing with blo6d all over him. It was his duty to take that man
into custody regardless of who he was, but he did not do it."
Sometime after 2 a.m. on August 28, Emmett Louis Till, 14, who j
had come to the town of Money, Miss., from Chicago to visit his great-1
uncle, Moses Wright, was kidnapped at gun point, beaten, shot and
thrown into the Tallahatchie River.
Two half-brothers, J. W. Milam, 36, and Roy Bryant, 24, were tried
for murder in Sumner, Miss., in Tallahatchie County where the body
was found. The two admitted taking the Till boy from his uncle’s
cabin because he allegedly “wolf-whistled” at Mrs. Bryant three or
four days earlier, but said they released him unharmed a short time
later. Moses Wright identified Milam from the witness stand as the
man who had come to his home with a drawn gun, demanded the Till
boy, took him from his bed and pushed him into a waiting car.
An all-white jury (only voters may serve on juries and none of
the county’s 19,000 Negroes is permitted to vote) took only one hour
and seven minutes to acquit the two defendants who were released
on bail pending the facing of a kidnap charge in neighboring LeFlore
County later in the fall or winter.
The Sheriff said the body was not that of the Till boy, but was
part of a plot by the National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People.
John C. Whitten, one of the five attorneys defending Milam and
Bryant, in addressing the jury said: "I am sure every last Anglo-Saxon
one of you has the courage to free these men. . ."
The Jackson (Miss.) Daily News said editorially, September 25,
1955: "It is the best for all concerned that the Bryant-Milam case be
forgotten as quickly as possible. It has received far more publicity
than should have been given."
This Is Missisisppi
These were not murders of passion, or for profit, but futile, cold,
brutal murders to bolster a theory of superiority based upon skin
color.
It is the people who make a state. It is their sense of decency
and humanity, their delineation between right and wrong, their rela
tive kinship to the Almighty and their stewardship of that kinship
which determine the society of the state.
This is Mississippi, a state within the United States of America,
179 years after the Declaration of Independence which asserted: “All
men are created equal and are endowed by their Creator with certain
unalienable rights_”
This is Mississippi, 164 years after the ratification of the Bill of
Rights which declares (Aritcle V) that no citizen shall “be deprived
of life, liberty or property without due process of law.”
This is Mississippi 85 years after the adoption of the Fifteenth
Amendment to the Constitution which provides: “The right of citizens
of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the
United States or by any state, on account of race, color or previous
condition of servitude.”
This is Mississippi, 2000 years after the birth of Jesus Christ who
said once to his disciples: “.. .yea, the time cometh, that whosoever
killeth you will think that he doeth God service. And these things
will they do unto you, because they have not known the Father, nor
me.” (St. John 16:2,3).
Seein' Stars
by Delores Calvin
New York . . . (CNS) . . . BELA
FONTE TO BRING OWN SHOW
TO BROADWAY: That Harry
Belafonte is a very ambitious
fellow. Heretofore he’s been pre
sented on Broadway with other
stars in shows like “Three for
Tonight” wherein he carried the
show along with the Champions,
Marge and Gower. But not any
more. Harry’s going to present
“A Night of Belafonte.”
Behind him win be a full or
chestra, a chorus of modern dan
cers plus his regular guitar ac
companist, Willard Thomas. “A
Night of Belafonte” will be “a
musical odyssey tracing the evo
lution of American music from
its earliest beginnings to modern
times by means of dramatic in
terpretations with 18 musical
numbers.” Ambitious? Well, its
already booked for Detroit April
1st week plus a week in Milwau
kee - then six weeks of one
nighters before coming to New
York in the fall of ’56.
Hazel Scott said to be sold out
for the Winter. She’s here at the
Latin Quarter this week . . Lena
Horne was with Ethel Merman.
Georgie Jessel and Johnnie Ray
for their presentation to Great
Britain’s royal family.
Dorothy Dandridge revealing
a truly ripened personality out
in Las Vegas’ classy Riviera. And
her name so big it really com
mands attention in this town
which is always lit up . . Louis
Armstrong’s recent front page
publicity over his going behind
the iron curtain said to have sent
his bookings just soaring. Reports
his management, L o u ie has
$2,000,000 in bookings and that
am i nay.
Ethel Waters must be trying
to take off the years what with
that long hair style she was
flaunting about on NBC’s morn
ing television show. Beruffled
dress, dangling earrings all gave
the impression of one trying to
stop time. Ethel’s still a great
actress a*H but we do wish
she would cut the mugging a little
and grow old gracefully.
Josephine Baker just out of
trouble in Canada ran into a
minor detail of booking in Holly
wood. But despite all of her
cross-ups, etc. she still commands
a pretty good salary in $2,500 a
week.
Billy Daniels to make his fourth
tour of Great Britain this Spring.
Billy will go with his pianist,
Benny Payne and of course, his
new blonde wife. He will do four
months in this country before
hitting the continent.
Lena and Eartha to make it
abroad too in ’56. Lena Horne
will do Europe in the fall but
Eartha’s being readied for the
Worthwhile
Reading...
... for your whole family
in the world-famous pages
of The Christian Science
Monitor. Enioy Erwin D.
Canham's .ifcv.est stories,
penetrating national and in
ternational news coverage,
how-tc do features, home
making ideas Every issue
brings you helpful easy-to
read articles
You can get this interna
tional daily newspaper from
Boston by mail, without
extra charge Use the cou
pon below to start your
subscription.
The Chrisrian Science Monitor
One. Norway Street
Boston I 5. Moss . U. S. A.
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(nome)
• oddness)
Ictty) Uon«|
'•-14
Cafe de Paris in April . . , And
last but not least, Sammy Davis.
Jr. who knows ^no end to a busy
schedule. As if he didn’t have
enough now, Sammy will do a
flicker with Frank Sinatra and
the role will be top calibre.
JOSEPHINE BAKER SNARLS
UP HOLLYWOOD DATE
— I
Hollywood, Calif., Continuously
in and out of trouble, Josephine
Baker is now being accused of
failing to show up for a three
week stand at Larry Potter’s Sup
per Club for which she was to
receive $2,500 a week guaranteed.
It seems that Josephine was on
her way back to France and sent
word to Potter, owner of the club
that she would return to this
country though she failed to
answer whether or not she would
return in time to make her en
gagement. At the last minute a
substitute was found for her.
CHICAGO GOES OVER TOP
IN NAACP MEMBER DRIVE
New York, Dec. 2.—NAACP
membership continued to climb
steadily upwards according to
information received here this
week from two large cities in
which campaigns are being con
ducted.
Chicago passed its 10,000 gbal
by 204 and raised $29,600, Mrs.
Cora Patton, president of **tho
Chicago branch reported to the
national office. The campaign
in the Windy City was conducted
by Miss Gertrude Gorman,
NAACP field secretary.
Under the presidency of Mrs.
i Lillie M. Jackson, the Baltimore
branch has recruited a total of
9.000 memberships. Field Sec
retary John Flamor directed the
impaign.
Previously, campaigns in De
troit and Cleveland had brought
| in 13.000 and 10,500 members,
respectively.
_______________________
SEES DIXIE RESISTANCE
AS NEW WAR AGAINST U. S.
j New York, Dec.. 2.—There is
, “no room under the American
system for open defiance of the
Constitution,” Roy Wilkins, ex
ecutive secretary of the National
Association for the Advancement
of Colored People, says in an
j article entitled, “The War A
gainst the United States,” pub
lished in the December Crisis,
the Association’s monthly organ.
The Christmas issue of the mag
! azine also carries a recapitula
1 tion of comment in the French
l press on the unpunished lynch
■ ing of Emmett Louis Till.
__
Mitchell Dearborn
Mr. Mitchell Dearborn, 51
years, 2021 North 27th Street,
expired Friday December 2nd at
a local hospital. Mr. Dearborn
was a barber and had been em
ployed at the Stream Line Barber
Shop. He was a member of
Salem Baptist Church and ser
ved on the Usher Board. Mr.
Dearborn was a Mason and mem
ber of Nat Hunter Lodge No. 12,
F & A.M. He is survived by his
wife, Gladys, mother, Mrs. Mary
Smith, Seattle, Washington, three
sisters, Mrs. Nevertha Brown,
Mrs. Ebrtha Lee Bogan, Mrs. Ber
tha Dearborn, brother, Mr. Simon
Dearborn, all of Seattle, Wash
ington, uncle, Mr. Landy (Stormy)
| Harrold, Gary, Indiana, and other
relatives. Funeral services were
held Tuesday afternoon Decem
ber 6th from Morning Star
Church with the Rev. J. C. Wade
officiating, assisted by the Rev.
W. E. Fort, Rev. CT C. Petis, Rev.
J. H. Reynolds, Rev. B. Oliver,
and Rev. Z. W. Williams. Nat
HunterLodge No. 12, B.A. Austin,
W.M. were in charge of Masonic j
rites and served as active pall
bearers. Members of the Usher
Board acted as Honorary Bearers,
M r. Walter Beck, Frederick
Knight, Oscar Morgan, Sammy
Jackson, Samuel Mattox, Louis
Elzy, Henry Moore, R. Brown.
Interment was at Forest Lawn j
Cemetery with arrangements by |
Thomas Mortuary.
Industrialists
Told Future
Is Bright
New York—America’s tremen
dous potential for a bright eco
nomic future has been outlined
to more than 3,000 industrialists
who are attending the 60th an
nual Congress of American In
dustry this week in the Waldorf
Astoria.
The th ree-da,y convention
which opened Wednesday, has as
its theme “So People May Pros
per,” and Henry G. Riter, 3rd,
President Thomas A. Edison Inc.
and president of the National As
sociation of Manufacturers, spon
sors of Congress, sounded the key
note.
Sinclair Weeks, Secretary of
Commerce, reported that business
figures for 1955 will show the
highest record of all time, with
every indication that prosperity
will continue into 1956.
Charles R. Hook, chairman of
the board, Armco Steel Corp.,
Middletown, Ohio was named
“NAM Man of the Year.” He is a
former president of NAM.
During the Congress the in
dustrialists will hear talks by
Harold E. Stassen Special As
sistant to the President for Dis
armament; E m ily Kimbrough,
author; George Meany, president,
A.F.L.; Charles R. Sligh, Jr., presi
dent. Sligh Furniture Companies
and NAM board chairman; Cam
eron Hawley, author of “Execu
tive Suite,” and Senator William
F. Knowland of California, a
mong others.
Panel sessions on distribution,
research, labor relations and
government contracts are being
held with nationally-known dis
cussion leaders.
Twenty-one college students,
official guests of NAM are rep
resenting all regions of the coun-!
try. The students will take part
in a special program on Friday j
when they will quiz industrialists.
More Than Likely
The best way to keep up with
the Joneses is to take it easy
for a while and in a few years
you’ll meet them coming back.
CHRISTMAS SPARKLE
Costume jewelry rounds out
the picture of a sparkling Christ
mas. Matching bracelets, neck
laces and earrings are fashion
important this year, and are one j
of many ways Santa can make
this a jewel of a Christmas for
her.
Getting Up Nights
If worried by “Bladder Weakness” [Getting
Up Nights (too frequent, burning or itch
ing urination) or Strong, Cloudy Urine]
due to common Kidney and Bladder Irri
tations, try CYSTEX for quick, gratifying,
comforting help. A billion CYSTEX tablets
used in past 25 years prove safety and
success. Ask druggist for CYSTEX under
satisfaction or money-back guarantee.
for QUICK RELIEF of
HEADACHE
NEURALGIA
Ease Pains of Headache
Neuralgia - Neuritis with
Quick Acting STANBACK
Test STANBACK against
any preparation you’ve
ever used . . . See how
quick relief comes.
ACHING MUSCLES
Relieve pains of tired, sore, aching mus
cles with STANBACK, tablets or powder*.
STANBACK acts feet to bring comforting
relief... because the STANBACK formula
combine* several prescription typa in
gredients for fast raliaf of pain.
___ I
HARRIS' GROCERY
PHONE JACKSON 4S14
Staple Goods, Groceries of All Kinds
Fresh Meats Daily
• - _ .
WE ARE JUST AS CLOSE TO YOU AS
YOUR TELEPHONE
2202 North 26th Street OMAHA, NEBRASKA
Man Always Needs Another
Sweater; Here's Good Gift
Men’s wardrobes are always
light on the sweater side. This
fact revealed by a recent cloth
ing survey, points the way to
more successful gift giving for
this Christmas.
Sweaters for gifting this sea
son have tricky patterns design
ed to give a broad shouldered
look. A new design is the crew
neck sweater, a lot like the turtle
neck which provides a tieless
model, somewhat less “warm look
Play Sportsman's
Game For
Christmas Gifting
Here Is Sure Fire Help
In Selecting What
Will Please
“Play his game,” when it comes
to choosing something for the
man, is sure fire advice for suc
cessful Christmas giving. And
you can bank on it that every
man has his game, whether as a
participant or as an ardent if
somewhat sedentary fan.
That fellow who lives, breathes
and shouts about baseball without
hardly ever swinging a bat him
self, for example, also falls in: ■
that category of the males called
sportsmen, just as surely as doc
the golfer, the fisherman or the
tennis enthusiast.
And don’t think for a minute
that he wouldn’t be pleased with,
say a book on the History of
Baseball, or a pair of field glass
es with which to catch a close up
view of a crucial play.
Always Something Better
True, it is much easier to find
a gift for the participant sports
men chiefly because there is al
ways some new gadget being de
veloped to help his game—as in
the instance of the golf bag carts
which save him a lot of energy
when no caddy is available—and
particularly because no matter
what equipment he may now
possess, more or better things are
always what he wants.
A new set of matched clubs
for the golfer, a handsome new
(and lighter weight, please) bag,
are wonderful gifts for the links
man. Sweaters, sports shirts
shoes, caps, also are welcome al
ways. And a dozen gaily pack
aged golf balls will send him in
to raptures on Christmas day.
Reach out among your candi
dates for Christmas gifts th s
year and you can hardly miss
miiiiniiiiiiiii.......
ing” than the ordinary turtle
neck.
The traditional open-V neck
sweater for more formal occa
sions is being shown in soft wool
of bright or light shades.
The tennis sweater has found
new uses this year with the whole
family wearing the familiar
white, red and navy pull-over for
skiing, hiking and just plain re
laxing.
touching a fisherman. This,
sport has grown tremendously in
popularity. Even women have
taken it up in greater and great
er numbers.
For the angler there are all
sorts of new gadgets and gear
among which there are the new
fresh and salt water spinning
reels. New rods, lures and flies
bow into the market constantly.
Tackle boxes, creels, landing
| nets, wading boots, fishing jac
kets, hats and other items sports
! good store folk will suggest,
swell the opportunities for appro
priate giving.
Hunt for the Hunter
The hunter will welcome a
"1 v hunting jacket, a shell and
r ”ne vest, cap, pair of boots, a
',r> cleaning outfit, hunting
'" 'e or several boxes of his
irite shells, as well as all
;'r‘s of camping gear, from a;
compass to a sleeping bag and
from a tent to a portable cook
stove.
For the winter sports enthu-l
siast, there are skis, snow shoes,)
skates, goggles, ski suits and
boots and all manner of warm)
togs. %
Water sports have gained ra
pidly in popularity lately with
particular emphasis on water
skiing and “skin diving.” For
the latter, there are goggles,
masks, fins, spears and even un
derwater breathing apparatus.
On the indoor side, bowling
claims more adherents than any
other sport. And what bowler i
wouldn’t like to have his own in-)
dividual bowling ball, complete
with carrying case? There are
special bowling shoes and shirts
that do their part to boost scores.
Think of the Girls
Don’t neglect the distaff side
of the sports scene in choosing
Christmas gifts. Women are be-;
coming active sports participants'
in ever-increasing numbers. They
play golf and tennis, they ski,
fish and bowl, even go along on
hunting expeditions. Many are
candidates for sports gifts, this
Christmas.
Consider too, gifts of games
and sports gear that the whole
family can enjoy, either in the
basement rumpus room or rig.it
out in the backyard. Popular in
i the “indoor category” are table
tennis and pocket billiards in
junior sizes.
LIGHT METER
A gift of a light meter to the
amateur photographer, whether
a beginner or an old hand at the
game, will help him make better
pictures.
FITTED FOR GIVING
Nylon stockings make an un
usual as well as a popular present
when the choice is the new
stretch nylons. Available in
dress sheers or daytime casuals,
these hose stretch to “custom
fit” any leg size.
OWN NAIL
MNG YOU?
Immediate
Relief!
| A few drops of OUTGRO® bring blessed
relief from tormenting pain of ingrown nail.
OUTGRO toughens the skin underneath the
nail, allows the nail to be cut and thus pre
vents further pain and discomfort. OUTGRO
is available at all drug counters.
Be A
Hypnotist
WRITE
Dr. Marcus Bloch
L-Hy.
President
Eastern School of
Hypnotism
240 Rivington Street
New York 2, N. Y.
SPECIAL SALE
Starts Saturday,
December 10th
Lasts 4 Days
Till Dec. 14th
We Sell
CASH and CARRY
Phone PL 9831
f Free Free Free
! With This Coupon
! $5.00 GROCERY ORDER
| YOU GET
I One Pound Of
1 PURE PORK
! SAUSAGE
*•
| AND ENOUGH DOUBLE EDGE
Safety Razor Blades
% TO LAST YOU A YEAR
i i"t» $ »t • **< r i-1;»»; t. -t
We Carry A Full Line Of
PACKAGE LIQUORS
We Make Free Delivery on Orders
Of $10 Or More
B & R GROCERY
2302 North 27th Street