A. r. Ur L. SOUTHERN SURVEY SHOWS
Definite Improvement In
Race’s War and Post-war
Economic Status
COLORED EXPLOSIVE HANDLERS RECEIVE
§4.80 PER HOUR STRAIGHT TIME
NE\S ORLEANS—A recent spot survey of wage Increases'
among colored workers in New Orleans made bv the AFL Organ
izing Committee indicates a definite improvement in the race’s wai
and post-war economic status. Greatest gains are shown among the j
large segment of Negroes in the organized labor trades.
Authoritative sources of the AFL reveal upwards from 15,000
to 20,000 colored workers in that organization alone in New Orleans
and the immediate vicinity. Fully half of this number is engaged In
waterfront and construction activities where wage rates and working
conditions have shown greatest
improvement.
The survey showed that signi
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BARGAIN SPECIALS ,•
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VICTORY ROLLS ... £4.00
CHIGNONS _£4.00
BRAIDS (extra length) £4.50
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hea°acS%
Alka-Seltzer on hand because you
never know what time of day or
night you may need the relief it
offers. Alka-Seltzer is pleasant to
the taste—easy to take. Ask your
druggist for Alka-Seltzer today.
Remember, when your tablets get
down to four —
that9a thm tinxa to buy
some moral
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NATURAL HAIR ATTACHMENTS
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JESSIE RARE BEAUTY PRODUCTS
$07 FIFTH AVL (Room 905) NEW TOK 17.17. ftopt * I
I ficant advancement has been i
made by organized Negro work
ers in the past several years in
completely eliminating wage dif
ferentials. A clause commonly
found in rranv recently negotiated
contracts is one barring any dif
ferentials in wage rates because
of race or color.
SUBSTANTIAL GAINS
Using wages prevailing at the
start of the defense period most
of the older and better establi
! shed unions have obtained in the
neighborhood of a 50 per cent
general in crease in wages for
their members. Differential pay
for various classes of work makes
the average increase in excess of
50 percent.
Base rate wages for longshore
men in 1941 was $1 per hour
straight time for an eight-hour
day. The present rate is $1.55
per hour with and one half at
$2.25 per hour for work in ex
cess of eight hours. The present
$1.55 represents the third sub
stantial raise for longshoreman
since September, 1945. Longshore
men who handle explosives draw
the highest wage, $4.80 an hour
straight time. i
DOUBLED WAGES
Wage rates for workers in the
Brotherhood of Carpenters and
Joiners like those for Longshore
men have increased by the sub
stantial margin of 50 percent. Be
ginning with a rate of $1 per hour
in 1940, the rates of this craft
have moved upward steadily to
$1.50 at the present time.
Present wages among workers
in the painting craft range from
$1.25 for construction painting to
$1.50 per hour for structural steel
or spray painting. All work done
beyond the regulation time of 8
hour day is paid at the rate of
double time.
Wage rates in a few other or
mHiiiMiiiiiiiiiimiitiiiiiimHiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiuiiiiiiititiimiiniiiniiiiiimniiitiiiniiHl
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y> PRESCRIPTIONS
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—STUDIO OPEN—
Evenings 7:30 - 9:30
Sundays 10 a. m.-3:30 p. m.
TRIANGLE PHOTO SHOP
1608 N. 24th St.
Eugene Kingman
To Become
Director of Joslyn
Memorial Febr. 1
Eugene Kingman will become
director of the Joslyn Memorial
Museum on Febrdary 1. the Board
of Trustees of the Memorial an.
nounced today.
“The action of the Board i3 in
accordance with plans made some
time ago, following the request of
Paul Grummann, present direc
tor, that he be permitted to retire
early in the coming year”, said
President Roy Page.
“Mr. Grummann has been Di
rector of the Museum since its
opening fifteen years ago. and in
the opinion of the Board deserves
great credit for the fine work he
has done, not only in efficiently
and economically carrying on the
activities of the Museum, but in
helping in the building of its col
lection of fine paintings and oth
er art objects. The Board is very
deeply apprecieative of this ser.
vice and of Mr. Grummann’s con
sistent efforts to make the Mus
eum of greater interest and value
to the people of Omaha."
Mr. Kingman, who came to the
Museum following his discharge
from military service in February
of this year, upon Mr. Grummanns
retirement will assume responsi
ble charge of all the activities of
the Museum as well as of its
operation and maintenance, the
announcement sta. ted.
' “The Board is confident that
under Mr. Kingman’s direction
the Museum in addition to its
permanent collection of painting,
sculpture, and art treasures, will
continue to provide many other
things of interest to the public,
and to expand its activities as
broadly as the funds of the Mem
orial will permit,” said President
Page.
In token of its appreciation of
Mr. Grummann’s long and faith
ful service, the Board, upon Mr.
Grummann’s retirement, will con.
fer on him the honary title of
Director Emeritus, Page said.
ganized labor crafts, as for exam
ple truck drivers, hodcarriers,
common laborers, while not hav
ing such a high minimum as the
aforementioned trades, neverthe
less have moved upward. Truck
drivers who only a few years got
as little as 40 cents for a nine
hour day, today are receiving 80
cents to $1.
It is a well known fact that
wages or organized workers de
finitely influence higher wages for
organized workers. Oftentimes,
employers grant workers higher
pay voluntarily especially when
they anticipate attempts by un
ions to organize their employees.
While in most instances the em
ployer or boss looks upon such
increases as only temporary ex
pedients to avoid unionization of
his plant, in the long run the over
all effect is to produce a higher
level of wage payments. Accep
tance by workers of such increa
ses without their embodiment in
a contract disregards certain oth
er fundamental for which organi
zed labor strives, .vacation with
pay, differential pay for different
classes of work, seniority, impro
ved sanitary and healthful work
ing surroundings, and many oth
ers.
MORE HOME OWNERS
The survey indicated that these
higher wage payments among
Negro workers are being reflec
ted in expansion of home owning,
despite higher real estate values.
Likewise, a surprisingly large
number of business enterprises,
small though they may be, are be
ing started by craft union work
ers. Many children of workers
where hithertofore had to give up
schooling at an early date are be
ing sent to high school and in'
some instances to college and pro
fessional schools.
The survey showed that Long
shoreman, for example, during
the two war years 1944-45 had
an average annual take home pay
of §2134.50, an income which pla
ces this group in the very top
brackets of Negro wage earners
in New Orleans.
_
• Radio Programs
SUNDAY RADIO PROGRAMS
Dec. 29. 1946 WOW (590 kc 508.
2m) (CST)
6 30 Sunday Serenade
6 55 News
7 00 Revival Hour
8 00 Chapel in the Sky
8 15 Midwest Report
8 15 Chapel Service, Rev. ft. R.
Brown
9 30 STORY TO ORDER
9 45 Cheer Up Time
10 00 WOW News Tower
10 15 Gems and Jottings
10 30 Furs on Parade
10 45 Solitaire Time. NBC
11 00 World Front, NBC*
II 30 House of Beauty
11 45 Canary Pet Show
12 00 WOW News Tower
12 15 Farm' Magazine of the Air
12 30 Your University Speaks
Democratic Committee
12 45 Life Time Favorites
1 00 RCA Victor Hour, NBC
1 30 Harvest of Stars, NBC
2 00 Carmen Cavellero, NBC
2 30 One Man’s Family, NBC
3 00 The Symphonette
3 30 Nebraska Iowa Quiz
4 00 Quiz Kids
4 30 Circle Arrow Show
5 00 Catholic Hour, NBC
5 30 Bob Burns
6 00 Jack Benny, NBC
6 30 Bandwagon, NBC
7 00 Edgar Bergen & Charley
CLEO’s
Nite & Day
BARBQ
2042 North 21st St.
ALL KINDS OF DELICIOUS
SANDWICHES
“OPEN 24 HOURS A DAY”
Deliveries Made—Small Fee
Charge for the same.
Call ATlantic 9541
Wy.v^V.V.y.MiJ --
Spanking clean white mouses are one ->t the trademarks ot Camp
Fire Girls. Above a member of one of the Horizon Clubs, which
serve girls from senior high through junior college age. tells a
member ot the Blue Birds, the junior age group served by Camp
Fire, that ironing is one of the household duties that young girls
can assume. “Someday we’ll be homemakers.” she tells the Blue
Bird, “and it’s important that we start learning about household
duties now ” (ANP>
Former Omahan To Live
In Kingdom of Haile Selassie
After the first of the year, Clay
ton L. Holm will be winging his
way by plane for the kingdom of
Haile Selassie.
The former Omahan is out of
the Army Air Force now, after
finishing a four year stint at
Scott Field, 111., and has been in
Washington, D. C„ with the gen
eral office of an airline company.
Now he will go to Addis Ababa,
the capitol of Ethiopia, to spend
two years as executive assistant to
H. B. Overmiller of Kansas City,
Mo., who will be president of the
company’s associate organization
in Africa.
Mr. Holm and his wife came by
plane this week from the capitol
to spend the holidays with the
former’s parents, Mr. and Mrs.
Holger Holm. The air executive’s
wife will stay in Omaha for a few
weeks. Then she will be in Okla
homa City with her mother Mrs.
Lulu Garrett, before joining her
husband in Africa next August.
Omaha Public Power District
Sign New Contracts
To Supercede All Others Now In Effect
The Board of Directors of the
Omaha Public Power District this
morning authorized its officers to
sign a new power contract to su
percede power agreements now in
effect.
The new contract is to be be.
tween the Omaha District and the
three Hydro Dstricts. .the Loup
River Public Power District, the
Platte Valley Public Power and
Irrigation District, and the Centr
al Nebraska Public Power and
Irrigation District. Mr. J. M. Har
ding, President of the Board of
| the Omaha Public Power District, j
stated that he has been advised
that this contact has already been
approved by the Boards of the
three Hydro Districts. The sign
ing is expected to take place in \
January.
The purpose of the new agree
ment are to assure adequate elec,
trie power capacity for the frow
ing needs of the Omaha District,
as well as to aid and encourage
the development of irrigation and
reclamation throughout the state.
In order to fulfill the terms of j
McCarthy, NBC
7 30 Fred Allen Show, NBC
8 00 Manhattan Merry Go
Round, NBC
8 30 American Album of Fami
liar Music, NBC
9 00 Don Ameche Show, NBC
9 30 Meet Me at Parkey’s, NBC
10 00 WOW News Tower
10 15 Show Time
10 30 Pacific Story. NBC
11 00 WOW News Tower
11 15 Music by Shredinik, NBC
11 30 America United
12 00 Midnight Melodies
12 15 Mary Ann Mercer, NBC
12 30 Symphony of Melody
12 55 News, NBC
KOIL (1290 kc)
7 00 Paul Harvey, News. ABC
7 15 Tom Glazer’s Ballad Box,
7 30 Coffee Concerts. ABC
7 45 The Chosen People—Dr.
Joseph Hoffman Cohn
8 00 Sunday Morning Melodies
8 15 Christian Science Pgm, ET
8 30 The Christians Hour, ET
9 00 Old Fashioned Revival ET
10 00 Church of the Air
10 30 News
10 45 A1 Williams Health Club
11 00 This Week Around the
World, ABC
11 30 Melodies of the Southland
12 00 News
12 15 Your Sports Question Box
With Leo Durocher
12 30 Your University Speaks
12 45 Vagabond Dreamer
1 00 For Your Comfort, ET
1 30 Friendship Hour. ETS
1 45 Portraits of Music, ETS
2 00 Sammy Kaye's Serenade
2 25 News
2 30 Geislers Canaries
2 45 Sam Pettengill, News ABC
3 00 Are These Our Crildren?
3 30 Green Hornet
4 00 Darts for Dough, ABC
4 30 Counterspy, ABC
5 00 Sunday Eveniny Party
5 30 Easy Aces, ET
5 45 Flight with Music. ET
6 00 Drew Pearson, ABC
6 15 News
6 30 Thanks for Thanksgiving
7 00 The Paul Whiteman Hour
7 30 The Clock, ABC
8 00 Walter Winchell, ABC
8 15 Louella Parsons.’ ABC
8 30 Jimmy Fidler, ABC
8 45 The Policewoman, ABC
9 00 Theatre Guild of the Air
10 00 News
10 15 Vera Massey, ABC
10 30 Music You Want R
11 00 News. ABC
11 05 Ted Weem’s Orch., ABC
11 30 Jack Fina’s Orch. ABC
11 55 News, ABC
12 00 Sign Off.
the new contract, the Hydro Dis
tricts propose to build a new gen
erating plant which will produce'
ample power for the foreseeable
needs of the state’s electrical fa
cilities.
The new contract is of a reci
procal nature in that it provides
also for the sale of electrical cur
rent to the hydros by the Omaha
Public Power District whenever
circumstances make this neces.
sary. Result will be that maxi
mum benefits in eonomical opera
tions will be achieved through the
coordination of the State’s princi
pal power facilities, members of
the Board Stated.
At this morning's meeting, it
was pointed out that under the
new arrangement benefits which
accrue to agriculture from the
development of irrigation and re
clamation will, in turn, be reflec
ted to Omaha Public Power Dis.
trict customers.
It was said by board members
that the sale of electric power by
j the hydros is essential to the main
■ taining of irrigation and reclama
| tion in the various districts, as
I current has been the principal
source of income ever since the
hydros were constructed during
the ‘30’s and that without the new
contract the hydros would not be
in a position to further develop
their facilities at the present time.
The Omaha Public Power Dis
trict has agreed to purchase a
stipulated amount of power, the
kilowatt-hours to increase with
the load requirements of the Dis
trict. This method was chosen in
preference to making additions to
the present generating plants now
owned and operated by the local
District.
The new contract provides m ad
dition, that the Omaha District
will take electric energy which
may become available through the
extra flow of water brought
about from irrigation and for
which the hydros may have no
other market. This means that
during the dry season when the
demand for rrigation is heaviest
the water flow from the storage
dams will also be fully used to 1
generate electric current. This '
method makes it possible for the ’
hydros to get the greatest gocd
out of the water, since it must
necessarily be stored in the re.
servoirs when not needed for ir
rigation.
The contract is to be retroactive
to December 2, 1946, and will run
for a 10 year period.
The major part of the power
either purchased by, or sold to !
the Omaha District will be deliv- :
ered to the sub-station located on
South 36th Street, just beyond
the present city limits.
The new arrangement, the1
Board stated, is a guarantee of
ample power ot good rates for
the customers of the Omaha Pu
blic Power District. It also adds
to the reliability of the electric
service through the pooling of the
facilities of the larger generating
Beauticians
HAIR DRESSING BOOTHS
—For Rent or Lease—
DOT’S BEAUTY SALON
2031 North 24th St. AT-0459
units in Nebraska. Industrial de.
velopment in the state will be aid
ed by the combined facilities of
the interlocking grid, power au
thorities say.
Construction of the new plant is
expected to get underway as soon
as financing arrangements can be
completed by the three Hydro
Districts, .the Loup River Power
District; the Platte Valley Public
Power and Irrigation District, and
the Central Nebraska Public Po- i
wer and Irrigation District. Ma-!
chinery was ordered several
months ago. It is believed that
the new generating station will
be finished and ready for use
some time in 1948.
Members of the Board expres
sed satisfaction at the completion
of the negotiations and said that
it is another step forward in the
Omaha Public Power District’s
--v
OUR
| GUEST
Column
(Edited by VERNA P. HARRIS)
Co-ops And Racial
Understanding
By Richard Giles
Managing Editor, Cooperative
News Service, N. Y.
A co-op is a group of people
banded together to accomplish
some economic purpose. Usually
the purpose is to get better
quality goods at lower prices..
groceries, gasoline, electrical ap
pliances, or whatever the group is
interested in Membership open to
all, capital supplied by savings of
the members, refunds paid in pro
portion to purchases.. these are
the rinciples of organization. In
the United States there are close
to a million consumers organized
in this way. The great majority
are farmers because farmers have
been exploited by monopolies a
lot more than city people openly.
But city people are organizing
co-ops too. New co-op grocery
stores, housing projects, medical
plans, gas stations and milk
routes are being announced from
day to day. Since June the Michi
gan CIO Council has turned con
siderable effort toward organizing
co-ops and/ already supermarkets
are planned in Detroit, Flint. Pon
tiac, and Lansing.. ten of them in
Detroit.
Co-ops have added little to ec
onomic theory. In general, coop
erators ascept the doctrines of
Adam Smith and visualize co-ops
as a method of making laissez
faire work. If coops adhere to a
policy of fair prices to farmers,
fair wages to labor and fair pri
ces to consumers, they argue, pri
vate enterprise will be forced to
follow suit. It is commonly said
that co-ops need operate only 15
per cent of the nation’s business
to put an end to monopoly prac
tices. This has been shown to be
true at least in, Ohio, where the
farmers’ co-ops manufacture 15
per cent of the fertilizer made in
the state and have paid excellent
wages to labor while cutting mo
nopoly price in half.
It would be a mistaye to think
I that a co-op can be operated pri
marily as a weapon against rac
ial discrimination. Any use of the
co-op for a purpose other than
its economic goals may affect its
efficiency and create factionalism
in its membership. It would be
more realistic to say that a co-op
operating on the principle of open
membership to all, offers an op
portunity for people of all races
and religions to get together in
an economic activity, instead of
forcing them into grudging com
petition with each other. It would
be foolish to pretend that racial
understanding will automatically
result, especially since the mem
bers are exposed to so many other
influences in their daily lives, but
it is certainly true that the plane
is tilted a bit in the proper dir
ection and the balls may roll down
it if they are free to roll.
• In practice there have been
co.ops formed by people of all
kinds of convictions. Some co-ops
have been formed in Negro com.
unities, some in typical Southern
white communities. There is such
a thing as Jim Crowism in coop
eratives, just as there is in the
schools, restaurants, railroad sta
tions and movie theatres. The ex
istence of Jim Crowism, however
is no more an indictment of co.
,oi strati on than of education or
transportation or eating. Ultimate
ly, cooperation like education
leads to the destruction of pre
judice.
You can say this with more
assurance since in some northern
communities there have been Ne.
groes who started co-ops which
eventually took in white members
and there are co-ops started by
whites which have taken in Ne
gro members. This would proba.
bly not happen in a city where
racial prejudice is strong, but it
has happened in cities where ra
cial prejudice exists, .since after
all it exists everywhere.
I get the impression that a
fair number of southern white
boys learned during their years
in military service that they
could get along with Negroes
better than they knew. Perhaps
it is reasonable to compare the
lesson to be learned through
membership in a co.op.. the les
son is learned almost by accident
but there is good chances that it
will stick.
—APA—
program to better serve Its cus.
tomers as a public utility.
The terms of a new power con
tract between the Omaha Public
Power Dstrict and the three Ne
braska Hydro Districts have been
approved by the Board of Direc
tors of the Omaha Public Power
District.
The three Nebraska Hydro Dis
tricts are the Loup River Public
Power District, the Platte Valley
Public Power and Irrigation Dis
trict, and the Central Nebraska
Public Power and Irrigation Dis
trict.
The new contract w'ill assure
to the Omaha District adequate
power for its foreseeable future
needs and in addition will aid in
the development of irrigation and
reclamation in the state.
The contract is of a reciprocal
nature in that it also provides for
the sale of electric current to the
hydros whenever circumstances
make it desirable. The purpose of
; this clause is to make it possible
for the coordination of the state’s
principal power facilities to achi
eve maximum benefits in econo
mical operation to all the parties
to the contract.
Under the contract the Omaha
Public Power District agrees to
purchase stipulated amounts of
power, such amounts increasing
from yea- to year.
The contract will be retroactive
to December 2, 194n and is for a
ten year period. The major por
tion of all power either purchased
by or sold to the Omaha Public
Power District will be delivered to
the substation located on South
36th Street, just south of the pre.
sent limits of the city of Omaha.
Board of Directors of the Om
aha Public Power District are:
Ft. E. Bott; Karl C. Brown; Carl
A. Swanson; Samuel L. Cooper;
David Goldman; J. M. Harding,
President; Chas. D. Saunders; and
Gerald E. Collins,
MANY VETERANS FAIL
TO REPORT EARNINGS
Nearly four hundred Nebraska
World War II veterans taking
training or educational courses
under the G. I. Bill of Rights re.
main off subsistence pay rolls be
cause they failed to report their
earnings as required by law.
Wage reports were due Novem
ber 5 for those receiving allow
ances August 8, Max Johnson,
Senior VA contact representative
in Omaha explained.
Who Said “What
Is Overhead?”
I One of the questions most fre
quently asked in Red Cross cam
paignc is “What is your overhead ?
How much of my gift will go for
salaries and how much to the
folks who need Red Cross?
This reference to overhead al
ways carries a sinister implica
tion. The questioner seems to con
vey th# idea that all relief must
come in a basket, .wrapped up in
brown paper; and that anything
other than meat and potatoes,
clothing, and similar items must
be charged to overhead. This con
ception of relief and overhead is
widely held, but judged by such
measures, the Red Cross suffers
unfairly. A minor share of its
annual budget is actually expended
for groceries, clothing, and shel
ter. But do these tangible goods
bound relief? Let us examine the
facts.
A child swimming at a picnic
is caught in the rapids of a ri
ver and screams for help. A Red
Cross-trained lifesaver plunges in
rescues him, and resuscitates him.
Is the cost of training this life
saver overhead or relief?
A whole community is stricken
with influenza or typhoid or polio
and scores of Red Cross Home
Nursing-trained women are rec
ruited to assist the few graduate
nurses available. Lives are saved.
Should the cost of this training
be dubbed overhead or relief since
again only salaries are involved?
Far out in the country a far
mer is injured by his tractor. A
son responds to give him first aid
learned from a Red Cross-trained
instructor. The doctor finally ar
rives and opines that the father’s
life was saved by such effective
application of first aid. Is the cost
of this training overhead or re-;
lief?
A veteran of the war has re
ceived all of the government be
nefits to which he Is entitled. But
something from his harrowing
war experience has militated a
gainst his rehabilitation. He needs
no groceries or money or anything
that can be handled. He needs in
telligent counsel, sensible sympa
thy. .a friendly hand on the shoul
der. And the Home Service work
er furnishes just that. Is this cost
of time and salary to be labeled
crass overhead?
The American Red Cross is pri
marily a service organization. The
larger part of its budget is the
salary item.. but tjie salaries are
paid to people who serve people
in need, or who train or supervise
people to serve others in need.
We need to broaden the public
concent, then, of relief. Relief can
not always be wrapped up as a
tangible commodity. Service is as
essential, however, to the welfare
of humanity and in this relation
ship, service is relief. Any cost
in salary or equipment items to
produce such service, therefore, is
not overhead, but legitimate re
lief expenditure.
FIRST AID DRESSINGS
OFFERED FOR SALE
OMAHA—More than five mil
lion large first aid dressings and
about four million small dressings
which cost the government more
than $1,000,000 will be offered for
sale at fixed prices from January
6 to January 26, Omaha WAA
announced today.
The dressinbs, priced at ^ frac.
tion of their cost, may be used in
makinp a large variety of pro
ducts by manufacturers of tex
tiles, dry goods, absorbent cotton,
cleaning and dust cloths, pillows
and mattresses, clothing, uphol
stery material j, automobile ac
cessories and novelties. WAA sug.
gested, for example, that muslin
bandage ties be used as facings
for men’s and boys trousers, for
filling in padded housecoats and
bed jackets, or for stuffed toys.
Prices are less than two cents
each for large dressings, ranging
from five inches by six inches to
ten inches by ten inches and 3-4
cent each for small dressings,
measuring from three inches by
five inches to 4 1-2 inches by six
inches.
NEGROES OWN 52,346
FARMS IN MISSISSIPPI
WASHINGTON—Of the 142,313
farms worked in the State ’ of
Mississippi by Negroes, 25,346 are
owned by colored persons and the
i remainder are operated by mana
gers and tenants, according to a
combined U. S. Department of
Commerce and Census Burea re.
port.
In addition to the 25,346 farms
operated by owners, 59 are hand
led by managers and 119,908 op
erated by tenants. These prelim
inary figures from the 1945 Cen.
sus of Agriculture were released
Wednesday of last week by Direc
tor J. C. Capt. of the Bureau of
the Census.
10.8% Decline Noted
The total number of non-white
operated farms in the State de
clined from 159,540 to 142.313, or
10.8 % between April 1, 1940 and
Jan. 1, 1945, the report shows. It
also shows that there was a gain
of 1,919 in the number of farms
operated by owners, a gain of fif
teen in the number of farms op.
erated by tenants.
The sharp rise in the number of
owner farms reflects increases in
farm income during the war and
the purchase of farms under the
terms of the Bankhead-Jones
Farm Tenant Act.
Property Values Increase
The land in the farms surveyed
declined 166,856 in acres in that
five-year period, but the value of
land and buildings increased for
all non-white farm operators.
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