|-WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS_,'
U. S. Code Irxterceotions Bared
d
Jap War Plans; Attlee Outlines
Labor Party Economic Program
__ Released by Western Newspaper Union _
lEOITOR’S NOTE: When opinions are expressed in these columns, they are those of
Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.)
As joint U. S.-British commission studies Palestine problem, Jewish
youth parade in Jerusalem in protest against restriction of immigration
into Holy Land.
PEARL HARBOR:
Code Secrets
As the Pearl Harbor investigation
got underway at Washington, D. C.,
before a joint 10-man congres
sional committee, intercepted mes
sages placed in the records dis
closed that U. S. intelligence offi
cers had cracked the secret Japa
nese code a year before the start of
the war.
While the early intercepted mes
sages dealt with ship movements,
chief interest centered in the diplo
matic documents dating from July
2, 1941, when Tokyo told Berlin that
Japan would work for its “greater
East Asia co-prosperity sphere” re
gardless of the world situation.
On November 22, Tokyo advised
Nomura and Kurusu, Jap envoys
negotiating in Washington with Sec
retary of State Hull, that it had
been decided to set November 29 as
the final date for effecting an agree
ment, after which things would
"‘automatically . . . happen” in case
of failure. Then on November 26.
Nomura told Tokyo of Hull’s ulti
matum and the improbability of
reacnmg a settlement.
On November 30, Tokyo informed
Berlin of the imminence of war with
the U. S. and later relayed the same
message to Rome. Meanwhile,
Tokyo warned its consulates on De
cember 3 to be on guard for the
"winds” messages in short wave ra
dio broadcasts indicating rupture of
relations with the Allies. The “east
wind, rain” message (meaning war
with the U. S.) then came through
on December 5.
Among the last messages decoded
were Tokyo’s reply to Hull’s ultima
tum on December 6, with final in
structions for presentation to the
U. S. at 1 p. m. the following day
coming in on the morning of De
cember 7. Dated December 7, a Jap
message from Budapest, Hungary,
to Tokyo stated that the American
minister to that country had pre
sented its government with a com
munique from the British that a
state of war would break out on the
seventh.
BIG TALK:
Reassures V. S.
In the nation’s capital to discuss
•disposition of the horrific atom bomb
and touchy international questions,
British Prime Minister Attlee also
found time to address congress and
•outline the democratic objectives of
his labor party just as negotiations
for a multi-billion dollar loan from
the U. S. were materializing.
Aimed at helping Britain get its
export - import trade functioning
again and lighten the load of six bil
lion dollars of debts to wartime cred
itors, the projected multi-billion dol
lar advance was attacked in some
circles as an aid to the labor party
in socializing the United Kingdom.
In addressing congress, Attlee de
clared that British businesses were
only to be nationalized when they
had grown into monopolies detri
mental to the economy.
No radical in speech or appear
ance, the short, mild-mannered,
mustached British leader described
the labor party as a representative
cross-section of liberal English so
ciety, with professional and business
men, and even aristocrats, joining
with the working classes in its mem
bership.
In determining to retain the secret
of the know-how of harnessing the
atom, President Truman and Attlee
declared that until effective safe
guards were set up against its de
structive use, no advantage would
come from sharing its use. To work
out such safeguards permitting ex
change of vital information on atom
ic energy for industrial purposes,
the Big Two recommended the crea
tion of a United Nations commis
sion.
As revealed by Foreign Minister
Bevin in the house of commons re
cently, Britain has expressed deep
concern over Russian demands for
trusteeship of Eritrea and Tripoli
tania in the Near East, and estab
lishment of a naval base in the
Dodecanese islands, inasmuch as
these territories lie athwart the
famed “life-line” of the empire
through the Mediterranean and Suez
canal.
Coincident with Attlee’s visit to
Washington was the U. S. and Brit
ish announcement that a joint com
mission of the two countries would
undertake a study of the ticklish
Jewish immigration question with a
view toward easing the plight of
European refugees.
Pressing importance of the is
sue was emphasized by contin
ued Arab and Jewish riots in the
Near East, with scores killed
and wounded in widespread
demonstrations over the ques
tion of making Palestine a na
tional homeland for the He
brews.
Because they have been banded
into a league 33 million strong
spread over the entire Near East,
with control over rich oil deposits
cherished by U. S. and British con
cerns, the Arabs have greatly com
plicated settlement of the Palestine
issue in view of their stubborn oppo
sition to large-scale Jewish immi
gration.
Taking the Arab objections into
consideration, the joint U. S. and
British commission will look into
the question of whether heavy im
migration would upset the Arabs’
political and economic position in
Palestine. Consideration also was
to be given to providing remedial
action in Europe itself and allow
ing immigration to other countries.
JAPAN:
Seek Trade
As the question of reconstituting
the Japanese economy arose, Nip
ponese officials drew a pattern for
the nation’s future trade relations
with the world by recommending a
barter system to facilitate immedi
ate imports of needed foodstuffs and
raw materials. Under terms of sur
render, Japan will not be permitted
to produce some of the items for
merly exported.
Under the Japanese proposal for
the resumption of trade, Nippon
would receive substantial amounts
of food, salt, cotton, copra, coal, iron
ore and non-ferrous metals, in ex
change for gold, diamonds, silk, cot
ton goods, chemical products, med
ical supplies, machinery, hardware,
and tin.
The problem of recreating the
Japanese economy was pointed up
by revelation that the country had
been the sixth biggest prewar export
er. shipping out almost a billion
dollars worth of goods each year.
Of the total amount, China obtained
the largest part, with the U. S. and
India following.
Of the total amount, China ob
tained 27.2 per cent; the U. S., 18.2
per cent; India, 6.2 per cent; Great
Britain, 3.7 per cent; Latin America,
3 per cent; Australia, 2 per cent,
and Germany 0.7 per cent. Other
European and Asiatic countries
took 2.1 and 3.1 per cent of the re
mainder of exports respectively.
Predict Another Full Larder for U. S.
Total food available for civilians in 1946 will be considerably greater
than in 1945 with average food consumption per capita expected to be
larger than in 1945, the department of agriculture reported. All foods,
however, will not be equally plentiful, with pork, the better grades of beef
and veals, fats, oils and sugar in shorter supply.
Most of the expected improvement in civilian food supplies next year
stems from the sharp cutback in military food requirements, which will
drop to one-third or even one-quarter of the 1945 level. Exports and
shipments of food in 1946 will continue large, assuming that satisfactory
financial arrangements are completed. The greater part of these exports
'will move in the early months of the year, mainly to the United King
dom. and the liberated areas of Europe.
FOOD:
Europe’s Need
As congress wrangled over appro
priation of $550,000,000 to complete
the original government pledge of
$1,350,000,000 to the United Nations
Relief and Rehabilitation adminis
tration, and President Truman
asked for another $1,350,000,000 for
the agency, UNRRA officials abroad
estimated that liberated European
countries would need 9,000,000 tons
of foodstuffs this winter to avoid
starvation and serious malnutrition.
Because of interruptions in farm
ing caused by the war and drouth,
European agriculture will be able
to furnish metropolitan districts
with food assuring a daily intake of
only 1,200 calories, UNRRA said.
Though receipt of 9,000,000 tons of
food would boost this figure to 2,000
calories, the diet still would fall be
low standard nutritional require
ments.
Investigations in Czechoslovakia,
Greece, Italy, Denmark, Holland,
Belgium, Yugoslavia and Norway
revealed that there was a pressing
need for feed to help rebuild the
cattle and dairy industries, serious
ly depleted by butchering of con
quering armies and the diversion
of grains to human consumption.
Having already shipped 2,400 cows
to southern and eastern Europe,
UNRRA plans additional substantial
monthly deliveries through the win
ter.
Meanwhile, American grain mar
kets boomed upon the prospect of
heavy demand in the coming months,
with cash and December rye a sen
sational leader on the Chicago Board
of Trade.
Cash rye held a substantial mar
gin over cash wheat, what with dis
tillers scrambling for the grain in
view of a shortage of corn and sor
ghum, while the December future
soared to almost $1.90 a bushel, top
ping December wheat for the first
time since 1921.
Another bullish factor in the mar
ket was an estimated drop of 287,
000,000 bushels in the 1944 rye crop
in Europe where the grain is an im
portant bread staple, and smaller
supplies in both the U. S. and Can
ada.
Because of the slowness in deliv
ery of grain to coastal ports, many
experts feared exports in the early
half of 1946 might fall below ex
pectations. Railroads clamped on
emergency demurrage charges in
an effort to speed up unloading of
box cars to ease the situation.
‘Sonny’ Sets Fast Pace
To the question of what makes Ells
worth (“Sonny”) K'isecarver, 16, so ir
resistable to women older than him,
Mrs. Eleanor Deveny, 24. who figured
in his latest romantic interlude, mused:
“Dream man—Ideal companion—Per
fect lover."
Mother of two children and wife of an
urmy corporal serving in Japan, Mrs.
Deveny eloped with “Sonny” following
Mrs. Deveny and "Sonny.”
a meeting at the home of a mutual
friend. Two years ago, Mrs. Elaine
Monfredi, 22, and also the mother of
two children, ran off with young Wise
carver in his first amorous episode.
In elaborating on ",Sonny’s” attributes,
Mrs. Deveny asserted: “I’d Eke to take
care of him the rest of my life. . . . He’s
good, considerate and older than his
years.” She would not return to her
husband, she said,
CHINA:
Friendly Enemies
Once deadly enemies, Chinese na
tionalists and Japanese troops have
become brothers in arms in north
ern China, where Nipponese forces
have been employed by the central
government for the protection of vi
tal territory and railroads against
communist attack.
While the Japanese actively aided
the nationalists in their drive to se
cure a foothold in the north, U. S.
marines kept their distance in the
bloody strife between Chiang Kai
shek’s troops and the Reds, being
ordered only to guard American
lives and property in the battle zone.
Meanwhile, the nationalists pressed
their advantage with lend-lease sup
plies originally destined for use
against the Japanese. '
Though fighting raged throughout
the whole northern area, attention
was riveted on nationalist attempts
to smash into the industrial province
of Manchuria, which the commu
nists reportedly planned to convert
into a military stronghold. Early
fighting centered around Shanhaik
wan, gateway city to Manchuria
lying at the eastern end of the Great
Wall.
G.I. INSURANCE:
Too much high pressure on
draftees when they took out govern
ment life insurance on entering the
service and not enough salesman
ship now to get them to keep it after
discharge, are the main reasons why
three out of four veterans are laps
ing their insurance, according to a
study by Northwestern National l.ife
Insurance company.
World War II service insurance is
less flexible and carries fewer privi
leges than government insurance for
veterans of World War I.
Read The Greater
Omaha Guide Every Week
j
*JUeJlame
low*
Hepxvit&i
9 in WASHINGTON
By Walter Shead
if WNU Correspondent
WNU W ashiagtoa Bureau,
1616 Eye St., N. W.
Truman’s Worries
Weighing Heavily
A LITTLE over six months ago,
Harry S. Truman took over the
biggest job in the world. He became
President of the United States under
highly dramatic circumstances, and
in the shadow of the nation’s be
reavement over the death of Frank
lin D. Roosevelt.
Your Home Town Reporter was
privileged to attend that first press
conference in the oval room of the
White House. That meeting won Tru
man the respect of all newspaper
men present, and stamped the new
, President as a man of quick deci
sions, forceful and aggressive, and
with a wide knowledge of govern
ment. When the conference ended,
the correspondents broke into spon
taneous applause ... it had been
so different from those to which they
, had become accustomed for more
than 12 years.
But now, six months later, there
is a change ... a hardly perceptible
difference, and yet it is there, never
theless. For instance, at a recent
conference, announced beforehand,
as is the new custom . . . the Presi
dent seemed tired. He still had that
quick almost ingratiating smile . . .
be still stood behind his desk as the
reporters fired their questions at him
and he still answered them readily
and decisively . . . but It seemed to
this reporter that he was inclined
more to weigh his words . . . that he
was more ready to pass along the
responsibility for his answers. For
instance, he would say, “the state
department is considering that ques
tion” or, “I may have something on
that within a few days,” or “Wash
ington wouldn’t be Washington
without all kinds of rumors.”
He was still forthright, but he ap
peared to have learned to be more
careful in his answers, and to meas
ure the effect of his words. When ,
the conference was ended, the re
porters scattered hastily to their tele
phones or to their offices.
Co-Operation Ends
President Truman, it is apparent,
definitely realizes that the honey
moon is over, and that politics, as
usual, has taken the place of the
back-slapping and hearty well
wishes and promises of “co-oper
ation.”
He knows that all is not going
well . . . neither on Capitol hill
where he has met reverses at the
hands of a conservative and re
actionary congress . . . nor on the
domestic front, where reconversion
is being held back because of many
I causes . . . nor on the international
1 diplomatic front.
I This reporter believes the Presi
dent feels he has been let-down by
some of those to whom he looked
for closest support. In an off-the-rec
ord statement at a recent Wash
ington dinner he indicated as much.
For business, labor, his former col
leagues on the hill, agricultural lead
ers ... all came to him in those
first weeks of his tenure and offered
and promised their co-operation to
bring about an early end of the war
and quick reconversion from a war
to a peacetime economy.
Selfishness and Confusion
Washington today is packed and
jammed with lobbyists for one cause
or another, pressure groups, each
seeking their own selfish ends. One
group tries to pull congress one way,
urging this for one section, another
group works in direct opposition, for
the benefit of another section. There
is confusion in the minds of many
people here, many subjects. There
■ is confusion in the minds of the peo
! pie in the ho- towns.
If your reporter has judged the
! President rightly, he will not long
; permit indecision and lack of lead
i ership or a governmental policy to
' slow up and confuse the issues now
before the American people and the
world.
During his terms in the senate,
Mr. Truman gave ample proof that
when he once made up his mind
he would forge ahead and let the
chips fall where they may. That he
has this courage was demonstrated
in his stand on universal military
training. Again he showed it when in
the face of a hostile congress he de
clared his determination to carry
through on the entire Roosevelt pro
gram. And this reporter predicts that
very soon the President will take
his case direct to the people over
the heads of congress.
It is obvious that the heavy re
sponsibilities and duties involved in
his job are already wearing on Pres
I ident Truman. He realizes that our
| economic security rests largely upon
him. Upon his shoulders hangs 'he
success or failure of the United Na
tions organization for world peace
and co-operation. What this nation
does, both at home and abroad, will
affect, for good or ill, the fate of
many other nations and the lives of
many millions of people, as well as
settle our own destiny, for richer or
poorer, here at home, perhaps for
many generations to come.
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NAACP monthly meeting at
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J December 16th.
Paxton hotel head waiter and
crew always in the front line on
service.
Omaha Club waiters with Capt.
Earl Jones on the improve at all
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Boys look out for the cham
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January 1, 1946, and how...
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S.’SgtmL. P. Lewis
IP rites From...
the PAGIFiC
I’LL ALWAYS LOVE YOU
For two years Calcutta had
been his home, and those years
were made pleasurable by a small
charming and talented young In
dian gril. Many days were spent
enjoying the sports and affairs of
occasion that the social Calcutta
had to offer. They were always
together, at parties, dances, or
dinners where the two of them
were alone.
She knew that they couldn't ev
er be married. Government dif
ferences, Religion, and their thots
only were in accord as far as their
love was concerned. He loved her
yes, she truthfully believed that,
and believing, she made those two
years pass so very fast, to her and
to him. They loved without shame
without strings attached, and
they knew that it must end, once
the war was over. Facing it now,
a reality, they were not prepared.
Standing here now, she seemed
so small, compared to his tower
ing height. Arms entwined a
round each other, not wanting to
ever let go; knowing that the
whistle would soon be heard by
the both of them, tearing them a-,
part, forever. No words passed
from their lips, not even a whis
per. Afraid to let each other go,
clinging so hopelessly, helplessly,
and knowing that there would be
no world to come for them, but
years of longing, wanting and not
finding.
Finally, and very softly, he
spoke, ‘‘My Darling, I didn’t think
it could ever be like this, our love,
our being eogether. You have
given me life where I have known
no life; you have given, without
thought for yourself or your fu
ture, and, believe me my Dearest
Love, there is no way that I can
ever repay you.”
Tears slowly formed in her eyes
but the enchantment of their love
liness, never dulled. Her trembl
ing body suddenly relaxed, as if
to give way to the pain in her
heart, tearing her very soul. Try
ing desperately to answer, words
failed her as she murmured, “My
Dearest, Dearest, Darling.”
Somewhere from a distance a
whistle was heard, and knowing
that thfs was the end, they step
ped back from each other as if
driven apart by a flash of lightn
ing. Taking one last look at her
beautiful face, and, as if, afraid to
look at her loveliness again, he
turned sharply, walking straigh
and fast up the gangplank. No
going back now, it was over, all
over.
Her tear strained eyes followed
him. Eyes that had brightened
with joy so often at his coming.
Smiling through her tears, wav
ing weakly to him, panic took hold
of her. She stumbled, running af
ter him, and then crumbled in a
broken mass of tortured flesh
upon the ground, exhausted, from
the heart-ache, the emptiness.
Struggling to rise again, her lips
moved, but only she kne./ what
they nttcied, so painfully. Trying
to smile again, but un-*bio because
of the terror in her heart, in her
soul. She whispered, as if to her
self, “I’ll always love you,” and
fainting, fell to the earth.
It might have happened, Don’t
1 <>u think so. ?
As Ever —
Lawrence P. Lewis.
^ A group of the 132 full time students enrolled in the Atlanta University
School of Social Work for the first semester of the 1945-46 session.
Are YouKeepingUpwiththeTimes?
Read the Greater Omaha Guide!
Ready for Title Go
Corp. Billy Conn, left, m* '•/Set
Buddy Baer, as they met at Camp
Lee, Va., separation point for dis
charge from army. Both announced
their intention of re-entering the
ring.
Manager Grimm
Manager Charlie Grimm of the
Chicago Cubs shouts encourage
ment during the last game which
determined the league champions.
Pearl Harbor Quiz
Former Attorney General William
D. Mitchell, 71-year-old New York
attorney, who has been appointed as
counsel for the Pearl Harbor in
vestimating committee.
r-“—
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