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/JUSTICE/EQUALITY
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^ ^ "Largest Accredited Negro Newspaper West of Chicago and North of KC•^ ^ -O ^
~ , _ 0 - 0,, -KT A A . „ . Entered as 2nd class matter at Post- oftice. Omaha, Nebr., Under Act of
Saturday, Dec. 8, 1945 Our 18th Year,—No. 44 ★ 10c Per Copy ★ March 8, 1874. Publishing Off.ces at S420 Grant Street, Omaha, Nebr.
Weekly Feature Launched To Promote Race Harmony
+ Every Week, we shall present “Our Guest Column,” a non- profit service of the American Press Associates devoted to furthering
group understanding. —
Edited by Ema P. Harris, noted journalist, our new weekly column will feature prominent guest contributors who will review current
developments on the minority group front and suggest local and nationwide action. Coming soon as guest columnists Eire Pearl S. Buck,
A. Philip Randolph, George S. Schuyler, Dr. Ira De Reid, Rev. How ard Kestcr, Elmo Roper and other leaders in the fight for equality.
OMAHA GUIDES PLATFORM SLOWLY BEING FULFILLED
Gaines T. Bradford Appointed Secretary
for New YMCA Setup for Northside Area
•- ' ' ' .. A’i'i
OUR
GUEST
Column
(Edited by Erna P. Harris)
»»*
THE INCONSISTENCY
OF PREJUDICE
by JAMES B. CAREY,
Secretary-Treasurer, Congress
of Industrial Organizations;
Chairman, National CIO Com
mittee to Abolish Racial Discrim
ination.
i •**
The first count in any indict
ment of prejudice must be a
charge of inconsistency. That is
why prejudice is absurd. The
prejudiced man setups a two-way
stream of hatred. The prejudice
he sends out comes back against
him, often with compound inter
est. The very discrimination he
inspires leaves him with no de-.
fense when it is applied against
himself.
That is why we in the CIO in
sist at every level that no mem
ber or group of members will be
permitted to employ against oth
er members economic and polit
ical sanctions that deny a major
union principle. Unions, in the
first and last analysis, are organ
ized to fight discrimination; for
it is from discriminatory practic
es that injustices of all sorts and
descriptions stem, whether or not
the specific instance concerns
wages or hours or other working
conditions. If a union tolerates
discrimination between and am
ong members, it weakens its own
case in its dealings with the em
ployer and the community as well.
There is, unfortunately, a tend
ency on the part of some enthus- J
iastic opponents of prejudice to
weaken their own case by dragg
ing the vague concept of “social
equality” into the discussions.
Their error lays them open to^
criticism which in many cases has J
some justification. To inject soc-1
ial equality into a vigorous cam-!
paign for economic and political
9
equality weakens the whole struc
ture. The elements are entirely
unlike. Economic and political
questions are decided by groups;
only the individual is cloaked
with the right to pick and choose
his social acquaintances.
Persons who come together in
economic, political, religious and
ethnic groups do so because of
interests common to all in the
group with them. Common sense
and common decency require that
they must not resolve a group in
terest in a particular field by their
interests arising in another field.
Least of all can they resolve a
group interest in terms of social
relationships which, as I have said
before, are a purely individual
matter.
All human beings have among
their rights the right to choose
their friends on the social scene.
None can be required, for instance
to receive into or bar from his
home any other individual. But
the exercise of that right is ex
tremely limited. Any attempt by
any individual to apply his indiv
idual social rights to the comm
unity, to a public conveyance, to a
place of business, or to any group
to which he may belong or be eli
gible, cannot be justified. His re
course is self-isolation; he eannot
isolate others. *
We in the organized labor move
NO IT IS NOT L. A?
IT IS S. F. C.!
Dr. Craig Morris who left our
city for Los Angeles, Calif., says
that he is not remaining in L.A.
but a week. From there he will
go to San Francisco where he
will establish his home and busi
ness.
AT PEARL HARBOR HEARING
Washington, DC. Soundphoto —
Joseph G. Grew, Under Secretary
of Stat^, and U. S Ambassador to
Tokyo from 1392 until after Pearl,
Harbor attack, took the stand last
week before the joint congression
al hearing on Jap sneak attack.
He told the Committee he had no'
knowledge that secret Japanese |
diplomatic messages were being j
intercepted and decoded in Wash
ington. Photo shows Mr. Grew on
the stand.
1
ment must accurately define eco
nomic and political inequalities
and bitterly fight them. We must
overlook none of the enemy. For
example, we have had much de
nunciation of Senator Bilbo, every
word of it justified. Meanwhile,
other opponents of economic and
political equality have been deep
ening their foxholes. They must
be routed out. It is a hard fight
but progress is being made. Let's
get on with the job.
‘‘Note to readers: Let our guest
contributors tell you about this
progress. Watch for Pearl S.
Buck, A. Philip Randolph, Lester
B. Granger, Rep. Charles La Fol
lette, Elmo Roper and other out
standing leaders in this space ev
ery week.
-APA
GOOD READING
every week
★ The GREATER
Omaha Guide
On Sale at Your
Local Drugstore.
THE YAHCEEJ
"JESSE
J.C.
ai\o ,
junioR*
‘‘$??!?Polio”('amPaiffn Swing into High Gear
n
BRUCE BARTON TELLS
AMERICANS WHY THEY
SHOULD INVEST IN BONDS
“I have heard people sigh at
word of the Victory Loan Camp
aign, and say, ‘I suppose I have to
buy another bond. But I don’t see
how I can afford it.’
"This is just like saying, 'I sup
pose I really ought to «tavt. sav
ing boney, but it’s an awful expen
sive thing to do!’
“The fact is, of course, that you
don’t buy bonds. As W. B. Bach
man, a Detroit writer, forcefully
pointed out the other day, the
speakers on the radio and the pos
ter artists and the advertising)
writers have been using the wrong,
word for four long years. They
have been asking the public to do
something that is impossible. You
can’t spend money on bonds. You
simply take them. They cost you
nothing. My E bonds are nothing
but certificates showing that the j
Barton family has made a deposit
in the U. S. Treasury instead of in j
a bank or a cookie jar. When we j
take an E bond, we transter a
bank deposit to the safest deposit
ory in the world—the U. S. Treas
ury. We put in non-interest notes
and we get an interest-bearing
note as our deposit slip!
"To take a bond—note that word
"take”—is still a patriotic act.
That alone is inducement enough
for any American. Just as your
money in the bank pays for loans
and investments and all the bank's
manifold activities, so your money
in the U. S. Treasury helps to care
for the wounded, to end war con
tracts, to maintain armies of oc
cupation, to bring home returning
fighters, to prevent inflation. Your
bonds brought about the mighty a
tomic blasts that put a period to
this war. Your bonds today are
returning flesh to the bones of
those who survived wounds or
pri soncamp torture—of Wain
wright, of Boyington, of unknown
thousands of our men who played
their own gallant parts in the tot
al defeat of our enemies.
“I remember reading the typic
al experience of George Lott,
whose arms were shredded by a1
mortar on the Lorraine front.
From his battalion aid station,
Lott was transported 4,500 miles
in easy stages, by ambulance,
train and plane. He passed thru
three field dressing stations and
five hospitals in France and Eng
land before being returned to the
United States for final treatment
and recovery. Your bonds paid
for the care of all the George
Lotts of this war.
“And yet you can count on get
ting back $4 for every $3 you put
in!
“So get bonds today—get them
regularly—and hold on to them,
that is about as close as you are
likely to come in this life to hav
ing your cake and eating it too.”
NEBRASKA T-B ASSN.
CHRISTMAS SEAL GOAL
FOR OMAHA IS $40,000
The Nebraska Tuberculosis As
sociation announced that the 1345
Christmas Seal Sale goal for the
state of Nebraska is $125,000. and
the goal for the city of Omaha,
540,000. This represents a slight
ncrease over the $122,800, and the
$33,000 raised in the state and
city respectively in 1944. The As
sociation announces that the ad
ditional sum is needed this year
for increased efforts to rid Nebra;
ka of a disease which last year
took the life of 198 Nebraskans.
Association officials report that
returns have been coming in nice
ly since the Seal Sale opened on
November 19. Today’s figure of
$9,092.54. from Omaha, represents
an increase of $3.33 over the $9,
089.21 received at this point in the
sale last year. Since Seal Sales
SISTER ELIZABETH KENNY FOUNDATION. " !
423 Omaha Loan & Building Assn. Bldg.
Omaha, Nebraska .
- , i
I want to help in the good wo^k that Sister Kenny is doing
aiding infantile paralysis victim?.
Enclosed is my contribution for $
Name
Street ..
.. i
Town ... ...State . j
(Plealt Print Name)
V.-—
over the state are conducted by
County committees, no figures on
state receipts are yet available.
The association also announces
that Mr. James L. Paxton, Jf., is
Special Gifts Chairman again this
year. Serving in this capacity
last year, Mr. Paxton raised the
special gifts total well above that
of previous years.
VIRGINIA JIM CROW TRAVEL
LAW TO U.S. SUPREME COURT
Washington, DC—At last a
clear case to test the Jim Crow j
travel laws of southern states
which segregate interstate pas
sengers on interstate carriers is
before the United States Supreme
Court.
Chief Justice Harlan F. Stone
on November 19 signed an order
allowing the appeal of Irene Mor
gan from the judgment of the Su
preme Court of Virginia affirm
ing her conviction of violation of
the Jim Crow transportation sta
tute of Virginia. The case came
up on direct appeal instead of pe
tition for writ of certiorari be
cause the appeal challenged the
constitutionality of the statute in
Virginia.
Irene Morgan, on July 16, 1944,
was a passenger on a Greyhound
bus from Closter county, Virginia
to Baltimore, Maryland. When the J
bus arrived in Saluda, Virginia,;
defendant was requested to move
back to the rear of the bus. She
was arrested and charged with
violation of the Virginia statute
requiring segregation of passen
gers, and on October 18. 1944, was
convicted and fined $10.
Her case was promptly appealed
to the Supreme Court of Virginia
on a writ of error, and on June 6,
1945, her conviction was affirmed
by that court which held that the
Virginia statute was constitution
al and applied to interstate as well
as local passengers. A motion for
rehearing was promptly filed and
was denied by the Supreme Court
in September, 1945.
The United States Supreme
Court, in the case of Hall vs. De
Cuir, in 1877, held that the local
statute in Louisiana prohibiting
segregation of passengers did not,
apply to interestate passengers.1
The only other cases to reach the
highest court since that time have
been cases on the question of the
equality of provisions for segrega
tion of passengers. The Irene
Morgan case is the first which
clearly challenges the validity of
segregation statutes as applied to
passengers in interstate commerce
and on interstate carriers.
NAACP lawyers representing
Miss Morgan are Judge William
H. Hastie, chairman of the Nat
ional legal committee, Leon A.
Ransom and Spotswood W. Robin
son, III. members of the national
legal committee, and Thurgood
Marshal, NAACP Special Counsel.
The case has the full cooperation
of both the State Conference of
Branches of Virginia and the na
tional office of the NAACP.
HONOLULU CLUB SENDS
$100 FOR WILLKIE BLDG.
New York—The Interracial club
of Pearl Harbor in Honolulu has
sent a contribution of $100 to the
NAACP toward the Wendell Wiil
kie Memorial building. The club
was organized three months ago
with the avowed purpose of fight
ing discrimination, segregation an
their attendant evils. Fleming H.
Waller, is president; Frank L.
Binns, Jr., secretary; and Charles
T. Mackey, treasurer.
NAACP POLLS AIRLINES
ON JOBS FOR PILOTS
—
New York—Jobs for Negro pil
ots and ground crew members
now being released by the Army
Air Force are being sought by the
NAACP which is conducting a poll
of all domestic airlines on their
employment policies, it was ann- j
ounced here last week.
"We are making inquiry," said
the letter, “whether you have for
mulated any plans, or contemp
lated doing so, regarding the use
of trained Negro aviation person
nel. While most Negro fliers were
fighter pilots, a good number were
trained in the operation of multi
engined aircraft, including navi
gation and radio.”
Pointing out that many colored
men had served in aircraft main
tenance units and had serviced
four-engined bombers in some ar
eas, Walter White, who signed the
letter, wrote:
“One of the questions most fre
quently and anxiously asked me
by Negro fliers and ground crew
members on my trips as a war
correspondent to Europe and the
Pacific was whether an opportun
ity to use their training and ex
perience would be given them by
commercial airlines after the war”
CAPITAL TRANSIT JOB BIAS
SQUARELY UP TO WHITE
HOUSE NAACP
Washington, DC—Authority to
enforce a policy of non-discrimin
ation in jobs in the Capital Tran
sit company here “rests directly
and exclusively in your hands dur
ing the period of government
seizure,’’ President Truman was
told last week by the NAACP. The
telegram of Nov. 28, backing up
one of Nov. 23, follows:
“On November 23 we telegraph
ed you urging that pursuant to
your authority incident to seizure
of the Capital Transit Company
you make provision for removal
discriminatory policy Capital
Transit Company in refusing to
employ qualified Negroes. We
are advised that the operation of
Capital Transit Company is to be
returned to owners without any
action by you toward enforcement
your Executive Order prohibiting
discrimination in employment be
cause of race or color. Authority
to enforce your Executive Order
rests directly and exclusively in
your hands during period of gov
ernment seizure. It is clear that
opportunity is present for you to
demonstrate to United States and
world at large your intention and
the determination of our govern
ment to protect rights of all min
ority groups in keeping with Con
stitution, laws and Executive Or
ders our country as well as prin
ciples estob’- • - - • "->:ted Nat
ons Charter.'
SORORITY BECOMES LIFE
MEMBER OF NAACP.
New York—Sigma Gamma Kho
sorority through Mrs. Hattie M.
Ted Metcalfe, Nebraska Chair
man of the Sister Kenny Cam
paign, announced that a three
story addition and modernization
of the world famous Kenny Insti
tute is planned to start early in
1946.
Metcalfe made the announce
ment as the campaign swings in
to high gear in Nebraska with the
hope that citizens of Nebraska
give its share in the $5,000,000 na
tionwide goal. Half of the money
raised in Nebraska will remain in
the local fight against polio and
eventually establish local Sister
Kenny Clinics
Already the Kenny institute is
the largest hospital in the world
devoted exclusively to the treat
ment of infantile paralysis victims
and the only institution where the
complete Kenny concept and treat
ment is tanght.
Metcalfe urged various service
and civic clubs, such as Lions,
Kiwanis, Rotary, Cosmopolitan,
Commercial Club, Junior Cham
ber of Commerce, American Le
gion or other organizations get
behind the campaign and solicit
funds in the fight against-the crip
pling disease, Polio.
“It’s our chance to io something
in the fight against this dreaded
disease, and remember that our
giving makes it possible for some
child to walk,” continued Metcalfe.
All contributions should be
mailed to the state office. Sister
Kenny Foundation, 422 Omaha
Loan & Building Assn., Bldg., 15th
and Dodge Sts., Omaha, Nebraska
or to this paper.
Redford, Gr. Tam, of Indianapolis,
has become the newest life mem
ber of the NAACP by paying the
final installment on its $500 life
membership.
Another new life member is Ike
Smalls of Des Moines, Iowa, presi
dent of the Iowa Branches of the
NAACP, who sent his check for
$400 for the balance due.
NAVY WILL PROBC
MARYLAND JIM CROW
New York—An investigation
the reported segregation of Negro
personnel and their visitors on
risiting days at the Naval Train
ing Center at Cambridge, Md.,
will be made by the Navy Depart
ment and “appropriate action tak
en”, according to John L. Sulli
van, Acting Secretary of the
Navy.
In a letter to the NAACP Mr.
Sullivan said: “The Department is
anxious to prevent discrimination
gainst any of its personnel.”
SEEKS HONORABLE
DISCHARGE INSTEAD
OF “UNDESIRABLE”
Washington, DC.—The National
Association for the Advancement
of Colored People has been re
quested by Daniel Joseph Hardy,
former seaman first class. United
States Navy Reserve of Brooklyn,
New York, who was discharged
from the Navy as “undesirable’'
on February 9, 1944, to represent
him before the Secretary of Navys
Discharge Review Board.
Mr. Hardy, having served in the
Navy for one year, five months
and 26 dayn, was requested by Lt.
Chaney, his commanding officer
to offer suggestions for the bet
terment of the men in his outfit.
Mr. Hardy suggested to Lt Chan
ey that more attention should be
paid to the discriminatory prac
tices exhibited against Negro sea
men stationed at Vallejo, Califor
nia. On the following day, while
on liberty in Vallejo, Mr. Hardy
was summoned back to the camp
and thrown in the brig and sum
marily dismissed from the service
as being “undesirable”, first be
cause the officer stated that he
had a threatening attitude toward
those who are his immediate su
j with USO Closing, Building
Sought for Northside YMCA
Gaines T. Bradford, former newspaperman and employee of The
Omaha Guide, and a World War II veteran, has been appointed YMCA
Secretary for the near North Side and has begun work, W. H. Mead.
YMCA general secretary announced Wednesday.
This, Mr. Mead said, is another step toward the completion of the
YMCA program for complete City coverage by areas. Mr. Bradford
will be responsible for the area from Cuming Street to Bedford Aven
ue and from 30th street to the river.
If the North Side USO building can be obtained for community use
it is possible headquarters may be placed there.
The committee under which Mr. Bradford will work includes J. F.
Berner, chairman; Lothardt Jensen, Ralph Adams, Charles Adams, tne
Rev. E. B. Childress and A1 Kennedy.
The USO at 24th and Grant Sts. j
has closed permanently.
The YMCA. has purchased all
fixtures, which were located in the
building.
The Omaha Guide called Mr.
Mead who is secretary of the down
town YMCA. At the time he ans
wered the phone he was in confer
ence with a group of citizens who
were interested in improving re
ligious environment in this section
of the city, trying to devise means
to open a Northside Branch YM
CA.
Mr. Mead said to the Omaha
Guide that he had no definite in
formation as to what was going to
be done to this date. But that the
committee was working hard on
what was going to be done.
But that as soon as they had
completed their job he would be
glad to give us a call.
It looks as if we will have a
Northside YMCA. after all.
LET US HOPE, and get behind
any effort to further along this
hope.
— —
periors and that he exhibited a
bad influence on the morale of his
associates because he was ‘‘spread
ing propaganda prejudicial to the
Naval Service and stirring up
racial prejudices.”
Mr. Hardy was represented be
fore the Secretary of Navy’s Dis
charge Review Board by Jesse O.
Dedmon, Jr., Secretary of Veter
ans’ Affairs of the NAACP. in an
attempt to get this discharge
changed from ‘undesirable” to
“honorable.”
NAACP YOUTH WILL HEAR
WILBERFORCE PRESIDENT
Wilberforce, O... President Char
les H. Wesley of Wilberforce will
deliver the keynote address of the
7th annual youth conference of
the NAACP here December 27.
The conference will run througn
December 30, and it is expected to
attract more than 200 delegates.
William T. McKnight, 2d., will be
among the other speakers, outlin
ing to young people the picture in
the employment field. Mr. Me
Knight was formerly regional dir
ectional of the FEPC with head
quarters in Cleveland.
COMPENSATION ASKED
IFOR DOMESTIC WORKERS
New York—Governor Thomas
E. Dewey, of New York, was urg
ed last week to recommend to the
1946 legislature passage of a bill
which would give domestic work
ers the benefit of workmen's com
pensation.
Stating that it is "imperative
that domestic workers be protec
ted, Walter White, NAACP sec
retary asked the Governor to
make a strong appeal in his an
nual message to the 1946 legisla
ture.
900,000 NAACP CHRISTMAS
SEALS OUT
New York—Up to November 30
900,000 NAACP Christmas Seals
had been distributed for sale thru
out the country, it was announced
by Madison S. Jones, Jr., in charge
of the nation-wide sale from NA
ACP headquarters. Largest ord
ers have been placed by the West
Coast Regional office of the NA
ACP in San Francisco (100,000);
Detroit, Mich. (100,000 ); and Bal
timore, Md. (50.000).
I
! -
“Me... I’m staying
in the Army! ,
★
THERE ARE PLENTY ^
OF REASONS . . .
AND HERE THEY ARE!”
1 “First, I keep my present grade.
* That means a lot.
0 “By reenlisting for 3 years I
” can pick my own branch of
service in the Air, Ground or
Service Forces, and can go to any
overseas theater I wish.
0 “I get my mustering-out pay,
* even though I’m reenlisting.
Also, I get $50 a year reenlistment
bonus for each year I’ve been in
the Army. My dependents receive
family allowances for the full term
of my enlistment. And I’ll be
eligible for GI Bill of Rights bene
fits when I get out of the Army.
4 “My food, clothes, quarters,
* medical and dental care are all
supplied to me. And I can learn
• any of 200 skills or trades in the
Army schools.
C “All of us who are reenlisting
w are going to have from 30 to
90 days’ furlough at home with
full pay and our travel paid both
ways. And we’ll have 30 days’ fur
lough every year with pay.
C “Any time after 20 years 1
" can retire at half pay increas
ing year by year to three-quarters
retirement pay after 30 years of
service. And the time I’ve already
served in active military or naval
service counts toward ray retire
ment time. Added up—re,enlist
ment seems pretty sound to me!”
JANUARY 31, 1946
AN IMPORTANT DAT!
FOR MEN IN THE ARMY
MEN now in Army who reenlist
before February 1 will be reen
listed in present grade. Men hon
orably discharged can reenlist
within 20 days after discharge
in grade held at time of dis
charge, provided they reenlist
before February 1, 1946.
You may enlist AT ANY TIME
for 1 2 or 3 year periods.
(One-year enlistments for men
now in the Army with at least
6 months of service.)
PAY PER MONTH
ENLISTED MEN
In Addition to Food, Lodging,
Clothes and Medical Care
★
(a)—Plus 20% Increase for
Service Overseas. ( b) —Plus
50% if Member of Flying
Crews, Parachutist, etc. (c)
—Plus 5% Increase in Pay
for Each 3 Years of Service.
★ ★★★★★★★★★★*
" " " " ---1*
MONTHLY
Storting , “EI'?EMENT
Jose Fay INCOME AFTER:
Fer 20 Years' 30 Years'
Master Sergeant Mont* Service Service
or First Sergeant $138.00 $89.70 $155.25
Technical Sergeant 114.00 74.10 128.25
Staff Sergeant . . 96.00 62.40 108.00
Sergeant .... 78.00 50.70 87.75
Corporal .... 66.00 42.90 74.25
Private First Cass . 54.00 35.10 60.75
Private .... 50.00 32.50 56.25
★ ★ ★ ★ + + + + + + + + + +
SEE THE JOB THROUGH
U. S. ARMY
BE A
"GUARDIAN OF VICTORY”
AIR, GROUND, SERVICE FORCES
MENU ST NOW AT YOUR NEAREST
U. S. ARMY RECRUITING STATION
1516 Douglas St.
Omaha, Neb.