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About The Omaha guide. (Omaha, Neb.) 1927-19?? | View Entire Issue (Nov. 24, 1945)
•• *■*.... ■- ■ ■' 1 ■■ .... - 1" ' -— ■- — Serves Delightful Thanksgiving Dinner A most delightful Thanksgiving dinner was served by Mr. an<j Mrs. j Harry (lamer at 2215 North 2!*th Street, overs were laid for five. Mrs. Victory Turner of 2817 Mi ami streetj Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Smith of 2715 North 2Sth ave., Mrs. Garner brought in a 15 pound Tur. ★ ★ key. pies, cake> rollnj ice cream, cof fee and many other good things to feast upon. Everyone enjoyed themselves in a solemn, quiet and peaceful manner. Mrs. Garner is a real cook and entertainer and all wished for more such Thanksgi ing days to come. ★ I-1 I_I Sounder Education Needed To Maintain Free World Economics and Geography Among Studies Required to Ground Students in the Problems at Home and Abroad. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, I6!« Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. (This Is the first of two articles on the subject of the “new reconver sion.") In the last two months the public has learned a lot about the impor tance of industrial reconversion. For many more months, business men, with the help of the best technical advice they could obtain, have been preparing to shift from wartime to peacetime production. Government has shared the knowledge of its ex perts and proffered its co-operation. Labor has contributed its sugges tions. All three know what they want. Together they hope to obtain a successful synthesis. But what many people do not real ize is that the nation, the whole world, for that matter, is facing an other reconversion problem, equally as difficult to solve, equally as im portant to achieve. It is the recon version of our whole educational sys tem, and upon its success depends the political future of democracy and its economic future as well, as embodied in the theory and out working of free enterprise. It is no exaggeration to say that our current educational system, which along with our wartime in dustrial system made Allied victory possible, is no more adapted to meet the new and startling problems of the postwar world than the Japanese defense could meet the atomic bomb. Enlightened educators everywhere realize this. In a short time experts will meet in London to work out a program outlined in San Francisco fry the men and women who planned the. educational and cultural coun cil of the United Nations. Here at home and in other democratic coun tries, domestic educational policies are being reshaped to meet the new conditions. Education for world freedom is an important objective; education for freedom in the land of the free is equally important, for it is the foun dation stone of world democracy. We have the task of reconverting our own antiquated machinery so that it will be geared to produce and maintain freedom. The United Nations' task is to build new ma chinery which "will evolve a prod uct which must displace the Nazi Fascist teachings which still have their hold on a large segment of the population. Our own product must be both a weapon of offense and of defense. We have a powerful example in the need for this in the demonstrat ed strength of the Nazi ideology and the weakness of what we have so far produced to combat it. Nazi Propaganda Remains Strong A report made public only a week or two ago reveals how “Naziism at its blackest,” as the report describes it, is being kept alive in a series of "resistance clubs" in Germany scat tered from the North sea to the Ba varian mountains. Allied investiga tors have pieced together an appal ling picture of a widespread activity based upon race hatred, and other Nazi principles with which the Ger man youth has been so thoroughly indoctrinated in a manner pointed out in these columns some time ago and which I then said must be dealt with eventually. The offense^ is powerful, and the weakness of our defense is illustrat ed in recent dispatches telling us how Nazi propaganda is affecting the viewpoint of the American army of occupation. A major is reported as doubting the truth of the atrocity stories in the concentration camp of Dachau located only a few miles from where he was stationed. Amer ican soldiers are heard parroting the familiar Goebbels’ fabrication that Germany was forced into the war; that Hitler had his faults but was really great in many respects, or if Hitler’s glory is found to be too strong a goat he is used as a scape goat to excuse German war guilt. I have just come from a long talk with one of America's great educa tors, John Studebaker, United States Commissioner of Education. It was he who introduced me to the phrase, “the new reconversion.” "Our democratic system is threat ened from within and without,” he said to me earnestly. “The Amer ican school gave our polyglot nation the solidarity to carry on the war successfully. But,” he added, “we have severe tests ahead. We must educate for freedom, and educate for existence in a newly integrated world of which we are an integral part. We must understand our own problem and the problems of oth ers.” I couldn’t help applying this the ory to the stories from Germany. A thorough understanding of democ racy is proof against Nazi propagan da. An understanding of other peo ples and events beyond our borders which affect us—as the rise of Hitler and Mussolini affected us—would make us deaf to German prevarica tions and excuses. In order to meet the threats against democracy from within and from without, Mr. Studebaker be lieves, with most of his colleagues, that our present educational system will have to be thoroughly renovat ed. “Both the plant and the product must be remodeled,” he says. He chose two subjects—geography and economics—as examples of how the product must be altered. Knowledge of Conditions Vital Geography is important because it is a study of the world in which we live. It is a study of the peoples who live in the world—of our very near, thanks to jet propulsion and atomic energy, if not always very dear neighbors. Geography is also the study of the pursuits, the indus tries of the people of the world. Its grasp is essential if we are to bring intelligent thought to judgment of events and the conditions at home and abroad and their effect upon each other and upon us. "And yet, geography was never taught to our people,” Mr. Studebak er says. “We stop teaching it at the eighth grade. The younger children, from three to eight, are taught by teachers who themselves never had more than eighth grade instruction in the subject.” And his second example of one of our educational products which must be strengthened, economics, "belongs still less to the people.” Only 5 per cent of the high school pupils ever studied economics, he in formed me, and only 5 per cent of these ever learned anything about international trade. “How can we possibly meet the problems arising now if we do not understand this subject? How can we possibly maintain free enterprise if w'e cannot pass a considered judg ment on the questions that the pa pers are full of every day? How can a person say whether a wage in crease is fair if he has never studied the simplest theories of supply and demand, or the more complicated relations of wages, costs, profits?” And in the international field, he continued, how could a person who had never learned the fundamentals of international trade know whether a tariff was justified, whether a car tel was dangerous, whether certain foreign business activities benefitted the people as a whole, whether free competition or government subsidy was a better policy? How could they advise their congressman to vote on the Bretton Woods agree ment, or the policy of foreign loans? Just as geography suffers because its teaching ends before maturity is reached (maturity in this sense is the 15-16 year group, roughly high school age), economics is begun too late. It is offered as a one-year, high school course and boiled down into such a concentrated potion that not oniy are vital elements omitted (such as international trade) but it becomes a dry and highly abstruse subject. Furthermore, since it is often an elective (a subject I'll touch on in a later article), it may be omit ted entirely because it is “hard.” These two subjects are only two examples of those which should, in Mr. Studebaker's opinion, make up a solid “core” of education avail able to all. "This core,” he says, “is essential if we are to build solidarity in a democratic society. A certain group of vital, basic subjects which will help us understand the problems that threaten democracy, the down to-earth facts necessary to give us the basis for a sound faith in our way of life.” BARBS . . . by Baukhnge They’ve just made a film about teachers—for the children's sake let's hope they don't get a film about pupils. It might result in more Spankings than a bad report card. A new process of canning in alu minum for highly sensitive ma chines and parts saves warehousing —and we hope it will make more new jobs than w ill be lost by dis placed w arehoust :iiea. There v^pn’t be enough oysters this year to supply the demand. Prob ably the war took too many shells. An eye-bank is ‘being establishes the purpose of which is to make available healthy corneal tissue to restore sight to those who are blind through an affliction of the cornea The system is, similar to the blood banks and no less valuable. I wish they would establish a hair-bank RAY ROBINSON IN COAST BOUT New York (CNS) Ray Robinson has agreed to meet either Chester Slider or Paulie Peters in a San j Francisco war bond show December 17th, according to (Jus Wilson, Robinson has been offered a $12,500 | guarantee. IS COM'^G h ERIC HASS Ud~4U~ WEEKLY PEOPLS Released by Calvin’* New* Service For 188 years America has been conspicuous a mong all the nations for its deep repugnance for militarism. Distrust of the professional soldier is one of the best and noblest of Americap traditions, and this tradition is unquestionably the most form idable obstacle to the Administration’s plans for enacting peacetime conscription. The schemers in the War Department know this, hence are making a prodigious effort to “sell” compulsory military training and are making for it a variety of exagger ated claims. Last week we examined three. Here are three more: 1. That compulsory training tends to discipline youth. But America is a political democracy, and the kind of discipline taught through military training is alien to the exercise of political democratic rights Military training is unquestioning and unthinking obedience. This is the sort of discipline expected of a citizen of a totalitarian State. It is at war with and utterly rejugnant to, democraic principles. z. Tna compulsory training ennances democrat ic institutions. On the contrary, because militarism is, itself, au thoritarian, it has only contempt for democracy. In every country where conscription has been permit ted to flourish, the militarists have sought by means ranging from insidious pressure on educators and legislators to forcible intervention, to create society after its own image. Moreover, the training itself exults anti-democratic methods. As the quasi official organ of the armed services, the ARMY and NAVY REGISTER, put it: ‘“—to speak of ‘democracy of life in the ranks’ is the most utter flap-doodle anyone ever enunciated .Any mass effort where one is endowed with sole responsibility and given full authority.is hardly democratic.” Actually, capitalist militarism faithfully reflects the most anti-democratic features of capitalist con ! ditions. This is most conspicuous in the pattern of race relations which have developed in American 1 military organizations. Jim Crow rules officially : in only a few of the states of the United States. Yet 1 throughout the military establishment segregation , is the rule. Thus, the services become, in practice, a machine for disseminating the racial dogma of “white supremacy”. To white youth, drafted for training under the proposed compulsory system, the brand of “inferior” that the services put upon Negroes will inevitably have the effect of swelling racial pride and engendering arrogance. Far from enhancing democratic institutions, mil itarism is fated to destrov democracy. 3. That compulsory training is not a menace to labor. If Negroes, as Negroes, have reason to resist the rise of militarism, they have even more reason to resist it as workers. In every capitalist nation in the world, militarism, and the military caste it in vitably creates, has repeatedly intervened against the workers in their struggle against their exploit ers, supporting the tyranny of capital directly and indirectly. This is true even of such “model” mil itary establishments as that of Switzerland. Indeed, the Swiss conscript army, which has not been called upon in a hundred years to repel an invader, has been used scores of times to break strikes. Of course .armies recruitel on a voluntary basis have also intervened on the side of employers in economic conflicts. In countries which repudiate militarism, however, such interventions are cheek -ed by public opinion. On the other hand,-the mili tary-mindedness, which sooner or later infects a na tion that has adopted permanent military con scription, insures the wider and more frequent use of the military in this manner. By the very nature of things, objections to even the violent interven tion of troops in capital-labor disputes are less strenuous among a people who are indoctrinated with a military spirit. OHIO CONFERENCE OF BRANCHES URGES VETS' RIGHTS IN SERIES OF RESOLUTIONS Dayton. Ohio At a meeting of the Ohio Conference of Branches of the NAACP, delegates repres enting 29 branches with an ag- j gregate membership of 35,000. met here October 27-28, to adopt a series of strongly-worded reso lutions as blueprints for future j action in dealing with statewide , problems. The s 'eedy e actment of a State Fair Employment Practic es law was urged by the confer ' ence. Each branch was urged to j be on the alert to safeguard the i interests of returning veterans and to assist them in securing their rights in the area of full em plovrr.ent, housing and all other benefits provided by state and federal legislation. Goi 'g a step further on the veterans’ question, the conference asked that “all branches go on . record a3 insisting on complete j integration of patients, doctors dentists, nurses, technicians and administrative person el in all veteran facilities ard that comm ittes be appointed bv every bran ch to visit such hospitals with the purpose of determining their pol :cie~> and practices in this respect and r~~crt same to the National Office.” Another resolution was adopt ed insisting on “the complete and immediate cessation of segrega tion in the armed forces” and urging that “promotion and as signments be made on the basis of merit and ability”. Anent housing and urban re development, a resolution was a dopted deploring "the failure of the Ohio legislature to enact leg islation enabling local communit ies to sponsor public housing and adequate urban redevelopment to eliminate slums and blighted ar eas;” and endorsing and urging “the speedy enactment of the Wagner-Ellender Bill to establish a national housing policy will adequate appropriation to render it affective.” The conference condemned ‘tht increasing practice of local boards of Education throughout the state of establishing and extend ing racial segregation in public schools contrary to the establish ed legislative policy of the state” It also went on record as oppos ing and condemning “all forms of racial segregation or discrimin ation in institutions maintained by public funds.” In its concluding resolution, the' group asked each branch to peti tion their congressmen an! sena tors to actively support the fol lowing pending legislation: Full Employment Bill. Fair Employ TWELVE WOUNDS BUT HE’S RECOVERING—Private First Class Henry Daniels, Americus, Georgia, left, wears only the Asiatic Pacific Ribbon and the Purple Heart . . . and five bayonet wounds, the scars of seven automatic rifle slugs in his arms and shoulders and i hand grenade and shrapnel wounds in his chest ... all from Japanese bayonets and guns on Iwo Jima where he was a member of an avia tion guard squadron. He is recovering at the AAF Regional Con valescent Hospital, Fort George Wright, Washington. Staff Sergeant John Parsons, Toledo, Ohio, in charge of the corrective gymnasium, aids Daniels in his initial attempt to lift a 10 pound dumb-bell in an eecereise designed to call injured arm, shoulders and chest muscles Into play. (U. S. Army Signal Corps photo from BPR.) ment Practice Commission legis lation, amendment of the Fair Labor Standards Act providing for 65-75c per hour minimum wage, abolition of the poll tax, the aWgner-ingell-Murray Social Security bill, the maintenance of post-war price controls, and the anti-lynching bill. The resolutions were signed by the following members of the O hio Conference of Branches: Wil liam Howard, Youngston; Artee Fleming, Akron; ariMan Williams Dayton; Edward Cox, Columbus; Howard Snell, Cincinnati; N. K. Christopher, Cleveland; T. M. Berry, Chairman, Cincinnati. WILL DIRECT PUBLIC RELATIONS FOR UNITED NEGRO COLLEGE FUND Ernest E. Johnson Ernest E. Johnson, former Washington correspondent for the Associated Negro Press, will direct public relations for the United Negro College Fund, Wil liam J. Trent, Jr., Executive Dir ector for the Fund, announced. Mr Johnson returns to New Work after more than two and one half years covering the Na tion’s capital. Although having engaged occasionally in publicity before, he is for the first time en tering the field on a full-time bas is. The new publicity director was born and attended school in New York City, and has written for Negro newspapers for 17 years. He is also a former employe for the City of New York. When former President Edwin Barclay of the Republic of Lib eria paid an official visit to this country in 1943, Mr. Johnson was invited to accompany the party as the only reporter. His pioneer ing activities in behalf of the Ne gro press in the field of foreign affairs soon won for him member ship in the State Department Correspondents Association, a singular distinction. Last February he was sent to London by the Journal and Guide of Norfolk to do special foreign correspondence for that paper. For the past five years he has also writtn special articles for various national magaines on as sorted subjects of current inter est. / Now is the Time to Insulate Your Home CALL... 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The Clause in the Ritual of the Union which is the largest in the AFL restricts membership to white candidates only. Although the same amendment to repeal that clause has been defeated at previous Conventions of the Un ion, it was thought it would likely pass this year because of the new blood injected in the Union during the war years. Many Negroes actually are defacto members of the Union despite the Jim Crow Clause. The margin of 215 votes by which the Amendment was de feated is believed to be the small est since the fight to remove the discriminatory clause began. Support the Victory Loan Drive Buy Victory Bonds. The securities offered in the •Invisible Belt Keeps shirt or blouse tail snug ly tucked in, holds garment up and firm around the waist, $2.25. Money-back guarantee: State waistline: Schneider’s, 3059 St. Mary’s Ave: AT-4171. 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Nebraska, at the County Court Room, in said County on the 4th day of December, 1945 and on the 4th day of February 1946 at 9 o’clock A- M-, each day, for the purpose oi presenting their claims for examination, adjustment and allowance. Three months are allowed for the creditors to present their claims, from the 3rd day of November 1945. ROBERT TROVER, County Judge•' Omaha Guide. 3t begin 11-10-45 end 12-1, 45 W. B. BRYANT Atty. PROBATE NOTICE Bk. 65 P. 464. 1NT THE MATTER OF THE ES TATE OF NELLIE CLARK, De ceased. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN; That the creditors of said deceased will meet the Administratrix of said estate before me, County I Judge of Douglas Coi.ity, Nebraska at the Court Room, in said County. | on the 2nd day of January. 1946 and on the 2n<} day of March, 1946, at 9 o’clock A. M., each day, for the pur pose of presenting their claims for examination, adjustment and allow ance. 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