Inflated Mortgage Values Act To Keep Outdated Housing Intact in the City’s Negro communities
I
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tact in the city’s Negro communit
ies' \yhile millions of dollars which
banks have invested in these mort
gages is, for all practical purposes,
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beyond recovery, according to a sur
vey entitled “The Urban Negro:
Focus of the Housing Crisis,” pub
lished in the Real Estate Reporter
and Building News, leading realty
journal for the Greater New York
Area
Conducted under the joint super
vision of A Coleman Blum and N
R de Mexico, Editor and Editor
ial Associate respectively of the
magazine, the survey revealed there
has been almost no new private
construction in Harlem and other
Negro centers since the 1920's and
that, exclusive of the public and
quasi-public projects, none is con
templated for the future
Prepared as a two-part report,
part one- appearing in the October
issue, stated that: “since these
mortgages are based on the fixtur
es of the land and not the land
value itself, failure to amortize has
forced mortgage holders to keep
land values at exaggerated levels
bv maintaining decrepit buildings
upon the land in the hope of secur
ing some return on invested capital
The cost of land—i tnurn, frighten
ed off prospective builders- The
cost of land—in relation to the eco
nomic status of its occupants and
its surroundings—here represents <•
poor investment.”
The study fixed primary respon
sibility for the depreciation of mar
ginal areas occupied by Negroes on
the landlords who do not exercise
the same selectivity of Negro ten
ants as they would with whites- A
paradoxical situation develops as a
result- The value of a property on
the boundary of the Negro comm
unity decreases, while the actual
revenue from rentals increases
The report said: “As the Negro
community drew nearer and near
er” to a given white residential
zone, “rentals (already reduced be
low the economic base by the with
drawal of wealthier elements among
the tenants) went lower still. The
landlords cut everything in an ef
fort to induce the hites to remain
and. thus, block off the expansion
of the Negro colony.
“But the time inevitably came
when the landlords were financial
ly unable to maintain the drag.
Vacancies in the ‘pure white’ build
ings reached as high as twenty-five
percent, and occupied apartments
(at inducement rentals) failed to
meet operation, maintenance and tax
costs- Periphgrafl Vndlords fftcect
financial ruin- Their decisions had
been made for them
“In an effort to recoup losses
put on the books by long periods of
reduced rentals, landlords let apart
ments to first-ogners among the
Negroes at prices intended to re
establish economical operation of the
buildings. This entailed subsidiz
ing the low rents charged remain
ing white tenants with the revenue
derived from colored occupants of
the buildings. Individual apartment
rents went skyhigh
“At this point the landlords com
mitted their biggest blunder. They
failed to exercise ordinary caution
in selecting tenants- The first Ne
gro to arrive at a renting office
with the first month's rent in hand
was also the first tenant installed
Respecable families found themselv
es living next door to petty racket
eers. saw whites in the same build
ing paid lower rents. Resentment
was taken out in casual disregard
of the landlord's interest in hie
property. Buildings tffterHoratedv"
1 he article cited real estate
"milking” as another factor in Har
lem's exorbitant { rentals- Repott
ing that Harlem apartment house*
were originally built for wealthy
middle-class tenants, the study saifi
building costs were calculated for
high rentals
Mortgages were taken for almost
the full value of the buildings at
the time of their construction 40
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Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelf says:
“Our Freedom Exists In
Theory But Not In Fact
The helplessness of people of the poll tax states to
protest by their votes against acts of public officials
which they disapprove was graphically portrayed by
Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt in her syndicated column, My
Day,” for Tuesday, July 24, 1945
“Two Senators out of 96 kept all their brother
law-makers from voting and during the greatest war in
our history spent a lot of time, which can never be re
covered; just talking against a portion of the Ameri
can people who in their particular states have no way
of acting to remove them from office,” Mrs. Roosevelt
! wrote.
Mrs. Roosevelt asserted that
facing the facts shows that
freedom of religion, and of
political faith, is not an actual
fact in this country.
She pointed out that in the
armed services and in applica
tions for employment a state
ment of religious affiliation is
frequently required. Politi
cians have to face the ques
| tion.
Bigotry Finds a Way
“Having to put down what
religion you belong to some
times subjects a man to dis
crimination if his superiors
are so inclined,” Mrs. Roose
velt observes, and continues:
“So much for freedom of re
ligion, to which in theory, of
course, we all subscribe. Now,
how about our freedom as
American citizens in the eco
nomic and political fields?
“One of the freedoms clearly
stated in the Atlantic Charter
was that people must have
freedom from want. In other
words, we must have economic
freedom. Every human being
must have an equal chance to
i earn a living according to the
opportunities open in his area
of the world.
Race may be bar
“It is true that in this coun
try many strong men have
surmounted all difficulties to
gain high places in our na
tional life and in the economic
world of our country. But
that doesn’t mean that for
every man there is equal op
portunity. Many a man meets
a barrier because of his racial
background or because of his
religior
Are we politically free?
“Lastly, how about our
vaunted political freedom ?
Can we, as long as any state
in our nation exacts a poll tax
from a citizen before he can
participate as a citizen, feel
that we are politically free?
10,000,000 voiceless
“I wonder if seven million
white American citizens and
three million Negro Ameri
can citizens in the South, who
can’t vote because they can
not pay their poll tax, really
agree with some of the things
that were said about our
Negro soldiers in that recent
Congressional filibuster? Two
senators out of 96 kept all
their brother law-makers from
voting, and during the great
est war in our history spent a
lot of time, which can never
be recovered, just talking
against a portion of the Amer
ican people who in their par
ticular states have no way of
acting to remove them from
office."
Plain Talk...
(BY DAN GARDNER)
South Seen Behind
Anti-Negro High
School Strikes
The high school situation in which
white students are striking against
colored classmates resolves itself
into this picture: the white- reac
tionary South is trying to kill mix
ed schools in the North before lib
eral influences force such schools
on the people below the Mason and
Dixon lines. While agitation by
adults in Gary, Indiana, Chicago,
and New Work City has been called
“fascist”, and “Nazis”, the fact re
mains that everything that has hap
pened so far is along the tradition
al anti-Negro line followed by sou
therners in the past- First, the
mind of the white child is “condit
ioned” at home by preachments of
white supremacy doctrines by the
years ago- "On an important num
ber of these buildings,” the survey
said, “none of this indebtness has
yet been amortized. Some haw
been foreclosed by lending institu
tions as many as twelve times, re
sold for the full amount of the
mortgage (for which a new mort
gage is issued) and thre to foui
thousand in cash
“The new owner could readily
perceive his inability to pay off a
mortgage far greater than the value
of his building; set about getting
his original $3-4,000 back, plus
whatever he could take before the
bank again foreclosed- He jacked
rents to the limit, cut operation and
maintenance to the very bone- The
normal depreciation of the building
is accelerated- Real value declines
far below- assessed value (support
ed by mortgage value)- Properties
worth $15,000 are loaded with mort
gages for $50-60,000.”
In progress for the November
issue is a survey of proposed solu
tion to these and other problems of
the Negro communities in New
York
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parents, who learned the theory at
the knee of their parents and so on
back to the first days of slavery in
this country; then the child is sent
to school to talk it over with other
white children who ahve been sim
ilarly indoctrinated- All that is
needed then is for some older per
son to provide the spark to start the
conflagration.
If, the propagandists contend, riot
ing and other disturbances can be
stirred up among white students a
gainst attending classes with color
ed pepils, school boards in such cit
ies as Gary- Chicago and even in
New York City, may be induced to
The atom'c bomb has given rise
to many proghetic speculations as
to the revolutionary changes thal
may occur in our home heating
A pinpoint of uranium is supposed
to contain all the heat energy we
will ever need for a lifetime. The
assumption is that in due time we
r.hail be heating our homes with
atom-splitting bombs, or suns, in
stead of with furnaces.
It is a stimulating thought and !
no objections can be raised against
dreaming about it—but I wouldn’t
advise anyone to delay the installa
! tion of a new furnace in the hope
: of a speedy perfection of atomic
heating. It required the best brains
of the world, many thousands of
scientific workers, and over two
billions of dollars to produce the
atomic bomb — and that’s just the
start. Now comes the even greater
problem of finding out how to
control the atom-splitting process
j for safe, economical domestic use.
So don’t throw away your coal
J shovel prematurely. Rather, make
' it your business to find out what
the leaders in the heating industrj
have developed in the way of new
heating efficiencies and conven
| iences. You will not find any ra
dical departures from the old, but
i you will find refinements and im
| provements such as can save you
j fuel, trouble, and annoyance. For
example, one of these leaders tells
me that their new furnace is so
designed as to do away entirely
with the soot nuisance and waste.
That, indeed, is more to the pres
i ent point than anything imaginary
I in the atomic realm.
Medical Colleges In U. S. Guilty of Race An Religious
Discrimination, Survey Shows
NATIONALLY
FAMOUS DANCER, /
FIRST STARTED DANCING /
LESSONS WHILE ATTENDING/
HUNTER COLLEGE. INTHREE/
YEARS SHE DANCED HER / r
WAY TO FAME.
A COLLEGE GRADUATE,
A CANDIDATE FOR A MASTERS THE FIRST NEGRO;
DEGREE, AWELDER'CLERK* STAFF ANNOUNC!
ATHLETE'TEACHER AND \ FOR A MAJOR
FINALLY A DANCER. \ NEW YORK
RADIO STATION-WMCA" A NOTED ACTOR AND
ASS'T DIRECTOR OF THE AMERICAN NE6R0THEATREL
CAN THEY READ?
[Combat Veterans Are Bitter at Strikes;
Men in Los Angeles Call Tie-Ups Wanton
Special to Th* Ntw yoai: Tim**. V
LOS ANGELES. Oct. 6—The
men who won the peace for the
United States, coming from fox
holes, from ship decks and from
the skies, are coming home to find
their country in the throes of wide
spread strikes and they are bitter
about it.
In a survey in which service men
were selected at random in various
public gathering places they ex
pressed disgust with the situation
in emphatic terms.
Master Technical Sgt. Russell
McCollom of the Marine Corps and
a resident of Chicago, declared:
“These people don’t know what
they’re striking for. What do they
mean ‘52-40 or fight’ ? There was
no overtime pay there. And there
wasn't any forty-hour week. They
were dreary months at low pay in
stead. Is this what we fought for? "
“It looks to me like our Govern
ment is not being operated from
Washington. It looks like it's being
run from the CIO headquarters.”
Chief Yeoman Joe Boyle, a for
mer office worker for the Texaco,
Oil Company here, asked:
“Don’t these strikers know that
what they’re asking for is not a
raise in pay with fewer hours, but
inflation ? Overtime pay, sh£
hours! I would have liked
them with
' enty-four
once, eitl;
torial heat. And there were no
|squawks, either!"
j Pfc. William Howell of Detroit,
'veteran of a year's fighting in
France, Germany, Holland and
Belgium, and who possesses seven
ty-one discharge points, said:
"The strikers and their leaders
have gone too far." It looks to me
'like this unionism thing has be
come a racket now."
“We didn't have any strikes
, where we were," said Pfc. John
Parvin, whose home is on a rural
route near Decatur, Ala. “I think
the returning service men will have
a lot to say about the deal when
they get back home."
Corp. Raymond Maloney of Pitts
burgh of forty-four
monthJ^Bgs-w ^^wearer of the
or two cmi
1I brothers in
mi father and
mi was overseas
t^jtewilders me. j
'people are doing
t all. After all. '
have struck at
at Kwajalein
What would
Steve
Navy
rezone school districts and thereby
create all-Negro and all-white
schools- Chicago, with its huge col
ored population concentrated on the
South Side ranks with Harlem as
ideal territory for such goings on
In fact, for many years white stu
dents living in Negro districts on
Chicago’s South Side, have been
sent to all-Negro schools such as
Wendell Phillips and DuSable High
A rezoning of schools in Harlem
would create overnight the segrega
tion the South and its sympathizers
want to see in the North.
Talk is potent in keeping alive
such dangerous issues- Actual fight
ing, disturbances and riots are
means whereby the whole matter
can be brought to a head, and those
stirring up anti-Negro strikes in
Gary, Chicago and New York well
know it- Such strikes can easily be
instigated in Detroit, Cleevland, Lo»
Angeles, Boston. Philadelphia, Day
ton, and elsewhere and soon the na
tion would awake to find the theory
of the South in complete practice
where it had not been given a full
chance before- There seems, inci
dentally, to be a tendency on the
part of both Negro and white edu
cational leaders to minimize the rac
ial angle in these student demonstra
tions- In an outgreak now current
around New York’s Lower East
Side Metropolitan Vocational High
School, the principal discounts the
racial angle vigorously, as do social
welfare workers in neighborhood
settlement houses- They would pass
it off as indiscriminate pugnacity on
the part of the white “Pike Street
Gang” now terrorizing the 300 odo
r *““1~** “
Negro students attending the Metro
politan Vocational High School,
which has a total enrollment of
2000.
This attitude is dangerous- The
situation must be recognized if it is
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NEW YORK—Systematic discrim
-inationj on racial and religious
grounds, is being enforced by vir
tually every medical school in the
United States, Dr. rank Kingdon.
former President of the University
of Newark and author of many
books on religious, educational and
social affairs, charged here.
In an article. “Discrimination in
Medical Colleges^’ base,j on find
ings of a survey of the medical col
leges in th's country and Canada
ust completed, which appears in
the October American Mercury. Dr.
Kingdon points out that the prin
cipal victims happens to be Jewg
but the undemocratic system also
strikes at other minority groups
j particularly Catholics, Italians and’
• Negroes.
I “While the science of medicine is
making magnificent progress, pre
judice on a voodoo-doctor level pre
vails in the choice of its future
practitioners.Privately the med
ical deans acknowledge that they
apply a ‘quota system’ designed to
keep out minority-group applicants
But not cne of the seventy-eight
Grade-A medical collegeg in the
United States and Canada interro
gated by questionnaire would ad
mit this fact in writing,” he declar
es.
However, evidence of anti-Jewigh
discrimination is overwhelming
writes Dr. Kingdon, and he reports
the following facts revealed by the
survey:
The number of Jewish students in
medical schools has been reduced
by roughly 50% in the last twenty
yearst although annual applicat
ions for entry of Jewish Americans
have not declined.
Of a total of 6,500 students en
rolled annually in medical schools,
only between 500 and 600 are now
1 to be intelligently solved- These
I leaders who have the ear of the au
thorities, both board of education
and the police, should force every
thing out in the open and if there is
a fight on the horizon, be prepared
\ to meet it with every means at their
command- There is a difference be
tween telling a person what he
should do and making him to do it
Law. properly enforced, means the
difference between success and fail
ure, both in the suppression of vio
lence and the adjusting of human
relationships- Thus, the South's at
tempt to hang a haymaker on inter
racial amity in the North through
an insidious invasion of the impress
ionable young white students can be
defeated- Meanwhile it would pav
healthy dividends if something con
crete were done to stop the activit
ies of young Negro street gangs
These “Lost Sheep” may be the
answer to most of the trouble
I Jews.
i
| Every year the medical college,,
I receive Between 35,000 and 40 000
j applications rrom about 14,000 ’in
dividual students. Medical offic
ials estimate that from 35 to 60 per
cent of the applicants_that ig from
5,000 to 7,000—are Jewigh. < Of the
non-Jewish students, gome 6,000
are admitted; of the Jewish ap
plicants. only about 500 get in.
Practically every medical college
asks the applicant for hi« race or
j religion or both.
Dr. Kingdon charges that the fol
lowing medical schools have a rig
id quota system “denied in words
but applied in fact;"
Yale University School of Medi
cine
1 •
Johns Hopkins University School
of Medicine.
Harvard University Medical Sch..
Dartmouth College Medical Sch.,
Columbia University College of
Physiclans and Surgeons,
Cornell University Medical Col.,
University of Rochegter School of
Medicine an<j Dentistry,
Duke University School of Med.,
Bowman Gray School of Medicine
of Wake Forest College, N.C.,
University of Virginia Depart
ment of Medicine
Northwestern University School
of Medicine
Syracuse Unlvergity College of
Medicine.
Baylor University College of Med
icine.
“Major medical colleges that
come cIosest to a non-quota policy
are unhappily few." reports Dr.
Kingdon. “The Medical School of
New York university and the Uni
versity of Illinois School of Medi
cine are the most important exam
ples."
Declares Dr. Kingdon: “In sorting
out Americans on the basis of race
and creed, the quota System is open
ly divisive instead of unifying; it
accepts racism at the very moment
when Americans of every race,
creed and color are fighting toget
j her to safeguard our democratic
way of life.
“There is no other reasons
democratic answer to the questions
po8ed by discrimination in medical
education except to abolish it."
for Security
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• Legal Notices
Omaha Guide 3t
Edw- J. Dugan, Atty.
PROBATE NOTICE
Bk- 65, T 403
. In the Matter of the Estate of
I I‘ANNIE M. OWEN, Deceased
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN:
That the creditors of said deceased
will meet the administrator of said
estate, before me, County Judge of
Douglas County. Nebraska, at the
County Court Room, in said County
on the 4th day of December, 1945
and on the 4th day of February
1946 at 9 o’clock A- M., each day,
for the purpose of presenting their
claims for examination, adjustment
and allowance- Three months are
allowed for the creditors to present
their claims, from the 3rd day of
November 1945.
ROBERT TROYER,
County Judge•
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