WACs Are Eligible
Under ”G. L Bill
of Rights” Law
When the light go on again end
Nebraska-* fighting men come mar
ching home, more than a thousand
Nebraska women will be s mong
"veteran*" eligible for opportunit
ies under Public I-aws 16 and 34ft,
familiarly .-ailed the “OI" B II of
Rights.”
Nebraska women who volun'.. red
with the Women's Army Corps will
receive advantages, among them
college education at government ex
pense. which will provide a .-uh
stantial boost for whatever career
they choose, whether marriage or a
profession.
One former Wac is already among
the 83 discharged veterans of World
War II enrolled in the University of
Nebraska. AH her tuition is paid
by the Government and she receives
an additional $50 a month while at
tending the University at Lincoln.
In all, the veterans administration
office at Lincoln reports, 160 veter
ans under P L 346, with an addi
tional 110 veterans taking vocation
al rehabilitation training.
All Wacs who entered service be
fore age 25 are eligible to apply for
the college education after dis
charge. The government help is up
to $500 a year for tuition and books
and $50 a month subsistence ($75
with a dependent!, at any qualified
school. Maximum schooling period
allowed is four years, but length of
service controls the course for each.
Other benefits of the “GI Bill of
Rights" to Wacs as well as men in
clude: Unemployment benefits of
$L0 a week for from 24 to 52 weeks
preference in Job placement: loans
up to $2000 toward the purchase of
a home or' business.
The Wac also gets mustering out
pay of $200 for home service and
$300 for overseas service, and hos
pitalization throughout her life at
a veterans' hospital.
The Army is accepting enlist
ments in the WAC from women 20
to 50. In greatest demand are med
ical and surgical technicians to help
care for war wounded at Army
General Hospitals. Any woman
serving at least 90 days shares in
the benefitg of the "GI Bill of
Rights".
Further information on the “GI
Bill of Rights" as applying to Wacs
after the war can be obtained by
writing Headquarters Nebraska
WAC Recruiting District, 224 Post
Office Building, Omaha; or, at Dis
trict WAC Recruitng Substations at
Grand Island, Lincoln, North Platte
and in Omaha, and at Huron, South
Dakota.
Girls'
Do you suffer from
nervous
tension
Ob 'CERTAIN DAYS’ af the month?
Helps Beild Up Uetistaate
Against Such Distress I
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tired, "dragged out"—at such times?
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Also a grand stomachic tonic! Follow
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VEGETABLE COMPOUND
Special Announcement!
LOTS, LOTS, LOTS
Ufa Mlidi Ta InnAiiHAA to the Desired Home Owners, that
ne ivisn I © finnouiice We have been Successful in Secur
ing a number of Valuable Lots with all City Improvements and
which will be Acceptable to the FHA to Build You a Home thereon.
• IF Our Lots are not in the location that you are desirous of liv
ing in
We wish to State that WE ARE IN THE REAL ESTATE BUSI
NESS and we will help you select the lot and the location you want,
and we also wish to state, we can supply you with the services of an
Architect and a Contractor to Build Your Home.
We are an Incorporated Real Estate firm and Our Job is “To
Build Fine, Durable Homes.” Come to Our Office and let us help
you sketch YOUR Future Home.
REALTY IMPROVEMENT Co., Inc.
342 Electric Bldg
JA-7718 or JA 1620
I
Released by U. S. War Department, Bureau of Public Relatione
HONORED AT BOLLING FIELD—Mrs. Geraldine M. Carroll, center, 4838 Sheriff Road, N. E.,
Washington, D. C., wife of Second Lieutenant Alfred I. Carroll who is now a prisoner of war in Aus
tria, is pictured at ceremony at Bolling Field, Washington, where she received the Air Medal on behalf
of her husband. Lieutenant Carroll, a pilot of the 332nd Fighter Group in Italy, went overseas in
June 1944, and saw distinguished service against the enemy until his plane was shot down a month
later. Colonel John M. Hutchinson, extreme left, commanding officer of the D. C. air base, presented
awards to Mrs. Carroll and four others. (Photo by Bolling Field from BPR.)
Urgent Need for Clothing
for Europe's Destitute
Destitute Peoples of ;
War Torn Europe Are
Badly in Need of
Clothing, Bedding, etc.
PROCLAMATION:
During the month of April the
people of America are engaged in a
vast philanthropic enterprise, that
of collecting 150 million pounds of
clothing, shoes and bedding for the
destitute peoples of Europe.
The only available supply of these
articles is the homes of our citizens
The present campaign is devoted to
gathering the serviceable, used
clothing and other supplies for ship
n.ent overseas as rapidly as possible
This collection is under way in
Omaha sponsored by a Citizens’
Committee and I urge every person
to contribute as generously as pos
sible to the collection now in pro
gress
THE NEED IN I RtiE.VT!
DAN B BUTLER. Mayor
The I nited Nations Clothing
Collection
Clothing collection depots are ah
New & Used Furniture
Complete Line—Paint Hardivare
We Buy, Sell and Trade
IDEAL FURNITURE MART
2511-13 North 24th— 24th & Lake
—WEbster 2224—
“Everything For The Home
A Good Place to Eat
Home Cooking jjj
ur Diner
ij 2314 North 24th St.
iRegular
Meals WT
"READY TO SERVE"
—11:30 A.M. TO 8:30 P.M—!;
Warren Webb, Proprietor ]>
Omaha Fire Station* and Churches
of the city—Gather up that unused,
usenltle clothing NOW and donate
it to a most worthy cnuse
TYPES OF CLOTHING WANTED—
INFANT’S GARMENTS—All types,
especially knit goods.
MEN'S Sc BOYS’ GARMENTS -
Overcoats, topcoats, suits, coats,
jackets shirts, all types work cloth
es, including overalls, coveralls, etc
sweaters, underwear, robes, pajam
as, knitted gloves.
WOMEN’S AND GIRL’S GAR
MENTS—Overcoats, jackets sweater
skirts, shawls, dresses, underwear,
aprons, jumpers, smocks, robes,
nightwear, knitted .gloves.
CAPS AND KNITTED HEAD
WEAR—Serviceable heavy duty
caps and knitted headwear (such as
stocking caps) omen’s hats, dress
hats, and derbies cannot be used.
BEDDING:—Blankets, afgahns,
sheets, pillow cases quilts.
SHOES—Oxfords or high shoes,
durable with low or medium heels
Shoes with high heels, open toes,
open backs, ev^iing slippers and
novelty types cannot be used
USABLE REMNANTS’, PIECE
GOODS—Cut or uncut materials—
(cottons, rayons, woolens, etc ) one
yard or more in length—-but not
rags or badly damaged, dirty or
worn-out fabrics.
“The Negro in Latin America”
Swanee Republic
(by Harold Preece)
Every colored school kid has been
taught that old ditty written by
Stephen Collins Foster, entitled
“Sewanee River,” and glorifying
slavery. You'd think from that song
that the Sewanee country was a
place where slavery was very Hea
ven, a lost Jersulam for emancipat
ed exiles longing to return to dear
old Masa and the heavenly dish
known as hoecake.
That song is a lie. The great song
or the great book, teliing of the
Negro so-called Exiles who built
with their Seminole Indian neigh
bors a republic of peaceful farmers
and magnificent fighters on the
banks of the Sewanee, remains to be
written.
But some day, a Negro America
ever more conscious of its great
heritage of democracy, 'will learn
proudly of the inspired black state
smen of the fallen Sewanee republic
of the great Negro chief, Abraham,
who was of the stature of Fredrick
Douglass; of the scholarly Luis
Pachecho, the runaway slave who
read, wrote and spoke French,
Spanish, English, and Seminole; of
their Indian friend. Chief Wild Cat,
who refused to be parted from his
Negro brothers but who escaped
with them to Mexico after they had
been removed with the Seminoles
to Oklahoma where they were still
being preyed upon by the slave
catchers.
They fought slavery for nearly 50
years the black people who were
called Exiles and who escaped to
Florida, then Spanish territory and
a part of Latin America from bond
age in Georgia and the Carolinas.
Protected by the Spanish armies a
gainst raids from slave catchers
from across the Dixie border, they
were living in independent prosper
ous communities, tilling their fields
and tending their herds, when thir
teen English colonies to the North
revolted and formed the United
States of America.
In 1750, they welcomed into their
country the Seminole Indians who
had seceded from the Creek tribe of
Georgia and Alabama ...in fact, the
name “Seminole' is simply the Creek
word for “runaway." Negroes and
Indians have always been allies in
the great liberation struggles of the
Western hemisphere. These Negro
Indian runaways on the Sewanee
liked each other from the start and
npresently began to intermarrying
so that even today there is no Semi
nole in Florida or Oklahoma with
out admixture of Negro blood.
BLACK “PROPERTY”
But when the United States be
came a nation, it permitted the state
of Georgia to invade Spanish ter
ritory and to send raiding expedit
ions across the Florida border to
enslave the peaceful Exiles. Even
Negroes, born of mixed parentage in
the mixed Exil-Seminole villages,
were claimed as “lawful property"
the sons and grandsons of the men,
who had owned their fathers.
The wife of the great Semonile
chief Osceola beautiful Negro
Indian girl was kidnapped and sold
into slavery when her husband and
other chiefs were conferring with
United States authorities under a
flag of -truce. Villages of the Exiles
were invaded; homes and crops
burnt, women raped, and children
carried off into captivity first by
soldiers of Georgia and later by
soldjers of the United States in
what historians politely call the
Seminole Wars.
The Exiles and the Seminoles
wished only to be left alone by their
new neighbor the United States.,
and it is another lie that the so
called "Seminole Wors" were pre
cipitated by Indian-Negro raids a
cross the border of this country.
They were not left alone and natur
ally sided with the British in the
War of 1812. With the help of the
British, they built a citadel, later to
be known as “the Negro Fort" on
Apalachicola Bay and then concen
trated their settlements in a radus
of 60 miles of the fort in order that
their wives and families might be
protected.
c The the barbarous Colonel Clinch
of the United States army marched
into their country and had the fort
shelled by gunboats. Of the 331
people in the fort. 270 were blown
to death and 61 wounded, and only
three were not injured. Many of
the wounded were then turned over
to the Creks who still claimed jur
isdiction over the Seminoles for tor
ture.
But it was not until 1843 that the
Dixie slaveowners could say that
they had finally destroyed the Se
wanee republic. By that time,
pressure from slaveholders .n Con
gress had forced to Spain to Sell
Florida to the United States and the
Seminoles, who had always refused
to make treaties which did not in
clude their Negro brethern wore
transported with man of the Ne
groes to what is now Oklahoma.
But even in Oklahoma, they were
not allowed to rest in peace. Bands
of slaveowners or Creeks in the pay
of the slaveowners still' continue
MARCHING ALONG TO VICTORY AT DOUGLAS ARMY AIR FIELD
Released by U. S. War Department, Bureau of Publle Relations
Among the many classifications of workers who keep the Douglas (Arizona) Army Air Field’s training planes in the air are a
Negro V at, Private First Class Eva Turner of Amherst, Virginia, and a Negro fuel cell crew chief, Staff Sergeant Victor C. Rankins of
3907-A Page Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri. Pictured here are, left to right: Lt. Clifford S. Ey, assistant shop maintenance and
engineering officer; Pfc. Turner, instrument repair mechanic; Mr. Frank Corkish, hydraulic department mechanic; Tech. Sgt. James W.
Turner, shop building assistant foreman; Miss Florence McGregor, auto repair mechanic; Pvt. Allen E. Lanham, sheet metal mechanic;
Staff Sgt. Rankins, and Mr. P. R. Small, general foreman of aircraft shops. DAAF is commanded by Colonel Harvey F. Dyer. (Photo
by AAF Training Command from BPR.)
WHEN PEACE COMES, WHAT?
CIO HEAD OPPOSES SENIORITY REVISION
*
At its recent 7th |
constitutional con
vention, the Con
gress of Industrial
Organization care
fully considered the
dangers to the na
tion, if we are forc
ed to face wide
spread unemploy
ment at the end of
hostilities. The CIO
did more than con
sider the dangers
of reconversion; it
offered the nation
Philip Murray jfs thinking and re
commendations on this subject in
the form of a plan entitled CIO Re
Emploment Plan
This Re-Employment Plan defines
the deflationary gap, examines the
dangers therein to the nations se
curity and to democracy, and sets
forth seven points enunciating how
the deflationary gap can be filled
and its dangers obviated. An illus
trated booklet on this subject will
follow soon for general circulation
and consideration.
The CIO Re-Employment Plan is
mainly a program for industrial
production and employment. It is
concerned first of all with the buy
ing power of the workers in the
basic industries, because the lack of
that buying power is the main seat
of our economic ills. This is the
field in which organized labor has
a pecular responsibility and a spe
cial obligation to speak out, and not
only for CIO members.
Throughout the program the CIO
calls insistently for the production
and welfare of all the people. We
are deeply interested in the se
curity and prosprity of every sec
tion of the nation. We want real
prosperity for the farmers. We are
concerned with the problems of in
dependent business men and pro
fessional people. We are vitally in
terested in the welfare _ of return
ing veterans. Wre champion the
cause of all racial and national
minorities.
The same is true of the enlarged
group of women who from neces
sity or choice will be in the labor
narket. when the war is won.
Women must not only have demo
cratic employment opportunities;
they must receive equal pay for
epual work.
The Negro worker has given his
efforts to production for victory.
His employment also must be with
out discrimination in an expanding
economy to which all can contrib
ute their best efforts and from
which all can obtain an adiquate
living.
Management, by its right to de
termine the qualifications for hir
ing, has over the years created a
highly discriminatory pattern in
American industry which has re
tarded the utilization of Negro and
women workers in large numbers
Some segments of labor have aided
in the freezing of this pattern. Con
sequently, because of the late “n
trance of these two groups of work
ers into American industry, they
have an added stake in full em
ployment'
There has been increased dis
cussion of late revolving around
the possobility of relaxing union
seniority agreements, in order to
obviate wholesale layoffs of Negrr
and women workers in American
industry in the event we fail tr.
achieve sixty-million Jobs in oui
American economy. This discussion
has failed to grasp the realities of
the seniority principle.
Organized labor. after many
years of struggle. has gained ac
ceptance of the seniority principle
tc raid the Exile villages on the
Seminole reservations. In another
great saga of the Negro people, the
Exiles and a few Seminoles under
the command of Abraham and of
Wild Cat slipped away by night in
covered wagons and made their way
to Mexico. Their descendants still
live at the little village of Santa
Rosa in the Mexican state of Ooa
huila—but they don't sing the "Se
wanee River” as their tribal anth
em.
READ The CyJ[|)£
? —
| as a standard for promotions, lay
| offs and rehireing, on a fair and
! equitable basis. It is also the yard
; stick on which vacations with pay,
severance pay and other social
benefits are based. The CIO stands
for this principle as a safeguard
against descrimination and favori
tism.
How Seniority Works
What is seniority and how does
it operate? It is simply this: The
unions have introduced a new doc
trine into American industry (ac
cepted for many years by British
industry) namely, that once man
agement has hired an employee
who makes good, except under
agreed upon circumstances, it must
continue to give employment or
preference for employment to that
employee until such time, if ever,
as he chooses to quit his job.
Thus under union-management
relations, governed by collective
bargaining contracts, workers ac
quire a qualified property interest
in their jobs which they seek to
make as inviolate as the most
sacred interests of real estate prop
erty.
Property is purchased through la
bor. For example, John Doe buys
an acre of land for one hundred dol
lars which he spent one year acquir
ing. Consequently for one year’s
service, he acquired an acre of land
oN other person can take this j
land from John Doe unless he vol- j
untarily sells it or forfeits it by fail j
ure to pay taxes or other encum- j
brances.
Ownership of Job
The same principle, varying only
in detail, entitles the industrial wor
i her to a qualified interest in his
job. For instance, John Doe works
for the ABC Steel company. He
has been a craneman for five years
longer htan any other qualified wor
ker. This entitles him to the own
ership of the cranemans job, unless
he voluntarily gives it up or forfeits
it by hte infraction of a rule agreed
upon by his union and management.
Another worker, with only four
years of service, has a second claim
to the same job but he will not own
it outright until he has worked at j
it longer than John Doe. Thus by
virtue of yetrs of service, workers
acquire possession of their jobs j
I which is implemented by seniority
I provisions of collective bargaining:
contracts
As each seniority rule is agreed ;
upon by union and management
'and each interpretation becomes a
precedent for similar cases to fol
low, a body of common law in in
dustry is being built up which guar
antees to each worker a property
interest in his job. Our courts
have recognied this principle as
such. Union membership assures
job protection and only those indiv
iduals who claim seniority or pro
perty rights in a Job as their sole!
asset—with children, wife, sickly |
mother-in-law, doctor bills, etc—can i
fully appreciate how precious and
valuable is this asset of seniority.
Other Security Benefits
Seniority, of course, is only part
of organized labors program to pro
vide workers with some measure of
security. Today as a result of or
ganized labors efforts over the
years, the industrial worker can
say to his employer:
"If I am hurt while in your em
ploy, you must pay me workman's ;
compensation!”
“If I am killed while in your em- i
ploy, you must pay my wife and :
children workmen's compensation!"
"When you lay me off because of j
slack work. I shall receive unem
ployment benefits!"
"When you lay me off because l i
am too old to work any more, I shall :
receive old age benefits!"
“You may not fire me for union
activities!”
Job Protection
To these measures of security col
lective bargaining adds seniority
oi job protection which enables the
industrial worker to say to his em
ployer:
“This is my job to have and to
hold as long as I do it well and keep
within the rules.”
"You shall not fire me wantonly
without cause or on the spur of the
moment.”
"You shall not make me suffer
from discrimination or favoritism.”
"You shall not pass me by in pro-j
motions indiscriminately because of
my race color or creed.”
We admit that seniority is only
a step in organized labor's social
security program, as workers have
suffered from technological unem
ployment, seasonal and clical idle
ness, lack of an adequate health in
surance program and other causes
of insecurity. These causes in the
main are beyond the scope of union
management relations at the level
of the individual productive unit or
competitive company, and require
the concerted action of manage
ment, government and organized
labor on an industry-wide and na
tional basis.
oweveri seniority iis a founda
tion that has been firmly laid and
accepted method of administering
union contracts fairly wnen equit
ably carried out. If seniority prin
ciples are not equitably and justly
applied, the remedy is to make it
work, not destroy the vehicle which
is the prime guarantee against dis
crimination within industry which
is government by labor-industry
contracts.
Elimhintcs avoritism
To summarize seniority it is a
set of rules designed to give work
ers prior claim to a job over others
with fewer years of continued
service, provided they fulfill the
requirements. It is the only e
quitable method, proved practical
of administration, to eliminate fav
oritism and discrimination among |
a group of workers. i
I The arbitrary decision of manage
i ment is replaced with a set.of rul
es. The human element--prejudice,
inclination to favor one Individ
ual oyer another for intangible or
other reasons—in governing the re
lations of a group of workers with
one another and with management
I is reduced t oa minimum.
The dangers inherent in any type
of proposal to relax the seniority
provision should be readily appar
ent. We have to make a start in
balancing the scales of justice in
favor of the Negro and woman wor
ker. Seniority, justly administered,
is the best guarantee that we have
fashioned up to date. It would do
much to destroy the progress that
has been made toward interracial
unity by the CIO since its incep
tion.
The large group of whites who
subscribe to the principles of the
CIO and have exerted every effort
to remove unfair and discriminat
' ory practices from American in
dustry^ and who would he unfairly
displaced as a result of relaxation
of the seniority principlei would be
come not only anti-Negro and anti
woman> but also anti-union. Re
laxation of the seniority principles
would also serve to transfer the
burden of discriminatory hiring pol
icies of management to the labor
movement, where it does not belong
Debuted ut Conventiun
The question of relaxation of
seniority principles was fully de
bated in the last convention of the
United ransport Service Employ
ees of America. This internation
al passed a clearcut resolution to
the effect that it considered sen
iority righ thste cornerstone of or
ganized labor and indicated its
wholehearted opposition to any
plan or scheme which would main
tain any worker, group of workers
or race of workers on the job by an
abridgement of the fundamental
principles of seniority. The United
Federal Workers of America, meet
ing in convention in October istt I
likewise voted down a proposal t.
relax or change the seniority rules
CIO I nited Auto AA orlvers
The CIO United Auto Worker
called a conference of women wor
kers in Detroit, Mich., on December
9. 1944. At this conference^ ttiis
question was considered and dis
cussed and all proposals that would
serve to relax or compromise th»
seniority provision in favor of wom
en or any- minority' group was ovei
whehningly turned down. The c* i
ference passed a resolution to the
effect that the international execu
tive board should review all DAW
CIO contracts from the standpoint
of helping local unions to elimin
ate clauses proved discriminatory
to women and improve future con
tracts so that all discriminatory con
tract clauses governing promotion
upgrading, transfer, lay-off and re
hiring of women workers be elim
inated. The conference further rec
ommended that the National Exe
cutive oard adopt as official union
policy, that no separate seniority
lists should be etasbllshed or main
tained for men and women.
At the recent national CIO con
vention held in Chicago, 111., this
question was brought to the floor
of the convention. It was held that
"The provisions of collective bar
gaiinng terms is an autonomous
sovereign right that exclusively be
longs to each of the international
unions.” To date, each internat
solved the question in favor of
strictly adhering to existing sen
iority practices.
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Through Scientific
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•'_•
Alka-Seltzer
ABC METHOD
A — Alka-Seltzer, start taking it
at once to relieve the Dull,
Aching Head, and the Stiff,
Sore Muscles.
B — Be careful, avoid drafts and
sudden changes in tempera
ture. Rest — preferably in
bed. Keep warm, eat sensi
bly, drink plenty of water or
fruit juices. Be sure to get
enough Vitamins.
C Comfort your Sore, Raspy
Throat, if caused by the cold,
by gargling with Alka-Selt
zer- W fever develops, or
symptoms become more
acute call your doctor.
ALKA-SELTZER is a pain re
lieving, alkalizing tablet, pleasant
to take and unusually effective in
action.
Take it for Headache, Muscular
Pains and for Indigestion, Gas on
Stomach, when caused by excess
stomach acid.
*At your drug store — Large
package 60*, Small package 30*,
by the glass at soda fountains, f
