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About The Omaha guide. (Omaha, Neb.) 1927-19?? | View Entire Issue (April 21, 1945)
WACs Are Eligible Under ”G. L Bill of Rights” Law When the light go on again end Nebraska-* fighting men come mar ching home, more than a thousand Nebraska women will be s mong "veteran*" eligible for opportunit ies under Public I-aws 16 and 34ft, familiarly .-ailed the “OI" B II of Rights.” Nebraska women who volun'.. red with the Women's Army Corps will receive advantages, among them college education at government ex pense. which will provide a .-uh stantial boost for whatever career they choose, whether marriage or a profession. One former Wac is already among the 83 discharged veterans of World War II enrolled in the University of Nebraska. AH her tuition is paid by the Government and she receives an additional $50 a month while at tending the University at Lincoln. In all, the veterans administration office at Lincoln reports, 160 veter ans under P L 346, with an addi tional 110 veterans taking vocation al rehabilitation training. All Wacs who entered service be fore age 25 are eligible to apply for the college education after dis charge. The government help is up to $500 a year for tuition and books and $50 a month subsistence ($75 with a dependent!, at any qualified school. Maximum schooling period allowed is four years, but length of service controls the course for each. Other benefits of the “GI Bill of Rights" to Wacs as well as men in clude: Unemployment benefits of $L0 a week for from 24 to 52 weeks preference in Job placement: loans up to $2000 toward the purchase of a home or' business. The Wac also gets mustering out pay of $200 for home service and $300 for overseas service, and hos pitalization throughout her life at a veterans' hospital. The Army is accepting enlist ments in the WAC from women 20 to 50. In greatest demand are med ical and surgical technicians to help care for war wounded at Army General Hospitals. Any woman serving at least 90 days shares in the benefitg of the "GI Bill of Rights". Further information on the “GI Bill of Rights" as applying to Wacs after the war can be obtained by writing Headquarters Nebraska WAC Recruiting District, 224 Post Office Building, Omaha; or, at Dis trict WAC Recruitng Substations at Grand Island, Lincoln, North Platte and in Omaha, and at Huron, South Dakota. Girls' Do you suffer from nervous tension Ob 'CERTAIN DAYS’ af the month? Helps Beild Up Uetistaate Against Such Distress I Do functional periodic disturbances cause you to feel "nervous as a witch,* ao restless, jittery, highs trung, perhaps tired, "dragged out"—at such times? Then don’t dels;! Try this great med icine—Lydia E Plnkham’s Vegetable Compound to relieve such symptoms. It's one of the best known and most effective medicines for this purpose. Plnkham's Compound helps natttbe 1 Taken regularly — It helps build up resistance against such distress. A fiery sensible thing to do! Positively no harmful opiates or habit forming In gredients In Plnkham's Compound. Also a grand stomachic tonic! Follow label directions. Buy today! VEGETABLE COMPOUND Special Announcement! LOTS, LOTS, LOTS Ufa Mlidi Ta InnAiiHAA to the Desired Home Owners, that ne ivisn I © finnouiice We have been Successful in Secur ing a number of Valuable Lots with all City Improvements and which will be Acceptable to the FHA to Build You a Home thereon. • IF Our Lots are not in the location that you are desirous of liv ing in We wish to State that WE ARE IN THE REAL ESTATE BUSI NESS and we will help you select the lot and the location you want, and we also wish to state, we can supply you with the services of an Architect and a Contractor to Build Your Home. We are an Incorporated Real Estate firm and Our Job is “To Build Fine, Durable Homes.” Come to Our Office and let us help you sketch YOUR Future Home. REALTY IMPROVEMENT Co., Inc. 342 Electric Bldg JA-7718 or JA 1620 I Released by U. S. War Department, Bureau of Public Relatione HONORED AT BOLLING FIELD—Mrs. Geraldine M. Carroll, center, 4838 Sheriff Road, N. E., Washington, D. C., wife of Second Lieutenant Alfred I. Carroll who is now a prisoner of war in Aus tria, is pictured at ceremony at Bolling Field, Washington, where she received the Air Medal on behalf of her husband. Lieutenant Carroll, a pilot of the 332nd Fighter Group in Italy, went overseas in June 1944, and saw distinguished service against the enemy until his plane was shot down a month later. Colonel John M. Hutchinson, extreme left, commanding officer of the D. C. air base, presented awards to Mrs. Carroll and four others. (Photo by Bolling Field from BPR.) Urgent Need for Clothing for Europe's Destitute Destitute Peoples of ; War Torn Europe Are Badly in Need of Clothing, Bedding, etc. PROCLAMATION: During the month of April the people of America are engaged in a vast philanthropic enterprise, that of collecting 150 million pounds of clothing, shoes and bedding for the destitute peoples of Europe. The only available supply of these articles is the homes of our citizens The present campaign is devoted to gathering the serviceable, used clothing and other supplies for ship n.ent overseas as rapidly as possible This collection is under way in Omaha sponsored by a Citizens’ Committee and I urge every person to contribute as generously as pos sible to the collection now in pro gress THE NEED IN I RtiE.VT! DAN B BUTLER. Mayor The I nited Nations Clothing Collection Clothing collection depots are ah New & Used Furniture Complete Line—Paint Hardivare We Buy, Sell and Trade IDEAL FURNITURE MART 2511-13 North 24th— 24th & Lake —WEbster 2224— “Everything For The Home A Good Place to Eat Home Cooking jjj ur Diner ij 2314 North 24th St. iRegular Meals WT "READY TO SERVE" —11:30 A.M. TO 8:30 P.M—!; Warren Webb, Proprietor ]> Omaha Fire Station* and Churches of the city—Gather up that unused, usenltle clothing NOW and donate it to a most worthy cnuse TYPES OF CLOTHING WANTED— INFANT’S GARMENTS—All types, especially knit goods. MEN'S Sc BOYS’ GARMENTS - Overcoats, topcoats, suits, coats, jackets shirts, all types work cloth es, including overalls, coveralls, etc sweaters, underwear, robes, pajam as, knitted gloves. WOMEN’S AND GIRL’S GAR MENTS—Overcoats, jackets sweater skirts, shawls, dresses, underwear, aprons, jumpers, smocks, robes, nightwear, knitted .gloves. CAPS AND KNITTED HEAD WEAR—Serviceable heavy duty caps and knitted headwear (such as stocking caps) omen’s hats, dress hats, and derbies cannot be used. BEDDING:—Blankets, afgahns, sheets, pillow cases quilts. SHOES—Oxfords or high shoes, durable with low or medium heels Shoes with high heels, open toes, open backs, ev^iing slippers and novelty types cannot be used USABLE REMNANTS’, PIECE GOODS—Cut or uncut materials— (cottons, rayons, woolens, etc ) one yard or more in length—-but not rags or badly damaged, dirty or worn-out fabrics. “The Negro in Latin America” Swanee Republic (by Harold Preece) Every colored school kid has been taught that old ditty written by Stephen Collins Foster, entitled “Sewanee River,” and glorifying slavery. You'd think from that song that the Sewanee country was a place where slavery was very Hea ven, a lost Jersulam for emancipat ed exiles longing to return to dear old Masa and the heavenly dish known as hoecake. That song is a lie. The great song or the great book, teliing of the Negro so-called Exiles who built with their Seminole Indian neigh bors a republic of peaceful farmers and magnificent fighters on the banks of the Sewanee, remains to be written. But some day, a Negro America ever more conscious of its great heritage of democracy, 'will learn proudly of the inspired black state smen of the fallen Sewanee republic of the great Negro chief, Abraham, who was of the stature of Fredrick Douglass; of the scholarly Luis Pachecho, the runaway slave who read, wrote and spoke French, Spanish, English, and Seminole; of their Indian friend. Chief Wild Cat, who refused to be parted from his Negro brothers but who escaped with them to Mexico after they had been removed with the Seminoles to Oklahoma where they were still being preyed upon by the slave catchers. They fought slavery for nearly 50 years the black people who were called Exiles and who escaped to Florida, then Spanish territory and a part of Latin America from bond age in Georgia and the Carolinas. Protected by the Spanish armies a gainst raids from slave catchers from across the Dixie border, they were living in independent prosper ous communities, tilling their fields and tending their herds, when thir teen English colonies to the North revolted and formed the United States of America. In 1750, they welcomed into their country the Seminole Indians who had seceded from the Creek tribe of Georgia and Alabama ...in fact, the name “Seminole' is simply the Creek word for “runaway." Negroes and Indians have always been allies in the great liberation struggles of the Western hemisphere. These Negro Indian runaways on the Sewanee liked each other from the start and npresently began to intermarrying so that even today there is no Semi nole in Florida or Oklahoma with out admixture of Negro blood. BLACK “PROPERTY” But when the United States be came a nation, it permitted the state of Georgia to invade Spanish ter ritory and to send raiding expedit ions across the Florida border to enslave the peaceful Exiles. Even Negroes, born of mixed parentage in the mixed Exil-Seminole villages, were claimed as “lawful property" the sons and grandsons of the men, who had owned their fathers. The wife of the great Semonile chief Osceola beautiful Negro Indian girl was kidnapped and sold into slavery when her husband and other chiefs were conferring with United States authorities under a flag of -truce. Villages of the Exiles were invaded; homes and crops burnt, women raped, and children carried off into captivity first by soldiers of Georgia and later by soldjers of the United States in what historians politely call the Seminole Wars. The Exiles and the Seminoles wished only to be left alone by their new neighbor the United States., and it is another lie that the so called "Seminole Wors" were pre cipitated by Indian-Negro raids a cross the border of this country. They were not left alone and natur ally sided with the British in the War of 1812. With the help of the British, they built a citadel, later to be known as “the Negro Fort" on Apalachicola Bay and then concen trated their settlements in a radus of 60 miles of the fort in order that their wives and families might be protected. c The the barbarous Colonel Clinch of the United States army marched into their country and had the fort shelled by gunboats. Of the 331 people in the fort. 270 were blown to death and 61 wounded, and only three were not injured. Many of the wounded were then turned over to the Creks who still claimed jur isdiction over the Seminoles for tor ture. But it was not until 1843 that the Dixie slaveowners could say that they had finally destroyed the Se wanee republic. By that time, pressure from slaveholders .n Con gress had forced to Spain to Sell Florida to the United States and the Seminoles, who had always refused to make treaties which did not in clude their Negro brethern wore transported with man of the Ne groes to what is now Oklahoma. But even in Oklahoma, they were not allowed to rest in peace. Bands of slaveowners or Creeks in the pay of the slaveowners still' continue MARCHING ALONG TO VICTORY AT DOUGLAS ARMY AIR FIELD Released by U. S. War Department, Bureau of Publle Relations Among the many classifications of workers who keep the Douglas (Arizona) Army Air Field’s training planes in the air are a Negro V at, Private First Class Eva Turner of Amherst, Virginia, and a Negro fuel cell crew chief, Staff Sergeant Victor C. Rankins of 3907-A Page Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri. Pictured here are, left to right: Lt. Clifford S. Ey, assistant shop maintenance and engineering officer; Pfc. Turner, instrument repair mechanic; Mr. Frank Corkish, hydraulic department mechanic; Tech. Sgt. James W. Turner, shop building assistant foreman; Miss Florence McGregor, auto repair mechanic; Pvt. Allen E. Lanham, sheet metal mechanic; Staff Sgt. Rankins, and Mr. P. R. Small, general foreman of aircraft shops. DAAF is commanded by Colonel Harvey F. Dyer. (Photo by AAF Training Command from BPR.) WHEN PEACE COMES, WHAT? CIO HEAD OPPOSES SENIORITY REVISION * At its recent 7th | constitutional con vention, the Con gress of Industrial Organization care fully considered the dangers to the na tion, if we are forc ed to face wide spread unemploy ment at the end of hostilities. The CIO did more than con sider the dangers of reconversion; it offered the nation Philip Murray jfs thinking and re commendations on this subject in the form of a plan entitled CIO Re Emploment Plan This Re-Employment Plan defines the deflationary gap, examines the dangers therein to the nations se curity and to democracy, and sets forth seven points enunciating how the deflationary gap can be filled and its dangers obviated. An illus trated booklet on this subject will follow soon for general circulation and consideration. The CIO Re-Employment Plan is mainly a program for industrial production and employment. It is concerned first of all with the buy ing power of the workers in the basic industries, because the lack of that buying power is the main seat of our economic ills. This is the field in which organized labor has a pecular responsibility and a spe cial obligation to speak out, and not only for CIO members. Throughout the program the CIO calls insistently for the production and welfare of all the people. We are deeply interested in the se curity and prosprity of every sec tion of the nation. We want real prosperity for the farmers. We are concerned with the problems of in dependent business men and pro fessional people. We are vitally in terested in the welfare _ of return ing veterans. Wre champion the cause of all racial and national minorities. The same is true of the enlarged group of women who from neces sity or choice will be in the labor narket. when the war is won. Women must not only have demo cratic employment opportunities; they must receive equal pay for epual work. The Negro worker has given his efforts to production for victory. His employment also must be with out discrimination in an expanding economy to which all can contrib ute their best efforts and from which all can obtain an adiquate living. Management, by its right to de termine the qualifications for hir ing, has over the years created a highly discriminatory pattern in American industry which has re tarded the utilization of Negro and women workers in large numbers Some segments of labor have aided in the freezing of this pattern. Con sequently, because of the late “n trance of these two groups of work ers into American industry, they have an added stake in full em ployment' There has been increased dis cussion of late revolving around the possobility of relaxing union seniority agreements, in order to obviate wholesale layoffs of Negrr and women workers in American industry in the event we fail tr. achieve sixty-million Jobs in oui American economy. This discussion has failed to grasp the realities of the seniority principle. Organized labor. after many years of struggle. has gained ac ceptance of the seniority principle tc raid the Exile villages on the Seminole reservations. In another great saga of the Negro people, the Exiles and a few Seminoles under the command of Abraham and of Wild Cat slipped away by night in covered wagons and made their way to Mexico. Their descendants still live at the little village of Santa Rosa in the Mexican state of Ooa huila—but they don't sing the "Se wanee River” as their tribal anth em. READ The CyJ[|)£ ? — | as a standard for promotions, lay | offs and rehireing, on a fair and ! equitable basis. It is also the yard ; stick on which vacations with pay, severance pay and other social benefits are based. The CIO stands for this principle as a safeguard against descrimination and favori tism. How Seniority Works What is seniority and how does it operate? It is simply this: The unions have introduced a new doc trine into American industry (ac cepted for many years by British industry) namely, that once man agement has hired an employee who makes good, except under agreed upon circumstances, it must continue to give employment or preference for employment to that employee until such time, if ever, as he chooses to quit his job. Thus under union-management relations, governed by collective bargaining contracts, workers ac quire a qualified property interest in their jobs which they seek to make as inviolate as the most sacred interests of real estate prop erty. Property is purchased through la bor. For example, John Doe buys an acre of land for one hundred dol lars which he spent one year acquir ing. Consequently for one year’s service, he acquired an acre of land oN other person can take this j land from John Doe unless he vol- j untarily sells it or forfeits it by fail j ure to pay taxes or other encum- j brances. Ownership of Job The same principle, varying only in detail, entitles the industrial wor i her to a qualified interest in his job. For instance, John Doe works for the ABC Steel company. He has been a craneman for five years longer htan any other qualified wor ker. This entitles him to the own ership of the cranemans job, unless he voluntarily gives it up or forfeits it by hte infraction of a rule agreed upon by his union and management. Another worker, with only four years of service, has a second claim to the same job but he will not own it outright until he has worked at j it longer than John Doe. Thus by virtue of yetrs of service, workers acquire possession of their jobs j I which is implemented by seniority I provisions of collective bargaining: contracts As each seniority rule is agreed ; upon by union and management 'and each interpretation becomes a precedent for similar cases to fol low, a body of common law in in dustry is being built up which guar antees to each worker a property interest in his job. Our courts have recognied this principle as such. Union membership assures job protection and only those indiv iduals who claim seniority or pro perty rights in a Job as their sole! asset—with children, wife, sickly | mother-in-law, doctor bills, etc—can i fully appreciate how precious and valuable is this asset of seniority. Other Security Benefits Seniority, of course, is only part of organized labors program to pro vide workers with some measure of security. Today as a result of or ganized labors efforts over the years, the industrial worker can say to his employer: "If I am hurt while in your em ploy, you must pay me workman's ; compensation!” “If I am killed while in your em- i ploy, you must pay my wife and : children workmen's compensation!" "When you lay me off because of j slack work. I shall receive unem ployment benefits!" "When you lay me off because l i am too old to work any more, I shall : receive old age benefits!" “You may not fire me for union activities!” Job Protection To these measures of security col lective bargaining adds seniority oi job protection which enables the industrial worker to say to his em ployer: “This is my job to have and to hold as long as I do it well and keep within the rules.” "You shall not fire me wantonly without cause or on the spur of the moment.” "You shall not make me suffer from discrimination or favoritism.” "You shall not pass me by in pro-j motions indiscriminately because of my race color or creed.” We admit that seniority is only a step in organized labor's social security program, as workers have suffered from technological unem ployment, seasonal and clical idle ness, lack of an adequate health in surance program and other causes of insecurity. These causes in the main are beyond the scope of union management relations at the level of the individual productive unit or competitive company, and require the concerted action of manage ment, government and organized labor on an industry-wide and na tional basis. oweveri seniority iis a founda tion that has been firmly laid and accepted method of administering union contracts fairly wnen equit ably carried out. If seniority prin ciples are not equitably and justly applied, the remedy is to make it work, not destroy the vehicle which is the prime guarantee against dis crimination within industry which is government by labor-industry contracts. Elimhintcs avoritism To summarize seniority it is a set of rules designed to give work ers prior claim to a job over others with fewer years of continued service, provided they fulfill the requirements. It is the only e quitable method, proved practical of administration, to eliminate fav oritism and discrimination among | a group of workers. i I The arbitrary decision of manage i ment is replaced with a set.of rul es. The human element--prejudice, inclination to favor one Individ ual oyer another for intangible or other reasons—in governing the re lations of a group of workers with one another and with management I is reduced t oa minimum. The dangers inherent in any type of proposal to relax the seniority provision should be readily appar ent. We have to make a start in balancing the scales of justice in favor of the Negro and woman wor ker. Seniority, justly administered, is the best guarantee that we have fashioned up to date. It would do much to destroy the progress that has been made toward interracial unity by the CIO since its incep tion. The large group of whites who subscribe to the principles of the CIO and have exerted every effort to remove unfair and discriminat ' ory practices from American in dustry^ and who would he unfairly displaced as a result of relaxation of the seniority principlei would be come not only anti-Negro and anti woman> but also anti-union. Re laxation of the seniority principles would also serve to transfer the burden of discriminatory hiring pol icies of management to the labor movement, where it does not belong Debuted ut Conventiun The question of relaxation of seniority principles was fully de bated in the last convention of the United ransport Service Employ ees of America. This internation al passed a clearcut resolution to the effect that it considered sen iority righ thste cornerstone of or ganized labor and indicated its wholehearted opposition to any plan or scheme which would main tain any worker, group of workers or race of workers on the job by an abridgement of the fundamental principles of seniority. The United Federal Workers of America, meet ing in convention in October istt I likewise voted down a proposal t. relax or change the seniority rules CIO I nited Auto AA orlvers The CIO United Auto Worker called a conference of women wor kers in Detroit, Mich., on December 9. 1944. At this conference^ ttiis question was considered and dis cussed and all proposals that would serve to relax or compromise th» seniority provision in favor of wom en or any- minority' group was ovei whehningly turned down. The c* i ference passed a resolution to the effect that the international execu tive board should review all DAW CIO contracts from the standpoint of helping local unions to elimin ate clauses proved discriminatory to women and improve future con tracts so that all discriminatory con tract clauses governing promotion upgrading, transfer, lay-off and re hiring of women workers be elim inated. The conference further rec ommended that the National Exe cutive oard adopt as official union policy, that no separate seniority lists should be etasbllshed or main tained for men and women. At the recent national CIO con vention held in Chicago, 111., this question was brought to the floor of the convention. It was held that "The provisions of collective bar gaiinng terms is an autonomous sovereign right that exclusively be longs to each of the international unions.” To date, each internat solved the question in favor of strictly adhering to existing sen iority practices. 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