COMMENTS EDITORIAL PAGE OPINIONS | THE OMAHA GUIDE Published Every Saturday at 2418-20 Grant St. Omaha, Nebraska Phone WEbster 1517 Entered as Second Class Matter March 16, 1927, at the Post Office at Omaha, Nebr., under A t of Congress of March 3, 1879. 1 RMS OK SUBSCRIPTION $2.00 PER YEAR Rare prejudice must go. The Fatherhood of God and th<» Brotherhood of Man must prevail. These are the only principles whil will stand the acid fpst. of good. All News Copy of Chrurches and add Organi ritions mint he in our office rvot later than ■r:00 p, m. Monday for rurren issue. All Adver tising Copy or Paid Articles not later than Wednesday noon, preceeding date of issue, to nsure publication. EDITORIALS “ 5 Billion Dollar Campaign to Rehouse the Poor Washington, D. C. May 7.—Dr. Robert C. > Weaver, Special Assistant to Administrator Nathan Straus of the Uruitod States Housing Authority, today (Saturday, Muy 7) outlined the USHA’s natniowide slum clearance and low ier' housing, at the dedication of new build inj. at the State School, Marshall, Missouri. Dr. Weaver urged those present ti stimulate local effort toward securing for the State of Miss ouri enabling acts permitting it to partiei pate in the .country-wide $500,000,000 cam paign to rehouse the poor of the slums in new homes at rents within the reach of the lowest come groups. "Today, in the United States on a national scale, we are executing a mow program for so cial betterment. Here, again, the Government is taking the lead since it has become mani fest that the problem is so large and so vital that Grvort"* ent el-it* is equipped to meet it, I refer to the rehousing of low-income fami lies,'’ said Dr. Weaver. ‘ \ i V f m the jii'd for- decent low-rent h ” !* •• "i 1 •••' rol r' fi r'tizcru, wih-h is bo cv i ! t 1 sections, Government housing I a 'u h r • >gni irate for Negvr.es. The v h> le theory behind public housing is that the ii .’Vilt''1 i uffe tod greatly by his environ ment. N‘ t onT discs the person develop more fully i. he is given better surroundings, but s ri.'ty benefits greatly Let a u Be a better citi zr i Is produ ed.” “If eemmunities can l>e brought to realize thi about housing, it is conceivable that the si me analysis can be extended throughout the a For the reasoning which declares that n in it’ e done for the slum-dweller be c: i he has reached his natural level, dictates that Negroes are poor, ignorant, ami under privileged I eeausc they are naturally inferior. “To stu encironmenta] factors is to open new doors of opportunity and hope to colored American. Indirectly, a successful housing pro gram will do this. Directly, it must benefit thousands of Negro families. “Under the United States Housing Author ity, the first move must be made by cities where public spirit demands eradication of slunv areas. The Authority in Washington pro vides advice, technical assistance, and finally funds, after the requirements set forth in the law have been met by the applicants for a loan. “The degree to which Negroes will benefit from the program of the USHA will depend, in large measure, upon their participation in and consideration by local housing authorities, if we may judge the futrue by the past, we can look forward to a housing p rogram in Missouri which will include much Negro parti cipation. At the present time the State of Mis souri is not qualified under the terms of the United States Housing Act of 1937 to ask for loans. “If the splendid record you have achieved in regard to securing benefits for Negros front public funds is to be continued in the field of housing, there are several necessary steps. First, enabling legislation must be establish ed; and finally, projects designed to relieve the housing situation of Ncgores must be pre pared and presented to the USHA. “In other sections, North and South alike, these steps have been taken. In 33 Ft tes of the Union legislation for the establishment of local.housing authorities has been pissed. In more than 100 cities such authorises now exist, and in several important pi ices Negroes have been named to these authorit e.s. Th's lias been true in Baltimore, Philadelphia, Pittsburg, Toledo, Charleston West Virginia; Spring field Illinois; and in four New Jersey cities: Newark, Trenton, Camden ami Oiange. In the State of Indiana the vice-president of the State Housing Authority is a Negro.” Editorial of the Week (From the Ada, Okla. Ewening News) March 13, 1938 One of the best informed men in Ada called oux attention a few days ago to the quiet work that Republicans in the United States senate are doing. Practiculary appealing to him is that fact that the Republicans kept the ill advised anti—lynching law from coming to a vote. For generations the Republicans have ap pealed t othe Negro note. In fact, the Negroes of the country felt that their wefare lay en tirely in the Republican party. Of recent years, the tide has swung around and many of the colored citizens have gone over to the Democratic party. It was generally considered in Washington and elsewhere that that so-called anti-lynching bill was poor legislation, of no protection to the Negro race it does not now have, and at the same time break down many of the safe guards for ibcal government. Jttu feom£ of the leaders of the Negro' organizations insist ed the measure ought to be passsed. Those in the close states naturally wanted to keep with the members of that race. Had the measure ever come up for a vote, it is likely that many senators of both parties, would bave voted for the bill. But by assisting the southern senators in keeping off the clo ture rule, they aided in keeping the vote off. Thus in its final analysis the Republicans com bined with the southern senators to defeat the bill. We think they did the country a real ser vice, but of course most of the praise should go to those southerners who for days held the floor and protected what little local authority there is left. Railroads Boosts . Nebraska Business . Nebraska benefited substantially from the expenditures of the railroads in 1937 for ma terials, supplies, fuel, new equipment and pay rolls, it is revealed in a special study which has just been completed by the Bureau of Rail way Economics of the Association of American Railroads, Railway purchases in Nebraska last year to taled $' 712,973, the report ' hows. Of this sum $1,606,CM was spent for materials, supplies and fuel, while $1,106,367 went for new equipment (not including that built in company shops). These purchr eg were made in 172 towns and cities located in 69 of the 93 counties of the state. Wages .paid to railway employees in Nebras ka dutirg 1937 amounted to $32,723,216. The review disclosed that, for the nation as a whole, the railroads last year paid $1,133, 361,468 for more than 70,000 different items which they use. Materials, supplies and fuel cost $966,383,000, and expenditures for all nev equipment (except that constructed in railway shop ) totaled $166,978,468. More than 12,000 t jwns and cities located in 2,638 of the 3,072 counties of the United States derived direct Itnefits from this largo volume of railroad buying. In 1937, the country’s rail carriers also dis tributed $1,938,990/185 in wage;? to their em ployees, the report says. -o-— One Lesson Negroes Ought To Learn (From the Plain,lenlcr, Kansas City, Kansas Friday, April 29, 1938) Emotions prejudices — inteUegence! These are three words that tell much in regard to the action of people. They talk much and talk little They move slowly and then move rapidly. They build up and then they tear down. All the while what it that guides them in what they say and do? Anybody can see that there is far too much talking and action without serious thinking. Emotions are given too much sway, and they run awuy with people. They are worked up and worked out, and still they get nowhere. They get on the flying for a ride into a distant land only to get off right where they got on. Their emotions were stirred and got them going, and they did not stop to consider where they were going nor the purpose of it. All they knew was that they were going and going according to their undisciplined emotions. There was no planning and no purpose in ary of it. Emo tions cun serve people, but seldom as safe as sound guides. Many of the moral, spiritual and financial wrecks along life’s way are due to the fact tliat people allow their emotions to get the advantage of them. Their impulses went wild and the wrecks resulted. Prejudices move people sometimes. The aver age man or woman would hardly he willing to admit the extent to whiweh he or .she is moved in speaking and acting by mere prejudice. If it is not one kind of prejudice it is another— racial, denominational, closs, sectional and all the rest. Take any question and look at your action on it carefully, examine to see how much of what you have said and done is free from some type of prejudice. It is not apparent that mere prejudice is never a safe guide in any matter? Intelligence helps people to possess them selves, avoid serious blunders and makes pro gress. Simply to move is rot enough; the move ment should bear the stamp of stt. ’y, careful planning. In almost every direction anid every day we see signs of no serious thinking and no careful planning. The result is failure,, cho&s, dis couragement. In both individual and group ac tion there is aU too little intelligence display ed. Leaders who do mot have an abundance of intelligence will resort to the emotions, pre judices of the people to get attention and a following. The sooner leader of that type are discredited the better for the people. It is an honor to he a dealer hut it is also a sacred obli gation—in a day like this it is a supreme chall enge. He who leads should be willing to pay the price to be informed. He should be above the low and petty whims and prejudices. He should build solidly upon facts. He should be willing not to know the facts, but to think through them and properly interpret them for the people. In the absence of vision, intelli geUce. courage to do the right, the people fol low blindly and are likely to perish. Scout Leaders To Meelt In Cleveland Their common interests in American’s boyhood will bring to gether at Cleveland, Ohio, May 13 atvl 14 several hundred business men, educators, public official, doctors, lawyers lind churchmen for the annual National Council meeting of the Boy Scouts of America. The theme chosen for the conclave is "Scouting———for all boys wherever they are.” Most of the delegates represent ing the 537 Ix»cal Boy Scouts Councils that administer the Scout Program in the United States and its possessions are leaders in the life of their home communities. There are two main feature of the Boys Scouts’ national annual meetings. As the legislative meet ing of the National Council, made up of more than l.HOO members who for a true cross-section of American life, they will elect of ficers apporve new policies and hear annual reports on the many phases and activities of the Boy Scouts. The Cleveland meeting will al so be an inspirational gathering. M.thods for promoting the Scout Program locally and for advancing the work of Scout Troops will be discussed. The gathering gives opportunities for interchange o ideas and speakers will portray trends in Scouting. Distinguished Speakers Scheduled Wheeler McMilien, editorial di rector of “The (Country Home’’ magazine, will speak on the needs of the rural boy and what Scout ing offers him. Mr. McMilien i President of the Ameri an Asso ciation of Agricultural Editors and a recognized authority on national agricultural economics and rural affairs. He is a forceful speaker and progressive leader in farming. He is chairman of the National Committee on Rural Scouting of th Boy Scouts of America. Dr. William Mather Lewis, President of Lafayette College, an other speaker, will tell of the needs of American youth from the view point of the college president. Dr. Lew'is, fofr many years a student if education in American and Europe, is a former President of the Association of American Col leges and the Association of Ur i.an Universities. An outstanding educator, he is an active leader in the Church a.n>i in public and civic affairs. Scouts to Participate Boy Scouts will Jalso have share in the meeting. On Friday, May 13, the 6,751 Boy Scouts and 597 Cubs of 111 ' Greater Cleveland Council will i e h sts at a big Scout Circus to Ie held in teh Are.'; i nCleveland. The next evening Scouts of Re gion Four, comprising Ohio, Ken tucky and West Virginia, will put on several Scout demonstrations during the Annual Fellowship Banquet. At this occasion, there will be presented the Awards of the Silver Buffalo for “distin quished service to boyhood.” The meetings will be held at; Hotel Cl (wound where an unusu U et of exhibits protraying the acti vities, growth ar.d .scope (if the Movement will be displayed. The annual banquet, May 14, will be j held in the Statler Hotel. Walter W. Head of St. Louis. Pit i nt of the Boy Scouts of An; rieu ;nee 1926- will preside. Dan" -1 Carter Beard, National Scout. (' mmissioner, will report for i c National Court of Honor. I t. Janies E, West. Chief Scout Exe u*i\v, will report on the ac-1 cor P .b«>erits i f 1937, which pn I to he the busiest of Scout ing " t vears in America with ••• iti n in the fifth World Jaml orc ■ in Tim Netherland last August and its own first National Jamboree in Washington., I). C last June 30 to Julv !>. Coin Collection Merit Badges Announced Coin collecting is a fascinating hobby through which one may j learn a great deal concerning cus-' toms .architecture, plnnts and animals, weapons, armour and clothing regligions and govern ment, history and mythology and many other things pertaining to the ancients, will undoubted!'1 win many now adherents through the new Merit Bodge in Coin ColIect-| ing which may be earned by Boy Scouts. Coins have been a valuable help in historic research and at times hae been th only source of infor mation aailable about the customs of ancient peoples. The names of many kings, princes sod othe* rulers were unknown unt'l theb' portraits, dates and others legends were found on coins. Coin collecting may be enjoyed by anyone. It is not necessary to own specimens of the very rare coins to be a successful numisma tist, as coin collectors are known. Scouts are told they should be ab le to recognize a eoini and know something about it, or where to find out about it. The dividends from coin collec ting combine fun. knowledge and entertainment which iereases each with the size of the collection. The tr-eatest satisfaction is obtained when a boy friend locates and ac quires some long-sought coin. A most interesting part of this is assembling information about each coin and labeling the collection.1 Initiative and design play* a large ' Calvin’s Digest By Fioyd J. Calvin (Only column in the Negro Presslisted by Editor and Publisher) By Floyd J. Calvin (Only column in the Negro Press listed by Editor & Publisher “Run Out of Harlem” “Unscrupulous white landlords, merchant and industrialists must be run out of Harlem. Not only are they racketeering on every citizen in this community, but they are also detrimental to every honest Harlem merchant.” The source of the above quota tion, published on the first page of j*. Harlem newspaper, under the signature of the editor, is disclosed in this second quotation from the same article: “The future of Harlem depends upon our cooperative efforts. Fully aware of this. The Amsterdam News is ready and anxious to help Harlemites get a better deal, so that we can progress instead of re trogress.” In our eighteen years of constant observing the Harlem scene, this is the first time we have ever seen so open an appeal to intolerance based solely on clor, and so di rect an assertion that what is ob viously the police power will usurped by others, in sucli highly responsible quarters. This writer, as a citizen^, resi dent, voter, and business man of Harlem is opposed to all unscrup ulous landlords, merchants, etc., whether they may be white, hrowr,., yellow', or Negro, but we certainly would not recommend that anybody other than Police Commissioner Valentine be the one to “run them out” of Harlem. One reason Harlem has an extra force of mounted police on> many corners now is the direct result of this same philosophy in action some two years ago. Nearly a million d' liar* in property damage came <>•">" such a philosophy, and in that debacle, the innocent (both colored and white) suffered with the guilty. On the other hand, our studied advice to the Harlem public is to watch those who advocate taking matters in their own hands. What are they doing about the condi tions they would improve? The management of the newspaper mentioned above broke all prece dents in Negro journalism when it brought in a white man to head up its editorial staff, over the heads of Negro editors who had been there for years. They broke journalistic precedents again when (hey brought in a white man to head th<- advertising department, in the office. But the management of tha\ newspaper has a variety of in terests. Irk another one of .their concerns they employ a white law ver for work in Harlem, while Harlem Ne»ro lawyers are starv ing for work; and they employ other white officials, while there are colored officials of the same class in Harlem who might do th ■ work. Again we quote from the signed front page article; “We have been frozen out of job opportunities in Harlem mainly because of the lack of cooperation and sound planning hy both the Negro leaders and the I white business men.” How true! Harlem will never make real pro gress until it can find leaders who “practice what they preach.” ALPHA’S NEW JEWELER It was pleasant to note in the last issue of The Sphinz, official organ of the Alpha Phi Alpha fra ternity. that by formal vote, a Negro jeweler had been appointed, official jeweler of the organiza tion. The fortunate recipient of the contract is the L’Overture company of New York, headed by Kenneth Lloyd Bright, a Howard man. The appointed of Mr. Bright’s company follows the naming of a I Negro as official jeweler of the Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority last year; and it may now he expected that other Negro organizations, when they have work in the jewelry. line, such as pins .buttons, banners, and any insignia, will give the Work, which is now an appreciable national volume in the Negro group, to Negro business concerns. We commend Alpha Phi Alpha for taking this step, and because of the record of Mr. Bright in turning out satisfactory orders of class pins for numerous schools, and of service pins for such a highly successful organization as the Afro-American company of Baltimore, we feel sure taht only satisfaction will come from the Al pha appointment. “GUIDE RIGHT” In eighty eol'ege communities throughout the country, during the week of April 24-30, thp Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity is sponsoring meetings, forums, discussion, and clinics on vocational opportunities, seeking to guide youth a right for the work they are to pursue in later life. The official organ of the frater nity, the Kc.ppa Journal, has issued a current “Guide Right” number, in which the history of this move ment, which was started in 1923, is told, and in which high appreciation and support of the movement is ex pressed by the United States Com missioner of Education. In a special article in this mum bee, “Get Trained for Uncle Sam,” bv James E. Scott, member of the Committee of Intel-fraternal Co operation, some valuable pointers on a"-miring special training for inerc ing jobs under the federal Gov; nm<>nt are given. For some time now the Urban league has been stressing the fact that new opportunities are opening up in the Civil Sorvve, and it is timely that the subject should be empha sized in a nation 1 “Guide Right” f campaign. A I, JOI.SON The severity with which the Negro press attacked A1 Jolson for his alleged signing a petition which h irred colored people from a Los Xngeles residential section in which ho lived,-should he a lesson to other whites who earn fortune based on the Negro. The race will no longer allow any person or group of persons to humiTate it without severe castigation. part in making the collection in teresting to others. To earn the new Merit Radges in Coin Cell cting a Scout (if First Class rank must: 1. Own and exhibit at least 100 types of coins personally collected by him and mounted for display, including coins from at least 15 countries, properly classified as to country, ruler (if any), denomi nation, date and an;, special reason for issuing. This collection shall also include five tons made of each of the following mater als properly n,otui os yurt of the classification data—silver, nickel, copper and two other alloys. 2. Give a grief interesting his tory of: (at the orgin of the American dollar; and the deriva tion of its name; (b) U. S. coins since the first ones issued, giv ing all denominations of U. S coins issued for circulation and the metals used in each. 3. Explain fully what is meant by the following teams, illustrat-j ing with examples from his own collection wherever possible: Pine Tree Shilling, Trade Dollard, Co onial Coins, Hard Times Token or Jackson Cents. Commemorative is sue, Necessity Monjy of the Unit ed States, flying Eagle Cents, and fractional currency. 4. Explain the following teams illustrating with examples from his own collection wherever possi ble: All, AR. AE, IBust Exergue, Flan, Head, Incuse, Inscription or Ije0en<% Obverde: Qverstrike. Counterfeit, Counterstamp, Round ed Edge, Lettered Edge, Reverse Struck Coin and Cast Coin. 5. Describe the condition of coins classified in the following ways: proof, uncirculated, fine, | good, poonv Explain how the value j of a coin is determined. 6. Clasify as to country, denom-' ination and material, five coins furnished by his Merit Badge Counselor. 7. What is the purpose of mint; marks on a coin. Name three United States mints and show a! coin from each mint from his own 1 collection. [THE LOW DOWN '- -from HICKORY GROVE Here lately, it gemms like a good many folks figure that if somebody has something like 10 oiiars or 15 dol lars or maybe full sack of flour ahead, that they watching and are maybe not the best type of per idea, it got start ed, because some body got him self elected by hoppin’ onto any ! body with two bits. and it look en easy, so more fellers have been tryin’ it. But it we did not have some folks who figure on a rairjy day, we would not have any savings banks, or life insurance, or rail roads. or much of anything. And you take the railroads, it is different from what it was 100 years ago, when if you wanted to go from Cincinnati to Salt I^ake, you could walk, or ride a horse. And it woud take you 6 or 8 months and at 100 dollars per months, and would cost GOO or 800 dollars, and also use up a good horse, to boot. And our grand-father, who went west with a musket on his .shoul der. he would not be findin’ fault: with the railraods, and every-i thing—he woud be givm’ 3 c^e^rs. Yours, with the low down, JO SERRA -r> EDGAR BROWN 'N p!E» FOR WPA EXPANSION | Washington, Mav 7 (C)—Edgar G. —*Brown, pies’dent nf the Uni- j ted Goveronien* Fmoloyres, ap-( peared before the appropriations Committee of tbP Hous». Monday and made a plea for $1,000,000 to be spent for expanding the WPA 1 household workers demonstration ! centers in twenty-two states. Economic Highlights During the last six »*nths, it has been a prevalent criticism of the Administration—mad* by fri ends as well as opponents—that the President and his official cir cle apparently greatly underesti mated the importance and sever ity o fthe slump i nbusiness that began last October. Whether or not the President actually took this attitude, it is obvious that he now views the re cession as a major crisis which has endangered all the gains made since the depths of 1982. Two dramatic events occurring recently, vividly illustrate th's. First, his last “fireside chat" was almost sftartKngVy different in tone and attitude from most of its predecessors. As one anti- Ad ministration newspaper, the Port and Oregonian, described it, “There was no baiting of business, no hatefulness of phrase, nor any appeal to class consciousness. In tead there was gratefully evident the recognition of all classes of Americana in a common American ism, confronted by identical ques tions to be solved by fraternal soution.” In other words, the talk was highly conciliatory. Whether the President will continue to hold such an attitude cannot be said— but it is a reasonable deduction that at the present time the Ad ministration has reached the con clusion hat it is essential to ex tend a friendly hand to all ele ments in our national life, to dis pel distrust and bitterness, ta cement so far as possible the war ring factionn, and to precede “re form" with an attempt at “re covery.” Second, the President’s message to Congress shows how seriously he regards present conditions. And this message will continue to be the subject of a tremendous amount of debate and difference of opinion. Briefly, the Adminis tration proposes to fight bad time? with the same weapon is used, to fight b'd times before—a pump-priming p rogram of aaiza unprecedented before 1932, It has three phases: 1. Direct govern ment spending, through the WPA, the Farm Security Administration, the National Youth Administration and the COC. 2. The release of about $2,000,000,000 in new oredit through changes in the gold and federal reserve policies. 3. The creation of new jobs through slum clearance, highways, flood control and 'public works, /t wfcs also suggeested that the SEC relax its regulations somewhat in order to make it easier for small business to get new money. The entire program would re sult in the government spending $4,500,000,000 more than it is now -pending. Yet, while no provision i s made for increasing revenue, it it said that this will increase the national debt by only a third of that sum. That seemingy magical trick would be accomplished 1 f de sterlizing part of our vast gold reserve against which no gold cer tTicate? exist. The form pending program, '• hie'1 began almost ms soon as the T' esident t ', k nr'ice was approv ed aim st unanimously by Con gress and by the nation* as a whole. The present program will not meet so enthusiastic a veception. One hloc believes th t the former snerding failed, and another will fail, too. Another bloc, even though it favors increased spending, will be unwilling to approve it unless some means of raising the money i‘ found, so as not further lx>ost the debt. A third bloc thinks that tax and labor troubles should be coirected before we try anything ese and believes that if business were aided in this manner it would go ahead and spend on its own hook, thus obviating or lessening the need for government spe"ding rn a larger si ale. All such blocs are important and influential— and are manned by Democrats as well as Republicans. It is the members of the President’s own nnrty, net the opposition, that have made the present session* of Cnnoo-css. culminating in the startling defeat of the recorgani T'dinn measure, a stormy one for the White House. There is the situation as it ex ists today. We are in a period of lethargic business and, while the consenus of expert opinion* does not anticipate further declines, it dnes not anticipate substantial beterment in the near future, ei ther. The Congress is in a rebel lious mood. The President has tak en a more conciliatory stand, and it is believed that he will suggest no new “unsual” legisation this year. What that all adds up to is anybody’s guess. One good guess is that we will hove greater suond ing, and a mild shot of inflation hut not On as big a scale as the President suggests. • * * The .Republican will gain about 100 seats in the House next Nov ember—go i mg by a recent survey made by the Institute of Publis Opinion. They will gain some seats in the Senate. But both branches will remain Democratic by heavy majorities. It is mathematically nossible for the Republicans to gain control of the House—but no nne thinks that can honpen. It is athematicallv imnoasible for them to gain control of tha Senate.