V.V.V.%V.%V-V-"-V.V>V.V.V.V.W.V.V.V.W.V.VAV-“**.%V.V.V-V.V.V.W-V-V.V.V.W,V.W. . . . EDITORIALS . . . W.W.V.V.Vi.V.-.V.V.ViV.V.V.V.W/VWW The Omaha Guide Published every Saturday at 2418-20 Grant St., Omaha, Neb. Phone WEbster 1750 Entered as Second Class Matter March 15, 1927 1 at the Post Office at Omaha, Neb., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. Terms of Subscription $'2.00 per year Race prejudice must go- The Fatherhood of God and the Brotherhood of Man must pre* vail. These are the only principles which will stand the acid test of good citizenship in time of peace, war and death. Omaha, Nebraska, Saturday, AUGUST 24, 1935 STATE REGULATION HAS WORKED Tn addressing the public utility section of the ■“■American Bar Association, at its recent conven tion- in Los Angeles, Leon O. Whitsell, president of the California Railroad Commission, took issue j “with that growing political philosophy which is being broadcast from high places that the regula-j ion of public utilities by state commissions has a failure.” Mr. Whitsell pointed to definite and constructive] achievements that state regulation has brought to the people of California. Under it, both household and industrial consumers have enjoyed adequate service at reasonable and declining rates. Much pro gress has been made in rural electrification, and the farm load shows a (Tidily ascending curve. Domes tic use of power has rapidly increased to the point where power is the first essential in the modern home. Benefits have likewise accrued to the utilities themselves- They have been permitted to earn a fair and reasonable return upon, the value of their prop erty. That, in turn, has enabled them to obtain mon ey at reasonable interest rates with, which to ade quately finance developments. At all times they have been able to keep step with the growth and progress of the state. The history of state regulation in all parts of the country pretty well duplicates the record made in California State, commissions, intimately in touch as they are with the needs and desires of the people of their commonwealths, have performed the essen tial task of protecting the interest of consumers, in vestors and utility workers and management alike. It is not an accident that, under the American plan of state regulation of utilities, America has led the world by a tremedous margin in gas and electric expansion. HOW QUICK CAN YOU STOP? . Qome time ago a questionnaire was submitted to ^ motorists by the city of Memphis concerning the distance necessary for stopping cars going at given speeds. The survey demonstrated that the av erage driver has an exceedingly poor conception of stopping distances—and that he believes he can bring his car to a halt in a much shorter space than is actually required. For example, drivers were asked how many feet would be needed to stop a car with four-wheel brakes moving at a speed of 40 miles per hour on an ordinary highway. Two percent of the drivers an swcred ten feet or less; 15.9 percent answered 11 to 20 feet; the heaviest majority, 23.2 percent, answer ed 21 to 30 feet, and 14.1 percent answered 51 to 60 feet- 0 c® ° ° The true answer is 80 feet—and it was given by less than 6 percent of the drivers. Only a minority of motorists realize that, no matter how good a car’s brakes are, it is impossible to stop within fifty feet —that a car going 40 miles an hour will skid farth er than that with locked wheels. Memphis has provided a good example showing that we vitally need continuous and intensified "‘schooling” for drivers—-and that the driver who has operated a car for twenty years should be given attention, as well as the beginner. Adequate knowledge of the limitations and capa bilities of the motor car is a fundamental of acci dent prevention. IS ENGLAND SINCERE •v l?ngland is making a great pretense of attempting to move heaven and earth to avert war between Italy and Ethiopia. But is England sincere? Some Negroes foolishly believe she is. Let us see. There is one sure wray to prevent Italy, who is plainly the agressor, from waging war. That way is to bar her ships from the Suez Canal. She would then have to sail entirely around Africa in order to reach Eritrea and Somaliland. True there is a 47-vear-old treaty, the Internation al Suez Convention of 1888. which declares that the canal is to be left open to the merchantile and naval ships of all naions in either peace or war. But Ar ticle XX of the League of Nations covenant abro gates all prior treaties that are inconsistent to leave the canal open to permit one member of the League to make war on the other. England hesitates to close the canal to Italy be cause 11 Duee’s assistance is needed to prevent Ger many from seizing Austria and thus precipitating another World War, which is the last thing England wants. France sides with Italy for the same reason. I , .V^V.V.V.V.VMV.V.V/.VV.V.VAV.V.'.V.V. i wtli o. tii.se great powers would rather see weak Ethiopia j a ashed than to incur 11 Duce’s enmity at this time. The combination of Germany, Poland, It aly and Japan might well be too tough for France, England and Russia. Were this all, England and France would have little to worry about. But unfortunately for them in this instance, they rule hundreds of millions of colored people who are more restive than ever as they view the impending partitions of Ethiopia. Whatever little confidence and respect they had ini and for the white man is rapidly departing. Nothing will remain after Ethiopia is gobbled but hatred and suspicion.. It is hard to rule colonies whose in habttants share such feelings. And yet this is a minor stage compared to the complete loss of sovereignty that may result from another World War. England and France are both faced with this responsibility. That is why no realist can believe that they are sincere about halting the rape of Ethiopia. THE RETORT DISCOURTEOUS llluch as one may disapprove and condemn the German. Nazi persecution, one must applaud nevertheless, the retort their newspapers are mak ing to the charges of barbarism leveled against them by people in this country. The German press is saying in effect. “Where do you get off criticising us £or our persecution cf the Jews when you are lynching Negroes almost every week or so?” This is a rather discourteous remark for the Ger man press to make, but for once, the German press is telling the truth. Many of the people wha are making- the welkin ring with their denunciation of Nazi atrocities in Germany, have had little or noth ing to say about Cracker atrocities in Dixie. Indgmant white people in New York City held a great ‘ ‘ trial ’ ’ of Hitler about a year ago for perse cuting Jews but they have staged no, “trial” of the South for crucifying, robbing and degrading help less Negro workers. Indeed, many of the same peo ple who condemned Hitler imitate him daily by re fusing to give employment to colored boys and girls here. We do not object to the criticism of fiendish Nazi Germany, but we do wish that some of the critics would save a little of their breath to fight far worse evils right here in the United States. We can understand how they can be excited by German Fascism but they should know that Negroes are confronted drily with worse Fascism. AN APPALLNG PICTURE The latest release of the Bureau of Census on ‘4 Col ored and White Births Per 100 Deaths (Exclu sive of Stillbirths) in Selected Cities, 1931 and 19 30”, should make us all sit up and take notice. The statistics from 85 selected cities and two boroughs of the City of New York reveal that only in Albany, Columbus, La Grange, Macon and Way cross, (^a.; Indianapolis, Indiana; Alexandria, La.;; Asheville, N. C.; Florence, S. C., and Lynchburg and Roanoake, Va., is the colored, population repro ducing itself. • In some cities the figures are appalling. In Little Rock and Hot Springs, Ark., for instance, there were only 27 and 47 births respectively, to 100 deatlis. In Hopkinsville, Lexington and Paducah, the births per 100 deaths were, respectively, 41, 49 and 30. An ynilmber of cities show the births run ning from 25 to 40 behind the deaths. Only in Hot Springs and Little Rock, Ark.; Sairo, ill.; Lexington, Ky., and Columbia, S. C., are the white deatlis greater than the white births, and there the showing is much better than that of the Negroes by from 50 to 100 percent. These disturbing figures may be due, as the re lease suggests, to failure of Negro parents to regis ter births, but there seems some doubt about that. Here is a big job for Negroes. Before the race can be saved, it must survive. At this rate, there will not be any race pretty soon. WHY DOES ITALY WANT ETHIOPIA? By George W. Harvey ¥>ECAUSE: The African continent is three times ^ the size of Europe. * BECAUSE: The natiosn of Europe already con trol most of the vast area of Africa and they a^‘ now jockeying for a position to control the rest-—. BECAUSE: As it now stands, Great Britain France are the gTeat African land holders, .with ether European countries trailing far behind* BECAUSE: Italy now controls only 946,734 square miles of the African, continent compared with France’s 3,967,610 and Great Britaiif 692 square miles. BECAUSE: Italy by annexation of*"fiiiiopia, would add land three times the size of ItalJr dot ils owr. colonial possessions. BECAUSE. Ethiopia has hidden in its territory, vast resources that the other countries, especially Italy, wants to develop, use and cash in on for their own use, greed, expansion and glorification. .; 1: •■r-. '/ ' ' 1 ECONOMIC HIGHLIGHTS Happenings That Affect the Dinner Pails, Dividend Creeks and Tax R’lls of Every Individual. Na tional ar.d ’international Problems Inesparable from Local Welfare. _oQo_ Seven major pieces of legisla tion have, at this writing, passed both houses of Congress—yet none of them have gone to the White House for Executive veto or approval. Reason: All the bills are m conference. These conferences are something that the general public hears little about—but they prbably have more influence on the actual fate of difputed legislation than all the dramatic and fiery speeches made on, the floors of House or Senate. Necessity for conferences is obvious. One branch of Congress will pass a bill. It then goes to the other branch. If, as often happens when really important laws are involved, amendments or changes are made in bills by this second branch, some way must be found to reconcile th> differences. Conference commit tees, each one customarily made up of five Senators and five Representatives, are appointed These men .then get together, fight, argue and sweat. They are not supposed to add additional provisions not passed by either branch of Congress — they deal only with the points of differ ence. One important bill in confer ence involves amendments to the TVA act. As passed by The House version of the bill per mitted only $50,000,000. Similar differences, mostly of minor im portance ,are keeping the AAA Amendment bill, the Social Sfe curity Act, the Rivers and Har bors Act and the $300,000,000 Deficiency Act in conference. '« ••a;-* Hiw In some cases, conferees must attempt to iron out basic differ ences. That is true, for example, of the Public Utilities Act of 1935 and the Banking Act of 1935. In the Senate cefsion of the Public Utlities Act, holding com panies were given a “death sen tenced which all of them, with a few posible exceptions, would have to liquidate and go out of business by 1934. The House dissented—Substituted strict regu-* laion for execuion. C?ohfe£ nee members are; 0gftftin|£ where in reconcilfsafcjliig vaflfc difference of opinflhlUill soill believe that the resWjf wiUg act at all this ye&r. ■ -j\ Jl|f A similar situation-’ is/ludding up the Banking Act- The Ad ministration wants tip1 a4t ]>rb~' viding for centralized hank inf, under which a politically-ap pointed board would/7 rute^thd country’s banks in major I par ticulars. This kind Ofaef passed, the House, reached the Senate, and faced the ire of Carter Glass father of the Federal Reserve Act. Mr. 'OTass wants a mod'em j » i lzed federal reserve system com tinued, hates and scorns the idea of political dominence of bank ing. The issu^^t&M^-MTe$i& al most insoluable, up&®«[ Presiden tial influence can be brought to bear 'with unusua npaa erBst/aIid‘ tfe hardest canSp^^n 'B generation^. " *• n>. 'V si—oOo— *J •vr., EVERYBODY BisiNES During the last few years there has been a steady and em> couraging decrease in ■ the aver age annual fire loss. However, figures fo rthe last year, issued by the National Board of Fire Underwriters, show that a de cided slow-up has occurred in the rate of decline. Fire, costs the nation less thaft it did a 'few years ago—butkfts ex periencing Jesa success in, forcing the loss down still further._ The 1934 loss amounted to $2.08 per capita: That may not seem a large a m o u nt^—but, looked at in the light of the fabt that it amomfted Td utftr and uu necessaty w&st^'ii: is important. Between two and three hundreds of millions of dollars a year is be ing sacrificed That could otherwise be used foF krome and business blinding,‘ for givestmenf, for a1lfr ^e artkdes Kid servhres-t hat - keep tirervfreeTs of industry'turning__l » Further, the true size of the fire waste canpat fig ures. Afire, J$or} ■ 4k#ijj»l^ Inay destroy a factory# j: Yet the faetor^’s^-fiesftifet^n^Aiay mean that several hundred men >«re thrown 8$I employment; that a town’s principal industry no longer operates, that taxes are ■ lost to the npn^munjty, that lp<^1 merchants, A lar^e ^aH' £i Jffifetr customers gone, are forced out of business. A hui^red thousand ^dollar firelcaW ihttk total los$ of many times that amount. Fire Wa all pa^ -fbr'Tir all benefit when it fa And the best friend lie ±J)athy, that permits hazards i to grow the Icommonest risks to multiply anc get out of hand. ** ^ fire prgJJ^^d reg aided as somebody else’s busi nes ij I Foresight pos i ithe^ us an. sni J jp-giB J 9ii ke! —In the face of depression, tre-» mendous progress has been made fdy tho- olewrir mi-H-hr ■indnsrTT dm ^crea/ing the uses of electricity ^Uhr:hemmi6d9 Trom 930 to lu34, inclusive, pur eha.se >f electrQ(>f^»r cago. 111. Do this today. ) WRefri Ii4^hage arrives all you do is deposit $I[00 plus post age with postman while you try out the formula. Use it a full 7 days. Then, if ytfu are not so de „ v lighted with results you want to almost dance with joy, return ' .vhat is left of the grower to Lou Ray and your $100 will be re~ funded to you in cash without question. Be sure to send for this con vincing test at once. Don’t delay. Address Liu Ray ,Dept. B., 207 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, 111. Make the test and see if you don’t get the same long ,straight hair others report. You run no risk. ROOSEVELT SIGNS SECURITY BILL Provides U. S. Pension, Jobless Insurance For First Time WASHINGTON, Aug. 15 President Roosevelt Wednesday signed the long awaited social se j curity bill, which he haileJd as “historic for all time” and for the first time, the United States has a federal system of old age pensions and unemployment in surance. President Roosevelt predicted its benefits will be felt by 30 mil lion Americans and that it will provide at least partial protection against the shock of future eco nomic depression. Present for the signing cere mony were Secretary of Labor Perkins and almost the entire membership of the Senate finance committee and the House ways and means committee. The bill provides a maximum federal pension grant of $15 a month, for individuals of 65 years and over, to be matched by like contributions by various states. A payroll tax of 3 percent is also provided to defray the basic cost of unemployment compensation. Fifty North Caro .'t'ljloflri 1 i I .A "ijililnt.! X .8 limans Enlist For Ethiopian Service —L . T Asheville, N. Ci* Aug. 14, (ANP) —That more than 50 North Carolin ians had l enlisted for service in the Ethiopian ara*y, was disclosed here Monday by E. W. Pearson, who is wpfkmg in behalf of the Ethiopian movement here. in > anjuounctement, Pearson, who is,«irek‘meifcfcter of tho Ninth Lavalry of the United States Army, declare# that ratiitof the recruits fighting forces and had passed the ageJ of 40. “The age of the men, hoWe VSTT is off -set By HERer Iralhlhg^ and experiepcQgT^ngo^A^r-fare received we will be on«our way.” goihg to continue “our^fiorts to en flist rtretl: who -ivafit! ‘ to ;Se6 Ethiopia uio jlnarfi oi daiw aW -oi tnjnrf' Iwh; -nodi 10r White Man Rapes i Step-Banghter; No Lynching Occurs : t_tt ..... .< l . ( BaurinJburgpsiifcfit?. C(}« }Aug.;f- 14, (ANP)~Charge was described ad the modt heir*- * ous dvek*^ committed in these parts there was neither any lynching nor talk of lyndWhgi.3 YTUA2g The M-tfewodld :girll ovrild e her way to the local nolice^tatiaa-, and tearfully told t1'** police how fivfc days ago h«M Atfefci-flAhef had at tacked her and a£ftfirtf6i~4 threatened to kill her if she told anybody about it. KftB’ rid secret3 ftftJ TA^AdSty ^h^h was tbt»flldiil© bisbnaJg _anil liaqa; Sqjuth i^o?ma»X®wfl nits Qui^1;,Acffe/ru EyiWMfiP 30 H8 33gflAg 3*0 YAM Ah|e^^S:^dl^«tfO ^ ^4kl —4fter being by the “riFa^ly lynching here last week, "wViich was 1ahkMlI£>mpt appcamnee on "the seenr-of Nn^— tip rial rifl