FEDERAL EMERGENCY
RELIEF ADMINISTRATION
Twenty-thousand Needy Colored School Children
Get Lunches Under Relief Program in Mis
sippi—Three-thousand in District of Columbia.
By Edgar 0. Brown.
More than 290,000 school child
ren in 45 s'ates and the District
of Columbia received free milk or
free, hot lunches including milk
during the school year 1933—
1934, the results of a survey made
public by the FERA reveal. This
total represents 7.5 per cent of the
euro linen, in the school systems
from which these data were ob
tained. Three States; Alabama,
Illinois and Michigan did not re
port.
The survey clearly indicates,
according to Harry L. Hopkins,
Federal Emergency Relief Admi
nistrator, some of the real and
permanent social benefits of the
J'ERA program which have been
made despite the depression
throughout the country, par.icul
arly in the Southern Slates.
The Federal Emergency Relief
Administra ion first gave official
lunch and free milk project lor
lunch and free mily project for;
needy and undernourished child
ren in the S ates following i s
successful introduction in the Dis
trict of Columbia by the relief of
ficials. Airs. Roosevel , shortly
after arriving at the White House
in 1933, became the chief sponsor
of this health and educational
program from the capital city.
Miss Mary A. Mason, advisor
to the FERA on food require
ments and a leading authority on
home economics, has just received
a report from Miss Ernestine
Frazier, uu ritionist director of
Mississippi, showing 20,172 col-J
ored children out of a total of
45,367 who have received hot lun-j
ches and milk jtree during the
Hast school year.
iii Houika, Chickasaw County,
Miss., which is typical, 206 Negro1
children out of 450 received a
ho lunch and one pint of milk as
the daily school schedule.
Pictures from the Egremomt
school in New Albany show a
large class ot heal.hy and happy'
colored boys and girls seated on
long benches before the seruplous
ly clean .able with steaming plates
of vegetables and a bottle of milk
wi.h a ldng straw', giving mute,
but convincing proof of the old
adage that uoi only is seeing be
lieving, but tasting most enjoy
able.
Free lunches are provided in
Washington junior and senior and
high and vocational schools to
pupils authorized as eligible by
the District Emergency Relief Ad
ministration, of which Miss M.
Alice Hill is director. Iu the
elementary schools, these lunches
are supplied by a central kitchen
under the supervision of Mrs.
Katherine M. Ansley. The prin
cipals of the respective schools de
termine those pupils in need of
free lunches.
The 'following report of the
district of Columbia schools from
the office of First Assistant Su
perintendent Garnett C. Wilker
son show's there are over 3,000
colored children receiving these
free lunches:
Elementary School District of
Columbia, Divisions No. 10 and
13..
Report on number of hot lun
ches served needy Colored School
Children.
Tenth Division.
Briggs, 45; Bruce, 60; Chain
Bridge, 29; Garrison, 47; Grimke,
Old Phelps Bldg, 31; Harrison,
108: Military Road, 21; Monroe,
71; Morgan-Wilson, 76; Montgom
ery, 75; Phillips, 75; Reno, 35;
Stevens, 93; Sumner-Magruder,
33; Toner,—Worm ley, 48.
Total, 10th Division, 847.
Eleventh Division.
Banneker, 55; Bates Road, 18
Cleveland, 44; Cleveland Annex
—At Cardozo—32; Cook, John P
31; Crummell, 111; Douglas-Sim
mons, 71; Jones, 45^ Logan, 122
Morse, 21; Mott, 128; Slater
Langston, 92; Twining, 20
Young, 51.
Total 11th Division, 841.
Thirteenth Division.
Ambush, 95; Bell, 150; Bimey,
120; Bowen, Anthony J., 161; Bur
rville, 168; Deanwood, 130; Gar
field, 50; Giddings, 126: Lincoln,
42; Lovejoy, 60; Payne, 100;
Smothers, 53; Syphax, 87; Small
wood, 77.
Total 13th Division, 1,419.
Grand Total, 3,107.
Number of colored pupils re
ceiving free lunches in the junior
and senior high and vocational
schools of the District of Colum
Armstrong High School, 13; Ca
rdozo High School, 21; Dunbar
High School, 21; Browne Jurnor
I
High School, 25; Francis Junior
High School, 43; Garnet-Patter
son Junior High School, 12; Ran
dall Junior High School, 39; Shaw
Junior High School, 55: Terrell
Junior High School, 52; Phelps
Vocational School, 19; Washing
ton Voational School, 39.
Total 339.
POLICE BRUTALITY SWEEPS
HARLEM, NEW YORK.
New York—The most savage
wave of police brutali.y in the his
tory of New York struck Harlem
la*t Tuesday night.
One man was killed and more
than 100 severaly injured by po
lice guns, blackjacks, and clubs
as thousands of Negroes and sym
pa he.ic whites jammed the
streets upon hearing a report that
a Negro boy had been beaten to
death by deiec ivcs in the Kress
store located on 125th Street near
Seventh avenue.
Beat Boy Savagely.
Accusing a Negro boy of steal
ing a five cent jacknife and a
handful of candy, two huge Kress
store detectives set upon him and
began .o pummel him unmerci
fully. Negro shoppers in the
store fearing that the boy would
be killed, screamed. The detect
ives then dragged the boy down
in.o the basement.
A delegation of shoppers in the
s'.ore, led by Reggie Thomas,
member of the Harlem section of
the International Labor Defense,
went to the manager to protest
the beating. The manager evad
ed the questions of tlm delegation,
stating thai the boy was not
badly hurt and had been released.
The delegation refused to believe
him and called upon other peo
ple in the store to join them in
protest.
Squads of policemen that bat
tered through the crowds into
the store and attacked the mem
bers of the delegation. One wom
an was seriously injured ,arrested
and carried to the police station.
A series of brutal beatings of in
nocent bystanders set crowds of
people into furious retaliation
against the police and the Kress
store owner.
AH, Tuesday night until day
break Wednesday morning, thous
ands swarmed into the Harlem
streets raging against the police,
smashing the windows and store
front of the big department stores
in Harlem. The Kress s^ore is one
of the many chain department
stores in Harlem which refuses to
employ Negroes. Particularly
were the large grocery stores loot
ed, and thousands of Negroes de
nied relief, discriminated against
by the relief bureau authorties,
seized food for their starving
families.
Relief conditions In Harlem
are the worst in New York. The
■city administration has provided
a system which pays hunger
stricken Negro families 25 per
cent less relief than in any other
section of the city. Two out of
every thee Negro workers in Har
lem are jobless and facing starva
tion, according to statistics.
The violence of the Harlemites
in breaking plate glass* windows
and smashing store-fronts is gen
erally regarded as the resentment
of the people against the starva
tion conditions existing in this
section of the city. Two protests
against the brutal attack on the
boy in Kress was the outlet
through which this pent-up anger
expressed itself, it is claimed.
In a statement issued last week,
James Ford, vice-presidential can
didate of the Communist Party
in 1932 and Harlem Communist
leader stated.
“The responsibility for the
events in Harlem falls squarely
upon the city administration and
the police. wThe reported beating
up of a 12-year old Negro boy in
Harlem was but the incident for
letting loose the bitterness and re
sentment of the Negro people of
Harlem as a result of their starva
tion conditions and terrible suf
fering.”
A statement has also been is
sued by the League of Struggle
for Negro Rights, declaring that
“race rio.ing,, looting and provo
cations” are definitely opposed
by these two organizations as a
method of “bettering conditions”
in Harlem.
The statement of the League of
Struggle for Negro ’Rights fol
lows in part:
“The attempt on the part of
the press and the city officials
to pin the blame for the recent
disturbances in Harlem on the
Communis.s and the Young Liber
ators is for the purpose of be
clouding the issue and to cover
up the mass misery and increas
ing degradation of hundreds of
thousands of Negroes in the com
munity. L is crystal clear from
the very nature of the disturb
ances—the fact that the anger of
the masses was directed against
whi.e stores rather than white
individual shows the economic
and social basis for the outburst
of anger. This is further indicat
ed from tht fact that no white
workers were attacked and that
one large Negro establishment
was not spared. Certainly the
looting of food stores is more the
work of hungry people than those
inflamed by race hatred.”
A. W. Berry,cmfwpy
A. W. Berry, General Secretary,
League of Struggle For Negro
Rights.
THE MUSEUM OF MODERN
ART.
The Museum of Modern Art,
11 West 53rd Street, announces
an Exhibition of African Negro
Art open to the public beginning
March 19 and to remain on view
through Sunday, May 19. Mr.
James Johnson Sweeney, art
criiic and author of a book and
articles on modern are published
in this country and in Europe, has
selected the 603 subjects which
will be shown from private and
museum collections in England,
elgivun, France and the United
States. The principal emphasis
will be on, sculpture in wood,
which had had so much interest
for modern artists. Sculpture in
j bronze and ivory will also be
shown as well as textiles, imple
ments and weapons.
Objects in the Exhibition, have
been, drawn principally from
west central Africa, an area near
ly twice the size of the United
States. It includes the following
regions1 French Sudan, French
Guinea, Upper Yolta, Sierra Le
one, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Dahom
' ov, British Nigeria, Cameroon,
Gabun, French Congo, Belgia
Congo, Angola and Bri.ish East
Africa. It is impossible to es
timate with any degree of accura
cy the age of the objects. Those
in wood, due to the perishable
nature of the material and the
omnivorous white ants of Afri
ca, may not be more than two or
three hundred years old. objects
in metal and ivory may precede
the sixteenth century.
In commenting on the relation
between Africa Art and modern
ar., Mr. Sweeney has said: “The
are of the primitive negro in his
mastery of aesihetic forms, sensi
tiveness to ma.erials, freedom
from naturalistic imitation and
boldness of imagination parades
many of the ideals of modern art.
We find many characteristics of
Epstein’s work and that of sev
eral other modern sculptors and
painters such as Picasso, Modigli
ani and Braneush, that point to
their respect for African art.
“Religion has been the chief
stimilus of African art. In. the
parklands and forest fringes of
I the continent ancestor worship
was practiced. In the denser
jungles animis ic beliefs predomi
nated; trees, streams, rocks and
animals were worshipped as su
pernatural forces in rituals which
involved sculptured masks and
fetishes. There are fetish-men’s,
masks, hunting masks, circum
cision ritual masks and masks
worn at funeral and memorial
ceremonies— different variations
of type in every tribe for every
purpose, in wood, ivory, gold,
wicker, cloth, straw, parchment,
and endless combinations of ma
terials. There are fertility idols
and fetishes for conjuration to
heal the sick or effect the death
of an enemy. There are figures
that represent the dead and
figures to insure successful child
birth.
“African Negro art, however,
is not confined to religious ex
ression. It is shown in house
hold utensils, weapons, imple
ments, and many other objects
such as bobbins for weaving
cloth, spoons, headrests, musical
instruments, and tiny weigh, s
used by natives in weighing gold
dust.”
A volume on African Negro arc
will be published by the museum
in conjunction with the Exhibi
tion. It will include more than
100 half tone illustrations and
three maps. The introduction is
by Mr. Sweeney, who draws this
conclusion: “In the end, how
ever, it is not the tribal eharacter
itics of Negro are nor its strange
ness that are interesting. It is
its plastic quali.ies. Picturesque
or exotic gestures as well as his
torical and ethnographic con
siderations have a tendency 10
blind as to its true worth. This
was realized at once by its earliest
amateurs. Today with the advan
ces we have made during the last
thirty years in our knowledge
of Africa it has become an even
graver danger. Our approach
must be held conscientiously in
quite ano.her direction. It is the
vitality of the forms of Negro art
that should speak to us, the sim
plifiea ion without impoverish
ment, the unerring emphasis on
the essential, the consistent, three-!
dimensional organizations of
structural planes in architecton
I is sequences, the uncompromising
truth to material wi h a seeming
ly intuitive adaptation of i;, and
the tension achieved between the
idea or emotion io be expressed
through representation and the
abstract principles of sculpture.
“The art of negro Africa is a
seulntor’s art. As a sculptural
tradition in the last century it
has had no rival. It is as sculpture
we should approach it.”
PLAN TO SEND HARLEMITES
SOUTH SCORNED
New York, April 4.— A pro
posal by Edward C. Rybicki, su
pervising mediator of the state
labor department, to send “Har
lem’s needy colored folk back to
their old homes in the South,”
was scorned here this week by
the National Assoeia.ion for the
Advancement of Colored People.
The plan, as quoted above, was
quoted in the Daily News and
when the N. A. A. C. P. filed its
protest, Mr. Rybicki denied that
the newspaper had quoted him
correctly. He stated that he had
merely advocated that federal as
sis.ance be given those who may
desire to leave for their former
homes where employment might
be available.”
In the stories published in The
News, Mr. Rybiki was pitured as
proposing the plan as a solution
on the riot in Harlem, March 19.
The N. A. A. C. P. letter to Mr.
Rybicki pointed out that depor
tation was no solution to the
problems raised by the riot and
that as a state labor official he
should be working to see that the
skilled and unskilled Harlem
workers are given a fair share of
ihe employment available. The
letter also pointed out that Har
lem building trades workers had
been discriminated against in em
ployment on state projects, such
as construction of hospitals, pris
ons and other structures. The
Association pointed out also that
American citizens have had free
dom of movement and cannot be
moved arbi.rarily from one place
to another.
LYNCHING ART EXHIBIT AT
BALTIMORE OPENS
New York, April 4.—The ex
hibit known as “An Art Com
mentary on Lynching,’’ which was
shown in New York several weeks
ago opened Monday, April 1, at
the Maryland Institute in Balti
more. The exhibit will include
practically all the striking pieces
which caused such wide-spread
comment during the New York
show.
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Classified Ads and Business
DIRECTORY
offeSna^Newand'^-MtwS^^WhrRewters^ny^dverttsws through this Weekly
Clasified Directory of Community and City.____
ROOMS and APARTMENTS
Furnished Apartments, Reasonable.
WEbster 2243.
FOR RENT: Apt. with gas, elec
tricity, heat, hoit and cold water at
all hours- Telephone WE, 4285.
LOVE’S Kitchenette apartment for
rent at 2518 Patrick Ave., 1702 N.
26 St., and 2613 Grant St. We. 5553
FOR SALE—Beautiful 8 room,
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steam-heated, 4 large bed rooms,
beautiful basement and back yard,
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Call at 2212 Burdette Street for
further informaton.
Furnished room for rent. WE. 4862.
For apartments, rioma and houses
for rent and sale, call Dixon’s Real
Estate. AT. 7435.
Room for rent in private family, 2642
Binney St.
Two room apt. and use of kitchen
We. 4162.
One 3 room apt. for rent. WE. 4044
or 1417 N. 24th Street.
Melton’s Lunch, Sanitary Cooking,
2011 N. 24th Street.
THE ONE HORSE STORE
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BETTER RADIO SERVICE
A. E. and J. E. Bennett, 2215 Cum
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hours 2:30 tt 5:00 P. M- Telephone
Jackson 0370. 4—8t
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