The eye of a Master will GUIDE M II I II I OMAHA ~N0 Man ^was ever PAGE FOUR -rSgS"' -- OMAHA, NEBRASKA SATURDAY MAY 19, 1934 — TH E OMAHA GUIDE Published Every Saturday at 2418-20 Grant Street by THE OMAHA GUIDE PUBL. CO., Incorporated All News Copy must be in our office not later than Monday at a p. m.,and all Advertising Copy, or Paid Articles, not later than Wednesday at Noon. Entered as Second class mail matter, March 15, 192^ at the Post office at Omaha, Nebraska, under the act of Congress of March 3, 1879. . SUSCRIPTION RATES (Strictly in Advance) One Years ..$2.00 Six Months .. $1.2b Three Months. . . $1.00 TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION—The Omaha Guide is issued weekly and will be sent to any part, of the Uni ted States for $2.00 per year in advance. Foreign subscriptions (including postage) $3.00 in advance. Trial six months’ subscriptions. $1.25. Trial Three Months’ subscription $1.00. Single copy, 5 cents. RENEWALS—In renewing, give the name just as it appears on the label unless it be incorrect, in which case please call our attention to the mistake; and al ways give the full address to which your paper has oeen sent. CHANGE OF ADDRESS—In ordering a change of address, always give both old and new addresses. If the paper does not reach you regularly, please notify us at once. ADVERTISING RATES—Given upon application. REMITTANCES—Send payment by postal or express mon«.y order, cash in registered letter, bank check or stamps OUR ADDRESS—Send all communications to The Omaha Guide Publishing Company. Incorporated, 2418.20 Crartt St., Omaha, Nebr. EDITORIAL S . DO YOU WANT A REPRESENTATIVE TO THE STAT ELEGISLATURE Detions are now being circulated in Douglas County call * ing for the placing on the ballot of a pdoposed amend ment to the constitution whereby there shall be one legis late of the State Legistature, rather than a House of Re presentative and a State Senate as at present and that there shall not be less than thirty mmbers in the new house nor more than fifty. Voters shall e called upon to consider just what this will mean. It will mean the further removal of the gov ernment from direct control of the people and the loss of the alaneing power of the two houses. To the Negro voter it means much greater disaster. It means t#e re districting of consolidation of legislative districts and loss forever of a Negro representative at the State Capital. You should therefore rfuse to sign these petitions and preserve your only safe guard, the right of represen tation. CALIFORNIA’S LESSON (From he Omaha World Hearld—Monday, May 14, 1934) Wednesday night near Los Angelts two masked men kidnapped from his efstate William F. Gettle, a wealthy ©il man.As they carried him off they answered a friend’s remonsrance with the snarl: “No soft stuff. We’re here j here for business. This is kidnapping.” This incident reminds one inveitably of the kidnap ing in California last year of Brooke Hart, of his murder, and of the lyching at San Jose of Hart’s abductors, to gether with Governor Rolph’s comment: “This is the best le&son that California has ever given the country- We show the nation that this state is not going to tolerate kidnapping.” Governor Rolph thus had condoned one of the great- j est crimes against society, a crime greater even than kid napping—lynch law. The truth is now brought home to jlim that any concession to violence, no matter by what Dretext, breeds more wiolence. The war upon kidnappers ivas hurt, rather than helped, by the San Jose lynching., California now gives that lesson to the nation. One hopes j Governor Rolph has learned it at last. ***** Editorial Of The Week (From the Birmingham “Post”,Birm ingham Alabama) The Negro and NRA It is not surprising that the Na tional Recovery Act has not solved the complicated economic and social •problems that revolve about the Ne gro- The problems are as old as the nation and go to the roots of our thought and life Yet conditions today seem to de mand that employers both in the North and South face the Negroo problem more frankly and that NRA itself give further consideration to the claims of those representing Ne gro workers. NRA is committed to the principle of reviving business by increasing the purchasing power of those who buy the products of business- There seems no good reason why it should ignore 12 million Negrooes as po tential purchasers and consumers Yet where Negroes are included at al in the NRA codes the wages speci fied for them are uniformly too low to act as a possible stimulus to busi ness- Many a business in Alabama and elsewhere might flourish on the trade of the Negro, if it were given a chance to do so When code revisions occur next month, definite steps should be taken to huild up Negro purchasing power by providing for higher wages than at present under the blue eagle POLITIC AI PULSE FROM 'tre voters of our COMMUNITY Short timely Political Opinions on | tfcc aspiring Candidates are invited No letters unsigned will be publish er._Be brief- The short letters are j most likely to be printed and to be read when printed- The Editor of this column reserves the right to re edit all matters that are mailed in to this column _ i WHY DON’T WE STAND HITCHED, By George W. Hibler I Dear Mr. Editor: I would like to ask the reading public through your paper, just why one Harry Leland, an Oil inspector, Bryan, appointee, has hastily beat it to Washington? After the Gov enor has taken care of him for 4 years, how could he be so disloyal at this time, and hop in this manner. The Mir- Leland is trying now to en- j trench himself with the new gang, j When the going gets tough and | power has been exhausted where will he go then? Just because his gang looks up to him, Mr- Leland is trying to hop, forgetting how his gang has been to him- Such a person, to m is an ingrate or should I have said an “end-gate.” i Mr- Leland, I would like to ask of you, just who—are you going to give “all” of that immaginary Political strength of yours? Are you going to support th new gangs interests or the old gang. They are opposing each other foj. the Senate Gov. Bryan picked you out of the slums and put you on your feet, why don’t you try to stand hitched just one more time and go with the old ship if it goes down Levin for Legisalure Stanly F- Levin, 4724 Davenport Street, president of the Douglas County and State Young Voters League foj. Metcalfe for Govenor of Nebraska, filed as Republican can-' didate for the state legislature from the 18th district last week. Levin bases much of his campaign plank on advocacy of a general sales tax to replace the present tax on 1 homes nd farms. He also advocates repeal of the eighteenth amendment believing that it cannot be properly eru\.freed with the liiV-onai govrn mnt and neighboring states being wet He also favors a change in policies of the state banking department be Iieving that that department can and should function more advantageously to the depostors of the state banks than it has in the past. He was one of the organizors of the Young Republican club of 1932 j and served as a member of the exxecu tive committee. He also organized j and served on the executive committee of the Junior Indepent Voters League in the recent city elections Levin has been employed in a re sponsible position with the Frst Na tional Bai¥k of Omaha for the past eleven years- He is prominent in the matur athletic circles of the city having managed the bank’s teams for many yars- He is a former Central High School and business college tudent holding several certificates from the Aimerican Institute of Bank ing. Mr- Levin is well known in the North Side having taken a prominent paigns in this part of the city. He is the son of Mrs- Ida Levin, former Omaha Welfare board, assitant super 1 intendent i • POLITICAL FORECAST Cut ths out for your scrapbook and thne check up on it, after the prim ares and the elections Congresman Edward R- Burke, Nebraska’s Congressman of the sec ond Congressional District, is loved by all of his friends and admired by his enemies- Congressman Berke ha stood ace high in the city of Omaha and th County of Douglas with the finest type of Douglas citizens. But unfortunately someone has coaxed him to announce, we believe his enemies, his political death Govenor Charles W- Bryant w'ill eat him so ad for the Democratic nomination that he wont know he is in the race, when the ballots are counted |. Robert Smith, the popular Clerk i of the District Court was running 1 smooth on all eight cylinders up until ! somebody brought Senator Kenneth ■ S- Wherry of Pawnee City, Nebraska’s name to the surface- With Robert 1 Smith. Bailer Dunn, Malcolm Bald ridge, Huey Butler in the Republican nomination for United Senator, we are afraid it will cut up the pie in too many pieces for anyone of them receiving any benefit that will help them on their shortcomings out in the state That will leave a real battle ground in the northwestern part of the State Senator Wherry will carry Southeast ern part of the State and has a fair chnce to get an even break in the southwestern part of the State San Klaver, Herman Friedlander, ; and Arthur McCaw are claiming now they are going to give him a real j strt in Douglas County. J. Political Pot • * John B Horton. Editor of the Qfm ; aha Chronical a bi-weekly newspaper ! seems td have jumped the gun, filing first for the Nebraska Legislature from the ninth district At present he is leading the rest of the Republican by a nocse. It can at least be said he was the firt somewhere. . . .Attorney John Adams Jr- s rumored , candidate on the Republican ticket- He to be allowing Horton to excerise the field alone, depending on reserving to overtake him in the strech unless greater opposition appears Adams has the Republican nomnation in the bag. .. .The Democratic side of th picture offers a highly conjectural ... aspect One white canddate has already filed is laying back- Rumor has him first j avowing and thn denying candidacy .—Likewise rumor has a possible can didate in Attorney Charles F- Davis a standout to match agamst Attorney John Q- Adams. Jr- The nnth Dist rict would certainly be well off with either Davis of Adams as reuresent atnve. Davis or Adapns as repre Dvis remains slightly adamant con cerning posibility of his filing . I Talking things over Every Bannana That Leaves The Stalk Gets Skinned” "UNITED WE STAND DIVIDED WE FALL” To some of my readers, this may seem to e a rather peculiar topic to discuss. But, little as you may think of it, it is one of the most vital prc lems facing the Negro today Every Bannana that leaves the Stalk gets Skinned.” Dear reader, follow me on this sub ject, and picture yourself in a grocery store, looking upon a stalk of ban nanas- It will be easy for you to understand n^y topic more clearly You look at that bunch of bannanas and there is something that attracts your attention- Those bannas are ripe yellow, healthy looking articles, and above all are clnging to one stalk Every bannana is hanging from the same position and each one that is pulled off leaves a space, showing that one or more is missing- There are no bruised ones, because if a canana becomes bruised or no good, as we wouui call it, t is taken down and cast aside, because if it is allowed to r-sman there, t will more than likely ruin the others- The Grocer does for the purpose of aving his stalk, and the ones that are taken from the stalk, are usually sold at bargin price, be caue they are at the stage, where they cannot be held much longer Now, you notice someone coming in to the store- They purchase from the clerk, some bananas- The bananas are torn from the stalk- From that moment those bananas are doomed 1 heir minutes and even their very sec onds are numbered. Why? Because when they leave that stalk, when the person purchases them, it is witn one purpose, to skin them and eat tiicm So, wth the Hliman family, special ly the Negroes- We will compare them with bananas- We will take the Negro race, a a whole, to be the stalk- the individuals as the bananas. Now s long as the Bananas stay on that stalk, in other words, as long as they stick together, they have no , thing to worry about- But the mo | ment one banana leaves that staik. i he is in danger, he is not sure of any , thing; there is always the danger of 1 his being skinned The Negro race of today, is con tinually being skinned, and being nJihed- Why? Because they have an lett the stalk- Each one is fight ing the other. Instead of trying to hit one another up, they are contin ually pushing one another down- They are continually skinning one another Now for instance, take the white race They are always trading and employ ing their own people- By doing tnis there is always positions for their younger generation that comes out of school- This being an inducement for their younger generation to go on through school and equip themselves so as to be able to place themselves upon the stalk of the business world On the contrary, the Negro has put VvJ ooopl-ate with sfach other* to trade with their own people or not at all, the race will begin to stand out in the public eye. Their chldren will halve places of employment; there will b no lychings; there will be places of employment for the Negro as well as the white: the white people A^ill begin to ^respect the colored They will give them what they de mand- It is not up to one or two of th race, to make ths dream come true, it is up to every individual, every sin gle person whose skin is tanned the least bit Remember my saying “Every Ban ana tht Leaves the stalk Gets Skin ned” Examine yourself,and find out if you are in danger of being skinned If you are, remedy it right away, before you are bruised and can not return, for fear of brusing someone else- Remember this, that unless you place your money with one of your race, so as to give him the buying power, so that he can buy in greater quantities, the cheaper the merchants prices are quoted to him- He can not sell to you as cheap as the other race, who has the full strength of his people and this is the foundation ot all successful merchants Friends, above til, when a bill comes up in Congress, or in any othei place that is going to benefit you- suci. as the Costigan-Wagner anti lynch bll, be as the stalk of bannas, cling together, and do inot be skinned away from the stalk by misleading advice j of some disinterested people- At the | polls, rerr.mber this, your vote is j worth more than the thirty pieces j >f si-Kif 't-^ it btiayed Chirst So J keep it, for the sake of your people Don’t forget “United we stand; Di-; vided we fall ” To my readers, I would indeed be j glad to know your opinion of my j column- Its main purpose is to sat isfy you- Any suggestions on topics to discuss, or critisms will be great appreciated. Any topic sent in I will do my best to nalize it for you the following week- Send your uggestions to the | Omaha Guide office 2418 Grant St (Jmaha Nebraska I _ NEW LEAGUE FORMED; METCALFE FOR GOV The Young Voters’ Legue for Met calfe, recently organized in Omaha to unbrace Douglas County and sur dounding counties of Nebraska has as its purpose the election of Ted Met calfe for govenor The trend throughout the United States being toward a Youth move ment, it is the idea of the Youhg Voters’ League for Metcalfe to make possible the active participation of boys and girls in thir govei'ement At the regular Tuesday evening me eting at the Rome Hotel, appoinntme ents were as follows Stan Levin, Pres. Tommy Bryan Sectary Charles Shreck chairman of the ninth Ward, Alfio Ra neri, chairman of the fith Ward; Al fred Marino, chairman of the fourth ward; Joe L- Cohen and Wally Young co-charman of the second ward; Ann alee Yates, chairman of th eWofruis Division The young votrs Legue for Metcalf is open to all between the ages oof 18 to 35- Those interstd ar invited to att end the next meeting on Tusday May 15th at 7:45 p- m- Room 104, Rome Hotel New Organization Formed The Junior Auxiliary of the Asni ercan Legion, Unit Post, No- 30 was organized Monday afternoon, May 14 at the beautiful home of Mrs- Mable Fields, 2807 Wirt St- The following officers were elected, Miss Louise Gray was elected president, Miss Equator Williams captivated the place of first vice president: the next to win her stand was Miss Betty Baugh and she s now the treasurer: Mss Ev elyn Butler was the next one to raise her hand in triumph as chaplain: Miss Clara Anderson took her stand and is now the secretary, and the last but not least came Miss Genieve But ler to overtake the place of chairman of the membership committee. Oh, ys, it would be too bad f we failed to mention Miss Pauline Williams who saddled the place as sargeant of arme This organiztion, under the leader ship of a newly elected staff and the good and noble advice of Mrs. Fields, plans to do big things in the near fu ture- They plan to make this organ isation top all other clubs, and organ izations in the city of Omaha. All children that are eligible to join, we mean by that, all children whose father belongs to the American Le gion, are cordally invited to come out and join us, and help us to render the kind of a program, we will attempt to put over- So long until next week- j Miss Louise Gray—President .Miss Clara Anderson— Sec’y i Miss Mable Fields—Sponsor SOUTH FACES DIFFL* CULT PROBLEM OF FINANCING SCHOOLS: COMMITTEE FINDS Fourteen Southern States are mak ing a greater effort too support pub lic educaton, considerating their per capita wealth, than the average Stte Despite this effort it would require more than $400,000,000 additional expenditures to bring outlays for ed ucation up to the national averages Furthrmore, it would require ap proximately $40,000,000 additional expenditue to bring outlays for the ed cation of Negro children up to the average for white children in these fourteen states These facts are among the findings of the committee on financial support of the Natonal Conference on the Education of Negroes called by Secre tary Harold Ickes at the Department of the Interior, Washington D. C-, 9-12- Dr- Fred McCuiston of Nash ville, Tenn-, is chairman of the com mittee which has been studying the problems of financial support for Negro schools foj. many months Following is a summary of findings of the committee, and its conclusions: Since 80 per cent of the 11,891,143 Negroes in the United States live in the fifteen Southern States where a seperate school system is maintained, it follows that any study of consider ation by the Committee on support of Negro Education would deal pn marly with this area- It was not pos sible for the Committed to gather any particular facts regarding expendi tures out side the South,though we made a number of comparisons be tween sections and States-• Ability and Effort of the South to Support Education: According to the Blue Book of ■ Southern Progress, there are only j twelve States having a total per j capita wealth of less than $2,000 ; All of these are in the South- Only ; Florida, Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland are above this mniimtm The average wealth per capita in the South in 1930 was $1,785, as compared | with $3,609 for the States outside the : South The effort to support education, as measured by the percent of all tax eolkctkus expended for school , chan j ges ths picture considerably, of the se | ven States expending less than 35 per ; cent of all State and local tavx collec ' tions for educaton, only two are loca | ted in the South- Thfe average ex pend I ed by fourteen Southrn States was 41 ■3 er cent as compared with 40-2 per cent for the country as a whole • : - Chief Sources and Amounts Of Publ !_c School Revenue: _ __ According to the 1930 report of thir ! tevn Southern States, there was a tot- j : al of $331,157,842 expended for public schools. Forty per cent of this amount was cotributed by local districts, 31 per cent from State sources 28 per cent from county sources, and -6 per cent from Federal sources |_Annual Expenditure Pen Pupil -- _ Enrolled__ .! __ Dr. Paul R- Mort in his study, “State Supporot for Public Education ■ shows eleven States expended less less than $15 pr capita total population for i education in 1930. All of these South ’ ern States- The per capita expenditu i e in the several Stats ranged from $7 50 in Georgia to $36 88 in Nevada, ‘ with an average of $21-30 for the cou . ntr.v as a whole No Southern State re Rt portsfrom eleven Southern State?' for 1930 show an average expenditure ' ached the average for the country per pupil of $35-42. Howevr when expendture are separted into racial groups we see that ther was an expen diture of $44.11 for each white pupil • enrolled and $12-57 for each Negro pu pil enrolled. When these figures are ■ compared with an expenditure of $99 ’ 00 per pupil in the United States as 1 a whole the inequalities are astonish ' ing. A comparision of expenditures ‘ over a long period of time in the Sou ■ them States shows similar inequalit > | ies have existed- For example the exp ‘ enditure for each white pupil enroll > | ed in these Southern States in 1910 i was $9-45 while for each Negro pupil it was $2-90. A check of long time expenditures in S-nth Cav "na shows I that in 1900, $4-06 was sp nt on each 1 white child enrolled and $1 lO for each | Negro chid In Nrt h Car din she av | ount was $2-27 ic-r each white child . j and $1-68 for each Negro child Thirty • years later South Caroolina expended $59-09 for ech white child enrolled and ■ $11-16 for each Negro child- while No rth Carolina epent $41-26 and 16-67 • respectively In 1930 Negro population percent ages in twelve Southern States varied from 7-2 per cent of the totoal in Okl ahoma to 50-2 per cent in Mississippi ; The per cent of public school funds re ceived tends to be in inverse rato to the per cent of population. The 7-2 per cent Negro population in Oklahoma ceived 5-6 per cent of all school funds j or 79 cents of each dollar which they would have received if funds had been I distributed without regards to race, j while the 50.2 per cent Negro populat i on in Mississippi received only 10 per i cent of the funds, or 21 cents out of ; each dollar they would have received if funds had been distributed without regard to race Expenditures for Teachers Salaries A study of the salaries for white and Negro teachers reveals about the same inequalities ss between total ex penditures-In 1930 theaverage annual salary7 pad white teachers in eleven Southern States -ws $901, ranging from $715 in Arkansas to $1,546 in Maryland while the average paid Neg ro techers in the sme Sttes was $423, raugfng from $226 m Mississippi to 1,168 in Maryland- In 1900 the average annul salories paid white teachers in seve Southern States was ,$162, m ging from $100 in North Carolina to $421 in MMaryland compared with $1 06 for Negro .teachers, ranging from j $75 in North Carolina to $325 in MMa ryland Salarie paid city teachers range much higher than those paid county or ruari teachers- Reports from six Southern capital cities show a median annual salary for 1930 of $.362 for white teachers and $888 for Negro techer. Expenditure for teachers salaries in Louisville, Kentucky shows less diff erence between w?hite and Negro te achers than in any othr Southern cty reporting. Expenditures for salar ies of white teachers range from, $22 28 per pupil in average daily attenda nce in 1911 to $57-03 in 1933, while ex penditures for Negro teachers range A from $17-38 in 1911 to $45-74 in 1933 Transportation of White and Negro ..PUPILS —.. In 1930 ten Southern States trans ported 749,434 pupils at a total cost T $12 782,414- Slightly less than. 2 per cent of the pupils transported were Negroes and less than 2 per cent of the funds were expendd for thir tra | ns ported. Investment in Public School Property ! The total invostiment in public school property in fifteen Southern ! states in 1930 was $1,086,942,000, or $123 per pupil enrolled, as contrasted with $242 per pupil in the country ' as a whole. The average investment for pant and equipment for each J white pupil was $157, and for each Negro pupil $37 Equaiiation Funds: t Some type of equalization fund has been used in the South for a number of years, though the idea of a large State fund created to eqaulize educa tional upp. .rtun*ties is relatively new Ten of the Southern States had equ alization funds in 1930 amountng to more than $20,000,000 and the amiount has been increasing annually. The growth of these equalization funds is most hopeful to those interested in j equal opportunities for all children 1 However these fund have beer, provi ! dcd and distributed under euch diver e pans and circumstance that is next to i impossible to determine the amount going to Negro schools- In many cases the expenditure of these funds has increased the inequality instead I of diminishing it Higher Education: The 92 tugner institutions had plants and t exhibition one makes of himself when he hates!” Those who hate are sick, sick of soul and body- When one is the tar get of hate, it is hard not to give blow for blo.w But by remembering the hater is, it is possible to pity him enough to pay him back in kind — _-———