Nebraska Newspapers

    GUIDE OMAHA _
The eye of a Master will M
* ino Man vias ever
do more work than his_• ._Glorious who was not
-„ March ot Events Citv. ana Nm’t life _Laborous.”
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Page 4 OMAHA, NEBRASKA, SATURDAY OCT. 21st., 1933
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EDITORIAL
E- _ .'-il-.-. , :— -—
THE GOVERNMENT AND STATUS
OF THE NEGRO. WHAT?
By M. L. Harris
o
It eauses us to often ponder over
the unequal status under which we are
made to groan in our effort to adjust
ourselves to the principles of democracy
which by the constitution of our Govern
ment Vouchsafes to all its Citizens equal
privileges under the law and guarantees
to them life, Liberty and the pursuit of
Happiness. We have for years cryed and
prayed for relief to our Government
from the curse of Jim Crowism, segre
gation and lynching. Bills to that effect
have beeii .introduced in the Congress
and Senate, but for various reasons,
chief among them was that the Govern
ment could not give any aid on the
ground that any law to that effect would
be class legislation and would conflict
with or run afowl of the doctrine of
State Rights, whatever that may mean.
Negroes have been burned at the stake,
their homes have been desecrated and
destroyed, innonce men have been the
victims of mobs and gangs of hoodlums,
crying and thirsting for blood. Petitions
have been made to the Federal as well as
the State Government in which these
crimes were perpetrated. We were told
that the Federal Government was power
less to act. The countries in which these
dastardly crimes were committed made
futile gestures of bringing the culprits to
justice, only in a very few isolated cases
were conviction obtained with very light
sentences imposed if any at all.ffl These
results were so frequently the case that
even the N. A. A. C. P. at times seeming
ly dispared of ever succeeding in their
efforts of placing them behind prison
walls. Even in the face of the grave in
justices practiced in the Scottsboro Case
where-in the innocence of those boys was
conclusively proven the persecution
continued. Yet, not a voice was raised in
the legislative halls of our Government.
A Government guarantees to every
citizen previous conditions of servetude.
Not one bill presented calling for the
Federal Government to step in and do
that, which the States, either was power
less to do, or for reasons best known to
themselves they would not do. After
thousands of Negroes had been lynched
and burned to the stake, and hundreds of
homes was destroyed, it remained for
the Federal Government to awaken to
the fact that she could reach out her long
arm and stretch it from State to State,
no to stop the wanton destruction of life
and property of thousands of defenseless
Negroes, but to stop the kidnaping of
American citizens (white). No one de
crys the fact that it was necessary that
this should be done, but what the Negro
want, if the Federal Government can
alley her fears long enough without vio
lating the policy of State rights to pass
drastic laws to reach her arm from one
State to another to punish the kidnapers
and murderers of Lindberg baby and
men and women of wealth and affluence
why is she not able to use the same
methods to pass drastic laws that will
give to her the same power to reach out
ehr arm to punish the (not the kidnap
ers) by lynchers and burners to the stake
of some innocent Negro man or woman—
Yes, we wonder why.
. March Events
By REV. ALBERT KUHN
Our national program of recovery
has by no means easy sailing. One of the
snags, which it hits are the conflicting
ambitions of the leaders of labor on one
side and of capitol on the other. Labor
leaders like Green, head f the American
Federation of Labor, and. Lewis, Head
of the United Mine Workers, want to use
the N. R. A., to become dictators to the
industrial managers of the country makr
ing it impossible for the latter to conduct
the details of their business without
daily consolation with and deference to
a non resident Labor Bureaucracy. Any
one who has had to deal with local labor
unions and labor bosses knows how un
reasonabie, arbitrary and overbearing
they can be. Once in a while their con
duct is not much different from that of
regular racketeers. On the other hand,
where labor cannot bargain with the
employer collectively the individual em
ployee is absolutely at the mercy of the
latter who may regard labor as so much
machinery, which he is buying as cheap
ly as possible, which means in times in
which there is a surplus of labor, at star
vation wages. The only sensible method
of insuilng fair treatment to everybody
in our present complicated system is the
setting up of boards of arbitration so
constituted that they can impartial bal
ance the interests of the employers, the
employees and he consuming public.
Such boards our President is trying to
establish and to invest with power. In
this undertaking he ought to have the
backing of the whole nation.
In Western Pennsylvania violent
strikes have developed among the miners
in which scores of men have been killed.
Many of the mines have had to stand
a regular siege. The government has
been reluctant to show its strong arm in
the matter, for fear that its action might
be misinterpreted either by capital or by
labor as a one-sided stand, depending up
on what action the federal troops would
feel constrained to take. Henry Ford
also has had some serious strikes on his
hands. On account of slow business he
had to curtail the hours of labor at the
plant at Chester, Pa. The men struck
for a five-day week at a $25 minimum.
When Ford retaliated by closing the
plant, the strikers moved on his other
plant at Edgewater, N. J., to induce its
two thousand workers to engage in a
sympathy strike. They boastingly talk
ed of closing every Ford factory in the
country. Methods like that of course
confirm Ford more than ever in his re
fusal to allow his plants to become union
ized.
In Cuba President Grau’s student
supporters fired upon a crowd of Com
munists, killing scores, while government
troops forced the surrender of 500 offi
cers who had entrenched themselves in a
prominent hotel at Havanna in defiance
of the new government. The position
just been completed by the Southern
Commission on the Study of Lynching,
and the facts discovered will be given to
the public at a nearly date, according to
an announcement by George Fort Mil
ton, editor of the Chattanooga News and
chairman of the Commission.
'•Trained investigators representing
the Commission have been on the case
for some time, according to Mr. Milton,
and have gone as fully as possible into
> every angle of the situation. Interesting
revelations are promised relative to the
probable guilt or innocence of the vic
tims lynched, the part played by officers
nnd courts, and the state of mind of the
of the ew government is still very inse
cure. So far it has not obtained "recog
nition by the American government.
Many people find fault with the
slaughter of millions of young pigs by
the government. Yet, when the market
is glutted with hogs and the farmers do
not get half of the cost of'feeding out
of their shipment, who of these critics
digs into his pockets and makes up the
deficit? For over twelve years the rest
of the public have let the fanner sink
deeper and deeper into debt and by buy
ing below his cost have robbed him of the
fruit of his labor, simply because it was
impossible for our farmers to organize
for planned production like industries
which are in the hands of a few huge
corporations. It is pretty near time that
the farmer have his turn. By assisting
him to fit the amount of production to
the actual demand the government is do
ing a good thing.
COMMISSIO NON LYNCHING
STUDY IS BUSY AGAIN
Careful Study Made of Tuscaloosa
Situation — Report Promised Public at
Early Date
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn. — A care
I ful study of the recent iynchings around
Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and of attendant
community conditions and attitudes has
community.
The request for the investigation,
Mr. Miiton stated, was made by the Com
mission on Interracial Cooperation, a
Snuthern agency with headquarters in
Atlanta, which felt that action in the
case on the part of some responsible
Southern group wras imperative, since
the while South must share in the stigma
attaching to such crimes and is respon
sible for their correction.
The facts revealed by the investiga
tion will be given to the press and other
wise made available to the public, said
Mr. Milton, as soon as they can be form
ulated, in the hope that they may sug
gest immediate action in the Tuscaloosa
r>asp<? also nrove ultimately helpful
fo Alabama and to the South.
The Southern Commission on the
Study of Lynching was set up in 1930,
made an exhaustive case study of the
twenty-one Iynchings of that year, and
published its findings in a volume of 500
pages. The membership of the Commis
sion consists of George Fort Milton, Jul
ian Harris, John Hope, Benjamin F. Hu
bert, Charles S. Johnson, W. P. King, R.
R. Moton, Howard W. Odum, Alex W.
Spence, Monroe Work, W. W. Alexander,
and W. C. Jackson.
ICKES KEEPS EYE ON NEGRO EM
PLOYMENT IN PUBLIC WORKS
Washington, D. C.—Even though
there are many problems facing the De
nartment of the Interior and the Public
Works Administration, Secretary Har
old L. Ickes is keening a close watch on
the employment of colored men on the
various nublic works projects financed
by loans from the federal government.
This assurance was given personally
bv Secretary Ickes in an interview here
Wednesday to Walter White, secretary
of the National Association for the Ad
vancement of Colored People. Mr White
commended Mr. Ickes for the instruct
ions he issued under date of September
21 to all state engineers on public works
that there must be no discrimination be
tween applicants for work on account of
“color or religious affiliation.
Secretary Ickes agreed with the N.
A. A. C. P. head that this was only the
in st step and that undoubtedly many
employers would seek to bar Negro work
men by one trick or another. Mr. Ickes
was watching to see that everyone got
a square deal. Mr. White suggested a fol
low up order with teeth in it and Secre
tary Ickes expressed great interest in the
new Indiana and New Jersey state laws
prohibiting discrimination and placing a
penalty upon violation.
WHERE IS THE MONEY TO COME
FROM.
The nation is soon to call upon the
public utilities to place huge ‘capital’ or
ders for material and machinery in or
der to revive the ‘heavy’ industries which
are large employers,” says an editorial
m the Riverside, California, Enterprise.
“A glance at the present quotations of
utility stocks, which drop with each new’
onslaught of the public ownership bri
gade, makes one wonder how they will
raise the money for an expansion pro
gram.”
Elsewhere, the Enterprise speaks of
demagogic efforts to “harpoon” the
utilities. That describes the situation
aptly. They have been attacked, on the
one hand, with tax-free, subsidized pub
lic competition, and on the other by the
assessment of many special taxes which
have appreciably raised operating cots
and in many instances imperiled the pay
ing of dividends. They have been the vic
tims of an insidious campaign of half
truths and untruths. They have sub
scribed to codes to lower working hours
and raise wages—and in a number of the
states commissions have said definitely
that this increased expense made in the
interest of national recovery, at the re
quest of the President, would not be con
sidered grounds for rate adjustments.
That is the position the utilities are
in now. They have always been among
the first to expand and encourage pro
gress, when community and national in
tersts made it desirable. They have been,
and stib are, one of the two or three
greatest tax-paying and wage-paying
industries. And it is doubtless true that
utility managements are eager to do
their part in buying materials and sup
plies to invigorate other industries. If
they are unable to earn or attract the
capital wrhich would make this possible,
demagogic political policies which have
been undermining them, must take their
full share of the blame.
GLASS WILL BREAK
Insurance men are celebrating the
66th anniversary of the fourth oldest
casualty coverage in the United States
—plate glass insurance.
It was first written in Philadelphia,
where the vanguard of modern shops,
department stores and merchant estab
lishments appeared. Plate glass was then
an expensive property, even as now. In
surance to protect the investment was
demanded.
Today, underwriters count this in
surance as one of their best services in
the public. However, numerous difficul
ties beset them, especially racketeering.
To a racketeer breaking plate glass
seems an obvious means of expressing
his displeasure, settling liabor disputes,
wreaking vengeance, or intimidating
merchants into phony, racket-run “pro
tective societies.” Vandals destroy thou
sands of plates annually with machine
gun bullets, ice cubes, dornicks, stones,
other missies and sprayed acid.
Among the many non-racket haz
ards which threaten the safety of plate
glass, according to the National Bureau
of Casualty and Surety Underwriters,
are wind and hail storms, cold contract
ion, heat expansion, jarring, failing
on display, burglars, explosions, windowT
dressing and cleaning, settling of build
ings, street fights, riot and civil commo
tion, stones thrown by children, stones or
other objects thrown up by automobile
tires, warped window frames, heat from
radiators placed too near to glass, per
sons leaning against windows or showr
cases, articles dropped on show cases,
black paint glass exposed to sun, etc.
The insurer’s business is to replace
this broken glass. Many municipalities
have ordinances compelling its replace
ment within a specified time for the safe
ty of children. The insurance companies
are to be conratulated on this anniver
sary.
BE YOUR OWN FIRE INSPECTOR
An article in Safeguarding Amer
ica Against Fire suggest^ that each
person be his own fire inspector. It
is not a difficult job. and requires
only a little time plus a little know,
ledge. A couple of hours spent in
searching for fire hazards on one’s
property, and planning a program to
eliminate them, may save thousands
of dollars—and something much more
valuable still, human lives.
A good place to begin the inspect
ion tour is in the furnace room. Thou
sands of disastrous fires result from
defective or dirty heating equipment.
Clean out the furnace before it is put
to winter service. See that non burn
able containers are provided for ash.
es. Have the varous parts and con
nections inspected for possible faults.
J Protect any combustible material
wh’ch must be near the furnace, with
asbestos. Make certain that rubbish
and papers and waste are not allowed
to accumulate nearby.
TTie electric wiring is worth look,
ing at next. It’s safe—if it has been
installed by a licensed electrican and
has not been allowed to deterorate.
Many householders, however, haven’t
had it examined since the day it was
put in—many others have committed
the very dangerous practice of mak
ing amateur extensions and additions.
If you’re at all uncertain about it,
call in an expert. Whatever his charge
is, it will be cheap in view of the pro_
tection for person and property you
will receive in exchange.
Keep your eye out for oil or rain,
soaked rags that have been dropped
about in corners. Thousands of spon_
taneous combustion fires occur an
nually because of them. They should
be kept only in closed metal cans.
Another ordinary household hazard
is gasolne. It is often carelessly
stored, in unsafe containers and close
to flame. Its use as a household
cleaner is simply an invitation to
disaster with R S. V P written in
the corner.
Finally, turn your attention to the |
house itself. Has it properly installed
fire.stops ? Are fire extinguishers
handy and in good working order? Is
it really fire resistive, and up to un
derwriters’ standards?
Get going on that inspection tour!'
- I
BUILDING BOOM GETS STARTED
Figures show that the long awaited j
residential construction boom is
beginning to make itself felt. During j
the first half of August, construction
of this type, as reported to F W
Dodge Corporation, totaled $10,876,
000 as against $8,812,300 for the same
period last year—a gain of 23 per
cent. This marked the fourth consecu
tive month in which advances were
made over the comparable months in
1932.
For a number of years there has
been a definite home shortage in
America—for at least three of those
years building was virtually at a
standstill, and existing structures
were subjected to more than usua'
depreciation, because of in attention
to needed repairs. This wasn’t due to
laclf of desire. It was due principally
to lack of funds in thousands of fam
ilies, and to a psychology of fear that
prevented others, having ample funds,
from spending. The first class is re.
tunning to its jobs now, and regular
pay envelopes are brought home on
Saturday nights. The second is dis
covering that rising prices will short
ly make it impossible to obtain new
buildings or to improve old ones at
bargain prices. And both classes are
going into the market for better living
quarters. Still another beneficial in
fluence is the Home Owners’ Loan
Corporation, which makes possible
home financing that could not other
wise be obtained.
Yes, there’s every indication that
we’re on the verge of a major building
revival that will be particularly strik
ing in ttrS"residential field. All who
can should aid the relief program by
taking advantage of low prices for
land and material.
BACK TO THE FARM!
National interest has been aroused
in a suggestion made a short time
ago by Editor Walter P. McGuire of
the Scuthside Virginia News, Peters
burg, Virginia; the suggestion being
that farm boys keep on the farm.
It’s a simple suggestion, and a very
NEGRO RECOVERY GROUP
PLANS DETERMINED BAT
TLE FOR NEGRO RIGHTo"
j WASHINGTON - (CNS) - The
; battle cry of more than three million
| Negroes was sounded Wednesday,
i vvhen John P. Davis, executive seere-'
j tary of the Joyrt Committee on Nat
ior.al Recovery, declared at a banquet
g:ven by the Committee at the White
law Hotel that “the work of Negro
organization., united in the effort to
free black labor from economic, slav
ery will not be done until real dollars
T r-d their way into the pockets of
black workes, and hungry Negro men
and women no longer wander the
| streets jobless.”
Mr. Davis spoke at the banquet
attended by officially designated re
presentatives of fifteen major nation
: 1 organizations who have joined in
the work of the Joint Committee on
National Recovery to secure a square
deal for Negro labor.
Outstanding leaders of both races
were present at the banquet and ex
pressed themselves as onthusastic
over the formation of a united com
mittee of leading racial and inter
racial, church, civic and fraternal or
ganizations. An unduplicated member
ship of more than three million color
ed citizens estimated to have repre
sentation on the Joint Committee.
The following organizations were
reported by Dr. George E. Haynes,
executive secretary of the Race Re
lations Department of the Federal
Council of Churches of Christ of
America, and Chairman of the Joint
Committee to have become members
of the Joint Committee: Alpha Kappa
Alpha Sorority, Alpha Phi Alpha
Fraternity, African Methodist Epis
copal Charch, African Methodist Epis
copal Zion Church, Independent and
Benevolent Order of Elks of the
World, National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People Nat
ional Baptist Convention, U S A ;
Department of Race Relations—Fed
eral Council of Churches of Christ in
America, National Catholic Interracia
Federation, National Negro Bar As
sociation, Negro Industrial League,
National Negro Bar Association, Ne
gro Industrial League, National Ne
gro Business League, National Tech
nical Association, National Board of
the Y W C A , Public Affairs
Committee— and the Women’s Auxi
liary, National Baptist Convention.
Prominent Guests Present
Important guests present at the
banquet included: Miss Andersen,
head of the Women’s Bureau of the
United States Department of Labor,
Mr. Lambert Heinger, Member of the
Industrial Advisory Board of the N.
R A; Miss Mary Va Kleeck, director
of Idustrial studies of the Russell
Sage Foundation, New York; Mr.
Arthur Holden, president of the New
York Urban League; Mr. C. C.
Spaulding, president of North Caro
lina Mutual Life Insurance Company;
President Mordecai Johnsom of How
ard University, Walter White of the
National Association for the Advance
ment of Colored People, Dean Kelly
Miller of Howrard Universiy, Mr.
Chares E. Micthell, former United
States Minister to Liberia, Dean
Charles H. Houston of Howard Uni
versity Law School, Mr. Garnet C
Wilkinson, firs assistant superintend
ent of Schools of this city, Miss
France8 Williams of the staff of the
National Board of the YWCA , Dr.
Clark Foreman, advisor to Secretary
of Interior Ickes on the Economic
status of Negroes; Miss Mabel Byrd
of the Bureau of Research and Plan
ning of the National Recovery Ad
ministration; Mr. Frank Coe of Brook
ins Institute, Miss Elizabeth Eastman
of the National Board of the YWCA.;
A Phillip Randolph, president of the
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters;
and Mr. Channing Tobias of the Nat
ional YMCA.
Other speakers at the banquet were:
Miss Van Kleeck, Mr C C. Spauld
ing, Mr. Walter White, Miss Ander
son, Dr Mordecai Johnson, and Dr.
Robert C Weaver, technical advisor ^
to the Joint Committee.
Committee Sessions Held During Day
Business sessions of the Joint Com
mittee were held at the Whitelaw
during the day and after the banquet.
Complete plans for securing fair
treatment of Negro workers and pro
tecting the interests of Negro con
suming groups were discussed and
approved by the Committee.
o
Sound one. How much unemployment
has been caused by the trek from
farm to city is problematical—but it
would make an impressive total.
These young men, for the most part,
are untrained and inerperienced and
unfitted for factory work. They rare
ly find jobs above the common labor
level. They are the first to be dis
missed when times get hard—and the
last to be taken back when recovery
starts.
They know farming—and the farm
is where they belong, for their own
good and for that of the nation. It is
on the farm that they have their
chance to prosper and live happy and
useful lives. It’s time the trend was
reversed—with the farm boys turned
city boys going home again.