THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT
APRIL 25, J 007.
lfi
tncrtby deprive it of the air that is
needed and it soon dies. Understanding
this simple method by which the louee
is killed, it becomes easy to devise
some means for Its destruction, and
therefore it is not necessary to apply
a poison. There are, any number of
remedies on the market that can be
used effectually for the destruction of
the pest. Many breeders recommend
coal oil. This, of course, has a penetrat
ing power, but it is not so effective as
when made into an emulsion or-when
mixed with some oily substance, such
as oil or grease. With all the remedies
on the market it is quite a problem to
keep ahead -of the lice, for the nits
hatch very fast Many breeders use a
coal tar solution and go over their hogs
with a sprirkllng can during feeding
time, aiming to wet the back of the
ears and , Hanks with the solution.
Others simply use coal oil, mixing it
wllh a soapy emulsion or with some oil.
When hogs are accustomed to being
handled, this is a very handy way .and
quite effectual; but where they are not
used to being handled, they are not
quiet and it becomes necessary to place
them in a small enclosure and then
spray or dip them. Spraying or dipping
hogs is at all times advisable, as it is
the only safe and rational thing to do
If they are infested with lice.
There are ii number of dips on the
market, that have given very good re
sults, such as kresno, zerioleum, and
ehloro-naptholeuni. The coal-tar dips
make a very fine emulsion. The coal
tar solution .should be made in the fol
lowing proportion, which is usually
recommended: 1 part of dip to 75 parts
of water. Soft water is preferable, as
it forms a better emulsion. More satis
factory results are obtained when dips
are used warm, for their penetrating
power is far greater than when used
cold. Cold water and hard water do not
readily emulsify and therefore do not
give the results wished for. When soft
water cannot be obtained, hard water
can be softened as follows: Take three
pounds of, hard soap or ten pounds of
soft soap, and one pound of washing
nod;), and boll with about twenty-five
gallons of ' water until all is well dis
solved. This can be added to every
thousand gallons -of the dip solution.
When these rules are carefully fol
lowed the lice problem will not be so
difficult to handle. Spraying, however,
does not suffice alone. Thorough dis
infection of the breeding pens and
stables should be insisted upon. The
hog pens must be thoroughly cleansed
and the bedding and all the litter
burped.' The coal-tar preparations make
excellent'-' disinfectants" when ' used at
the required strength. The water
- should be as hot as one can comfor
tably handle it. The disinfectant should
reach every part and all the cracks, in
fact everything that may have been
exposed or in any way contaminated
by the affected hogs. This 'is by no
means easy work. It requires care and
persistence. It is on account of the
slack way in which the hog pens are
disinfected that so many failures are
reported by persons not'' having had
the desired results from dipping or
spraying. These failures can be wholly
attributed to the fact that the parties
did not thoroughly disinfect the hog
pens, the bedding, and in fact every
thing that the infected hogs could con
taminate. To sum up, in order to have
good success with dipping, everything
that the affected hogs could possibly
contaminate must be disinfected, either
with slacked lime or with one of the
coal-tar preparations.
Those who do not wish to buy the
dip can make the . following kerosene
emulsion, which has been used with
good success:
Hard soap or whale oil 1-2 pound.
Water, 1 gallon.
Kerosene, 2 gallons.
Dissolve the soap in boiling water
and while still hot add the kerosene
and agitate thoroughly until cool, when
the stock emulsion thus obtained
should bo &t the consistency of thick
cream and without th presence of free
kerosene. When ready for use dissolve
in about twenty times its volume of
water.
Dipping speaks well for Itself, breed
ers who have pyt in a dipping plant
and have dipped faithfully once a
month, many dipping oftener than
that, have found thct it leaves the
vkin in a soft and pliable condition.
which 1 of great Importance. Many
breeder have testified that since they
Imvi- dlpiHl their hoga it has prevented
hojf cholera from gaining a foothold In
th"lr hei.1. it t also a fact that It aids
u well balanced ration, for the hogs
are In a better condition to assimilate
lh i food. It i it fact that all breed
! rannot put in a dipping tank, but
ili.i c who cannot nhnufci us the upray
if oftn and pltc pnfltH In the feed
lot wrap them with burlap, and th'
sitiiw them or Hoak tlu-m with noma
f th dip There pot enable nm of
tn. to rub thmm-lvc and aid
von.K i fully in keeping d'nvn the petit.
i;v rv f ui'Ht who raiw host ithouM
provide mo r more mMm for them.
The i -cut are chraii and ran bo
maintained at a very little cot and
Tb following I the ptui and pei
fKittl" for Tf tin n pi dipping
by any tinner or can be purchased on
the market, and may be used in place
of the wooden one, but the setting and
approaches will remain the same. The
iron tank is highly recommended on
account of its cheapness and durability
in all kinds of weather and climate. A
wooden tank will require 240 feet 2x12
tank lumber, twelve feet 4x6 white pine
or tank lumber, forty feet 4x4, sixteen
feet 2x8, sixteen feet 2x4, twenty-four
feet 3x4. For the approaches and
dripping board will be required ten
feet 2x12 tank lumber, 100 feet 4x4 yel
low pine, sixty feet 2x6, 114 feet 2x4,
162 feet fencing, seventeen pounds 20
penny nails and seven pounds 10-penny
alls, ten square feet of zinc, four T
hinges eight inches. A canvas curtain
hung at the juncture of the crowding
pen and the slide will serve as a blind
and facilitate the driving of the ani
mals. All details of construction may
be ascertained from the accompanying
Fig. 2.
Valuable Information.
A bulletin from the Indiana experi
ment station gives some very practi
cal information in terms any one can
readily understand as to loss the
farmer sustains in skim milk by im
perfect creaming. When we say tlfat
milk separated by the centrifugal
process shows from .01 to .5 per cent
butter fat and from .5 to 1 per cent
fat by the gravity process and varrous
other amounts in other processes of
skimming it Is a little difficult to llg
ure out Just what these various show
ings mean In pounds of butter or dol
lars and cents in the farmer's pocket.
This bulletin from the Indiana station
has figured this all out and gives us
the results pf butter loss from one
cow for one year:
By hand, separator. '..$ .63
By deep setting. ', .v , .'. . 3.99
By shallow pan setting 5.86
By water dilution 6.68
Then the bulletin goes on to show
what- would be the loss in pounds
of butter in a dairy of twenty cows:
Pounds.
Loss by use of hand separator.. t4
Loss by deep setting.. 446
Loss by shallow settfhg..., 595
Loss by water d ilution 678
' With such 'J a "showing as above by
actual experiment any farmer rray
see at a glance what he may gain or
lose under different processes. The
variation of loss in the hard separator
between .01 per cent and .5 per cent
is sufficient to show the thoughtful
farmer the necessity of careful at
tention to his hand separator. The
bulletin above referred to gives dem
onstrations of the variations when the
separator does not run smoothly;
when the milk, is not at the proper
temperature, or when the machine is
run at too great or too low a speed.
These tests show that there may be
from these sources a loss of as much
as twelve or more pounds of bucter
per cow. Quite an amount of the
profit of the farm dairy frequently
goes ut in the skim milk which might
be saved by a little careful attention
given to the hand separator.
Dual Parpune Cows.
The more we improve our farm an
imals the more largely will be in
creased our revenues. The general
Idea among farmers in Nebraska that
they can breed cattle for two pur
poses, milk and meat, is one great
reason for the low production of
dairy product on the average farm
in this state. In our state, whicn ts
Ideal for general farming, nearly every
farmer keeps more or less cows and
the temptation is strong to try to
produce both milk and meat, think
ing thereby to get the mist possible
out of the herd. We would not say
that this combination never exists and
never can, but we must say it onty
exists to a Aery limited extent m
some breeds, perhaps strongl: In me
,'udividuals of those breeds, but it is
so limited that it Is wholly unreliable.
The beef type and the dairy type are
distinct, and the attempt to combine
these by cross breeding baa been, and
is likely to bo more or less of a fail
ure. While crossing In some cases
might prove beneficial, In a great ma
jorlty of cases it does not, and this
practice Is, generally speaking, detrt
mental to the best conditions for
prolit from, the animal!
A grado or crosa bred animal can
not !m sold In the market for a full
blood, and yt we find ail over the
Mate upon farm where dairying la
In proKrex. Nrds headed by Kvf bred
ulrcs. The owner of these brdn are
drivin for profit from ltn , tuts,
and will not set the most from cither.
There I no plmnur In milking cowa
that y bbl no profit, but It H a teal
pleasure to keep i;ro, ktoek that r
turn pood record. Many farmer
are wholly unfitted for ievstui
dlrmeo un.t might find thmPtwi
,jf. lti-r ff dev.it ( M tt
ter.tion to beef production. The two
kinds of business are as distinct as !
are the two types of animals, dairy :
and beef. The largest profits to be
derived are obtained from the best
in each type, and not from a mixture
of the two. We can't all be dairymen,
neither can we all be fat stockmen,
but we carl improve our stock, in
either and reap larger profits by so
doing.
Bacteria. '
Some of the scientific men have a
tendency, it seems to us, to become a
little "dippy" when' taking up the sub
ject of pure milk supply. The endeavor
to guard the milk from the farm which
is brought into our cities, in order
that it may be, in the judgment of
the scientist, absolutely . pure, would
entail such cost that only the extreme
ly rich would be able to use it and then
only in small quantities. It seems to
be the theory that a can of milK is
the ideal breeding place for every form
pf hurtful bacteria, and the carryall
by which they are borne to human
internal organisms. And so fwhen we
take a glass of milk with our noon
day lunch or give baby his bcvl of
Isread and milk we take our lives in
our hands, so to speak, and also ex
pose baby to all . the terrors of diph
theria, scarlet fever, typhoid and all
other terrible ; things. Then too the
trouble is ordinary pasteurzation don't
do any good, for these bacteria are
just naturally looking around all the
time everywhere ready to pounce intd
the milk, even after we have it in the
glass and ready to drink. Then, too,
just one single gtrm taken in with the
milk, under favorable conditions, pro
ceeds to multiply and increase till cur
whole interior ""is- all filled up with
them.' Many people reading these re
ports of our scientists grow nervrus,
and become afraid to even look on
the milk in the cup, lest at the last
it may sting like the adder. Let no
one get alarmed about bacteria in
milk. See to it that the milk is clean,
kept in clean vessels and has no pre
servative to prevent souring in it, and
Uhert"old folks and babies need have
no fear of destructive bacteria or in
jurious germs. Clean milk is a most
wholesome and perfect, food. ,., i
Clean .Milk.
Clean milk can be obtained only by
keeping the dirt out. When dirt is once
in machinery it is of little avail. If the
energy used in providing apparatus for
taking dirl cut of milks was applied
to keeping it out in the first place,
there wpuld doubtless be less poor dairy
pijatict&, and less occasion for pure
food laws as applied to them. The fol
lowing little poem gives an all too
faithful picture on many farms:
The Dairymaid's tteplj.
Once when the milkmaid went to milk,
I went along, and this I saw:
The cow first rubbed around the stack,
And filled her hair with dust and straw;
Then every time she switched her tail,
She brushed.;. off litter in ; the pail. ,
A green worm anxiously in search '
Of quart?rs fit to winter in, .
Was hurrying frantically along,
Somewhat belated in her spin;
She never made her house of silk,
For, lo! she tumbled in the milk! .
The cow stood In some cowshed ooze,
That worked up soft, between her toes;
A big fly came with pompous buzz
And set tied, down upon her nose;
She promptly raised her foet and struck it
Plumping something in the bucket.
The milking done, the maid arose;
In either hand she had a pall,
The milk stool hanging over one,
Its leg supported by the bail, j
And from it dropped the stuff that stuck
When she withdrew it from the muck.
I ventured then a mild reproof:
I told the maid just what I'd seen.
She smiled, and said that at the well
She had a strainer white and clean;
That through its meshes, soft as silk.
Nothing could ever pass but milk.
National Farmer and Stockman.
Soil Fertility.
One of the profits in dairying seldom
recorded nnd one that should not be
overlooked, Is the improvement of the
soil by this industry. Here in Netraska
with what now stems to us an inex?
hautible soil,' we give little thought to
the matter of. the retention and in
crease of tho fertility of our land In
many parts of the state we are skim
ming the cream from our land, turning
Its fertility Into corn, wheat and othr
cereuU and then sending out this fer
tility through the levators, with no
thought as to the results of this policy.
To see what will happen if this method
is generally pursued we need only to
examine sume of tho eldest farms In
this rtate, end we will find they are r.ot
on-half as productive today n they
were twenty-five year r,.. If we am
to retain our soil productive new we
must build It up. Intelligent dairying
will do more In this direction than any
other bulncH" In which we can engige.
The feed dtmandd for dairy cattle s
of jnieli nature that Instead Of d-plet
Ing the Bull they add to Us fertility.
IV lure, tho kt-a for hay, clover end
:ili.ilfa. all tend not only to the reten
tion but to the building up of the noil'
fertility, o that a farm that in devoted
to dairy In bevoino better m the tune
oM on. Tii frar wh tikes off mm
IL
MRS. LOUIS LACOMB.
SUFFERED FOR MONTHS.
Operation Advocated Saved
'' . By Pe-ru-na.
Mrs. Louis Laco mD, Hayward, Wt..
writes ',
"1 have followed your treatment at
closely a I could and am now entirely
well.
"We had two doctors and one said
that i would have to have ao operation
performed before could regain my
health.
"We then decided to writ you a to
my condition, as I had been suffering
nearly a year witb s&var pain and
headaches at times so that 1 could
Fcarcely stand np. , .
"Now, t feel to well after a short
treatment witb your remedy, and am
so grateful that I do not know how to
express my thanks.
"I thank you many times for the kind
advice I hare had from you."
Mrs. Laura Benyo. 024 Ann St.. Cin
cinnati. Ohio, writes r "I am entirely
cured of catarrh of the bronchiai tubes
p.y.Peruua," ,,
crops year by year and sends them
away through the elevators is like the
man who is writing checks against his
bank account. Unless he keeps making
deposits he will reach tho time when
his account is all drawn out. So the
farmer will eventually draw out all his
stored up soil fertility unless he keeps
adding t" it. Our population is increas
ing at a rapid; rate. With this increase
in population comes an increased de
mand for all the products of the farm.
Tho intelligent management of the land
to meet these increasing demnnc's upon
it is one of the nost important prob
lems of tho farmer today. The keeping
of dairy cewt, is one factor in the solu
tion of this problem, and awery large
one. ' '-': -i- - -. ."
Andre Autard, who makes John D.
Rockefeller's wigs, is a - plump and
elegant Frenchman with thin black
hair, a rich black mustache and black
and sparkling eyes.
M. Autard has a shop in the best
quarters of Paris. Here all the world
goes to be shaved, ondulated, mas
saged. And here an American talked
to the great hairdresser about the ex
orbitant duty that Mr. Itockefeller
had to pay on hia last wig.
"It was sf-rp practice," said M.
Autard, in the fluent English that he
learned in London. "To compel Mr,
Rockefeller to pay such a duty was
hardly honest. Sharp practice it was
like tho way I was treated in my
apprenticeship.
"When I was learning bartering I
applied for a post in London. The
patron eagaged me at a certain wage
and at the end of our talk he said:
" 'Of course it is understood that you
speak both French and English.
" 'Yes, .Jr. I responded quickly;
'and Dutch also.
" 'We have no dealings with Dutch
men here, said he, 'Therefore I will
take one-third off that salary," '
PURE MOUSY
From Producer
tit Consumer
One or more ftHb, can, tvoo acta.
Four or more 10-lb, can, ft 09 each.
AtldretM
Alio Apiary Supplies, I". A, SNELl,
Cttalagm Tr. KiH4tvij, t