MARCH 14, 1907.
0
THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT
The enemies of the dogs in Massa
chusetts are said to have given up all
hope of achieving anything while this
pioneer protector of animals still lives.
From this time on Mr. Harriman is
going to give the public his confidence,
but the public mustn't ask for any
thing more than that. ,
If taxation can drive notes and mort
gages into hiding on April 1, why
mlgnt it not drive obiectionaDie signs
out of sight all the year round? In
stead of prohibiting them, as some
cities propose to do, a New York legis
lator would impose a tax of twelve
cents a square foot on all signs everywhere-having
an area of more, than
thirty-two square feet.
The decision of the Pennsylvania
railroad to increase the limit of age at
which new employes may be taken on
from thirty-five to forty-five years
merely reflects the condition of scarcity
in the .labor market. The company
prefers to fill all vacancies with young
men, and the increase in the age limit
indicates that under present conditions
they are not to be had in the desired
abundance.
A Minnesota newspaper suggests that
saloon licenses ought to be issued di
rectly to the brewers rather than to
the irresponsible dummies who are
projected into the business by them.
That might do in Minnesota, but in
Nebraska, where the man who retails
intoxicants must first be shown to
possess a "good moral character," the
same as an applicant for a teacher's
certificate, that would never do at all.
Negro railway mail clerks will con
tinue to take chances on having to
work in the same cars with white
clerks, notwithstanding a desire
among some of the latter that runs be
Bo arranged that this will not happen.
That is to say, mail clerks will be
treated as men, not as whites and
negroes. Uncle Sam could hardly do
otherwise, and the only recourse of
the men who wish to be exclusive is
to resign.,
Current comment upon the retire
ment of Senator Spooner shows the
need for an , efficient information
bureau of some kind at the national
capital. The Outlook, for example,
finds the resignation to be a "publie
calamity" and the cause of it "near
being a public disgrace," for it be
lieves mat tne senator goes out oi
public life because of poverty and be
cause the senatorial salary does not
leave him any margin to support his
family and provide for Ms old age. The
"Wisconsin people who understand the
senator to be worth from half to three
quarters of a million dollars will nat
urally receive the Outlook's views
npon the resignation with a skeptical
grin.
In response to many requests for in
formation it may be well to explain: !
Under the "open primary" you go to
the polls and are handed all the tickets
offered by different parties. Ton enter
the booth, vote as a republican or
democrat or a prohibitionist or as a
socialist, poke all the ballots into the
box and go away without telling Any
body what primary you participated in.
Under the "closed primary" you de
clare your party affiliation and receive
the ballot of that party only on which
to mark your preferences.
Politicians as a rule prefer the
"closed primary" , because they believe
it helps keep up the party organiza
tion. Political idealists prefer the
"open primary" because they believa
it gives better government.
An article by C, D. Howard of the
Now Hampshire experiment station
will serve jointly to warn candy deal
ers and candy buyers against adulter
ated sweets. Glucose, which enters
largely into the manufacture of cheap
candies, is frequently treated with
concentrated bisulphite of soda to
bleach it, and remove a tendency to
stickiness in the candy product.
Numerous samples examined showed
the presence of considerable quanti
ties of sulphurous acid, enough to
bring the person to blame for its
presence into direct relations with the
enforcer of the pure food law. This,
of course happens only In case the
bad candy la made in another state.
Until the Nebraska legislature give
us a pure food law Nebraska people
can protect themselves from adulter
ated goods nly by refusing to pat
ronize home Industry-
Militiamen, cadets and others who
have "drilled" know no more familiar
command of their early training than
some form of "chests out, stomachs
In," or the less elegant substitute
command common to the drill squad.
The Ideal soldierly bearing has been
en the order of the puffer pigeon for
chest prominence. It Is reported that
an this Is to be done away with In
the lUltlsh srmy and the Kwedlh
method substituted. It Is claimed the
eipandrd chest U bad for the heart.
and that the whole formula is un
natural and therefore impractical.
The repudiation of this athletic no
tion after more than a hundred years
of acceptance will tend to increase
skepticism ot all athletic, hygienic,
medical and dietetic creeds. This can
hardly be helped as long as it seems
possible to confront high authority
for any notion along these lines with
equally high authority for a. conflict
ing idea;
It is considered settled around the
county court houses of Nebraska that
the primary bin will pass, and that aU
of the nominations will be made under
it for the next election. Hence a gen
eral stirring around and numerous an
nouncements of candidates. Other
thtn3 being equal, the primary Is ad
vantageous to the men in the court
houses. They have had a chance to de
velop a big acquaintance. If they have
also been efficient officers or deputies
or even cierks, they have a. better
chance for getting a nomination than
men on the outside. The system of di
rect nomlLArions is counted a good
thing for young men who have served
a few years in deputy positions - and
feel that it is time for a promotion. It
is also a comfort to officials to have
served only one term with a good -record.
They wlU be nominated again
without trouble unless an unusual
combination of circumstances is made
against them-
What does "Uncle Joe" Cannon
mean by selling his Nebraska farms?
Throughout the winter the speaker
has engaged in what in Wall street
they call profit - taking. The Cass
county farm is typical. Bought in
1901 for $15,580. Rising prices gen
erally, assisted perhaps by an effort
to tax cash and securities, drove the
price upward until now he cashes in
for $27,115. Why? His salary has
just been raised, so he can not need
the money. Perhaps from the attitude
of the speakership he see an oncoming
storm and decides to take in sail.
Maybe he really thinks Nebraska land
is as high as it Is going to be, and
wants to put his money into "west
ern" land. Perchance he supposed the
duty on Philippine sugar would be
reduced to the great detriment of Ne
braska agriculture, or feels that the
failure of the ship subsidy spells dis
aster to the farmers. The speaker is
as foxy an Investor as politician, if
we may Judge by his success in either
role. It would be almost a& interest
ing to know why he . withdraws his
capital from Nebraska as to know who
he really expects will be the next
president. .... - . , ,
Some spreading, of the idea of a gen
eral interest lobby to offset the special
interest lobby with which we are only
too familiar is Indicated by recent
movements in New York. The citizens
union was formed in New York city
after J public spirited men had been
forced to the conclusion that it was im
possible to depend upon their repre
sentatives in the legislature io defend
legitimate fights and 1 interests of the
city. It is now proposed to form a coal
ition of this and local organizations of
the kind in other parts of the state for
the purpose of establishing a central
organization to devote Its efforts to all
state and local affairs, opening the way
to full publicity of the acts of the. leg
islature and the votes and conduct of
each member. As the members of the
Nebraska legislature have no doubt
learned long since, the legislation which
lobbies ask to be passed in the interest
of business is commonly In the interest
of one business or locality at the ex
pense of all the rest. Well intentioned
members of any legislature would not
resent an organized effort to expose
such, schemes. Not the least value to
such movements is the local civic spirit
which they tend to generate.
At a time when political feeling ran
high even for Colorado, when import
ant cases were being adjudicated by
the state supreme court strictly along
party lines, Senator Patterson's papers
cartooned and lampooned the court
very much as If it were any other
political body. The senator was haled
before the court for contempt, fined
$1,000 and ordered to Jail till the fine
should be paid. Mr. Patterson ad
mitted his responsibility for the
articles In question, and by way of
defense offered to prove that they
were accurate and Justifiable. The
court refused to hear his evidence on
this point. Mr. Patterson then ap
pealed to the supremo court, claiming
that In punishing him for alleged
"wanton defamation" without giving
him a chance to prove that the articles
were neither wanton nor defamatory
but the truth, Involves a violation of
sacred constitutional rights. The de
cision In the case, which Is now being
heard In Washington, will be of Im
portance as denntng to some eitent
the freedom of the press In criticism
of the cfMirts, al the defensive rights
of persons accused of contempt nnd
halM before, a bench which Is at once
Judge, jury, and complaining wltnrM,
QUESTION - BOX
A bets that the population of Des
Moines, la., has decreased from 1900 to
1907 In proportion to the increase of
population in Lincoln during that time.
Kindly decide.
We presume you would not be satis
fled with anything less certain than
official figures, and there have been
no official figures for Lincoln since
1900. Des Moines has made a good in
crease, and Lincoln also.
Kindly explain the system of gov
ernment recently established in
Persia.
Since the establishment of a legis
lature, the constitution recognizes the
sovereign power as vested in the dy
nasty of the Khajars. The rulers must
govern, however, in co-operation with
the representatives of the nation, and
In conformity with its laws. The ex
ecutive power is exercised by the shah
through his ministers. Whether the
latter are to bold office at the pleasure
of the parliament, Is one of the mooted
questions. The legislative power is
vested in a popular chamber, elected
for two years and comprising at pres
ent 162 members, a number which may
be increased to 200, and a senate of
sixty members," of whom half are
elected and half nominated. - Laws
may be originated by parliament or
by the government, and afjer being
passed by both houses receive the
royal' sanction, which would appear to
be a formality, since the right of veto
is not conceded. Financial bills may
originate only in the chamber. The
shah may dissolve the lower house in
case of conflict with the senate, but
the consent of two-thirds of the latter
body is necessary to such action, and
it may be exercised only once in two
years. New elections must follow
within a' month, and the chamber as
sembles immediately after the close of
the elections, irrespective of the ab
sence of members from the more dis
tant provinces. Freedom of the press
is guaranteed.
Please give the number of
and sheep in the United States
. worses.
Number,
Maine 115,500
New Hampshire
Vermont
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
60,600
92,721
80,800
13,667
Connecticut 60,345
New York
New Jersey
695,877
101,886
Pennsylvania 607,010
Delaware 36,503
Maryland 158,180
Virginia
307,920
West Virginia M6.850
North Carolina 185,846
South Carolina 83,096
Georgia 139.297
Florida 51,278
Ohio 940,440
Indiana 798,102
Illinois 1,575,000
Michigan 696,518
Wisconsin ........ 637,500
Minnesota 723,141
Iowa 1,390,950
Missouri 948,420,
North Dakota 680,880
South Dakota 548,760
Nebraska 994,850
Kansas . 1,085,750
Kentucky . 887,327
Tennessee 315,435
Alabama 158.245
Mississippi 257,295
Louisiana 224,076
Texas 1,277,641
Indian Territory 296,400
Oklahoma . 432,361
Arkansas . 278,761
Montana 291,970
Wyoming 119,054
Colorado 261,655
New Mexico 119,258
Arizona 99,249
Utah . 113,827
Nevada ................... 96,541
Idaho ; 143,651
Washington 296.400
Oregon ........mu. 282,240
California ......4. 391,630
horses
Sheep.
Number.
267,325
78,292
223,087
44,573
8,050
33,566
1,120,000
44,198
1,102,058
12,104
164,873
612,261
675,000
223.965
60,034
276,632
101,255
8,140,720
1,190,828
777,022
2,108,795
1,023,933
43C.593
703,902
697,500
674,409
863,980
457,834
233,581
1,060,000
844,954
189,729
183,289
189,142
1,665,963
30,977
58,385
295,741)
6,636,711
4.9X6,796
1,677,561
4,559,365
859,397
2,853,250
U09.977
i.tf,133
824429
2,688,000
2,422,423
Jan. 1. 1907. .i. 13.746,583 53,240,282
Year 1906 18,718,578 50,631.619
Is the question of who was the
youngest soldier of the civil war set
tled yet?
It seems not. One of the latnsjt
claims is put forward for Colonel Ber
nard F. McGuire, who lives at 231
West 139th street New York. With
the consent of his parents. Colonel
McGuire enlisted and was accepted the
5th day of May, 1SGL at the age of
twelve years and two months. lie
entered the army as a drummer boy,
but he had a higher ambition, and as
soon as h got to the front he punched
holes) In his drum, "by no accident,"
said his superior officer, and carried a
musket until mastered out on the litb
dy of October, IStt. He proved a
faithful and efficient warrior, and took
part In a groat number of bntUee and
skirmishes, Including the fights at Big
Bethel. Moiiocacy Junction, siege of
lurt Hudson (fortyfl.ve days), Saline
('roes Heads. Pleasant Hill. Cane
Kiver, Ced.tr Creek, Va., and numer
ous feaa Important event a lie saw
General Sheridan in his great ride of
twenty miles, being one of the thou
sands who cheered his welcome to the"
demoralized 1 wing of the army at the
battle of Cedar Creek.
What is at present the longest tun
nel In existence?
The Simplon, under the Alps, twelve
miles long.
Does the amount or paper according
to population signify anything regard -
jug me uevetupiueiii. vi us jjcujuc .
We should think so. Judge ljor your
self from this: The consumption per
head in Canada and the United States
is almost 18 kilos (a kilo equals 2.2046
pounds), in England 17, in Norway 14,
in Sweden 13, in Switzerland 12, and
about 10 kilos in France, Belgium,
Holland and Australia; but It fluctu
ates between 1 and 2 kilos only in
Hungary, Russia, Finlund. Brazil,
MexicQ and Japan, and falls to 100
grams (2.5274 ounces) in India, where
the use of paper is limited.
Are cardinals of the Catholls church
chosen with reference to the Catholic
population of the different countries?
No. You will see from this table:
.' Catholic. .... .
Country. Population, Cardinals.
Italy I.. 82,000,000 1,
Spain , 19,000,000 6
Portugal 6,000,000 1
Austria-Hungary ....30,00f,000 I
Germany ...20,000,000 I
France . 40,000,000 4
Great Britain 1.600,000 0
Ireland 8,000,000 I
United States ......... 8,000,000 1
Please print the record of pugilistic
championships since Sulllvans time.
1882 John L Sullivan defeated
Paddy Ryan, champion of America,
Mississippi City, Miss.; (London
prize-ring rules), 9 rounds, Feb. 7.
IRSfi Jem Smith beat Jack Davis
on the Surrey and Sussex border, for
$500 a side and championship of
England.
1887 Jake Kilrain and Jem Smith,
a draw, 106 rounds. $10,000 and the
championship. Isle St. .Pierre, France.
Dec. 19.
1889 Jem Smith and Frank P. Sla
vln fought to a draw', 14 rounds, for
$2,600 a side and championship of
England, Burges, Dec. 23.
1891 Robert Fitzsimmons defeated
Jack Dempeey, . middleweight , cham
pion of the world, 13 rounds, New Or
leans, Jan. 14.
1891 James J. Corbett and Peter
Jackson fought their memorable draw,
61 rounds, San Francisco Cal., May
21. Declared "no contest" by referee.
1892 James J. Corbett beat John L
Sullivan, championship of America, 21
rounds, New Orleans, La, Sept. 7.
1894 James J. Corbett beat Charles
Mitchell, of England, 3 rounds, Jack
sonviUe, Fla., Jan. .25.
1895 Peter Maher, by gif t. " He beat
Steve O'Donnell in 1 round in 1 min
ute 3 seconds, at Maspeth, L. I., Nov.
11, and was given the championship
by James J. Corbett, who retired.
1896 Robert Fitzsimmons beat Peter
Maher in 1 round, in 1 minute 35 sec
onds, in Mexico, opposite Langtry,
Tex., Feb. 2L
1897 Robert Fitzsimmons won un
disputed title from James J. Corbett.
at Carson, Nev., in 14 rounds, Mar. 17.
1899 James J. Jeffries beat Robert
Fitzsimmons at Coney Island, N. Y.,
in 11 rounds, June 9.
1899 James J. Jeffries won from
Thomas Sharkey on points, Coney
Island, N. Y., in 25 rounds, Nov. 8.
1900 James J. Jeffries knocked out
James J. Corbett, 23 rounds, Coney
Island, N. Y., May 11.
1901 James J. Corbet won " from
Hank Griffin in 4 rounds at Los An
geles, Sept. 17; knocked out Joe Ken
nedy in 2 rounds at Los Angeles, Sept.
24, and won from Ous. Ruhlin in 5
rounds at San Francisco, Nov. 15.
1905 James J. Jeffries knocked out
$91
Pe b mosth, expenses adranded. Men
to travel, collect names, advertise
and distribute lamplsa. Permanent.
Saunders Co , Dep. 5, 6th av. Chicago
Want Goluoiin
If you want to buy, sail or ex.
change anything; if you have
a farm to rent or want to rent
farm, a small advertisement
In this column will bring about
the desired result Try it
only 2 cents a word. No ad. '
vertiaement for less than 30
cents first insertion. All ini
tials) and numbers counted as
words. Cash with order. Ad
dress
A tl.M rasor for 65 ceeta; and a watrn-1
a good timekeeperfor t cents, out
paid. Bend for catalogue. Wesura
Huppy Co., Central Otjr, Neb.