THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT
FEBRUARY 21, 1907
., rt i ljtifr (hooo 4kstfcf f Ha liia
wn. pet up In tiv long, dark tunnel
under the Physics building and a tiny
point of light, like an artificial star,
formed by the L'jn's image re
Hinted from the polished surface of a
then mometcr bulb; this point of light
was examined through the lens and
. the accuracy with which the rays of
light were brought to a focus was
tded ' for different parts of the lens.
Hut using in addition a glass prism,
the action of, the lens on each of the
several colors of which light is com
po..ed was separately tested.
In the earli'-r tests it was found that
the central parts of the lense had slight
ly too much curvature,,, although the
error was so small that rays of light
from the, different parts of the lens
em- together in the name' point In
the l'Kai plane within less than one
one-hundredth of an inch. Some Idea
of the precision called for in modern
optical work may be formed from the
V fact that this Imperfection meant the
removal of a film of glass only about
one one-thousandth' of " an inch in
UWcKiwhm from the surfaxe. of the loiu.
ijv, . Aiinnieii at once sum mat ne.couia
reduce even this small error; and he
' , han suciV'ded in doing .so; the final
tests for this ."spherical aberration,"
as it Is. called, showed that the rays
of light from different parts of the
lens when brought, to a focus at a
distance of eighteen feet away now
fall within one one-thousandth of an
Inch of the same point in the focal
plane, ho that they might be hidden
behind a grain of sand one-tenth as
large as the dot over this letter "."
The -machinery for operating ' this
big optic tube" will constitute an
up-to-date mounting, combining some
, of 'the excellences and conveniences
for manipulation which have been de
Tised in recent years by several of our
leading telescope makers. Before de
signing this mounting Professor Swe
zey made a careful study of three of
the large telescopes in the west, each
- built by a different maker. The de
tailed designs are being prepared hy
one of the students who has already
cjvuili'ji;the .drawings for about half
of the several hundred parts i ,, of " the
mechanism,
The Nebraska press .i apparently
as n-aiiy unanimous in favor of the
county option as it has been m favor
of anti-pass, direct primary and
freight rate legislation; and that Is
paying a great deal. The position of
the Beatrice- Times is typical. To
quote1: J"It 'cannot be gainsaid that
the pvopHrr in the rural . districts .JuiveJ
an interest on one side or the other
in the question of whether saloons
shall be run in the towns where they
trade. The magnitude of this interest
in comparison with the interest of the
peopl.; living immediately in such
towns should, it would seem, determine
the general propriety or impropriety
, of county local option as a matter of
principle. The Ti.7ie,s inclines to the
belief that the best way to settle this
"piestioii .is for ell interests to discuss
it with it view of reaching a sane con
clusion. There is one point that should
not be lost .sight of. It is this: Mor
ally, there is no defense for the o.oen
saloon except that of expediency.
fJradirilly. but si. rely, it is becoming
outlawed in all parts of the country
outi.. of the large cities and other
localities drndnalecl by some special
interest. No step toward its annihil
ation is too drastic unless it U over
done fo the benefit of the saloon. With
these facts in mind,, the people of
4t:f o:.ip;!t to ma!'? ' free to let
their legislators at Lincoln know their
wishes- on the question of local op
tion, inosniuch as -it was not an issue
in the late campaign."
Farm hands in England are not
migTatory. A certain farm in Wit
shire has a insula r staff of six men
and two hoys w ho havo. served for the
following periods; Forty six years .s
months, 44 years S months, 32 years S
months, L'G years " months, 14 years
11 mouths. I years 11 months, f years
ti months, 3 years 9 months. There is
thus an aggregate of 17'J years of
Kfl'Vii-f.
Immigrants into Canada for the past
year numbered, according to the Lon
don Times. 2tr,012. an increase of 71.
294 on the previous ytur. of thr.s--immigrant
tin4 I'.ritish numbered tS,
2S7, thoKe Hum the I'nlted States KIL
TS! and th(,. from the continent of
Europe .V..S7I.
Ollleial siatistics nhuw that sowuty
flvo peoplo lost their lives while 4 limb
ing the Alps lat year. I he total num
ber -f kliUd nod injured I.m at least
:) . .
Ah l,7.'"o ;u i H
tttl.,H Vo.
Kruw tho wiii'M'n
A SUCCESSFUL COMBINATION
TP.. C ?nb!nathin il dir. f ir fan-
r nl Tinn.tr I a roci.snlsvl xue.
v,i, llfwure f imitator. Writ. to- i
d lV' t" tlui MrtKluator fr hi fire '
..e,V.,, Ie. 1, Ji, ltyt, 3H .. lilin-.N i
h! . In. 1 hunt i-oll, ?vl, 1
The direct primary bill will be pre
set, ted to the legislature early in the
week. As drafted, it contains in the
main the ideas of the Dodge bill amj a
number of provisions in a bill draft 1
by Representative E. P. Brown. TlV
principles of the Dodge bill have been
tried in Douglas county where there
has been very little fault finding with
those who have looked at results and
counted them by the general character
of the nominees.
Many members of the legislature,
who are now working for the direct
primary are doing so because of the
platform planks of the two parties. At
the meeting of the joint committee a
number were inclined to shy at the pri
mary Idea because of its novelty and
yet wherever in the state there hits
been a . primary the ' people have been
satisfied. 1
. . -' . ' " '
Representative Baker of Yoi'k county
is a true disciple of Roosevelt, having
a family of twelve, boys and two girls.
One of the notable developments of
the session has been the apparent
unanimity of interest between the old
and the new telephone, companies. The
bill calling all telephone companies
common carriers would fall as heavily
upon the independent concerns as upon
the Bell interests. In neither house or
senate has the measure been reported
out of the committee. This common
interest was noticed at the outset when
opposition was manifested ' by eat'i
company to the physical connection
bill.
Representative Dodge of Douglas sat
last Friday evening in the big house
committee room just outside the room
where the finance ways and mean
committee was listening to the argu
ments ,of Lincoln ladies in favor of the
orthopedic- hospital. He heard the
earnestness ' of their pleas and ; ' re
marked: "I'm glad they did not get at
me." Mr. Dodge had just a few hours
before dictated a bill for the remo-V
of the hospital from Lincoln to Omaha.
A problem that is puzzling the mem
bers of the legislature or one that will
soon give them much trouble, is the
question ;.. of appropriations for the
maintenance qf the stateV government.
"Tne last legislature appropriated ' &'ver
$3,000,000 for the biennium. It is
thought by some that this legislature
may have to exceed the amount given
by the last , legislature. It is argued
that the cost of living is increasing,
that the needs of the state are increas-.
ing owing to an increase in the num
ber of wards of the state, and yet
there is a desire on" the part of the
legislators to keep the expenses down
to the lowest ' possible point.
It has struck -members forcibly that
the demand for now salaried positions
is beyond that confronting any other
legislature. There has been objection to
the maintenance of some of the state
departments now existing, ye, in the
face of this there are bills before the
legislature creating many new depart
ments, many of which will cost con
siderable money and if once created
may never be abolished. There are bills
cre-ttlng additional salaried positions
in the food commissioner's department,
creating a fire commission to inquire
into the origin of fires, and a bee
commission. The railway commission
was "created, by the adoption of a con
ditional amendment last fall.
The voices of railroad men, so otter,
attuned to tones of command, . were
with great difficulty brought down to
the tremulo pt appeal at the recent pub
lic hearings. J. E. Kolby, "attorney for
the Burlington had the greatest . diffi
culty of any to put tears in his voice,
but a.laige majority of his hearers,
and a majority of the members of the
legislature, have not yet get done
talking about bin statement that tho
railroads had pondeird and even
gilevcd heeause they could find no way
wh-reby they ct uld get back any of
their taxes after they had once been
paid, llenco they have not paid their
taxes hi up lfloi. when tho new revenue
law went Into effect. It has occurred to
reine of the member h that the railroads
mlht have thought of that hpn
method which Individual taxpayer uri
compelled to follow, thut of paying tho
taxes asseued against them vtu then
pi H-eedlng In the emits t recover
whatever pail may have ban AHmHM
ilUg!ly. Still, mime lawyers say It
can't bo doiuv
Senator Cluike of Adams mad an
earnest effort la.u week to htvt the
sen ile approvt hi bill abolUhtnic capi
tal u riUIuiient and Jiutead nf tho
pie?. ?,! uk ..titdi.il taw, reitiire tint pir
; s,- I t.-.l ,,f ii it., r lii th. ftn
o. -5 b nt -ne "il t-i th i"i(t -uttary i
r.-r life. 11. f ill. . , p.n h pre llet..
thit ih time would (uinti whtn tt.i
LEGISLATIVE
death sentence would be abolished for
some other punishment, as was- the
rack and the screw and the beheading
machine. Epperson of Clay, although
generally a mild mannered man, made
a speech in which he said he would
willingly go to the penitentiary and
help the warden hang some of hia can
didates for a necktie party. He men
tioned a , Buffalo county man as one
who ought to have been put to death,
but said this man is now alive in the
penitentiary waiting for the time when
home governor will pardon him and
set him free upon society. Senator Ep
person said if he were a governor and
there was a law like the ono in Kan
sas he would take a day off and issue
orders to hang a bunch, of candidates
for the deMh sentence. Aldrich of But
ler, opposed the bill on the ground that
a life sentence means in Nebraska a t
average t imprisonment of about seven
years. - -
When, the first public hearing on
primary matters was granted. Repre
sentative Wilson of Custer asked why,
under the primary system, the repub
lican party of Lincoln could not pro
duce a man good enough to be elected
mayor,. with the big republican ma
jority, and why Omaha was given over
to the democrats at the same time.
Representative Clarke 'of Douglas in
answering the questions, mentioned
that a law. governing the selection of
candidates was meant to bring out. the
expression of the people. It was not
a law for a party, but one foV the
public at large. In Oma.ia the ques
tion involved at the city election was
"beer or more beer," and "more beer",
won. Lincoln citizens explained that
excise and corporation problems com
plicated the contest hei;e in a similar
manner.
But in Lincoln the full history
of the primary in the last ten years
is the most complete vindication for
the system that anybody could ask. It
has cleaned un the1 politics of tho
town, taken the city offices away from
the old-fasflioned bosses, and on the
whole has given the people a clean
and efficient government. Up to ten
years ago tin; D. E. Thompson gas ma
chine controlled the city. In 1895 or
thereabouts the council was induced
to take snap judgment one night, ex
tending for five years a lighting con
tract that did not expire for about six
months. That is a sample' of the way
the old-fashioned bosses mnnnsrorl
things when they owned the council.
niveryDoay in J.ancoin knows that the
ou
oaawj the
lap
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.
! lip If 'vn 1 ili
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i
CRACKER Q CANDY CO.
"Th Molirn Dak!"
Mothers! Mothers?? Mothersfft
Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup
has been used for over SIXTY YEARS by Mil
I.IONS of MOTHERS for their CHILDREN
while TEETHING, with PERFECT SUCCESS.
It 8C0TIIES the CHIIJ), SOFTENS the GUMS,
AUAY8 all PAIN ; CURES WIND COUC, and
is the best remedy for DIARRHCCA. Sold by
Druggists ia every part of the world. Ee sure
ud ask for "Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup,"
aad take no other kind. Twenty-five cts. a bottle.
most potent factor in bringing about
the change has been the direct pri
mary. '.
Some of the members of the state
railroad commission refuse to get ex
cited over the various forms proposed
for the 2 -cent fare law. "If the law
holds lire in the courts," it is pointed
out, "all well ind good. It didn't need
the Brown amendment. If the law is
knocked out, the commission still has
the powr to put a reduced rate into
effect wherever the business will jus
tify it. If the commission and the law
are botii knocked out, then it will be
necessary io start all oyer again, any
way." DAXGfOU .IX HA IV POItK.
. LINCOLN", Neb., Feb. 19. To the
Editor of The Indeiiendent: The re
cent ases of trichinosis occurring in
this state at Hastings and Fremont
emphasize th4 fact that pork eaten
raw, or even not thoroughly cooked, is
dangerous to life. No law could be
passed by the legislature that would
compel a bacteriological examination of
every carcass that was killed for home
consumption, and it is only in this way
the trichina can be discovered and the
meat products condemned. For this
reason we must depend upon the press
of the state to make known to the peo
ple in the most public way the danger
there is in eating raw pork. This
knowledge should also be taught in all
schools, and a full discussion of the
subject then be had in our homes.
(Signed) S. K. SPALDING,
State Health Inspector.
What crazy things people d under
the head of "trading!" It is usually
a good thing to be suspicious of a man
who is always 'trading;" such men
are often unreliable.
Next Time
You Go
ToTewini
get a big package of Loose -Wiles Sodas
the modern package crackers crisp and
snappy wholesome and fresh, and packed
to stay so.
Don't even look at the box crackers,
made from no one knows what and by
who knows who.
Of course, they're bulky, but when they
are bruised and broken and crumbled in
a paper sack and you stop to think it was
crackers. you wanted, anyway, and not
crumbs, their bulk begins to shrink.
1 4.4. T Tfr'i i
uciici any juuusc - vv ucs ooaas
big 25 c package, and get your
i monev's worth of real crackers rrisn
clean fresh convenient.
A-
Made by the Loose -Wiles modern
method of baking from soft winter
wheat flour wholesome nutritious.
Fresh to the last in their Triple Pro
tection package.
Just say a big package of Loose
Wiles Soda Crackers. Your dealer
likes to sell them.
KANSAS CIW
U.S.A.
