14
THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT
APRIL 23, 1903.
Nebraska Corn Show . '
Those who are intending to prepare
" an exhibit for, the Winter Corn Show
in January, 1904, and-who are not
familiar with the manner, in which
the corn was Judged at the last ex
hibit will be interested in knowing
upon what basis the awards are made.
Ten ears of corn constitute an ex
hibit. Any variety is eligible to en
try provided a standard has been
adopted for It by the Corn Improvers'
-association.' Varieties for which
standards have already Been adopted
may be obtained from the secretary.
Anyone wishing to enter a variety
not in this list may have a standard
-wt by sending five typical ears to tne
rccretary Hot later than one week
Lefore the exhibit opens. The stand
ard lor a variety prescribes the shape,
length and circumference of ear, the
t olor, shape and indentation of ker
nel; the number of rows on the ear;
the size of the space between rows;
the character of the butt and tip of
the ear; the size'of shank; size of
cob; the color of the cob; the per
cent of corn on the ear.
. Each exhibit is judged in accord
ance with the standard for the va
riety it represents. If it scores over
seventy per cent by this standard it
participates In the premium monfey,
the amount drawn depending upon its
score above seventy. It does not
therefore come directly in competi
tion with any other corn, but with
the standard for the variety. ' -
An exhibitor can enter only one
exhibit of any variety. He therefore
Lis only one chance at the premium
mouty for eaih variety entered. There
is no reason therefore why anyone
having corn capable. of scoring over
seventy per cent should not draw some
premium money. The largest corn
grower in the state cannot well grow
more than a half dozen varieties
which will limit his entries to six.
Each exhibit is judged by the fol
lowing scale of points: Uniformity .of
exhibit, 5 points; trueness to type, 10
points; shape of ear, 5 points; color
f ear, 10 points; market condition, 5
points; tip of ear, 10 points; butt, of
$ar. ' 5 points; kernel uniformity, 5
points; kernel shape, 5 points; length
of ear, 10 points; circumference of
ear. 5 points; space between rows, 5
points; proportion of corn to cob; 20
points: total, 100 points.
Let everyone prepare to raise the
best corn his farm has ever produced
to win premiums at the Nebraska
Corn Show next January and to rep
resent him and Nebraska at the St.
Louis World's fair next year. Re
member this is the last chance to get
ready for St Louis.
T. L. LYON, Sec
- Lincoln, Neb.
: Cost ol Irrigation Water Rights
Some of the Washington dispatches
have called attention to the expected
Increase in cost of irrigation of the
western land3 which the interior de
partment designated the other day for
the first construction, under the na
tional irrigation law, pointing out
that this cost is double certain esti
mates made during the discussion of
the Irrigation bill, which were placed
at $5 an acre. Five dollars would
undoubtedly be a low average to place
upon all the reclaimable western
lands. But whether the irrigation
works, which (the government is to
construct in the west will cost at the
rate of $5 anacre or $15 or $20 an
acre is a matter which need in nowise
interfere with the prosecution of the
irrigation constructions under the na
tional irrigation law passed by con-
Kiesa xasi summer, in every case me
cost of putting water upon the land
is to be borne by the settler and the
farmer who lives upon the land and
will use the water. The government
will be repaid for every dollar ex
pended. -The question then is simpl
whether land with water upon it will
be taken by. settlers at ten dollars
or fifteen dollars an acre or any other
sum which it may cost to reclaim It.
When it is realized that irrigated
farms and orchards in the west are
worth from four to one hundred times
fifteen dollars an acre, and that the
''crudest irrigation farms produce an
nually more than $15 an acre, it is
Hot believed that there will be "any
dearth of applicants ready and eager
to go upon the land which the gov
ernment reclaims. Under the irriga
tion act payment can be made on ex
ceedingly easy terms ten equal an
nual installments.
a 11c v.uoi yi puiuug naici uu wcai-
ern land may range all the way from
four to fifty dollars an acre. Some
of the ' simpler propositions require
only the digging of, a big ditch in or
der to secure water for thousands of
acres; others necessitate the building
of immense ; masonry vdams ; and the
construction ot very , expensive, canals
and headworks." It" Is probable that
eventually tin waters of some of the
great rivers of the northwestern
states the 'Columbia and the Snake
may be taken out at a very large cost
per acre, yet fruit lands in the Ya
kima valley of Washington today are
bringing in an annual revenue of as
high as $200 an acre. Of course it
would not pay to spend $50 an acre in
reclaiming lands to be used for graz
ing or feeding purposes.
This question of the cost of irriga
tion opens up the subject of the area
which it is possible to reclaim in the
arid , west Hydrographer Newell of
the geological survey stated this mat
ter concisely the other day. He said:
"The reclaimable area of the arid
region must remain an indefinite
quantity for many years to come. No
man can say definitely how many
acres are capable of ultimate reclam
ation. To illustrate, suppose a large
spring is situated in such a location
so far from arable land that it would
cost a hundred dollars an acre to lead
it on to that land itself one hundred
miles removed .from any railroad, or
other improvement; the water would
never be utilized for irrigation. Sup
pose on the other hand that a rail
road should be projected through the
desert and. a flourishing towii be
started on this land, then it would
pay to spend the hundred dollars an
acre, for the improvement.
"Projects which are not today feas
ible because of their expense may in
tenvyears, as the country settles up.
become very profitable , ones." .
GUY E. MITCHELL.
- Not Enough Taxes
Editor Independent: In your re
marks on the taxation, of the steel
corporation (April 16) you say the
corporation pays two mills on the
dollar, while f a quarter section in
Lancaster county will pay $35 a year
in state, county and school district
taxes. I live a little way east of Lanr
caster county and have to pay $30
more on the top of the $35 for the
same kind of taxes and the same
amount of land. WM. YOUNG.
Palmyra, Neb. '.
(The figures as stated for Lancaster
county are substantially correct.
"Eighties" here are taxed fromJH to
$17.50. "Quarters" from $28 to $35.
Mr. Young's quarter is highly im
provedand it may be that taxa
tion is heavier in Otoe. An inspec
tion of the returns shows that on
the average Otoe lands are assessed
$2 per acre higher than in Richard
son. Mr. Young's figures make the
showing all the greater against the
steel trust Associate Editor.)
First Shipment by Farmers
Harvard, Neb.; April 21 The Har
vard Co-operative Grain and Live
Stock company . is today shipping its
first car of grain, a load of wheat for
one of its wealthy farmer members.
The board of directors has organized
and elected the following officers
President, M F. Harrington; vice
president, M. L. Hartman; secretary,
Jesse F. Eller; treasurer, William
Schwank. The company has incor
porated with $10,000 capital arid will
build an elevator and do a general
buying business when fully, estab
lished, or will ship for any individual,
though not a member. Omaha Bee.
BOAST PIG
An Oklahoma correspondent objects
to Mr. Freeland's recent article be
cause he believes people should write
and use "language so common people
can understand without hunting up
seventeen dictionaries." . A little
searching through the dictionary is
a good thing but, of course, it is
quite possible to talk over the heads
of your audience: He specially objects
to "laissez faire" (which means "Let
alone; suffer to have its own way, or
take its natural course") and to
"sphinx" (which is a word taken from
mythology and now means a - person
or something whose character or in
tentions are difficult to find out The
Greek Sphinx propounded a riddle to
the Thebans and killed all who failed
to guess it. Finally Oedipus solved
it and the Sphinx very properly killed
herself.)
Mr. Freeland's allusion to roast pig
referred to Charles- Lamb's story
about the Chinese who kept' pigs as
sacred pets, but knew nothing of us
ing their flesh. One clay a house
burned down quite accidentally and
one of the youngsters in searching the
ruins came upon his beloved pig's re
mains and attempted to rescue it. In
doing so the burnt flesh stuck to his
fingers and he promptly put them in
to his mouth to ease the pain. The
taste wa3 delicious. He communi
cated his discovery to others and a
wave of house burning set in! Final
ly the Chinese found they could roast
a pig without burning down a whole
house-7-and our Oklahoma correspon
dent can make the application : him
self. ' ': ' .
MEASURING VALUE
Mr. ghera Takes Xxceptloa to Portions of
Mr. DiUtrt't Article oa "The Tula
- ef Moaey '
Editor Independent: I have been
reading the5 articles contributed to
your columns by Mr. De Hart, and
his loose way of discussing the subject
of money is wearisome, not to say
distressing. His conclusions are us
ually correct, but he is prone to the
habit of making unreasonable asser
tions and then qualifying and explain
ing away what he has said.
For an instance, in The Indepen
dent of April 9, in his discussion oa
"The Value of Money," he .said:
"Money is a measure of value, not a
standard of value. It is a 'measure
because it determines the level of
prices, and thereby determines not
only the relative value of any two
commodities, but the value of every
commodity with respect to money and
the value of money, with respect to ev
ery commodity. In other words, we
get a ratio of exchange by means
of money its quantity."
Now no careful writer who under
stands the subject, will assert that
money Is a measure of value. Still
less should anyone who contributes to
populist papers.be guilty of such a
blunder.
The idea of a measure of value has
given rise to the saying, "A measure
of length must, have length, a measure
of capacity must have capacity, a
measure of weight must have weight,
and a measure of - value must have
value." But with a little thought one
can readily see how erroneous and
misleading such a conclusion is. Take
a simple illustration: Here is a pile
of wheat; here, also, is a box, the
contents of which the government
calls a bushel. Give a man the meas
ure and he can go to the pile of wheat
and measure its bulk. Here is a
pound weight; a man can take it and
measure the weight of the wheat.
Here is a foot rule; a man can take
it and measure the height and length
and breadth of the pile. The bushel
box, the pound weight and the foot
rule are measures, and bulk, and
weight; and height, ' breadth ' and
length are intrinsic qualities, of the
pile of wheat But there is a stand
ard silver, dollar good money as Mr.
De Hart will allow;, give a man the
dollar and let him measure the value
of the wheat. He can't ' do it, for
value is not an inherent attribute of
the wheat as bulk, weight, height,
length and breadth are, and there can
be no such thing as a measure of it
Value is the estimation people make
of the relative desirability of commod
ities and is a psychological thing, and
money is a device for expressing val
ue. I want to take this occasion to rec
ommend to you and the readers of
The Independent the best book on
the subject of money that has ever
been published. It is "Social Strug
gles," by Dr. J. P. Phillips of New
Haven, Conn. In a recent issue Mr
Bartley advised you to read it, an?
you dismissed it with the impatient
assertion that you could" not afford to
read every book that is called to your
notice. But 'Social Struggles" should
not only gain your perusal, but your
enthusiastic praise. Its name was
an unfortunate selection, for it should
have been "Principles of Economics."
It is carefully written by a master of
the subject and is so clear and logical,
and yet so conservative that it will
commend itself to all honest, thought
ful persons who may have become
confused by the bewildering prolixity
of financial discussion. It is a larte
book of 573 pages, printed in the
highest excellence of the bookmaker's
art It should be among the selec
tions you have made for your circu
lating library of political economy. It
contains a chapter entitled, "Is It a
Crime to Own Land?" "which is the
b:st refutation of the single tax that
I have ever read. This suggested to
me the fitness of Mr, Phillips for re
viewing the arguments used in your
forthcoming Single Tax Edition in
your issue of June 11.
HIRAM SHERA.
Upland, Cal.
(The Independent will be glad to
use, in its issue of June 11, such re
view of the articles in our Henry
George Edition as Mr. Phillips may
write. Neither edition, however, is in
tended as a final determination of the
matter whit The Independent desires
is to get at the truth. If the single
tax is the best solution, then our
energies should be directed toward
securing for it a trial. If it will not
bear the test of reason, or some of its
claim3 are overstated; this should be
made clear. The two editions are not
to be forums for acrimonious debates,
but rather an inquiry into the merits
of the solution offered by Henry
George. .
, As to "Social Struggles," it may-be ;
PILE
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ONE-WAY RATES
To Many ;
Poinls .(.Cal
ifornia Wash-
Alngton and
EVERYDAY
The Union Pacific will tell One-Way
Colonist Tickets at the following rates
From Missouri River Terminals ,
I $25 to San Francisco, Los Angeles
and many other California points.
Tickets on sale Feb. 15 to June 15, '03. .;
$20 to Ogden and Salt Lake City. s
$20 to Butte, Anaconda and Helena.
$22.50 to Spokane and Wanatchee,
Wash. $25 to Everett, Fairhaven and -New
Whatcom; via Huntington and
Spokane. $25 to Portland, Tacoma "
and Seattle. $25 to Ashland, Rose
burg, Eugene, Albany and Salem, via
Portland. Tickets on sale Feb. 15 to
April 30, 1903. ,
E. B. SLOSSON, Gen. Agt,
1044 O st, Lincoln. Neb.
Half Rates
VIA
Wabash Railroad
The WORLD'S FAIR LINE
"Last to leave, first to arrive."
Leave Omaha 5:55 p. m.
Arrive St. Louis 7:00 a. m.
SPECIAL RATES
St. Louis and return, $13.50.
Sold April 26, 27.. 28, 29, 30, May L
New Orleans and return, $29.50.
Sold May 1, 2r 3, 4. .
Smoothest, shortest and quickest
south and southeast
All information at city office, 1601
Farnam st, or address.
HARRY E. MOORES, G. A. P. D.
Omaha, Neb.
a very good book; but, without the
least impatience, the editor repeat?
that he cannot procure and read ev
ery book on political economy which
may be recommended by readers of
The Independent. . Perhaps later,
however, he will make an exception
in favor of this book. Associate Editor.)
Fuller particulars of the "horse din
ner" show that was given in the sec
ond story of the swellest restaurant
in New York city, the same one where
Little Egypt danced in the "alto
gether ' for the delection of another
dinner party of New York million
aires. The horses were taken up in
the passenger elevator. Billings, who
gave the dinner, is president of the
People's Gas, Light and Coke company
of Chicago, .and shows to what .ises
the money extracted from the people
of Chicago through franchises and ex
tortionate prices charged for public
services is put. Under populism, Bill
ings would never have . had a fran
chise, the people of Chicago would
have paid about half what they. have
paid for gas and there would have
been no "horse dinner", at Sherry's.