1fi
THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT,
MARCH 12, 1903.
' - -v..
I
I
!
- SEARLES,
SPECIALISTS
IN
Nervous, Chronic
& Private Diseases
of MEN WOMEN.
WE CURE
I hAMAI I MCM'C
I DISEASES
AriD NO PAY UNLESS CURED.
We guarantee to cnre U turable cases of
the Nose.Throat, Chest, Stomach, Liver, Blood.
Skin and Kidney Diseases, Lost Manhood,
Might Emission. Hydrocele, Varicocele. (Ion,
orrhea, Gleet, Pile. Fistula and Kectal L leers
Diabetes and Briht' Disease. $100.00 for a
easeof CATAIUiH, RHfcl'MATIsM, DYS
l'tSlAor 8X1111X13 we cannot cure, if
curable. -
.ME TREATMENT BY MAIL. ,
Examination and consultation free. Call, or
address with stamp, P. O, Box 824. - ,
Drs. Searles & Searles ?clVl.
LINCOLN, NEBRASKA.
m.
Hardy Trees and .Plants, i
Complete Assortment
of Beat Horts for the
weat, Including -
5o varities of best Strawberries.
1 8 varieties of Raspberries.
Buy direct and save agents profits. We ,
pay freight on $10 orders, bend lor free
catalogue to
North Bend Nurseries, North Bend,
Wodg-e County, Neb.
Trees
25 Grafted Apple Trees for Ji
20 Budded Peach Trees for $i
50 Concord Grapevines forji
They are home grown, healthy and sure to
grow. Catalogue and due till for 25c, free.
FAIRBURY NURSERIES.
Bjx 8. Falrbury, Neb.
What
, You
Can
Buy
For
$100
FRUIT TREES
3 Apple trees, 3 feet
3 Peach trees, 4 feet.
3 C herry trees, 3 feet.
6 Currants, 1 year.
25 best strawberry plants.
10 Asparagus.
10 One year Mulberry.
, , fcend for catalogue at once. ;
Wakefield Nurseries,
Wakefield, - - - r,ebraska'
200,000 Fruit Trees at Wholesale.
1,000,000 berry plants and large supply of ornamen
tal, forest and evergreen trees. Strictly first-class and
healthy. Wholesale prices for orders by March 1.
BALDWIN (Nurseryman), Seneca, Kan.
Trees of Various Kinds
Adapted to the western climate, at very
reasonable prices, can be obtained from
the Jefferson County Nurseries, Jansen,
Neb. Address box 25. D. D. Thiesen,
Jansen, Neb. Send for catalogue.
Tress That Grow
x ne oest 1111 Hardiest
varieties. See our prices.
vmwn appia, vua.
Budded IWk,6s..
Uck Loctut
Betdllag, 1
Illus-
Slop. Cfrvn a n I
or ttngusn free.
Carman b
Can Sondereeper. Ptod..
lot 21, ' Bestrtci. Htb.
fruitTrees
IT Peach .1.00
SO Concord, Sl.00
1000 Mulberry, $1.00
ou asparagus, zsc.
Immense stock, fine quality, low price. Freight
prepaid on $10.00 orders. Genera 1 catalogue free.
(AGE COUNTY NURSERIES, Bsitrlce, Nsbr., Box.1,29
Money and the Taxing Power
BY W. H. ASHBY.
All Rights Reserved.
CHAPTER XI;
It thus becomes manifest that when
ever the articles subject to taxation
are empowered to pay that' tax, at the
same "price'' at which they are listed
for taxation, that price necessarily de
termines their price for all purposes,
la all private transactions between the
citizens, these animals would be ex
changed for each other on the basis of
the "prices" thus fixed, by the "valu
ation" or appraisement "under the laws
regulating the exercise of the taxing
power, and those prices' would be ex
pressed in the term of "money" thus
adopted by the government, whatever
that term might be. -
The citizens woula not thus, in pri
vate exchanges,' use " the . "prices" ex
pressed by this term because such ac
tion , would be - mandator y, but
because it would be convenient.
In thus applying the term, of . money
to express the quantity of valuation,
and using that expression which is
"price," exchanges would be "facili
tated."' But such use of the "standard
of money" would be entirely volun
tary and it never was a necessity.
The device for expressing quantity
of valuation, therefore, arose out of
the necessity to overcome the diffi
culties surrounding the equitable ex
ercise of the taxing power. It is a
necessary device, as we have seen,
even when the system of. taxation in
volves the simple process of taking a
portion of each specific article taxed.
How much more necessary where all
articles of taxable wealth " are ap
praised or "valued" and the percent
age of the tax taken in "coin," and in
nothing else!
It was proper, then, that the 20th
section of the act of congress of April,
1792, made the use of the symbol,
which constitutes "money," compul
sory "in the public offices of the
United States," where it forms an es
sential part of the machinery for the
exercise of the taxing power. Its use
is . mandatory there. , This ; is one of
the offices for the performance of
whose functions the "standard of
money" is created; the other , is its
use in the courts. It is safe to say
that no imaginary difficulties of ex
changing commodities for each other
ever caused its invention. It sprang
from the fact that no system of ex
ercising the taxing power . can be
equitably employed without some such
device. It was for this reason that
the use of the "standard of money"
was made compulsory "in the public
offices," where it performs its official
functions.' We may, therefore, safely
conclude that the standard of money is
created in each nation as a device es
sential to the exercise of the taxing
power, whenever that nation attains
to a condition of stability and order,
under laws for Its regulation, and nev
er exists except under these conditions.
MEnLTHY TBEESlsjs
U U Budded Fetches, 4c; Budded Cherries, 15c each; good
variet es. Concord Gripes, ft. per 100; 1O0O Ash jl. B. and H.
Locust; Rus. Mulberry, 4c. Low price. We Pay freight. Cat
alog free. Galbraith Nurseries, Box 85 Fairbury, Neb.
Orchards and
Vineyards on Shares.
, lMloMkanpfram"HALF CROP
PLAN," vbkk (ipluM ho vt far- (
alth iMpMuthta ftopU with HARpy
PRC IT TREKS AND TINES for
wnmU anhardltf than. AddmM
The Gardner Nursery Company, 9
Box 146, Oaaje, l
Strawberries.
Delicious fruit and lots ofit, fresh from
your own garden by following our new
method of culture and getting our Home
Garden assortment of plants. 36 plants
will fill a li 10 feet square and produce
sufficient fruit for an ordinary family.
Sent with directions for culture, for only
COc. charges prepaid. Ask for prices in
quantity. I .arpe illustrated seerf He plant
cat&logue'free i f y ou mention this paper.
IOWA SEED CO., Dea M.lnea, la.
GRAIN, FRUIT, AND ROOT CROPS.
The best land Investments In United States are to be
found- In the Big Bend Country of Eastern Washing
ton, write for Information. -WA5HINGTON
LAND CO., Wattrvlile, Wish.
Having ascertained the origin and
the characteristics of the device prop
erly called "money," we discovered
that its official functions are per
formed "in the public offices and in
the courts." We followed it into the
public offices and found it there mak
ing it possible to , make equal quanti
ties of valuation of the force of de
mand bear equal burdens in the sup
port and maintenance cf government.
Let us next follow it into the courts
of this country.
The same law which makes its use
compulsory in the public offices, in the
exercise of the taxing power, also
makes its use compulsory in the "pro
ceedings of the courts" in this coun
try. .. '
We have seen that even in a coun
try devoid of "coin,"T and where all
taxes are made payable in the articles
taxed, some rude "standard of money"
is a necessity in the exercise of the
taxing power, and must be fixed by
the governing authority. It is clear
ly much more necessary where "val
uation" alone is taxed, and all taxes
paid in "coin" alone as it is with us.
There is but one lawful method
known among men; living under or
derly governments, for the enforce
ment of the payment of - claims be
tween private persons, whether such
claims arise out of contracts or out of
torts. That method is by a judicial
proceeding in the courts.
It is evident that in those coun
tries where taxes were collected by
the seizure ana appropriation of a por
tion of the specific things ' taxed, and
where, as a consequence, no "coin"
of the modern, kind was used for that
purpose, no such "coin" would exist
It is also evident that under sucU con
ditions, all claims between citizens,
arising out of torts or contracts, would
necessarily be satisfied by the deliv
ery of such commodities as the people
possessed, at the same "price", at
which ', they were appraised and re
ceived for taxation. ,
- After the adoption of a standard of
money in order to make possible the
process of taxation, the ''prices" of
all taxable , articles would be ex
pressed in the term of money. All
claims between citizens must either be
satisfied by, agreement or else by ad-,
judication in the courts. . If by agree
ment, then anything- agreed to
be taken would satisfy the claim.
Whoever appeals to the courts there
by submits himself to their jurisdic
tion and is bound to accept what jus
tice, so, administered, awards him
or nothing. When no coin was in ex
istence, and all taxes were paid in the
specific articles taxed, the courts de
creed payment of all claims in the
commodities which were received in
the payment of taxes. The quantity
of valuation decreed - by the court
would be expressed in the judgment
of the court by . the term of "money"
in the same manner as it would be ex
pressed in the tax levy.
But we saw. that the ODtion of se
lecting the articles to be deliverer! in
satisfaction of the tax levy is with
the government' A tax lew. for ex
ample, expressed . as having been
made upon 4,000 "hogs," might in fact
have been made upon 1,000 hogs, 100
sheep, 10 cowsand 1 horse. It would
be satisfiable (at one-tenth) by ithe
delivery of 400 hogs. But the govern
ment mignt preter cows or sheep, and
in that case the taxpayer would have
no option, as it is the government in
all lands and in all times that deter
mines in what things tax levies shall
be paid.
But where a judgment was rendered
by the courts, against one citizen in
favor of another, under the v condi
tions named, for the same quantity of
value as the-tax lew above referred
to, it would be expressed in the term
of - "money" supposed in that case,
and would be "400 hogs." It would
be satisfiable by any taxable goods of
that quantity of taxable valuation,
Dut . tne option of choosing . the ar
ticles in which it should be paid,
would rest with the debtor; and he
could deliver in satisfaction of the
judgment any articles capable of sat
isfying a tax levy, . at the price at
wnicn tney were taxable.
llie courts employed the same mon
ey symbol which was used in levying
taxes, ana tne judgment was rendered
in that "money."
i olio wing this ancient and natural
rule, the Btatute" above referred tn re
quires that "the proceedings in the
COUrtS Of the United SrntPa shall Vw
had" in the "standard of money"
tueu aaoptea. mis makes the use of
the symbol, constituting the "stand
ard of United States money," ma n-
aatory. in, all our. courts The ef-
feet of that statute is to require that
all judgments rendered in the rniirta
Of this Country Shall he. AYnrecoorl in
"Dollars," aided by the numerals. And
so it is made mandatory that the
quauuiy 01 valuation ot all tax levies
and of all Judgments, "in tho
offices and in the courts," shall be ex
pressed oy the use of the term or
symbol which is "money" and in no
01 ner manner. , . - - . , ..
: In fact, a fixed quantity of valua
tion cannot be expressed in any other
way; in this country, for,, the reason
that we -have no other 'iwnrd". whiM,
we can jjse for that, purpose,: and the
.. ,,e ;,maKes tne use- -the word
Dollar, compulsory "in the. publb
offices and in the courts of the United
States." Thus it is apparent that the
money of the United States, consisting
of the symbol and the requisite nu
merals, was by the statute appointed
to an office in furtherance of the ex
ercise of the taxing power and of the
administration of justice; and that
the performance of the duties thus as
signed to it constitutes its function.
As it has been appointed by law to
the performance of no other office
it follows that these constitute its
only; functions. "
- - (Continued Next Week.)
Honest . men who are
YVantcG! .fairly well acquainted
TT UlllVU. In the countv where
they live who want to enRage in an honest and
profitable business, to write us for particulars.
It is a money maker for a hustler. Others are
making from $6 lo $11 per day. Why sot you?
The Olive Food Co.
' narshalltowD, Iowa. ,
1901 Grinder
nvAnrin rVw.t vinj f, .
pumping jour wriev WU1 also
irrindailkinrigofBt.-crA
0uce ".iu 10 iuiro-
r - , E.B. WINGER .
llnols001 Ter"C' Chic"'
State of Ohio, City of Toledo, Lucas
County. ss. ; " -..'""7 '
Frank J. Cheney makes oath that he
is the senior partner "of the firm of F."
J. Cheney & Co.,doing business in the
city of Toledo,' county and staie afore?
said and that said firm will pay the
sum of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS
for each and every case of Catarrh
that cannot be cured by the use o
Hall's Catarrh" Cure. '
- 3 .. FRANK J. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed
in my presence, this 6th day of De-'
cember, A. D.1886.
(Seal) A. W. GLEASON,
Notary Public.
Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken inter
nally and acts directly on . the blood
and mucous surfaces of the system.
Send for testimonials, free. '
F.J. CHENEY & CO.,. Toledo, O.
Sold by druggists, -75c. i. -V '
Hall's Family Pills are the. best.
of this ear indicates a w
perfect type of thorough-.,
bred corn. The end of the
harvest will demonstrate
f ,har rmr ImnrAVfffl nr.
jietiesofSeedCornwillyield20?5
y to &0 more than the older ki ads. 1 1 costs
AOnly 25 Cents Per Acre '
Ito plant our choice, tested seed corn, you
i. yean 't afford to risk doubtful stock or inferior .
V varietifs. Ijnr illustrated catalog of M-rar- & 1
, . . i f i i i- r A
.1 u , . n... u... ... I , w. .t
IOWA SEES CO., Bea Koines, Iowa.
"Choice Seed Potatoes"
We have a fine lot of hand picked
seed potatoes consisting of Early
Ohio and Early Michigan at 75 "cents
a bushel. , A limited number of Won
derful at 80 cents a bushel. No small
potatoes. ; - ;
L. B. HARRISON & SON,
Bancrcft, Neb.
Pure Bred Seed Corn . in the Ear.
Jjeroy Kommes, Box bss, Martinmlle, 111. .
DHngs
usg.
That's the test ol an
incubator and that's
the record of the
sir l :zi
SUGIQIE33FUL.
SoataxperiawBi 61 a ttma trial
awl fnni iaonMar. ThtSwmM
tai not asly batekft ptrfotir, but
It viU bat a UfMlnw Jom aM
mil Bar shrink. BnS S aanU la
stamp to omrsetaai- wtef auul
tag far Inrabator and Paaltry Baaka.
Btaadart Paalar aai Pcmter Boa
fllw. Baaka la Sra liapiafas.
Des Moines Inebi
' - Company
Dept. SS Dm Bolaca, Iowa,
r Bfi 8S, Baffala, XT.
lf!rTiT?fei.-.?fl
L-ITS fl W
FKEE U
TKlAIi Ijft
TheSure Hatch's Latest
An automatic, direct - actinff
regulator that surpasses any
other improvement ever made
in incubators. Send for rvewillus
grated catalog and free trial offer.
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR CO., -'
viay uenter, hid., or coiuibdbs, unio.
BURR'S PROMISE.
We promise 701 the best incu
bator od earth, $0.50 up : all the lac .. '
est improvements, no aiKht watch
ing, because we use ourr lve-inca .
Double Vv ster Kegulator. 30 days'
trial. Send it back it you want to.
Catalogue free. W e pay freight,
BURR INCUBATOR CO. .
Box 42. ... Crnaha, Neb.
IT COSTS YOU NOTHING
aW 1 -
Pwltry. Mj,
110
Tards Flat
to make s trial on your own
premises ana naa out
- . ; what the r
Am. D.nn t.lt. A 1.
fhaa i th fuarutaa w tira jvq, il't
ta naay spaaua (aaturad ucliut.
ata. Poaltrrbaak,Ma. l4lnrlOplc.
BelUbUIaeb. aid KreoderCa.,
f gainer. III. -
TIFFANY'S Sure Death t
Uce (Powder) sprinkled
la the nest keeps your
fowls free from lice. Sprinkle
hen and the little chicks will
have nolice.Tiffany'sParagon
"Liquid'.' kills mltcs Instantly.
Sprinkle bed for hogs, roostg
for fowls. Box powder for lit
tle turkeys and chicks post
paid 10c. We want tjrents.
THU TIFFANY CO.,
. t . Lincoln, Neb
..1
cc
Money in Poultry."
Our new 68-p Illustrated
book tells how to make it.
Also how to feed, breed, grow and
market poultry tor beat results.
Plans for houses, distases, cure, how
to kill lice, mites and gives many valu
able receipts. Illustrates and describes
larirest Dtire-bred Doultrr establishment
the country; quotes low prices on pure-bred,
fowls and eggs. Mailed to any addtesa for
in stamp, p. FOY, Box 32, Des Moines, la.
Plumbing and Heating
'J" Estimate! Furnished
J.C.COX
1333 O Strtat, Lincoln, Neb,
common