Af
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OUT OF WORK AID
NWAY
Belgian Scheme of Insurance
Against Unemployment.
EE
FT1- -
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MOORE'S BASE BURNER
All parts in Moore's Base Burner are sur
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The firepot can be revolved at will and
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face on the grate.
Mica doors and all joints are fitted with
unusual care.
The circulating flue is exceptionally large,
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The air flue is extra large and makes a
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heat from the inturned
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The large, deep reflectors are as lum-
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section.
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THJi 'CHURCH AND SOCIAL
According to Bulletin No. 103 of the
Census, on religious bodies, there was
in the United States in 1900, when the
study was made, 186 religious denomi
nations. One' hundred and fifty-four
were grouped in 27 families and 'A'X
were e hissed as unrelated or separate
denominations. There "were in throe
denomination 213,2:10 church organi
zations; 1!5,01S or !)2 210 per cent
are reported by the lfi4 Protestant
bodies. 12,408 or 3 9-10 per cent by
the Homan Catholic church and 41,
130 or about 2 per cent by the remain
ing bodies including Jewish congrega
tions. Latter Day Saints, Eastern Or
thodox churches and 14 other minor
bodies. These combined congregations
had a membership in l'.MHi of 32.!)3fi,443,
and 164.K.U) ministers. About 00 per
cent of the churches reported by sex
showing that of males there are 43 1-10
per cent in the churches and of females
56 9-10 per cent.. They reported 192,
795 church, edifices with a seating ca
pacity of 58,530,830. The value of the
church property was reported ;s
amounting to $1,257,867,000.
If we were to add to the actual
membership of the churches, those who
are directly affiliated with it, we would
find that the church really controls or
influences the great majority of the
people iu the United States. Whether
or not the people of the churches are
iu the majority, it ia undoubtedly true
that they have it in their power to
determine "the social and ethical stand
ards which shall govern the nation.
And this being so, it naturally follows
that they may be held responsible for
the standard of ethics which prevails
among the people.
But what is the function of the
church I Is it the business of the
church to confine itself merely to the
preaching of spiritual truth, hoping
thus to develop the characters of men
who shall rightly administer the affairs
of business and of the state; or shall
the church, as an organization, become
active in politics, in the solution of the
industrial problem and iu the righting
of the social evils of the day; or, shall
the church perform both functions? It
seems to me that the latter is the true
mission of the church. The early
church so regarded its relationship to
the world. For a time, it had rela
tively a larger part in educational ajid
philanthropic work than it has had
since. Then followed a, period . when
it confined itself very largely to the
preaching of salvation for the individ
ual. But always has the" church had
a iart in the social movements of the
times.
The world is now on a verge of a
great social revival. The forces which
have been at work for generations are
about to see the fruits of their patient
seed-sowing. Almost unconsciously the
church has had the largest share in this
evolutionary process. Without realizing
it, the church has been preaching the
doctrine of social unrest. With this
message of divine discontent, its min
isters and missionaries have been stir
ring up the people. The vision of the
possibilities in Jesus Christ has made
them forever dissatisfied with their
former physical, economic, social and
moral estate. As a result of this
preaching the church is soon to enter'
into its larger inheritance.
REV. CHARLES STELZLE.
British cotton 'masters and employers
have made a wage agreement for five
years.
HoeoraMe Position
aily Star.
Under new management The Daily Star has
placed itself in a fair position with all organized
labor, and is entitled to the support of all union
men and their friends.
SUBSCRIBE FOR THE STAR
LINCOLN PRINTING PRESSMEN AND, ASSISTANTS' UNION
IRISH SWEATSHOPS.
Starvation Wages Paid In tha Belfast
Linen Industry.
Startling allegations about the prev
alence of the sweating system In the
linen trade at Belfast and the north of
Ireland generally are made by Dr. H.
W. Baillie, superintendent officer of
health for Belfast, in a special report
which he has just presented to the cor
poration. Dr. Baillie. after congratu
lating the city authorities on the im
proved health of the city, as shown by
the decreased death rate, declares
there is still a lot of room for improve
ment and proceeds to show how the
health of the workers is affected by
the excessive work they are compelled
to perform for miserable pay,
Few Americans who buy with de
light the beautiful embroidered . hand
kerchiefs and other linen goods which
are exported from Belfast in such enor
mous quantities realize that the low
prices at which they are sold are due
to the fact that the very lives of the
workers are expended on them. Dr,
Baillie tells of one case which came
under his personal observation in
which a woman who was the sole
breadwinner of her family was em
broldering small dots on cushion cov
ers. Iach cover contained 308 dots,
and for making this number the wom
an was paid 2 cents. If she worked
about fourteen hours a day she was
able to earn 12 cents. He also tells of
girls who are paid 2 cents for embroid
ering 384 dots on ladies' handkerchiefs.
Turning to the shlrtmaking trade, he
says that for, finishing a dozen shirts
t!ie i:-ls nre paid 12 cents. For this
they have to cut out and sew six or
seven button holes, sew on seven but
tons and make four gussets on each
shirt. These are not' cheap goods,
either, but are of a quality which sells
for about $2.50 each in the United
States.
"It cannot be too freely or strenu
ously insisted." says Dr. Baillie. "that
such underpaid labor must inevitably
cripple and in a great part nullify the
good effects of any sdbemes of health
reform. The underfed, overwrought
physique of the sweated worker, with
its weakened stamina a-nd lack of re
sistance to the inroads! of disease, is
undoubtedly one of the main causes of
a high death rate. I tils an obvious
fact, too. that all swened labor Is ul
timately paid to the fi
when the prematurel.
worker finds his or her
in the pooruouse. hospitlil or charitable
institution."
The linen manufactu
are highly Indignant at this report and
say they have been litteled, but any
one who knows even arlittle of Indus
trial conditions in tha- north knows
that Dr. Baillie has not! overstated the
Based on Trade Union Plan of Paying
Benefits to Idle Members Many Eu
ropean Cities Contribute to Union
Funds.
Louis Varlez. a Belgian statistician.
devised the most practical and sincere
proposal to relieve unemployment
among organized skilled and unskilled
workers. The system is based upon
the mutual -insurance funds of the
unions. : '
In times of prosperity the unions col
lect from their members certain dues
which make up the unemployed bene
fit fund. From this fund in times of
unemployment the unions pay out
small sums to their unemployed ineia- ,
bers.
However, at periods of a sever i rf-
sis the funds of the unions ar' .yisilr
overdrawn. Here enters In iirlez's
scheme. By a municipal allowance the
unions are put in the position to in
crease their unemployed fund. -
The city of Ghent, in Belgium, intro-.
duced this system in 1904. It worked
so successfully that by now it is uni
versally recognized as the most effi
cient measure against unemployment,
and many states and municipalities
have already introduced "the system
of Ghent", or are discussing its imme
diate realization.
In France more than forty munici
palities and several departments have
adopted the system of Ghent. Since
the .law of 1905 the French state is au
thorized to aid the unions financially
in case of unemployment.
Ten cities in Holland have lately in
troduced Varlez's scheme. The Norwe
gian state, conforming to the law of
1906, reimburses one-fourth and Den
mark one-third of the sum paid out by
the unions in unemployment benefits.
The salient features of the unem
ployed insurance statute of the city of
Strassburg are the following:
Every unemployed who belongs to
a trade union or an association of em
ployees that pays unemployed benefits
gets from the city an additional allow
ance.
The city pays an allowance only
in cases of involuntary unemployment.
If unemployment is caused by strikes.
lockouts or their consequences; by ill
ness, accident or invalidity, the city
is not obliged to pay.
"The aid of the city amounts to 50
per cent of the sum paid by above
associations.; In other words. If the v,
person unemployed draws 50 cents
from the trade union -fund the city
adds 25 cents to the sum. However,
the allowance of the city cannot ex
ceed 25 cents a day.
If the person unemployed is pro
vided with suitable work the city stops
the payment of the allowance. Unmar
ried people must accept work outside
the town if special circumstances do
not militate against it.
"Only such unions and associations
have a claim upon the aid of the city
which have an organized unemployed
benefit service for their members and
which ask the office of the mayor for
the aid of the city and accept the
statutes of this unemployment ordi
nance." '
The results attained In Strassburg
are so satisfying and encouraging that
the unions of such a great industrial
city as Berlin, where during the last
industrial crisis more than 80.000 or
ganized workers were without woru,
have unanimously directed their repre
sentatives to take steps for the reali
zation of a similar institution in that
city. Twentieth Century Magazine.
Malet on the Toiler.
And looking upon them, recogniz
ing the spirit which animated them, he
was taken with a reverence for aver
age toiling humanity unfelt by him .
before. For he saw that by these, the
workers, the final issues are Inevitably
decided, by these the final verdict Is
pronounced. Individually they may be
contemptible, but in their corporate in
telligence, corporate strength, they are
little short of majestic. Of art. letters,
practical civilization, even religion
even. In a degree, nature herself they
are alike architects and Judges. Lucas
Malet in "Sir Richard Calmady."
Labor Notes.
II by the state
incapacitated
nevitable place
There are about SOD union and 1,000
nonunion glaziers in New York city.
I am not In favor of strikes. I long
for the time when strikes and lockouts '
will be things of the past. Samuel
Gompers.
The striking cigarmakers of Tampa.
Fla.. 12.000 in number, demand recog
nition of their union. They have been
out about three months..
The International Cement Masons'
union has a membership of about 5,000 .
In the United States and Canada. They
get $4.ft0 a day, in New York city and
$5 in Chicago.
From 1S.C0O to 20,000 fatal and from?
700.000 to 800.000 nonfatal industrial
accidents, according to the estimate of
a careful statistician, occur in the
United States every year. ; '
By a vote of 1,717.000 to 13,000 the
trade union congress recently In ses
sion at Sheffield. England, adopted a
resolution ' condemning the Osborne
judgment in which the court of ap
peals decided that trade unions cannot
contribute money for political par
poses. ' .- '
-case.