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About The Omaha morning bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 1922-1927 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 10, 1925)
1 HEi UMAHA nCiEj. SAIUKHAI, JAINUAKI 1U, 19Z0. __ IK THE WORLPOF RADIO Radio Proves Drawing Aid Lessons Broadcast by Oakland Station Successful; Bring Big Response. Successful drawing lessons by radio la the lAtest development In the ex periment to use broadcasting for classroom Instruction being con ducted by the Oakland public schools, co-operating with Kelt), the General J-eltrle Pacific coast station. Children assembled under normal classroom conditions In eight differ ent schools in the city have just com pleted a course of six drawing les sons. The problem assigned was to create an original design for a Christ mas card using the Christmas tree for a decorative motive and actually produce individual work In response to suggestions issuing from loud speakers. Greater Originality. Exa mination of the papers turned In reveal the fact that by radio greater originality is accomplished than when lessons are conducted in person by the teacher before the class. As a result, it was stated, teachers will find an inspiration to try other subjects, apparently as im possible as drawing seemed, in the tests to find out how to use radio in public school work. In sharp contrast to other lessens broadcast by KGO, when children only listened to lectures without re sponding, the course just completed was designed to bring * type of re sponse which could afterward he col lected and judged. Children In the eight schools selected to take part were seated at desks with ample spare between, and care was exer cised to maintain the uncrowded classroom atmosphere throughout the lessons. The first lesson of the series re quired paper, pencil, paste and a small dark circle of cardboard about one inch in diameter, on each pupil's desk. Teacher at Microphone, Tn the studio of KGO miles sway from the schools, at a given time, the radio teacher spoke her instruc tions before the microphone. She be gan by briefly suggesting the Christ mas spirit and the beauty of its ex pression in art. Then, she proposed to her invisible pupils that they set about creating Christmas greeting cards for their ' ' nds. They were requested, how r. to conform to the general principles of proportion, massing and values, which are accepted as funda mental in the art of design. Step by step in the next lesson the radio teacher explained how to cut a Christmas tree tn black paper silhouette, rightly proportioned to fit Into the background already pre pared. Great enthusiasm was shown. Some, of the trees, cut out of pa per, were long and slim, some were pointed with Gothic grace, some wide spread and protective, some exagger ated for an effect of humor, some containing many fantaatlc branches, and some were smooth in outline as though burdened with snow. I.ed by the suggestions of the radio teacher the various kinds of trees were criti cured by students themselves. Finishing touches were added when there came over the air the com mand: "Place candles on your happy t.ee!" After a pause, with joyous humor which was irresistible, the radio voice continued, "Sow light them.'" Hundreds of pencils, like a flash, went to work. Halos were drawn around the candles, or little thin streams of smoke were made to trail upward across the designs. From the Instruction "put a candle on your happy tree," and from other suggestions given by the radio voire, It was found, when the papers were collected «r,d examined, that there was scarcely a duplication In decorat ing the tree. HOOKUPS REDUCE AMPLIFIER NOISES ^^Wany radio fans find they have dis agreeable noises In their receiver* when using two steps of amplification. This 1* found to he especially true when two transformers of a high ratio era employed. There are three ways of reducing the noises. The first Is hy shunting the primary of the second step trans f rmer with a fixed condenser or re sielhrire, the capacity or resistance be ing governed by the ratio of the trans former. if two transformers having a ratio of five to one are used the correct cnpaclty will he In the neigh borhood of .001 mfd. The second method Is by shunting the secondary of the second stage transformer by a high resistance, the correct value again being determined by the ratio. The third method of reducing the noises Is the same as the second, only n small condenser Is used In place of a resistance. The latter method Is, however, not the best, ss It tends to reduce the volume of the overtones, which are essential for good repro duction. Nfw Record for Amntrur*. N. ,1. 1„ Menars of l.e Rlnncat Han, near Pan, write* that on April 11 laul h« received 10H American wmalfuri on n two tube act In one hour, an<1 111 addition hpvara 1 amateur* from Cuba Porto Him. Annum 1he Amerl* j^rans received, 11 were on the Pacific roaat. On another nccaalon, laat aprlmr. M. Menara waived on a "In kI#* tube algnel* from 71 American elation*. of which eight wera on the Pacific coeat. How to Construct Hoyt Augmentor; Coil and Circuit Data for Three and Four-Tube Sets Are Explained By A. J. FAR AON. There have been so ‘many request* for roll winding information and com plete circuit data on the augmenta tion system of signal amplification, that in order to satisfy these requests It has been deemed advisable to go into the constructional details of one of the preferred forms of this circuit's application before completing the de scription of the several methods of accomplishing this result. The circuits to he recommended for the forms of slgnaf augmentation thus far presented are preferably of the three and four-tube combinations, as shown In the illustrations here with. The four-tube combination is particularly adaptable for those tier sons who are excessively troubled with interference, or for those who de sire to play the distant broadcasting stations while the locals are on the air. On the other hand, the three tube combination will prove very satisfac tory for those broadcast listeners who only desire to play the locals, with out having Interference between them, or who desire distance after the locals have gone off the air. This last statement must not be taken too liter ally, however, for some very remark able selective distance work has been done with the three-tube outfit while the locals were all at work. For ex ample. at a distance of 25 miles from Newr York, the three-tube augments tatlon set has been regularly playing from 25 to 25 stations per evening, all, of course, on the loud speaker and with good volume. The foregoing re marks have been intended as a sort of a guide to assist the builder to de termine the type of set he may rare to construct. Hg- I. Three-tube agumentor receiver, having two stage* of audio frequency amplifica tion, one of which is combined with the augmentation tube. therefore Is only to be used In ron junction with the four-tube set. and the builder who only desires to build the three-tube receiver need not wind this part of the roil. In that rase it is only necessary to follow the roll dimensions as shown on the draw ■inas. leavinK off the primary entirely. The antepna. In the rase of both the three and four-tube seta, should antenna coil should be made by the complete elimination of the broadcast ing station which interferes to the greatest degree when tuning to dis tant stations varying from three to five meters from the locals. While it is not the purpose of this series of articles to specify equip ment of a particular make, it Is Im perative, nevertheless, for the sue Ing purposes are 13-plate TT. ft. Tool and this condenser, when employed with the inductances shown, will give the receivers a tuning range of from 210 meters to 600 meters. The standard 3 1-4 to 1 general radio transformers have worked out exceed ingly well in the augmentation tube circuit, or for reflexing, if one pre fers to look at that stage in this man ■■ .«... ■■■■■■■■ i -* -- ■— ■■■■■ —J Fig. 2. Four-tube augmentor receiver, employing one atage of lund radio iie.|iien<y amplification. A Combination Coil. In order to simplify as much as possible, and to enable the builder to construct either the three or four tube set, the coils as shown and ex plained here have a combination winding, Including an aperiodic pri mary, which will permit either set being constructed. he tuned with a roil and aeries con denser, as shown in the circuit draw Inge. So specification is given for this coli as it will vary slightly—foi synchronism in tuning calibYation— depending on the antenna, and It is de sirable to add or remove a few turns until the dials all tune alike. A good compromise for the first trial on this cessful opera tufa of the system that certain standards he maintained, and since sufficient time has not elapsed from the date of the development of the circuit to specify all of the satis factory accessories, those mentioned hers are given in the knowledge thut correct functioning will be obtained through their use. St L /*** "+ l-lg. 3. Hide and aeaeinhly view* nf the aiiRilientor coupler. Turn ratloa and wlr# aliea are apeclflrd. It I* emphatically not rerom mended, however, that the aperiodic primary lie naed directly on the an tenna when the receiver |h to he uacd In the city. The aperiodic primary Ir only for uae with a atage of tuned radio frequency connected, aa ahown In the four-tube diagram. Wllh the preeent day congeal loti of hroadcaallng wave lengtha, the day of the apei Iodic pilmary for oily tier la a thing of the paal where extreme aclei tlvlty la the goal. Antenna Tuning. The «even turn aperiodic primary coll will ha about lift turn* of wlm on a tub* of tha *am* dlamatar three Inche* a* tha outar tube of the augmentor combination. Thl* coll nhnuld ba funad with a rondanaar of t ho *arne capacity a* that oard foi tuning tha augmentor circuit proper Thl* antenna tuning * oil ahotild ba very loo*ely coliplad to tha accnridary with which It I* nMod*tad; that la. from two and a half to thrae India*, or It inn even be practically *♦ right angle*. Thl* pnnltlnn can be fixed, once It la dataimliiod. Th* final de termination for thl* jmultlon of the N>re»»«ry Kiiuipniriit. Th# same applies to colls, so far ns efficiency Is concerned, and while cei Inin c»»IN of tlie ' low loss" type me in l»e preferred, It Is not within th< renlm of IHIs srilcle to attempt to set down a design and plans foi "low loss’* roll construction. 'I‘he simple solenoids specified will give sntlsfnc tm y operation, and can he coniitt tided hy Hi# pa insta U ins bulkier. The fixed condensers used through mil sll of the circuit■ have heen of the Huldllei mlra construction. whll< I he variable condensers used for tun Her. Another transformer, which has] also given excellent results in this stage, is the Hedge Hog .1 I t to 1. For the last radio stage, either of these transformers functions nicely, as, of course, will many others. Wiring Diagrams. Wiring diagram for the three-tube receiver Is shown In Fig. 1, and that for the four-lube set Is Illustrated In Fig. 2. These two diagrams are self explanatory, and should any doubt arise In the mind of the builder as to their more simplified theory, he Is re ferrrd to the two preceding articles on augmentation which hate appeared In this paper, under the dates of Dr ■•ember 13 and 3a, respectively. The only substantial change in the dta grams of today over those schematic diagrams which appeared In the previ ous Issues Is In the addition of s stage of audio frequency antpllflcatlin and In the method of antenna connection. In the matter of tubes. It Is recom mended that 201A or 301A types be employed, although the detector tubo may lie a 200 type If the builder so desires, In which case the proper plate voltages must be used. But, as the rheostat setting Is not at all rrlll cal In this circuit, the hard tubes may ha employed to advantage, and one liieistat for all of the tnlws will then suffice. Kxtrente care Is hnmrdlatelv cau tioned lit the construction of the sug mentor roil. The lllttsl rations, Fig. 3 urn! Fig. 4. are complete In them selves, although It will not ha amiss to describe litem to some extent and Radio Will Aid Trapped Miners Perfection of Underground Transmission and Reception Being Sought. ■Washington, Jan. ft.—The bureau uf miles, which Is making a sludy of underground radio transmission and reception, has Just made public a re port of progress which discloses that four factors combine to make under ground radio transmission difficult. If underground radio transmission and reception can be perfected it Is believed it will lie valuable in saving the lives of entombed miners. If min e* a entrapped underground could re ceive from a surface station they could Is* 1 ept Informed of the progress of i lie rest lie parties In some cssps. even direi led to different parts of the mine wheie their rescue could he facilitated or fresh air supplied. "There are four chief factors that affect electromagnetic field Intensi ty," says the report, "namely, dis tance, wave length or frequency of carrier, efficiency of transmitting an tenna and attenuation. Of these at trnuaflon is of particular significance In underground radio communication. ‘.attenuation Is dependent u,Mn two f.’.ci’OTS—namely, the decrease in cur rent due to the geometrical spivndir? out of the electromagnetic wc.es in space, and to the absorption of waves in passing through the strata." RADIOPHONE SAVES LETTERS neveland, O., Jan. 9.—Practical use of the radio telephone for private con versation between individuals has been demonstrated by Donald H. Johnson of Kuclid Beach Park, this city.' For two years he has employed the radiophone for a dally chat with his father, l)r. William H. Johnson of Collins, O.. about 70 miles distant. These ronversations were carried on in broad daylight with the same reliability of a private telephone. tu issue one or two cautions, together, perhaps, with a suggestion for cor re«*tion of dimensional error In locat frig the augrnentor or booster coll. The augrnentor coupler has been de signed around standard dimension tub ing. and In fact there are on the market one or two makes of varlo couplers which can be purchased and rewound for this circuit. The side view, showing the three windings on the stator, is shown in Fig. 3 at “A/* Tills member of the coupler is made of a 1 3 4 inch length of three (3 Inch outside diameter tubing —bakelite. The number of turns, proper connections for the lends, and the seeing and gauge of wire are shown on this drawing. An assembled* view of the coupler is shown in Fig. 3 at "R " This 11 lustration shows the booster or aug raenter coil in its position of mini mum coupling. This illustration gives the direction of the turns, the proper connections for the plate and “B” battery to the booster coll (incidental ly tills connection is in Just the re vers* direction to ilia: which it would [ t ike were the circuit a single tube regenerator!. The proper booster I turns are also shown here. Fig. 4—III ii <t in I inn nliniving the rein linn between the booster roll anil the detector roll, when the booster is at matimum coupling. Fig. 4 is a cutaway section of the assemble.! enupljr unit, showing the proper relation of the hnoater.mil winding to the 1,0, or detector wind Ing. This relation Is very important, and In the event of an error of con sequence the booster may fail to operate, usually this esn ha eoinpen anted by removing a few turns there from. But It Is highly desirable to ■I the necesatty of this adjust ment. , lie tuned secondary for the radio frequen> y lube bus not been show n in art Illustration. This was not denned necessary bemuse of its simplicity. This coll is made by winding St turns of No. is It S. t\ wire on n pine of llnee Ini'll outside dlanietei tubing of any lengih which best suits Ills pin pose of the builder. • MORE WEATHER REPORTS ASKED Washington, D. C.—Urban and rur al radio fans are beginning to demand dally weather reports and time sig nals /rom neighboring broadcasting stations, and It is believed that event ually at least one station in every lo cality will have to broadcast both lime signals and local weather fore casts. Complaints that certain sta tions do not broadcast either time sig nals or weather reports, or that no station in a certain locality pfts these essential reports on the air, are be ginning to come into the department of commerce and the weather bureau. Neither governmental office has any thing to do with the matter put on by private broadcasters, and yet the government is anxious to serve all fane who desire such data. WJAX Is Under New Ownership Station Acquired by Goodyear Tire Company; to Be WEAR. Radio atation WJAX, Cleveland, which has been operated for the laat two yeara by tne Union Trust com pany, has been sold to the Goodyear Tire and Rubber company, which will take charge of the broadcasting im mediately. The call letters are to be changed to WEAR, In announcing the purchase of the station, officials of the Goodyear company stated that the broadcasting from WEAR would be on a larger scale than in the past, with programs of the finest music obtainable. The Union Trust company will con tinue to broadcast twice daily market and produce quotations, weather re ports and financial news, but the re ports will be more condensed than In the past. These reports will be broad cast between 11:30 a. m. and noon, and from 3:30 to 4 p. m. An unusually elaborate program la being arranged for the evening of January 15, when WJAX will present Its farewell and WEAR Its first pro gram. RADIO V << our tray of lUriin Digest.) (Kv Associated Press. > AY A AW. Omaha. 2it» meters A p m market e, KKCZ. On aha Central High *«hoo?. XaA meters 11 *»■ mi. studio musical®. tTNF. kh^nundoith 1* 2*$ meirra— « <• p m. Imperial Melodv Ho>*. l.rnoi ia WSB. Allan's Journal <42>); f. week end revue 10:45. entertainers WMAt,1 Chicago < 447 5 ); 4. g'*e cljjb. «. orchestra . & 30. photologo*. * Chicago theater review. WON. Ch»* m gn (.774); g. organ; I: *0 tonrer’. x classical 1 o. jat WI,W. Cincinnati 142-11. • **ncert; 7 program piano-ac ordl"n aoloisr. WHK Cleveland (2S2); 7. concert. WTAM. Cleveland (5>6>; ». dutuc WFAA Pallas News and Journal; 3 39 musical. 11. orchestra WOC. Davenport (4*4). 7 Sandman. 7.36. religious; ). orchestra song* WOX, Detroit Free pres* (513); g. mu a!* a I WWJ, Detroit New* (513); 5. News or ches! ■ u WTA«. Fig I n (2V«); « orchestra 9 1" studio hour. 10:36, dance songs. 11 30. features WBA P. Ft Worth fMar Telegram ( 471) , i 7. breinea* report, religious KNX. Hollywood (337 ). g. mus e: 10. | feattires; 17. orchestra KT14J4. Hot springs (375 ); I 30. con cert : 10S6 dance WH AH. J.ouiavill# Time (4u0); 7 30 t concert. KF1. l.oa Angeles (46*> *.45 talk • orchestra > 45. talk 10. instruments! i 16. ball*.i* KKHC5. l*oa Angelea (27*); » 30, Divine Healing Kil l J.os AAnge*-* Times (7»j) *, or cheatra . a 26. children. > 43. talk 1 feature. 12. ore hesirs KJH. 1.0* A'rele. <74#); S. Service. > te »ei mon. organ WMC. dei.iph * (£63 f); 1 bedtime a! cry: *:2f. » on« ert W'CCO Mkvne»t*o|l*-«t p tt philosophies: I 15. talk; I 36. hockey gam*. 10. orrnes.ra ' K AC. Montreal 14 • * 7.'° en*ertaininent t to. d.<nre W.1JD. Moos,-heart (27*). 7 li>. on he.--! t re >. -Ian* WNYC New Y* rk (57i). I 1$, quart*? j •one* < b.tnquer WHS \m York <'.(.01 * St .>■ heatra > .6 entertain*.»; 16. orchestic. l« 3o, da*. • WRAP*. New Tnrk (4*2): S boy* period. • 45 tennr 7.3t. ensemble > i* piar •* 10 orchesira V.’ TIBR New York (273); 7. orr heat rs 0 t.| . nuestinn*. answers WOR. Newark (465); 7. quartet; *15 ptan'ar Kilo Oakland (I1}»; « orchestra 16, orchestra tr*or rianist. violtniat; 12. or cn#stra aoloiats WDAR Philadelphia t?>5); g 3«. talk WFI. Philadelphia (St5). f. (alk 7 15. talks W1P Philadelphia flCtt *: Vnele Win *. talk. 7.15, concert; > 61. orchestra It 65. if mi KPKA. Pittsburgh (!2«>; 7 36. con cart 'VCAK. Pittsburgh (4«2>: g *.o Cncle havbee. 4 45. movie chats. 7. talk* 7 Jt' musical WA1K1. Hichmond Hill (S||), 11 set anadara. KPO. Han Prem ia, o ( 423 ); 10 or ■ hestra. le band WUY. H. bene, ta.lv (ISO); | Mi or Cneatr* KKi»A. H»attla ( 455); Iv 7 0. rot ert 12 es ou'besir* "‘•HI. Heavens Point (27H If froth KHD |«uui* Post-b.apatch 1) * sN.nubud «?r*-heat is Victor Recital Is Bi* Success 21,000 Letters Praise Mc Cormaek-Rori Recital; Next Program January l.i. Radio listenersdn have been so en« thused nhotit the first recital by In ternationally known artists broadcast by the Victor Talking Machine com pany that there is no question of the continuance of the series, officials of that company have announced. The next Victor concert will he given on the night of January 15, with Mrue. Frances Alda and Miguel Fleta as the principals. These artists have acquired fame on both the opera and concert stage and their programs will include music in which they have appeared at their h# st during their distinguished ca reers. The first of these radio recitals under the auspices of the Victor com pany was given on January 1, with John McCormack and Lucrezia Bori participating, assisted by other Vic tor artists. It was announced at the offices of the American Telephone and Tele graph company that more than 21,000 messages have been received thus far from radio listeners in, all of them urging a continuance of the classic recitals. The messages have been received from nearly every state in the union and from several points In Canada, some of them from men and women who are In isolated places. There p.lso is a great number of messages from those physically afflicted. 3 CONTINENTS ARE HEARD IN AFRICA Receiving the radio signal* trans mitted from three different conti nents and at considerable distances in the course of one evening s re repTion is an exceplional accomplish ment for a radio amateur. Clifford C. H. Frazier, manager White's South African Cement com pany, Whit’s station, South Africa, in sist* that In addition to receiving the local stations at Johannesburg and Capetown. Africa, he also listened In to station 51,0 in Kngland, a distance of more than 2.000 miles, and to the program broadcast from the Westing house station, KDKA in Pittsburgh, a distance of 8,300 miles by air line. This is believed to be tha most southern place in South Africa so far recorded that has listened to an American broadcasting station. Old Rusty Saw Gives Radio Pans Good Mu-ic Rerrien Springs. Mich., Jan. 8.— That it is possible to obtain the sweetest strain of music from the tooth-edge of an old saw was proved recently when E. G. Johanson, vio linist. at broadcasting station KFGZ, "The Radio Lighthouse, played sev eral familiar tunes on an old rusty carpenter saw. Letters have been coming in ever since, commenting on this Unique musical instrument. As far as if is known, this is the first time that a saw solo has ever been delivered over the air. Canada Gives 125-Mctcr Wave Canada ha* taken the lead over the other dominion* in reserving a spe cial wave for tnterdom Inion amateur work; and the radio branch of the de partment of marine and fisheries stated that a wave length of 122 meter* 1* being specially reserved foi Canadian amateur transmitting *;••» tlone for transcrttunla and interdo minion radio work. | WO AW Program | V/ Mtarflajr, Junitsn 10. * oa T» m Sipii Omicron tnctety of rptv«r?*tv of o?naha Plano eolo 'Valne. A Flat" .Chopin France* Johrson. Manrlol n and cm tar duet Selected l.«ui*r \\aUe»- and Joy Smith. Readir* P# Frozen! • Son Mra Mel'or Chornt Omaha V parody on 'Poodla Dm Poo ■ S c -a Orr. cron to.-jet y. Plano «olo. * Pm atelle . . Pupont Mab’e Hargrove. Mandolin and auitar duet . Selected Louise Walter and Joy Smith. Talk on Sigma <'m< ron aooiety. The’m-* Perry p-eaidrnt. Mandolin am! guitar duet . Selected L hste Walter and Joy Smith Read.ng Selected Mr a. Melton Piano aolo. "llark Hark, the Lark Schubert *l.i si .'.iMred Stnne’t Oherue l'nlvers,t\ «.? onulii tong * 4 > l> in »5e i|e Iteulei a 1 lilt Sur • >*»de entei tamet» » '•*> i n I’r> i sm under the au»i .*ee of i he Oivtha Printing Cu II ' * »• u- \' %n\ * f; . c The Finest Radio Receiver In the World The FREED-EISEMANN NEUTRODYNE 4 and 5-Tube Set*, $169.50 and Up. Initallrd in your horn* complete. Aorial •■Ira. Ea«y ptymrnli A. HOSPE CO. 1513 Douglas St. I vDESUITS truly wrsrni. FSrrrwe m w. IBM . IV to^hed hy S VFINITE. Theb«tCry a«*l mad# for l'r\ #tal Seta. F’.ta any arandawl Mdrr. R A. Orard. Jr . K C.. M«„ mare: Sana., T fut Delia*. Chime*'. Schenectady. Fitta hurfh and Cleveland." H Ham-man. Op • m. n—lira w m *• dyde, IH *»>» "I have heard 8f atatxma; w*~ <£VZ.ZX JV-TF, m.». .W.l K PK A WSB WOAW - I <>»#•** The k*d eeeriv he* • It White WOAF and WHY SrhewartRdy ICS mi * tt?.■arrr.rr^r H up.*., cwhi* »v i» ««■ --tv. RPR k fttt«h«refc Th« n#«t ataht mm aeennd nipht I irnt K PK V K. LMt*h..rei‘ w#«fi RfRNtelnn Nahr ' n*T TV'ueandewfSTElNlTK uaere ex cry where WOAW. Omaha Th*a#««a*fhtw# Y<hi rial douMmurpirr fin. 0—1“** WI.A1. p,** ,f §i STKINITK •« wt HH. *511 C ■ ■'■ . MWK..MM ftMMl bcttfvr >w B^B^^^e mb e^^aea at mbb^b «ft«Bw. till BBi «M Iwatai Bteit (Bit Cnnalal Affataa T*’# tTHBiri ••tea from *—<n #f l«*i a #4 thara lal Cl ill UIH F C#>e«ela. •«# a# a.r He4 mi a Radte w*Ma a rate* W ^vvbub viivi Catwhlahar Al aaa mite WlteNi Mi Three MeeA-Uee ALL FOR. I j ff/T* z/r- FTEIN’TTR ta no otvlinarv erratal. Itaan •F ^ M^aR«ie Mtlrair new d»*o'v#rt Oivn* tip new \yi> 1 " 1 1 *" . athltme* Km- cryatal aet reem rer*. r ■ 1 ■ ■■ ■- ■■ ■ ■ ■ STFINITF CRY ST A l.s are t*,n- VaM Kthtfaweat IfOORfc ttWB/toTataS^a.SI t; imitated ■— Itae m Nhi lUapj ouarantm mJ r»»i iiiTiiM in. ii"li r«t J,"~ y"ytlT* "rr** riM ' •** Fl»a Tata Bat. til. r««r art »<»!». < \' » .m» a*# aat N>rr*-< FM1 de*crvtote literatureen nejueet. Mera »ha* ,'»a*#d I anil s*«.i *«<* *««t »v.„ ■■■■■■' ■ withaut avy a«i*att<v« T>m« Ib« 4kx«mi I .. .._ . _ . .. .. _ ha*>Pa w^l tea'lhr ha • >%*- tt FifUrw JSSTtt!mi B^^saruar ■ss. :x^:rn^r-i2: STFIMTF. LABORATORIES. 11 m« ««#-. iroisav u«u
