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About The Omaha morning bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 1922-1927 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 4, 1924)
WOODROW WILSON’S RISE TO POWER EPIC OF DEMOCRACY As Leader of America in War HeStrove to Enforce His Ideals; Failed in Fight tor Principles By Xssnrlnted Press. Twenty-eighth president of the United States and the first democrat since Jackson to serve two succes sive terms, Woodrow Wilson occu pied the presidency during eight years of such world upheaval and turmoil that his proper place in his tory cannot he assigned to him until l’is contemporaries are likewise as signed to their niches. Certainly, he ranks as one of the great war presidents of the Amer ican republic and he exercised such <11 influence in world nffatrs as never before attached to his office. Kmpires crumbled, thrones col lapsed, the map of the world was made over, and under ills administra tion the country abandoned its pol icy of Isolation and became an ac tive participant in world affairs. In oil of that he took a powerful hand. No biographer could attempt to assess him accurately and In full un til the processes which began In his day and with his participation have come to a conclusion. An obscure lawyer, by nature a of letters, he became an edu cator and won his first attention from the public ns president of Princeton university. Then by the strange ways of a political system ho became governor of New Jersey and later because the voters of the republican party were divided be tween Theodora Roosevelt and Wil liam H. Taft he became president of the United States. During his eight years of power he traveled the gamut of human emo tions—victory, defeat; courtship and marriage; responsibility for leading a nation into war with the collateral responsibility of bringing it back again to tlie ways of peace, and finally a daily struggle with death. He bad heard himself hailed by the millions of Europe as “the God of peace” anil heard his name hissed by tlie same millions. Acclaimed at one time almost ns a new Messiah, ho heard himself excoriated and de nounced as an autocrat and worse at home and abroad. No other presi dent since Lincoln was so worshipped and hated; no other president since Roosevelt had such friends and such enemies. Through it all he preserved in outward calm while the grim de stroyer which hovered close about him during the last months of his occupancy of the presidency, followed him relentlessly to the modest home w here he lived the ways of a retired gentleninn and knocked at his door every day until it was at last opened. After having borne the burdens of a war president, he undertook the task of making a peace which he sincerely believed would be a lasting one and although he succeeded in (Retting Europe to accept it in large measure his own country rejected It. And In tlie fight he broke his health, wore himself out, suffered a stroke of paralysis which led to his death, and declared through it all that he would have been happy to give his life for the success of his efforts. Woodrow Wilson was a precedent smasher from beginning to end. He began by reviving the practice of Washington and Jefferson in deliver ing his messages to Congress in per son; he finished hy actually leaving American soil and going to Europe. His was the responsibility of derid ing when a country with a people torn by conflicting sympathies was ready to throw itself into the great world war, and when the moment came he took the responsibility of throwing in the men and millions, which turned the scale to victory. Whatever an army of Boswells may write, that will be the part in which he will be best remembered by coming generations. Born in Stanton, Ya., December IS, 1856, of Scotch-Irlsh parentage, lie was christened Thomas Woodrow Wilson and he was known In early life as "Tommy." After he was graduated from Princeton In 1879 he was known only as Woodrow Wilson. His father was the Rev. Joseph Ruggles Wilson, a Presbyterian clergyman, and his mother was Jessie Woodrow. Studies I-atv. When he was 2 years old the fortunes of his father took the faun to Augusta, Ga., and later to Co lumbia., 8. C., where at the age of 17 Thomas Woodrow IVlIson entered Davidson college, but left there soon to go to Princeton. After graduation nt Princeton he studied law at the University of Virginia and in 1882 hung out his shingle in Atlanta, Ga. Meantime he courted Ellen Uouise Axson, the daughter of a Savannah Presbyterian clergyman. They* were married in 1885 and had three daughters, Margaret, the eldest, who diil not marry; Jessie, who became the wife of Francis Howes Sayre, and Eleanor, who became the wife of advkhtihfmknt. “BLESSED WITH PERFECT HEALTH BY INTERNAL BATHING" Miss Emma F. d* Merritt of 611 1'tth St , Sacramento, Cal., write* to the Tyrrell Hygienic Institute of Mew York: •since using the 'J. B. M. Cas cade,1 I can do thing* I would not have attempted before. I do not get tired or worn out and that awful heavy feeling ha* entirely disappeared from my head.” The "J. B. L. Cascade” cleansea the lower Intestine Its entire length and keeps It always free of poison ous waste. Thousand* testify that Constipa tion, Indigestion, Stomach Troubles, Biliousness, Headaches and all the many serious troubles which they cause are absolutely relieved ana prevented by this Nature Treat ment. \ve will gladly explain to you tha almple operation of the "J H I> Casrade,” why It I* so certain In It* isHUlts. and will give you free of ^ ost, an Interesting little book oon ^talnlng the result* of the experi ences of Hr. tlhas A. Tyrrell of New York, who was a spsclsllst on Intestinal Complaints for »6 years In that city. Ust m fte* booklet at Shsrxan * McConnell. William G. MeAdoo, secretary of the treasury during her father's admin istration and later a presidential as pirant. Mr. Wilson once said that as a young lawyer he wore out the rug in his office walking around the desk waiting for clients, so he abandoned a legal career and went to Johns Hopkins university at Baltimore for a post graduate course in letters. While there he published his first hook “Congressional Government," a study in American politics. It evoked offer j of professorships at Bryn Mawr and Wesleyan and won recog nition at home and abroad. The young man who wrote of the defects of the American political system in 1881! found himself to deal with them later. Having written in a depreca tory tone of the tendency toward au tocracy in American presidents he lived to hear himself called the great est autocrat of them all and to see a resolution declaring his office vacant on those grounds introduced and ta bled in the senate. Becomes Professor. Successively, Mr. Wilson became professor of history ami political economy at Bryn Muwr and at Wes leyan University and later professor of Jurisprudence and political economy at Princeton where. Professor Wil son had gained high reputation as a writer. Some of his works, with the date of their production, were as fol lows: "The State—Elements of Histor ical and Practical Politics," (1889); "Division and Reunion," (18931; "George Washington," (1896); "A History of the American People,” (1902); "Constitutional Government In the United States,” (1908); “Free Life," (1913): “When a Man Comes To Himself.” (1915); “On Being Human,” (19161; "An Old Master and Other Po litical Essays,” and "Mere Literature and other Essays,” were among his earlier writings. His state papers, notes to belligerentxgovernments and addresses to congress, would fill many volumes. The honorary degree of doctor of laws was bestowed upon him by Wake Forest college (1887); Tulane university (1893); Johns Hopkins (1902); Brown university (1903): Har vard university (1907); Williams col lege (1908), and Dartmouth college (1909). Yale made him a doctor of literature In 1901. Life was a pretty well settled nf fair with him while lie was president of Princeton. Its great oaks, shaded lawns and historic halls, furnished the settings In which Mr. Wilson did much of the literary work which late. was to attract the world. He prob ably had little thought of being snatched into the maelstrom of poll tics and war. He drew some public attention in the fight for preservation of democratic ideals at the university, but he lived the life of a family man on small pay and as late as 1910 was contemplating retiring on a teacher's pension. That years the Inexorable force of events came into evidence. The tide which "sweeps on to fortune" began to rise about him. Nominated for governor of New Jersey in a political situation about which many interest ing things have been said and de nied with equal fervor, ho was elected orP the democratic ticket, and Im mediately took on the state “bosses” for a round of combat which attracted the attention of the country. In the Jersey legislature he found the young lawyer, Joseph P. Tumulty, who be came his private secretary and bi ographer. Drive* Program Through Political opponents charged Gov ernor Wilson with radicalism hut he drove his program through. The out standing legislation was the "seven sisters laws," a series of hills drafted under his direction which dealt with trusts. N'ew Jersey up to that time, because of Its incorporate laws, had been called a rendezvous for monopo lies. Governor Wilson’s nomination for the presidency at the democratic con vention of 1912 in Baltimore was one of the dramatic spectacles of Ameri can political history. It was a battle royal which brought him victory after more Ilian 40 ballots. Champ Clark, the venerable and beloved speaker of the House of Rep resentatives, led Wilson in the early voting—in fact polled a majority of the delegates. For the first time in bistort a democratic national conven tion refused to give the necessary two thirds to a candidate who had gotten a majority. William Jennings Bryan, himself the nominee of three previous conventions, led the fight against Clark in one of the bitterest contests ever conducted in American politics. It broke Clark's heart—he, never forgave Wilson or Bryan—and he opposed Wilson's policies in con gress repeatedly. Clark knew he lost not only the nomination, but the presidency, for the contest between Taft and Roosevelt assured such a rift in the republican vote that the |election of a democrat was all but in evitable. The convention realized thLs for the man who nominated Clark de clared: "We meet not only to choose a can didate but to choose a president." At any rate, Woodrow Wilson got the nomination and won the election with 435 electoral votes. Roosevelt got 88 and Taft got 8. He came to the White House on March 4, 1913, signalizing the return of the democ racy to power after successive de feats of 16 years. Galvanizes Country. Immediately he galvanized the country, appearing before congress In person, publicly denouncing 'a vi llous lobby” which he charged was attempting to Influence in Washing ton and launched a legislative pro gram which included repeal of the tariff, revision of the currency sys tem, new styles of control of the trusts, t tie creation of many new gov ernment agencies, and pitch a multi tude of other legislative business (bat congress and the country had diffi culty in keeping up with It. Congress thought Theodore Ttoose velt a ‘'dictator” and an "autocrat,” hut it soon found itself dancing to Woodrow Wilson's tune and at first it danced very obediently and with very little grumbling. Mr. Wilson early confessed that he had a ‘‘ono track mind” and he proved to con gress early in his administration that he knew what he wanted and how to get it. He had a cabinet, it was true, but he consulted it after he had de termined wliat he wanted to do. When lie wanted « bill introduced in congress lie frequently drew it him self and If it hesitated on passage he .summoned the leaders—and It passed soon thereafter. In dealing with the cabinet he did ills own thinking and conducted much impor tant business of the various depart ments direct from the White House. Hardly had Mr. Wilson gotten him self turned around when he had his first foreign situation to deal with, it was with Mexico and was a legacy from the preceding republican ad ministration. The republican chief tains said they left It for Mr. Wilson because they didn't want to embar rass him in dealing with it. The democrats declared the republicans had ‘‘passed the buck." It came to a crisis when Huerta, the dictator, seized the reins of government and I’resident Madero and Vice president Suarez were murdered. Mr. Wilson had very fixed ideas of his own on succession to the presidency by assas sination. He thought it pretty gen eral in Central America and he told confidantes It was going to stop. He withheld recognition from Huerta and the situation boiled until Huerta troops attacked some American blue jackets at Tampico and Mr. Wilson ordered the occupation of Vera f'ruz hy the American army. The official reason given for the occupation was that the German ship Ypiranga was about to land arms and ammunition for Huerta ami the occupation was to prevent it. The United Stales de mantled a salute to the flag, which, critics of the Wilson administration -1 Eight Years of Great Events Under Wilson' Hr Associated. Tress. "Washington, Feb. 3.—Here were the principal avents during the Wil son administrations: The world war. Refusal of the senate to ratify treaty of Versailles and the league of nations convenant. Negotiation of arbitration treaties with Great Britain, Japan and many other countries. Military occupation of Haiti, Santo Domingo and Vera Crus. Purchase of the Danish West Indies. Refusal to recognize any leader In l.atin America who acquired office by force. Refusal to recognize the Russian soviet government. Establishment of— Federal reserve banking system. Rural credits banking system. Federal trade commission. Tariff commission. Shipping board and emergency fleet corporation. War risk bureau. Federal water power commission. Employes' compensation and Alien property custodian. Construction of great government owned merchant marine and govern ment railroad In Alaska. Enactment of— Constitutional amendments provid ing for direct election of senators, national prohibition and equal suf frage. Selective service draft set, a war measure. Clayton anti trust law. Eight hour day fnr railroad em ployes. Workmens' compensation law. Daw for federal aid in state high way construction. Da Follette seamen act. Immigration law with literacy test. Revenue law with huge Increases in income and other taxes. Repeal of the clause in Panama canal law exempting American ships from toils. Government operations of railroads and telegraph and telephone lines as war measure, together with food and fuel control. Sale of seized enemy dye and chem ical patents to chemical foundation. Passage of the Esch-Cummlns transportation act and creation of railroad labor board. Creation of Pacific battle fleet with transfer to Pacific of bulk of naval forces. too# delight In pointing out, never wan given. Events Solve Mexican Problem. Events in Mexico solved their own problem In a few months when Car ranza, another newly risen leader, ejected Huerta who fled. American troops were withdrawn from Vera Cruz and later President Wilson os tended formal recognition to ths Car ranza government. But In 1920 Car ranza In turn fled In the face of an armed revolution and the Mexican problem came back to a republican administration. Mr. Wilson was much criticised for "weakness'’ In handling the Mexi can situation, but his friends said he saw a world-war coining and had told them he "did not propose to have the V'nlted .States caught with one hand tied behind its back." He did not propose to he engaged In a war with Mexico at such a time. At all AIIV EKTISEM ENT. Piles Disappear Peterson’s Ointment ' ricase lPt me tell you." saya Pat erson, "that for Instant relief from the misery of blind, bleeding or itch ing piles, there Is nothing so good as Peterson's Ointment, as thousands have testified." Best for old sores and Itching skin. All druggists, 15c, 60c. 'NOW and — the very best tobacco you ever put in your pipe! events, the world war broke the same year. Woodrow Wilson'added his ap peals to the futile effort to stay it, sitting by the bedside of his dying wife on a memorable August 6, 1S14. Mrs. Wilson passed away that day, and with a world taking fire about him, he took her body to her girl hood home In Home, Ha., for burial. The president was almost prostrated with his grief, and returned alone to the White House to face his burden. Mr. AVilson's friends always said that from the first Mr. AViisot} saw it would be a world war and that the linked Stales eventually would he drawn In. But he realized that the country drawing its population from the states of Europe which were going to war w'otild face a much divided sentiment and a very difficult situa tion. Ilis first words to his country men were a caution to strict neutral ity. Mr. Wilson's efforts were devoted to keeping his country neutral until the submarine outrages began. He was at first unable to believe that tlie atrocities had the sanction of the Her man government, hut was convinced when they sunk the Lusitania. That incident brought the first rift In his official family. AATlliam Jennings Bryan, secretary of state, an avowed pacifist, opposed Mr. Wilson's course and left the cabinet. Mr. AA'ilson nevertheless went ahead and warned the Herman government against sacri ficing the lives of American citizens. Through a diplomatic correspondence which continued for two yeai s the president built up a record which reached its climax when he handed passports to Count Johann A'on Bern storff, the German ambassador, and asked congress to declare war, which it did. With that the president led the nation into the tremendous effort before it. Wife Clings to Hand as Wilson Dies (Continued From l’««e On,.) his me1”■'Vies, his hopes and his re gret"., was another scene. There was a gathering of people there. It was not a crusading throng come to a rneoca in pilgrimsge to Attest to a faith In the Ideals he personified. Kneel in Prayer. It whs a groun o| men nn<Twomen kneeling on the pavement in silent prayer. Small prayer slips hearing the inscription "Peace on Karth, Good Will Toward Men." held In their hands, fluttered in the chill wind which swirled Up the debris and 1 t ter left by the watchers engaged In the solemnity of the death watt h that the world might know. "Mr. Wilson is attaining the peace that passerh all understanding," said their leader, while the throng sank to its knees and remained In silence for a minute. Then a sickly sun broke through a cloud hank. A little native warbler, a pilgrim venturing north in search of early sun and spring slopped for a moment and from his twig aloft uttered a happy note. Almost at that moment, Mr. Wilson was passing on. Immediately, the great government over which h« presided for eight years began taking steps to give marks of its respect. President fnol idge heard the word of Mr. Wilson s death while In church with Mrs. Coolidge. Immediately, at the conclu sion of the services, he drove to the Wilson home and left cards. Flaps on the government buildings and government property everywhere were lowered to half mast. The news went t<» army posts everywhere and to the sli ps at sea. A 30-day period of official mourning was ordered n* the government had done for Colonel Moose veil and other former presi dents. Congress arranged to ad journ tomorrow, executive debar ments were ordered closed on the day of the funeral; soc ial activities at the White Mouse coming within the period of mourning were orered aban doned. Official telegrams wore dispatched to the embassies and legations abroad for the information of roreign governments. One cablegram going to far-off Siam carried the news to Mr. Wilson’s daughter, Mrs. Francis Bowes Sayre. She is with her hus band at Bangkok, where he Is adviser to the Siamese government. Another telegram was dispatched to Mr. Wilson’ other daughter. Mrs. William (J. McAdoo, who with her husband and children, is speeding to Washington on a train from Califor nia. *‘l Am l{eady,M l.a*t Words. Mr. Wilson’s Jnst words of sus tained moaning were spoken Friday. They were. “I am ready.” Realizing fully that he could not hope to rayy from the onslaught of the digestive disorder which sapped his strength, weakened his heart and accentuated the condition which fob lowed his stroke of paralysis, he watched for a moment when all ex cept Dr. Grayson were out of his bed chamber. Drawing his friend and physician close, he murmured with some difficulty of articulation: ‘‘The old machine has broken down. You've done your best for me. Rut it's better that I should go than to live on a helpless invalid. Tell Mrs. Wilson I want her. I’m ready.” All this without a show of emotion but in his u^ual measured habit of speech. Mrs. Wilson came at the phy sician's call and spoke for several mo ments with her husband during which lie committed to her some last wishes. From that time on Mr. Wilson lived out his fast, fleeting life with the full knowledge that he was on the thresh old of th»*^ gr* at beyond. Martyr to Peace, Nebraskan Declares (Continued From Page One.) felt that he hart seized upon the essential point. Further, Wilson was the only man that could have created the league, and for that reason he was justified in going to the peace conference. "1 felt, as I watched the work of the league committee, that it was not something being precipitated, hut was a thing well threshed out. When It was in Its final form. 1 felt, as tie read the covenant and a* he made the speech of explanation, that 1 was in one of the biggest scenes in his tory. "A« T stood there, an Englishman turned to me and said: ’ "I’m an Englishman, hut today 1 would like to be an American. I never have heard your president before, but I felt that 1 must make an effort ’o Red feather chick starter in the Automatic Feeder Package . is more than just a chick feed. It is health and life insurance for your newly hatched chicks. Feed it for the first 14 days and experience the satisfaction of raising every liveable chick. Save yourself time, money and trouble. Phone the nearest grocery store or Red Feather Dealer today. RED FEATHER FEEDS ARE GUARANTEED Red Feather Chick Starter ^frith ButtorniiJJJ. ; *• t nn*t «ni «* M. C. PETERS MILL CO. 29th nnd II Sit.. South Omaha, Nch. hoar him. Now that I have, I feel like saying, "laird, now let Thy serv ant depart In peace, I've heard a man." * "And then, when the president re turned to Paris, even his own dele gation advised against the inclusion of the league in the treaty. He stood alone, and liis ability to stand by him self saved the covenant. "He believed firmly that the Arneri can public was with him. I recall Mr. Wickershatn's telling him that, ■with a few- changes, it would pass. AVhen the senate resisted, tie took It to the country and he did so despite the warning of Hr. <Jraj-son that it might mean liis life. Kor that very reason I say Woodroow Wilson was a real martyr. “My reason for saying that Wood row Wilson was one of the few- great figures of history is that if Hie league is as big as 1 think it is, then Wil son's standing up for it and putting it over singlehanded makes it one of the great feats of history. “I think I may best express my opinion of him, as I saw hirn in Paris, when I say, I felt like it was worth while being an American when Ainer ica was represented hv such a man." And then, with a half sigh, he con eluded, "Isri t it a pity." _eague Speaking Tour Taken Despite doctors << oittinoed From rags One.) oriums. the greatest ordeal of the rip was the sucesslon of long, low automobile parades through heering street throngs. On several lueh occasions, supported by the hand -f Mrs. Wilson, his constant com >anlon, he stood in his car and waved his hat rnore than an hour at i stretch. The last Sf>eerh was at Pueblo, 'olo, on the afternoon of September !5. He began his address in his isual vigorous fashion, but those* * ith him felt he was working under •ressure. He had planned to speak •nly 20 minutes, hut he actually talk d for an hour, hesitatingly at times, nd with growing effort. Mrs. \\ itson Moved. Still less at ease was Mrs. Wil* ion. seated near him on the speak* * platform. .She grew more and •iore nervous as h** continued and when, toward the close of the ad Iress, he told of their visit to an American soldier cemetery in France, ears coursed down her checks. Hater that afternoon at Baxter’s •ridge, near Pueblo, the presidential l>ecal halted for an hour, while on r Hrayson’s order, Mr. Wilson took BLUE CAB CO. Meter Rates—Prompt Service CALL AT-3322 — w w § THRILLS! BEAUTY! DRAMA! TENSE APPEAL! GEORGE ARLISS * ‘THE GREEK GODDESS’ With ALICE JOYCE DAVID POWELL and HARRY T. MORLEY The famou* Mage *ucc«»* that thrilled audience* for year* now come* to the •creen. a »en*ational art achievement. Pre»ented with a Beautiful Prologue Originated by Ruth St. Dennis And Executed by j Gladys Mullin* I Seaton's Laugh Success Now Playing HALTON POWELL PLAYERS In the Higrh Powered i Musical Farce ‘PRETTY PAPA’ On the Screen MAE MARSH in “PADDY” Vaudeville - Photoplay* j Now Playing SAUCY BABY MUSIC A! LXTRAX AGANZA With Cut ol 30 f me. SUPPORTING Hill. 1 On the Screen AGNES AYRES in "THE HFART RAIDER" Omaha'* Fun I'mtw Mat and Nit* Today Th* Shoo With th* I un In It. DIXON r AAlS^y A LAM S Jig ■ ■■■■t? Bui Irak ith CLAIRE D» \ INI . MORAN A \B LSI H Beauty Chorus ot 20 Alluring Vamps I ladln' |di Bai gam Mat , 2 IB Wr*W Day* a lung walk down a dusty country road. But he seemed in good spir its. swinging along rapidly and reso lutely and exchanging pleasantries with country folk along the way. All of that night he was ill from nervous Indigestion, but the next, norning as the train approached Wichita Kails, Kan., he dressed and had started working over some notes for his address there before his phy sician could prevail on him to go back to bed. The rive speaking en gagements remaining were canceled and with a i tear track and without schedule, the special train was turned eastward to Washington, which Woodrow Wilson was destined never to leave again. Two Executives Die in 7 Months Onlv One Former President, William Howard 1 aft. Still Living. The d«a»h of Woodrow Wilson marks the passing of two inen who wore chief executives of the nation w it inn seven months. Warren G. Harding died in Han Francisco August 2, at 7.30 in the eve/iing. President Harding was 57 yea:* and 9 months of age. Former President Wilson's age is 67 years 1 month and 4 days. One other former president is liv ing, William Howard Taft. President Chester A. Arthur was the youngest at the time of his death. He was 49. John Adams, second president, lived 25 years after the expiration of his term and was 90 when he died. George Washington and I3en;amin Harrison were 67 when they died. TODAY All This Week Twice Daily | Matinees 2:30. Ev’nfs, 8:25 jj I Creates? Sown Aftractan A UNIVERSAL MOGUCTW 500 R'i«r«'d 50c 500 5” $1.00 Reser'. ed seat tickets, inchdiri 2d bal cony now on sale for all p: r for nuances. INCLUDING NEXT WEEK Prices: Ev’nfs, 50c. $1.00 and $ 1 -50 Daily Matinees, 50c, 75c and $1.00 N N O O w w .RENO Rialto Famous Orchestra Exit Caeaer Kinograma r ? ?0—NOW P1AY1NG—« W DE LYLE ALDA With Ed war'd Tierney A James DonnaTv "Compliments of the Season** Kenney A Hollis 3 Danoise Sisters FFNTON A FIELD Catherine Sinclair A Co. WHITE SISTERS -NEW WEEK-DAY TRICES: (Monday to Saturda%'. 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