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About The Omaha morning bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 1922-1927 | View Entire Issue (June 24, 1923)
President Harding Voices Message of Cheer to Farmers in Speech at Hutchinson - y Predicts Gradual Improvement in Rural Conditions Chief Executive of Nation Ex presses Opinion That Worst of Prewar De pression Has Passed. (Continued From Fa«e One.) ■with automobiles, telephones, movies and the radio, the present lot of the farmer is not so very bad after all. He regretted that a tendency toward extravagance exists among the farm ing population, and cautioned them to live within their incomes, if possible. It was a pleasant little speech, al though it held out no definite promises of further relief for the farmer along the lines upon which Senator Smith Brookhart of Iowa, and other mem bers of the “farm bloc" in congress are working. Following is the test of Mr. Hard lng's speech: Fellow Citizens of Kansas and Fellow Americans All: A half score of years or more ago, I was making a number of addresses in your state, and had the good for tune to make a more or less initmate survey of several thriving Kansan communities. While driving in the outskirts of a county seat town, not a hundred miles from here, we noted In the distance a structure rather more imposing than the average home, and I made inquiry as to its ownership. My host said: “Well, sir, I'll have to apologize. That’s the coun ty poorhouse, but it is out of commis sion. We discontinued its public op eration for we had no inmates." “Omit the apology,” I said, "and make It a boast. I never saw an unoccupied almshouse before. If this is a reflex of the life of Kansas, it is a glorious chapter in human progress." My host had spoken truly. More Interesting still, before my speaking tour was finished, I saw two other county almshouses which had been abandoned as public institutions, and made into eloquent monuments to a community’s good fortune. A civil ization without a public charge is not the supreme attainment in human progress, but it is a lofty achievement and I know there cannot be very much wrong with the fundamentals of the government under which it is recorded. Probably the fortunes of agricul tural Kansas are not today precisely what they were a dozen years ago, and agricultural fortunes are invari ably reflected in the fortunes of all others, because they are so closely related and Interdependent that there can be no good or ill fortune of one without Influencing the other. The world has been in a social, indus trial. financial and political upheaval since then. The very fabric of civil ization has been sorely tested, dynas ties have fallen, monarchies have fail ed, revolution has reigned in various sections of the world and disasters have exacted their toll nearly every where and in nearly every way. Confidence Restored. The losses to American agriculture are universally admitted and deplored, but It is not an experience peculiar to American agriculture alone. Nor was the readjustment following war's in flations a burden to agriculture alone. It came to the railroads, to hankers, to manufacturers, and to the mercan tile world. The miracle is that we all escaped with so relatively little of disaster. It is characteristic of hu man nature that we magnify our own ills and too little appraise the ills #of others, but the eyes of the government are attracted to them all. I hesitate to tell you how seriously vast Interests, presumably unendanpered by the changing tides of business, were af footed, and at what sacrifices disast ers were averted. Looking backward, I find my confidence in the social and industrial fabric of this republic strengthened by our wonderful em ergence from threatening disaster. Kver since the earlier processes of deflation which began after the world war we have been studying nnd talk ing about the rehabilitation and the better organization of our agricultural industries. I confess a very frank pride in the government’s part in bettering a sit uation against which you justly com plained and which all the people of the nation deplored. The co-operation of all the governmental agencies, and with them the co-operation of the fine forces of leadership which the great national farm organizations have de veloped, made It possible to secure a measure of helpful results in this de partment of our endeavors, which has been especially gratifying. Moreover, it has found prompt reflection in the Improved status of every agricultural concern. We have been officially in formed that owing to Improved condl tlons the farm products of the coun try for 1922 were worth $2,000,000, OhO more than they were In 1921. Clearly, we are through the worst of the depression nnd can reasonably ex pect gradual Improvement. Fanners Respond. The balance within the Industry, as between livestock and grain pro duction, has been restored. The dls turbance of that equilibrium, so high ly important to a properly adjusted agriculture, had .been one of the un fortunate and unavoidable results of the wartime necessities. Called to feed a world, American farmers had willingly responded to the demand for special efforts in certain lines of pro duction. Relationships between sup plies and demand for some staples were badly disrupted slid could not he Instantly restored when peace came. That waa In considerable part responsible for the violent fluctua tions which Imposed so much hard ship on the farmer. Along with this distortion of the production ratios went an even more acute and dlffl cult disturbance of the factors which determine foreign demand. While the war lasted there was no possibility of overproduction of such staples as wheat and cotton, for ex ample; nnd when pence suddenly burst upon the world, the farmer had plans for a long future which he could not readjust Instantly, No hu man wisdom could possibly have fore told the course that would be taken by supplies nnd demand; nnd it is ns futile as It Is obvious to us now to say that wisdom would have dictated at least a less precipitate policy In removing the war time restrictions and guidance in dealing with some aspects of production and distribu tion, « When the present administration came into responsibility, agriculture was in the lowest ebb of depression. The Immediate need was for measures to meet an emergency. There was urgent call to keep open and so far as possible enlarge our foreign mar kets, and this was accomplished by a prompt policy of placing necessary credits at the disposal of those en gaged in finding foreign markets for our foodstuffs; by arresting and re versing the drastic deflation which had the seeming, under the former administration, of being aimed espe cially at the destruction of agricul ture's prosperity; by recalling the War Finance corporation from its state of suspended animation, giving it a credit of $1,000,000,000 In govern ment funds, and recommissioning it tc afford relief to the American farm er. The wisdom of this action was demonstrqfp# by results. Results Are Shown. Four hundred million dollars have been loaned by this Institution, three-fourths of it to the farming and livestock interests. At the same time the emergency tariff measure was passed, by wihich to secure the farmer’s home market against the Hood of competing articles from dis tant corners of the earth. During the war vast quantities of farm pro ducts had been dammed up in coun tries so distant that shortage of shipping made transportation to Europe impossible. With the seas again free, these sought, at what ever price could be obtained, the one market where there was real buying capacity and cash to pay— the great market of the United States. We took prompt measures to stop this movement; and the com bination of effective protection, eas ier credits, and the operations of the War Finance corporation quickly arrested the downward trend and started agriculture upon the up grade once more. It is only fair to pause a moment and emphasize the value of these measures of agricultural relief so promptly put forward by the con press. The new tariff schedules saved for the American farmer a vitally important and gravely men aced home market. The resumption of the war finance operations, backed by the resources of the only gov ernment on earth that was able to summon such a credit, enabled the American farmer to compete for sn'es abroad. Along with these measures, prompt steps were taken to put the Federal Farm Loan board back into business. Like the War Finance corporation, it had been In a state of suspended activity for want of money to loan. It was given a credit of $50,000,000 and resumed loaning on farm property. A bill to facilitate co-operative marketing of farm products was passed. Legislation to prevent harmful gambling in agricultural futures was passed, held by the courts to be unconstitutional, and quickly repassed with the defects removed. The act for the control and regulation of the meat packers was enacted. Important reductions of freight rates on agricultural products were effected. Certain restrictions upon the operation of the joint-stock land banks, which had prevented them from doing their share in financing the farm, were removed. The loan of $10,000 which had formerly been Imposed upon the Federal Land Banks was Increased to $26,000, a change which Is certain greatly to Increase the practicable usefulness and range of operations of this system. I Irrigation Great Aid. A measure of the utmost import ance to farmers in those partB of the country where irrigation is the very basis of agricultural life is the act authorizing formation of irrigation districts, whereby the waterusing settlers are brought together in as sociations to conduct their relations with the federal government. For merly the settlers had to adjust all differences of this kind ns individuals, at great expense and inconvenience to themselves. These water-users' or ganizations promise to become nuclei of highly useful cooperations in as semhling, shipping and selling the products of the irrigation districts. Furthep encouragement was extended to the irrigation farmers by amend ing the farm loan art to provide terms on which the land banka could make loans to farmers on the irrigation projects, whose conditions and neces sities require special treatment. i’et another provision in behalf of ■ this same community is made by the new law which authorizes extending the time on payments due from Ir rigation farmers to the government. This measure has given a new chance to thousands of farmers In the Irrga tion areas who have fallen under the - same misfortunes that have afflicted other farmers, and who had been un able temporarily to meet their com mltments to the government. If the recital of this long list of accomplishments In the farmer's be half shall have seemed to suggest that Washington has been devoting Itself with a special and perhaps a partial assiduity to the agricultural Interests, I shall reply that the farmer has re ceived nothing more than was coming to him; nothing more than he needed; nothing mere than was good for him; anti nothing that was not also good for all of our national Interests, bound up as they are In the nation reaching mutuality of dependence and inter dependence. I tell you frankly that I ten proud to be able to rtjine to you today and tell you of what halt been done, been use In doing It. we have Reived not. only the farmers, but everybody else in this land. Credits Act fraised. But that l» not all. I have re served till the last what we may well appraise the crowning achievement of the entire list. I refer to the code nf agricultural credit legislation known ns th» agricultural credit act of 192.1, which became law In the closing days of the last congress. It has not been possible yet to perfect machinery for administering this set, but 1 do not hesitate to express con fidence Hint tills scheme of ngrtcul turn! eredlts, taken In connection with the other enactments I have described, furnishes the hnsls for the most enlightened, modern, sound, and efficient scheme of agricultural fl nance Hint has been set up In any country, and will enable the farmer in no distant future to free himself from obstacles which have made it difficult heretofore to conduct farm operations upon a sound, business like basis. Before describing this program of advancement in agricultural finance, permit me a word by way of bring ing before our minds the backgrounds of the agricultural problem. Farm ing is the oldest of all industries. It has supported the community in peace, and has been the most essen tial line of industrial defense in war; comrrfbjily, too, the first victim of war. In olden times the conqueror distributed the subjugated lands to his favorites, and his prisoners as slaves to till it. Thus land owner ship became the mark of favor and aristocracy. Later, the feudal re gime substituted the somewhat less severe conditions of serfdom and villenage for those of slavery on the soil. Then came the modern instttu tion of an agricultural peasantry, po lttically more free, but economically still held in fetters of old tradltio. Farther Left Out. Merchants and manufacturers, in the Middle Ages, devised banks to help therrf finance their ventures. Banking methods develop which serv ed their purposes, but were not adapt ed to the farmer. The farmer’s way of life made him an individualist. He could not organize the great co-opera tions which we call corporations. The banks did not furnish credit of the kind and on the terms he needed it. The manufacturer and merchant, do ing a large gorss business in propor tion to capital, having a short turn over period, wanted to borrow work ing capital for short periods. The farmer, with a long turnover period, wanted working capital on very dif ferent terms. / Now, the bank of deposit and dis count is easily the most completely co-operative institution that human society has devised. But it got start ed dealing primarily with industry and commerce, and the farmer never quite caught up with it. The rail road or industrial corporation raises plant capital by selling bonds; the farmer, by the essentially similar op eration of selling a mortgage on his land. Both still require at times, to supplement this capital, by making less permanent loans to pay operat ing costs. These loans theibanks make out of the funds intrusted to them by great communities of depositors. In order to keep their resources as liquid as possible, against the possibility of heavy demands from depositors, banks have preferred to loan for short periods, commonly one,'tow, or three months. This precisely suited the commercial or industrial borrower; It did not fit the farmer's case, because he requires a full year to produce most crops; two or three years, even in case of livestock. New System Adapted. So, as the ordinary banking prac tice did not meet she farmers' needs, the Idea arose of establishing inter mediate credit institutions, which should advance money for longer periods than the merchant or manu facturer desired if, but yet not on the long-time basis of the farmers’ mortgage or the corporation's bond. Various forms have been taken by these Institutions in different coun tries and under different conditions. Hut I doubt if tliero has ever before been set up a system of intermedi ate farm credit so well adapted to serve the needs of the farmers in America. This legislation designed ,to furnish necessary intermediate credit for pro duction purposes, taken In connection with the Federal Farm loan system, which provides long time mortgage credit, and with the new law making easy the organization and conduct of co-operative associations, and with the amended federal warehouse act. provides what seems to be a com plete. scientific and well-rounded, effl clent and workable system of agricul tural finance. Quite possibly experi ence may show the need of minor amendments here and there to the credit act, but the principle under lying it Is sound and needed changes can readily be secured. Under the agricultural credit net. which became law last March, two classes of corporations are authorized. First come the Federal Intermediate credit banks. They are 12 in num ber, just as there are 12 Federal Re serve banks and 12 Federal Farm Uoan banks. Each Intermediate Credit bank is to have J5.000.000 cap ital, subscribed by the secretary of the treasury in the name of the United States and paid for from the treasury. There Is to be one of these banka In connection with each Fed eral Farm Uoan bank, and they mny be under the same or separate man agements k The Federal Intermediate Credit hanks are to make loans to banks, or to co-operative marketing assoola tlons of farmers, which associations are carefully provided for. The loans Brk t» be tnadr spetvfyatly for Rgn , cultural purposes. Debenture* Supply Honda. Whenever the loans made from the original rnpltsl reach an aggregate Justifying It, the farm loan board, which supervises the system, may Is sue debenture bonds against the *'■ rurltles which the intermediate credit tiankn have taken. The sale of these debentures will put tlio banks in funds otfce more for a new loaning campaign: and so, In the revolving fund fashion which has been made familiar through the operations of the farm loan board in real estate mortgagee, the endless < haln goes on and on, drawing In with each sale of debentures a new supply of capital for loaning to the farmers Tim Intermediate credit, banks ate fundamentally dlffernt from the faim I dan banks In this; that "while the farm loan banks advance money only on real estate mortgage security, the intermediate credit institutions are to discount farmers' notes taken by local banks and to loan on personal and chultol security—livestock farm equipment, growing orops, snd the like. The debenture* sold by the Intermediate credit Wanks are tnx ex empt precisely as me Ihe debentures of the farm loan banks The debentures will be sold to the public a! a rate sufficiently below that charged the Original borrower, to Insure that all expenses will be met by llie margin of difference. These banks are authorised lo make loans on these debentures to the amount of 111 times their capital; that Is, each bank may carry $110,000,000 of husl ness, which places the total for the system of 12 banka at $600,0(10,000. Under the same law. another and entirely distinct set of corporations are provided for, called national agri cultural credit corporations. These are to be set up, their capital fur nished, and their management con trolled by 'private capital and enter prise, under the general supervision of the comptroller of the currency. A national agricultural credit corpora tion may be formed with capital not less than $250,000, and national banks are authorized on proper condi tions to subscribe for stock in such corporations, in the aggregate not. exceeding 10 per cent of their capital and surplus. Time Extended on Stork. The National Agricultural Credit corporation is authorized to make loans for agricultural purposes on chattlels, livestock, growing crops, and persona! credit up to a period of nine months; except that in the case of breeding stock and dairy herds the period may be extended to three years. They may Issue debentures against the securities they have received, end these may be marketed up ’to what ever amount may be determined by the regulations prescribed by the comptroller. To facilitate the mar keting of the debentures issued by these corporations, a class of redis count banks is provided. A credit corporation may subscribe up to 20 per cent of its stock to the capital of the rediscount bank. A minimum of $1,000,000 paid up capital must be provided for a rediscount bank. The rediscount bank, on the responsibility of its own capitalization, will enter the general money market, float the debentures that have been turned over to It by the credit corporations, and thus provide them with new funds for further investments. It is simply another application of the revolving fund or endless credit chain Idea which we found Illustrated In the case of the Intermediate Credit hank*. The utmost care has been taken to surround these various institutions with every possible safeguard that can he afforded through skilled supervision, ample responsibility, and sound methods. It is the Judgment of financial experts that their deben tures will find Just as ready an ac ceptance among investors as have those of the Federal Farm Loan board. System is Snmplete. There Is thus created at last a complete farm credit system which, drawing together the aggregated re sponsibility of the greatest single Industry in the land, backed by the security of the land, and of live stock, warehoused and growing crops, all kinds of agricultural equip ment; and. finally, by character and high responsibility of the men and women who constitute the great ag ricultural community, will be cap able of furnishing the American farmers, for the first time in the history of agriculture In any coun try, adequate investment and work ing capital on terms as favorable as those accorded to commerce and In dustry. Many people have been Inclined to be skeptical of benefits which might follow the enactment of legislation to give the farmer a better system of credit. They have said that the farmer needs be*ter prices for his crops and livestock, rather than easier ways to borrow money. That is true, but these friend* to not seem to understand that prices of crops and livestock are directly In fluenced hy credit facilities. In the past, farmers have been obliged to finance their productive enterprises by borrowing money for short terms When times are good they have difficulty in renewing these loans, but in period* of finnn cila stress too many farmers have found themselves under the neces sity of pushing their crops or their livestock on the market, not infre quently before the latter Is fully fi'le.l for market. In order to pay notes which they had expected to be able, to renew, thus at times flooding the market and seriously de pressing prices. Under a system of intermediate credit, administered with reference to the farmers' sea sonal requirements, they should be able to market both their ct-evpa and livestock in a more orderly fashion, and this In itself will be a potent In fluence In keeping prices more stable and reasonable. 1 thoroughly agree that what is needed Is fair prices; and I very well know that ihe farmer ^antg to get out of debt rather than to get further Into debt. But It is my opin ion that both these ends will he much more quickly accomplished through this new system qf agricul tural credits. Congress Is I.auded. The legislation enacted by congress due* not by any means measure the attention congress his given during the jmsf two years to th# needs of tgrlPUltuiR. People who have not been familiar with what has been go Irtg on lu congress can little appre ciate Iho exhaustive study which the '‘ipprOpri.'Ue committees of congress havo given to our agricultural prob lems. Day after day. and week after week, ami month after month these committee .Whave held hearings They have considered every conceivable measure suggested for relief. They have listened patiently to all who came to them. They enacted legisla tion which suenied to promise real help. They did not enact all the measures which were suggested, ho eatiee after the most exhaustive study they he. iime convinced that sin h measures would not only lie no help hut might aggravate an already had situation. On back with me for Just one glance, in conclusion, at ihe steps which have marked the rise of agri culture to this. Its new estate. We need to go back hut a few goncra lions lo the lime when the title to land represented no more than the Whim of a de-ipot or the shifting and uncertain fortune* of a military ad venturer The agricultural workei was a serf, a mete human chattel, hound to the *' II no which lie lived and lo the servt. >• of the particular adventurer who at the moment. In the permutations of fortunes and of favor, chained to hold the land In the view of his n istera h« had no right* which could command re spent, hla political status was nil, und he was permitted the least pos-sl Me share In the fruits of his toll on which hr could keep toget her his soul If Indeed It were conceded that lie had a soul—and Ills body, so as to perform the grueling loll of tasks that were regarded n« utterly menial. All agricultural operations were crude, In k efficient, barbaric. The great light with which science and organization and efflicient methods have illumined the art of agriculture had not yet cast Its first feebls rays over the desolate and dehumanized landscape of the rural countryside. The old time picture is one to make women weep and men despair of their kind. Inspired by Visions. But somehow the life of the open places, under a Rky which inspired always the longing for a fair chance; somehow the daily touch with the mighty fores of mother nature In all her wondrous moods; somehow the dim realization that there was yet something beyond and above the squalor and misery of his immediate surroundings— somejiow. through the centuries of his serfdom, these things kept the farmer mindful of possibilities for better times and friendlier fates; kept him longing for liberty; inspired him in the age long struggle to lift himself up to a wider vision of life; moved him to eternal revolt against the fetters which bound; gave him courage for the seemingly hopeless conflict with destiny. The centuries passed, and untold millions went to their graves de sparilrtg. But other millions follow ed. to seize the torch and bear It a little farther on the road. The slave became a villein, the villein a peas ant, and yet the grim struggle went on, with political rights and economic emancipation as its twin goals. Pain fully. doggedly, the men of the soil tolled under their dual burden of furnishing sustenance for humanity and keeping alight the flame of that consuming purpose to achieve free dom and human equality. Down to times so near our own that they ai# but the yesterdays of history, the outcome of the struggle seemed in doubt. But mankinds darkest hour was followed by the dawn. The vast structure of artifice and selfishness which had been built and supported by the soil at length crumbled under its own weight of futility and corruption. The revolu fionary movements of the Ifcth cen tury, the reformations of the early 19th, the spread of knowledge, the rise of invention and growth of in dustrialism—all these combined to extort from tyranny the recognition of human rights. The man of the land had won his first battle; the hat tie for a place in the political sys tem. Struggle Is Difficult. The economic struggle was longer and harder, because it had to be waged against preconceptions and prejudices which through the ages had driven their roots deep into the very fundamentals of human nature Itself It was not possible, all at once, to establish the conception that the tiller of the soil, ignored through centuries, must now be taken into full fellowship with the favored of the earth. Sometimes I think it more interest ing to recall the more modern process of emancipation, because it will bring reminders to quell needless insur gency and suggest at least that mod erate contentment whit'll will tend to b!-as, I can well recall the making of Kansas, and the nearby states of the Mississippi and Missouri valleys. That was when farming was more a strug gle for subsisrer.ee than a contest in Industry. That was back in covered wagon days, when the men of Ohio, and bordering staff*!, migrated w- t ward, too poor to come with family and possessions by rail, where rail travel was possible, so they build- d their wagons, loaded all their material possessions which the wagon w uld carry, crowned the cargo with the family, and drove westward under the glow of the star of empire. A few returned, but the great majority dug in. battled with nature and her ele ments, and conquered. In those grim days there were no motor cars, no electric lights The' cracky wagon, now forgotten in our 1 lexicons, or the spring wagon, double seated, was the luxury of travel, and; The kerosene Limp had recently put) the tallow dip to shame. Ten dollars in rash in the family purse was an in ordinate excess, and a hundred dollars cash balance for the year's trade was success extraordinary. Nowadays ife expend more money for gasoline go ing to and from town In one w->ek thin was spent for kerosene to lllu mine the home for a whole year a generation or two ago. The farm emancipation in thin country has been apace with other advancement, though there are inevitably period* of unbalanced price relationship*, the reflexes of supply and demand, which have vexed and discouraged. New I’roblenm Arise. There is no escaping the relativity of outlay to income. The sane prac tice is to make sure that the outlay is less than income, hut it is some how inherent in our lives that we pay more or less as we receive. I can re call when my annual offering to the church was |1, and it was considered ample. But it cost me more, and I gladly paid, when my annual earn ing expanded. We live very much ac cording to our Incomes. It Is proper that we should. The citizen who skimps and denies while the tide of good fortune Is flooding is often ac claimed a miser and an undersirable citizen. My point is that agricultural em ancipation has brought itp problems as well as liberation. The blue sky stock salesman can dissipate a farm surplus with ready facility, and ex travagance on the farm is no less cost ly than In palatial city homes. I arn sorry that simple rural life is too often giving away to modern extrav agances. In the rise and fall of na tions, in the peaceful conquest for hu man advancement, the simple-living peoples will make the long survival and record the notable triumphs. It Is good to contemplate the poli tical, social, economic and financial equility of the American farmer, good to confirm his title to all the in strumentalities and facilities which make for success In other activities, because he is the supreme contribu tor to human welfare. And he brings another invaluable asset to our re public. He has been and must con tinue to be the anchorage of depend able public opinion when ephemeral whims are appealing and storms cf passion play. The farmer, better than all other toilers in our community life, has learned that only the re ward-* of endeavor spur humanity on to larger achievement. He fully appraises property rights and the necessity of their preservations. In spite of his adversities, the farmer has never failed as the stalwart de fender of the American heritage. In I his fuller participation, the American j farmer must continue to be the I stabilizer of sentiment and the de fender of our fundamentals upon which is builded the republic which wrought his emancipation. Record of Leviathan Lauded by Passengers (Continued From Page One.I to offend while letting our own in terests suffer. We get no apologies in British aggression. Our states men ran not compete with Balfour and the generations of trained diplo mats that preceded him. I hope we are waking up and will claim what belongs to us." Representative Britten, republican, of Illinois, said: "Today's advertisement to the whole world that an American mer chant ship had smashed ail speed records justifies this trip. The criti cism that came from American sources was unpatriotic." Justifies Test Voyage. Representative M'Fadden, republi can, of Pennsylvania said: "Certain refect* in the engineering and operation prove the necessity of giving the ship a severe transatlsn tic test voyage." Representative Madden of Illinois said he expected a revival of the! fight for the ship subsidy. Cithers be-i lieved the government would continue; to operate the ships indefinitely. Member* of the shipping boar i expressed confidence that congress j would authorize two 112,000.000 shin*; to aid the Atlantic service, from funds already available The Agi memnon is regarded as wosthless fori recondition, but it is possible that! the Mount Vernon could be won- mic put into shape. The Leviathan's position at noon; was 150 miles southeast of Cape Henlopen. There was a fog and th*’ navigators could hardly see 100 feet nh'ad. President Goes Into Ripening Wheat Fields (Continued From Cage One.) O'Neal's estimate of $15 an acre coat of production. Figure Out Coat. "Let's figure it out," he said. a* he got out pencil and paper. And there in the middle of the golden field they put their heads together and figured. The computation of the cost, when they finally completed It, read like this: Interest on capital value on land, $5. Plowing. $1 50. Harrowing, .25. Drilling, .33. Harvesting, $2 50. Threshing. $2.50. Hauling. .75. Seeding, .85. Total. $13.40, * ‘‘Arid," said O'Neal, "that is not in eluding taxes, which on th s land run about $1.80 an aefie President Impressed. The president wag impressed. The field experience of the president was the high light of the most strenuous day he has engaged in since leaving the capital, and he thoroughly enjoyed it. Mrs. Harding's enjoyment was no less keen. From the train, the president and Mrs. Hard.ng and members of their party were taken for a drive through the waving golden fields of Reno coun ty. At Chester O'Neal's farm they stopped. An audience of about a hundred farmers, their wives and children and "hired hands" had gathered there in anticipation of their ceming For half an hour the Hardings mingled demo cratically in the stubble field, exchang ing gossip and farm talk." Has Picture Taken. The president had h.s picture taken with little Mary Jane Dyson. IX months o!d, and they both seemed to enjoy it. Mary Jane wag unafraid and clung tightly to the lapel of the president's coat for some time after the photographers had finished shoot ing. When somebody commented upon the fact that Mary Jane seemed to be bearing her honors with dignity and courage, her proud father ex claimed: ' Aw, she ain't afraid of aft vthing'" The president was a little reluctant to demonstrate his wheat cutting abilities before sc critical an audience, but under the insistence of Governor Davis. Senator Capper and the farm ers, he consented to try it. He explained first, however, that his wheat rutting experience had been with a team of horses, or going still further taek, with the scythe, when the sheaves were bound and shocked by hand. The snorting tractor was something new. Proves Kfficient Driter. He finally mounted the seat, bow er, remarking to the driver, whom he displaced: . . "I'm afraid these people are trying to get me in good with Henry Ford.'* The president proved a very effi cient driver. He went straight as an arrow down the long, clean lines of the wheat, and his only mistake was being a bit skittish on the turns. He did it so well, however, that it merit ed the congratulations from the real farmers who made up hi* audience, and he got down from his perch, brushing off the grasshoppers and apparently well pleased. From the wheat field, the president went to a luncheon at which many leading Kansans were present ar.d they further impressed on him the dissatisfaction of the farmers of this , s»Ktion. The president's long speech at the fair grounds was. for the most part, received with respectful attention. The greatest outburst of applause name when Mr Harding observed that "the firmer has received nothing more than was coming to him." They liked that and applauded. Front the fair grounds, with its perspiring, shirt sleeved crowd, the president was taken to the local golf toursr fi,r a f< w holes, and late in the •fternoon departed for Denver, where he is due to arrive Sunday morning for a Monday speech on law enforce , tnent. Fashion Parades in Broadway’s Musical Shows Peggy Joyce to Wear $50,000 Wrap—“‘Faith Healer"’ Is r Flayed hv Press—Dilling ham Gives Million. By SI.ME SILVERMAN Written Kiiimalv for CnlYrrMl Service. New York, June 23.—Fashion pa rades in Broadway revues this sum mer will see their start next week in Earl Carroll's "Vanities of 1923.” One scene of that piece will he de voted to furs, 3250.000 worth, fur nished by a New York firm, with Peg gy Joyce to appear in it encased in a 350,000 ermine coat wearing all of the Jewels she £is acquired to date In her career. They are said to equal 31,500.000 cost price. The other parade, of clothes only, will be in "Fashions of 1923.” the new revue Alexander Leftwich is produc ing for the Lyceum. Mercantile men are reported acting as the financial sponsors of both productions. Denounce "Healer." Dr. W. B. Thompson, known over hf ^e as a faith healer,” and Yvho has been appearing in English theaters under the name of Pharus. offering to cure all ills, has been denounced by London nw-gpapers. The "Daily Sketch" called Pharus an undesirable alien and demanded he he deported. The Evening Standard" termed him a charlatan. "Pharus" declined to give a test at the Miller General hospital last Satur day alleging the committee refused to permit him to take along assistants or witnesses. Musical R-view Flash. A clash of scene* and ideas for sical revues has occurred in two rent Broadway productions opening within the week. The attractions are the Bhuberts' "Passing Bhow" at the Winter Garden and White's "Scandals'' at the Globe. The Bhuberts presented their "Pass ing Show" before White's "Scandals" oould reach the Globe, "heating" White to Broadway by four days. I* is an unprecedented theatrical sit uation for two big summer shews to hcild several similar scenes while ap pealing to the same theater patrons. A further aggravation for shew pro ducers in general la that most of the conflicting scenes are based on orig inals from abroad. Another clash may happen net week when the new edition of "Z.eg feld Follies" at the New Amsterdam will carry a scene the other two shows have. "Enemies of Women." The American picture productior (Cosmopolitan) of "Enemies of Wom en,” is a pronounced success on its opening week at the Empire theater. London, according to a cable this week to "Variety." Manager Silves ter of Paris’ most fashionable theater, the Vaudeville, is negotiating to run the picture there during thi* sum mer. Bums In Mo visa. Robert Burns, the S ottish poet. w-.Il - » water's next play It will follow bT author's "Robert E Lee" to be first produced in England, as was Drink water's "Lincoln." Charles Dillingham has achieved a lifetime's ambition "to give' someone a million." He did it in Vienna the other day—one million kronen to a hotel porter for a tip. In cash in America, said Dillingham, that was 114._ EAT IN COMFORT At th« Henthaw CaMmi It Is tha Cx»!e*t Cafeteria tn Omaha BEATTY'S Henshaw Cafeteria Hotel Hen»h*w --- I Ail-Boy—Boy-Alls Q With Child’s Xante 0,1 hi very Car meat 1 These sturdy garments will meet all requirements of a playtime outfit, for they are cool, comfortable, easy to slip into, amt will withstand the roughest games. Seams are bar tacked to prevent ripping, buttons are riveted through the cloth so that they cannot possibly come off. Made of good quality Blue fienim Khaki Striped Denim Either in solid color or with rod trimming. In two styles: round Dutch collar, hut toned down the back, or roil collar and x buttoned down the front. Tomboy Alls Pair 98c A little girl, too, many he a comfortably dressed as her brother. 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