.v.
English Dealt Fairly at
Seventh installment of
is presented today to reader f The Omaha Sunday Bee.
Love of country, instilled while still a boy, was the
outstanding characteristic of. the younjr Irish leader who,
through an American newspaper correspondent, has bared
facts in regard to Krin'u struggle for freedom never be
fore revealed. Final chapters of the narrative were given
the correspondent shortly before Collins' assassination.
How the Master week uprising, instead of being an
ignominious failure, became a spur to Irish loyalty be
cause England treated the disturbance seriously has been
explained in previous installments. IJeeause of England's
action, perpetrators of the uprising went to martyrs'
death?, declared Prof. Koin MacNeill, to whom Collins
sent the writer of his story to get this part of the tale "first
hand."
iiy )ivin; i Alitor.
(..pinalit, III.'!, r lurk linrnraii.
----
CHAPTr.K XIV- Continued.
' I until ipati d what eubreiUoiitly
turnid out to to- tin- firt, liritiiiii
must represent tn im Unit tin' north
it would never acitiP In more,
while representing thrin tlmt In aui li
II settlement they would be preserv
ing that w hirl) I hey professed t
llllVS lit lllMII't, till- Sl-fltlllll'lltlll t It!
w ith the niitlnri to which thi y Were
supposed tu hi' litt;lthil,
"In those preliminary iinferenccs ,
ft few iif us hold Hint imy settle
ment which i I In. Include thi!
possibility nf mi united liilunil
which wn nut tu-. I l-m r.I on tint
living truth, THAT EVKKV HUSH
MAN H FIUMT AN IKIHIIMAN
WITH ItKillTS TDK KA.MK AS
THOME OF KVEKVnTIIEIMItlMII
MAN wuuM li unacceptable to iih.
"It Was lint hii li 1 1 H h (hit partition
net Itself thilt muttered It was mi
even mure formidable legacy tlmt
England would leave us, PAKTI
TloN OF VIEW. Tlmt Ih there,
imil It Iiiih to In- dealt with. It is
fur us, to whom union Ik mi article,
nf unr national faith, bubal wilhjt.
Coercion Is ,
Frowned Upon
"For Urn most purl 1 1 Vulera
Ht llrst seemed to bo In accord
with Iim views voiced by (irlfflih
and inc. An little by little Childer
wormed Ills wny Into our councils,
however, I)o Valera' attitude grail
milly rhamrod.
"From beginning to end, Mm It
iiinl Urugha were unqualifiedly
hostilo to tliu whole Mea of enter
lri!T Into negotiations with England.
Vet for a long time we hud nil been
agreed on the fundamental wisdom
of no coercion for Ulster. Likewise
we were one In our conviction tlmt
a divided Ireland could never bo a
free Ireland.
"It was and, more' the pity, it
sllll in this serious Internal prob
lem which led biiiiiu of us to argue
for the attainment of the final Htepsi
of freedom by evolution rather than
by force. If we could obtain sub
Hiantlal freedom by consenting to
association with the British empire
it would at leaHt givo uh time to
tench tho northeast to revolvo In
tin! Irish ublt ami to get out of
t ti t orbit of (treat Britain,
"We held that in acquiescing In
a pence which would admittedly In
volve some postponement of the
f iiltllhnent. of our national senti
inent by agreeing to Home nsHocia
liou of our Irish tin I ion with the
British natioiiH we would be going
a long way towanlM men iim the
sentiment of the northeast In it h
supposed ntlarlinicnt to England.
"Against these counsels the un
compromising republicans raised lip
the objection that by consenting to
bargain with England before she
recognized the republic we should
lii letting the republic down. But
lie Valera himself pointed to the
fact that thin was not an issue to
he argued then.
"Mr. Lloyd ticorgc had already
made it clear that no such recogni
tion -would be granted. Further
more, it was pointed nut that were
the Irish republic a recognized fact
we should have to use our resources
to coerce northeast t'lstcr into sub
Illusion. None of the conferees was
prepared to sponsor such a course
of action.
Peace Offer
Already Made
"We hail long since concluded
Hint coercion even if II succeeded
could never have the lasting ef
fect Willi li i on vermilion on our
side, and acqiiicrnc on theirs,
would produce.
'Our post! ton at this time, as ii
ppoarvtl to inc. was one ,,f greater
i 1 Iliitll than ev er In-fore in the
h - un y of Ireland under English
idt.
From the Ensli-h viewpoint,
p i. w.th ItvUnd In I become a
:i... !() In the lUltlsh t-ihlnet
'i a.tv Mr. 1 o, George tn July
t hi. I nnd pii- offi-r to Ik
V , '. m That crtrr b id not 1-eni ae
;i it-Se to h Irli-h pe.'1-le.
lit fi-rr nff l it Mr flmr. h!'V t
I ,-i !, Hi ?,-: r.- r of the iot-
V: 11', till ',d
' . , pi Kl ! PUl f Of-
i. 11 1. tl 'l 0 '' of psfiv
tvinn,ll !.!-. o le hv fie
ii .it.t; 'i i' '- ii -
i it4'n fr t' 1' t Id iii
1,.,. LH!t. '-l "1 -f t-lh h
t , io iti't -s Pi i .- .1 an I. it
all r't. li a i.siiosU
i Her." "
adwu el' M '!..
, r..teois'o i- ri it"H e-
. , i.i int i-' ; .m ith
, t-ll!4.
.. l lt -l I
It I
I 11 l- .,ea M
It II I t if
il I
.I '- --'
a I
.,H I
t. ,
nt.ua Ii
-,. Ut-l-'l' ' ' ' ' "
' a-- e ' 1
a ar- t 4 : .. f
i-. tc.tfuihl f'i "" r
!. ' ' ' '
, f I -r i I--
i a
. a
( .... ' '
, ,, . 1.4 t II
ir .1 .1
f , i , ' ""
. V. 1 i ' - '"
I 0 u : - ' I " I -
.i- vl- i. ..- -
- l I ' 4
Iwaai I f W aaA
"Michael Collins' Own Story,'
slrenitlh. Itul I foiicht the stupid
notion Hint we were strong rmiiuili
10 rely on force alone,"
In f uit her ilii.i ussliig the Invita
tion from Llo)d fjeorge to negotiate
11 treaty wilh Kngland, .Michael I'd
Una said to me;
A'o Real Change
of Heart Seen
"L'ngland wanted peai o with Ire
land, true; but If Ireland made Im
possible demands we could be shown
lo be Irreconcllables and then L'ng.
land would again huvu a free band
for whatever further measures of
force might be necessary 'to restore
law and order' In a country that
would not accept the responsibility
of doing so for Itself.
"I was under no delusion that the
oiY r Indicated any real ohnnRe of
heart on the part of Kngland
towards Ireland.
"In this ro.-'peol I was entirely
at one whir tho uncompromising
republicans. Hut I held that then,
as always, England' dilllciiliy was
Ireland's opportunity and we
shoiifd be fools to fall to seize II
merely bei nuse behind the offer was
no sincerity of good will.
"It. seemed to nm to make no
difference tlmt an n wakening con
science had nothing tu do with the
Knglish offer. It Is true that there
were stirrings of nonsi lence felt by
a minority of Englishmen the mi
nority that had opposed England's
intervention In the European war.
"They warn tho peaceful group,
averse to bloodshed on principle.
They were opposed to the killing we
had to do In self defense iuite as
much as they wero opposed to the
aggressive killing of our people by
the, rltlsh agents sent to Ireland
for that purpose.
"I urged that we waste no time in
considering this phase of the (dilu
tion. 1'acifists the world over are
almost without any political power
and have very lit lie popular sup
port. The point was that peace had
become necessary to England.
"It was not because, she had re-
pent eil in the very middle of her
black mid Inn terror. Jt wus not
because she could not. subject us!
It. was because she had not succeed
ed In vMibitiKaling . us before the
world's conscience awakened and
made itself felt.
"We had ample evidence of this.
There was, for instance, tlio frank
admission of Lord liirkenhead in the
Uritish house of lords early in
August :
teach High
t
Water Mark
" "I'lie progress of the coercive nl
lenipts made by-Jie government has
proved in a high degree disappoint
ing.' "From every side came proofs
that world sympathy was with us
passive' sympathy for the most
part. f we had done no more
and we had done much more this
winning of world sympathy was
itself a great aRset In the proposed
negotiations with Kngland.
"What it was never possible to
make (he more extreme of our con
ferees appreciate was that we hail
not heulen and never could hope
In beat the llritith military forces.
We had thus far prevented llieni
from contraventing our achievement.
nd in July, lll'l, we had reached
the hiuh water mark of what we
could do in the way of economic
and military residue.
"I suppose there are Irishmen
who will go to their graves still
cherishing the notion that continu
ation of the struggle would have
i nded In an overw helming victory
for Irish arms. It Is a pity, but it
is a fact. To such men figures
mean nothing. They will not see.
"Hut even some of these uncom
promising republicans had their nu
iiienis of sanity. Some of them at
least are on record (is recognizing
our in. ih Ply to beat the Ilntlsh out
of Ireland .-e what Mr. JVarton
liM.1 to kiv In The H-pubhe of Ire
land In Ha issue of February J I.
" ' . . . It hid b-coma plain
that tt plivsicxliy inipuasibl t
-ciira lrUiu1 Idesl of a complete
! loUt-t repubhe, oihri ttwiit
! drmiiiC the ni ei h, -Imnn!v u
(.!nf ril'i-ll f ' cot if !!l-
oiiilrv1 .
Abandon II ope
of liepubtic
: t I Mi, lu,. .-.! I
l il pl.t io irnei.iis I las Irr,,'
I iU -J al a s-stion i f a,l F. isinu
,vs.,( MvHf I is Ur A tf '
t,.r..e , 1 le, I u ti nrit,,
I V l" n ltnm o it I
I tl It- I irttvftt tf t il rsa r -
. I 4 I ! -,l um i, 4- la
i, , I i .. i- r ln
I in . i i i' t h'lai
. I- ' I t ! I. f I' t 1 i I,-
' - I llo' I I !
. , ,i ii i. iMii u att
I .' i i .l I twti at ia r ;..-
t euf pivsC'wa , a'
t-t Ib s If a K
t 4 rot 4 lit :--sl . as )-
.i-l t. it.
I - f i' - fc . i . . I-
i ia i-tn . m
I . - a s iv ' i
. I ,e, . . I ..,,s ...f
t . i . t - I s
- - , ' ! I ' ' '
.1, i 4
- , , - . I
I . . ....
.- !-.-, l - .-
Erskine Childera asinine scheme to get Kngland
to consent to a "hands off" policy toward Ireland, depor
tations of Sinn Feiners, Poland's devotion for Do Valera
and tho Sinn Fein convention in October, 1917, also have
been detailed.
"Lloyd Ceorge was not to blame, except nominally,
for the Knglish policy during the period of 1917-21."
This perhaps is one of the most startling statements
made by Collins, who asserted that the liritish prime
minister's attention was absorbed in the world war during
that period and left other matters to those under him.
The smashing of the British spy system, the great
est secret service in the world, through hunting down of
Irish traitors, robbing of mails and tapping of telephone
lines, has been described in detail. In reply to charges
against the Irish of unwarranted slayings, Collins de
clares the "murders' they committed were legitimate acts
would not yet acquiesce In any kind
of Isolation from Hrltnln. Jtefore
we unilerlook the treaty negotia
tions we. rtall.i'd these facts among
oursclvi s.
"find we nut realized I hem hail
we not accepted them as facts
there would have been no neto(la
Hons, I't there lie no doubt about
Unit.
"It Is true that before we accept
ed the Invitation sent by Mr. Lloyd
ti'eorgo Wo endeavored to get on un
fettered basis for tho conference.
And lifter negotiations had' been
begun as 1 shall presently point
out we continued to try.
"liocument No. 2 was un Instance
of this endeavor, lint we did not
succeed. Again and again we assert
ed our claim that the plenipoten
tiaries could enter such a conference
only as the spokesmen of an Inde
pendent sovereign slate.
"It was a claim lirltaln tacitly
li ' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - I In inviting us to negotiate
at. all, but I lie fact remains that
we dually went to London without
recognition of our nation as an In
'dependent sovereign state.
"We went ami In going we nil
milled Unit there was a possibility
of Hie Irish people reconciling 'Irish
national aspirations' with 'associa
tion of Ireland with the group of
imlloiis known as the British com
monwealth.' Irt us not fool our
selves about thiil!
Collins Asserts
Attitude Unfair
''Those who cannot, or who will
not look these facts in the face
lila me Us now and more than blame
us. They find fault with us be
cause in agreeing to some kind of
association of our nation with thu
liritish nations we were not itble,
by the touch of a magic wand, to
get rid of all language of empire,
That is not a fair attitude.
"We like that language no more,
perhaps lesM, than do those who
wish to make us responsible for Its
preservation, It is Hritaln's affair,
not ours, that she cares to preserva
the prevarications of obsolete feud
alism. "The British empire is what It Is.
It Is what It Is with all lis trap
pings, its symbols of monarchy, Us
feudal phraseology, Its obsolete
oaths of allegiance Its king a fig
urehead, having no Individual power
aa a king maintaining the un
healthy atmosphere of mediaeval
subservience translated Into moddrs
snobbery.
"Hut these are things that are
not to be dissipated by the waving
of a magic wtmdl
"Moreover, the result of our do
Mieralions speaks for itself we en
tered into negotiations with that
empireand its language Is the
language we had to speak.
"It is not any verbiage about
sovereignty which can assure our
power to shape our destinies. Tho
important thing is to grasp every
thing which is of benefit to us to
manage things for ourselves to
make such a constitution as suits
ourselves to make our government
and restore our national life in the
lines which suit our national char
acter and our national requirement
best.
"It. Is now only fratricidal strife
which can prevent us from making
the Gaelic Ireland which is our
goal."
Pleaded to Be
Left at Home
CllAI'TEIl XV.
My going to London as one or
the plenipotentiaries was in spite
of my conviction that any other
Irishman would serve the, cause of
Irish freedom better than Iat
least so far as the treaty negotia
tions were concerned.
' For three hours one night after
the decision had been made to send
4 ih lepilion to IauiiIou I pleaded
with Ie Yulri-ti to leave me at
home and b t some other man t ike
my plate as a nrgntuilor. TUit tt
wa no ue. My arguments naenied
lo fill on iKif ear. I had no
choii I h.id lo go "
Thl ai.itemeiit t'olllea nude t
m loans' months f!r be bad I' l l
ion I tie instil ' my of tli treaty
e gt (I ifi n - nut In view cf allilie
t ii-eunei tio-ea I w.ts pvihac-a ere
. f Ibe most '-iiiidii'tf tblnaa r
. v. r . 1,1 roe He 1 1 mitioe-l:
i f i .wiim w alt ke.i i hit !).'
-iff the tv'ttiinie tf IK niffi'tln
I. -OS H ei-liKI !rlt l.te I.I bltnij
l oit all libit L.Ui.l wxniiht and
.k--l V. lo hlle, Afv.1 tl, rrftttt
ku thai tmiii or ta eppi-lirl'iio
t .ill ! t !! ivwarl roii I
n. i n m Hii a Arthur flitt
I I' it h iU .-o t
. rvt'oft-d In jg-i, h ti tl
, lni li, t. l- ,1 l-t
i .1 v-
' , r . f y n v I 1 t 1 1! ' e 1 C ' - I
I tf It . HHt.lt I . i-Mj-l -)
It 'M I.-. ' t-l ih lnS p
a i- . I if b- to "
. t .. ,i I aa, i"uW i n i
fc i. l fci art It
I it. i,i4 t f o lii
.i, ,..! i a-,,; a fc. a -'
it I i.i MU i v.m ia I
. .! it l I . a i ho n
at H'l 41 I i I m I i
t, V- ft tt. if fc Is -f i ii
a
Im aol lkl li4 In lo-
HrM l k)llll '!
Illtl- (It lot t M il.i,l t4. tk
ll'li- -I I l h4 MM
m 1 t e rkt
ftt. it. , . , is, i m!4 Mm 1 4
Mai -t M MMU4 t
TUB SUNDAY Y OMAHA. OCTOM.I.
Throngs
rvss
The pliotograidi shows a general view of the funeral of .Michael Collins
the rorlegn unit part of the Immense throng Hint swarmed the streets to pay
the Irish free slate army.
their secret service organization anil
for their failure to terrorize Hie
Irish people with Hie black and
I ans.
"lirugha has spoken of this Eng
lish legend as a having been alto
gether of newspaper manufacture.
What dlfefrenco does that make'.'
Tha important fact was that In
England, as In Ireland, the Mic hael
Collins legend existed. It pictured
me a mysterious, active menace
elusive, unknown, unaccoiintalile.
"And In this respect I was the
only living Iiiehman of whom this
could be said. If and as long as
the legend continued to exert Its in
fiuence on English minds the ac
cruing ailvunlage to our cause
would continue. lirlng me Into the
spotlight of a London conference
and iiilckly would be discovered the
common clay of which I nm made!
The glamour of the legendary figure
would be gone forever.
Childers Held
Too Radical
"Whether De Valera underc-sll-mated
the advantage of keeping mo
in the background, whether he be
lieved my presence in, the delegation
would be of greater value Oft
AVllETHEi: Ft ill MOTIVES BEST
NOT INQl'IKED INTO. HE WISH
ED TO INCLUDE ME A MONO
Till': HCArEUOATH WHO MI ST
INEVITABLY FAIL TO WIN COM
PIETE SUCCESH Is of little im
portance. "Thu only fact that may appeal
to the careful reader as significant
is that TIE FORK THE NEOOTIA
TIONS It EUAN NO DOL'HT OF DK
VALERA'H K 1 N C E Tl I T V HAD
PLACE IN MY MIND!
"As I have before stated, I ob
jected to the prescnee of Childers
in the secretariat because, as 1 have
already pointed out, I considered
him at least altogether too radical
and Impractical, and, at worst, an
enemy of Ireland.
"Hut just ns I failed In my plea
to be kept off the delegation, so Pe
Valera would not listen to Childers'
exclusion. His argument was that
aside from whatever truth there
might be In my view that the men
ace I constituted wna of advantage
to us, Ireland needed her ablest ad-
ocates at the conference table, and
he Insisted I belonged In that rate
gory. "As for Childers and hera I am
convinced be was quite sincere he,
sold he consiiiereii nun me mosi pru-
bant constitutional authority Ira-
land had ever had and Ills presence
in the delegation an essential of
success, -
"So my wishes were thwarted.
Instead of I" Ing kept tn the bark
ground against all eventiritities
lo he offered In a rtiais as a finl
sacrifice with whiih to win out
ttay lei fteednm I had to :ilk Into
Whitehall and deal, f.ica I.i f,n,
with tha bends if the Uritish m
1 ire
' l Hie er moment I shak
ing hands wilh Mr. Mold l-eorge
on Ibe m ration of our Mitl inert in (
I here was sllll In rll. iiie Hie Huh.
hn i stile reward of lii.imu p.uiintt
.t hit rapture, dead or aie' huh
Miiirnll I li inindi 4 the llrlll-h
ptiote niinUIrr of Ibis lie oliinino
Ule ol aaUii. but llnl did H"l
t4tirM mild I had distotriid Hist
li knew to os lo l.liuh'
F.nglUh Agentt
Deal Candidly
r!'( tO l.VI. I
I!. I ,
, .... .
. i-it e iMttf-iti ,r 1. I . -. i
f , fl. I ii. tllirl .. M ,. ii
k S Iv I ! I,
.l le,iti, fv it, i v ! , ti
:',,4 t w-f. ISIO ..-! 11
t 1 In: if ! Mi t ' . .
llie l- titl i e V
I hit t.f f.i I i f .
ii"! vt m I i a t I. t - i
H r t v- ' I M I
1 iMn I lev v i
ll'S
iri'l
il--.
i II
. !
i a 1 ' 1 - '
it II
. Uifl .'
IK . I 1-4 k
4M !. (,t.iUI-i
Treaty
of self-defense forced upon
The arrest and harsh treatment of Francis Sheehy
Skeffington, Irish writer who was opposed to the use of
military methods to achieve the republic; his execution
with two other writers by the black and tans; the dis
heartening attempt to fix responsibility on the perpetra
ors of the alleged "murders" all this has been told by
the Willow Sketrington. Mrs. Skeffington later escaped
from Ireland In disguise and toured America to arouse
sympathy for the Irish cause.
The gun-running exploit at 1'owth, although fea
tured by tragedy when Uritish troops shot down two worn
en, a man and a boy after the soldiers were stoned at
Bachelor's Walk, was successful.
Hut the Irish attempt to import arms from Germany
for the Faster week uprising ended in disaster.
The ship was ready to leave a German port for Ire-
View Collins
Collins Denies
Duress Charge
"It would be poor return fur the
treatment accorded us In Loudon to
overstep the bounds of strict ethics
by divulging anything of the nego
tiations which In any way could
prove offensive lo tho English par
ticipants. I have no Intention of
doing so.
"Hut with that said there ate
certain points which I may shet
light upon without committing that
unpardonable offense. And to be.
gin with there Is one matter that I
can deal with without any breach
of confidence, or without any depart
ure from e(iuel.
"It. has been charged that we
signed the treaty under duress, II
has been s.ild we signed the trealy
under a threat of Immediate and
terrible war. That Is not true, H
was Hart on who first made this
i-hnrge, and by bis own statement,
proved himself a man who could be
successfully threatened!
"Hut Itiirfnn challenged to quote
the exact words used by any of the
English plenipidenllarics in fram
ing the alleged threat admitted
that it had never been voiced In
words!
"Nevertheless, Barton, having
signed the treaty, opposed It and
gave as his Justlllcntlon his hav
ing acted under a threat which
was never made! It In time this
kind of thing received the attention
it merits.
"Surely I have mnde It plain
enough that Tiritish armed force
could wipe tho Irish nation out of
existence. Is It necessary to labor
a self evident fact? No one but a
madman would question it. And
Sister of Casement
. . r rp
in Amenca ror lour
' lvX XShj-Z' t
'W OfV-L' ',e3Hsy' '' 1
-''Ae3St.H Vi
Mklilk rt''' :i L 1
"WiW'j, - V 2
Tl
Mi's. iine Ni-Hiiian, sitter of Sil
linger I KM'iiient and trh-nd of
Mlth.iel I iillins, has airltrri ill
on nt . for lour
.1, Itv tl si ii,- H. t: tie l" was ii
0 lb lit- I 'I i.it ii -I .it tlielta b iv it'
w its l-eu ,i l"tw-!-ll l.iiw .iod a'i'l
lit I ilid tl,.- tltlninl if dnlfs plrs
1 I I V I. Sit llt'Ct I 4 I hill I. .Ill t
..i .Oil- Li ill II bolll'l biW
iw ilmi l!.e Fl s'.nli l'!i' -f lli'i ilel -.
, ,t, 1 1 v.,11 .li' !.&.!
1 1, it . . . i ti , a of lh tlJ't. toe
,-..!:.. i i.i ,- ,t l! f I .il . and te
fc i,ii,f 41.4--. ear tfnlnl of Ho
Iv-lt i Ih.-. lintel 1 41 I'lfif
-it I.,.
i 1. 1 .
i- It i. ...
-I, ,i.
,1, I . I l i f .'it! 1
I,, . I ..l.lr I ' I II
i 1 . I l-.-kt .1. I .-. -
Cm I t' v I., ...
,! t I, I It li.', It t l ' ''I I' I
1.1 14 .1, i, . I 1 tn-. II
-ii-, I 4 o-' r 11 a !,, 1 .It i
I Ik,. 4-t Iv i--.- M IHal 'I I !
1 t I , '1 I ! '.t . "t I l I
tl.lk.l i! fi.. .it Vl ( .-I !' .4
lit
i ,4
I li.tM
1. 4. f I
ll.l
v 77
.M'l Ifc ft 4
Parley
them by Uritish oppression.
Cortege
::
in Dublin, with Hie funeral escort,
Inst respects lo Hie slain leader (if
that individual iiieiobeia of our
delegation Were directly threatened
has found lodgment In the minds
of men not conversant wilh the fun
damental rules of conduct of nego
tiations between two soverlgn states,
"of frankness there was plenty.
I'lam speaking was to our liking.
And there was Hide of subtlety and
drawing of line distinctions. Mean
time, however, the weeks dragged
along, nnd we could see small
chance of arriving t any possible
agreement.
"Time after time duly reported
in the world press we ndjournci,
the conference, and went back to
our colleagues In Dublin with noth
ing that was encouraging, to report.
"It was during the first of these
return visits that De Valera brought
forward the Hist rough draft of
what later came to be the 'Mysteri
ous Document No. 2.' Its right to
the tit In lay in the fact that it was
not of Do Valera's omposil inn.
Cuesses Author
of Document
"J'lit forward by him us his al
ternafwe lo the proposed treaty, It
was, In fact, tho work of Ersklne
Childera. I had little difllciilty In
guessing the id'-nllly of the author
as soon as 1 read II. Domltilonlsm
tinged every line of thltt production.
No Irishman who understood the
tradition and the history of Ireland
would have I nought or writ ten of
his count iy's aspirations In the
terms used Ml this document.
"I'nder tho terms of this docu
ment Ireland, by our own free offer,
was to bo represented at the Imperial
conference. Thus our status would
have been taken from a constitu
tional resolution passed at an Im
perial conference.
'It was quite clear that the out
look of the author nt the document
was noiiiiueii enure
was hounded entirely by the horinn
'"'inre. itm ie
Valera was insistent that we carry
Hie alternative proposal back to
London and there submit it as our
irreducuble minimum!
"We ilid so. The English dele
gates turned it down flatly.
"We brought it back to Dublin,
and it was revised and a mended-
"' ' i0"lc ' '"ning
street. Again it was turned down.
Aml r"",n""1 '" Va-
'era with til" twice rejected dot II-
ment. H'!t a third time revisions
and aioeniluii tils wete maili. and a
third timo we presented ourselves
In London with tin-
Childers coin-
proni.se.
"Win ii Mr. Lloul Un re b t us
Understand Hint timber repetition
of this kind could mean only the
fiii.fi breaking up of I hf entil'i-i i ni'e.
we shelved din iiiih nt ,o L'-- siietd
it for once and all. as we thought.
Lot that wi an error.
"Meantime 1 had come to hue
what I bi lien d and In l.evt f -w.it
a i lea r U'lderttvtnihng of the bnie
farts nf the silii'iHi.ii And when
tliH oppot t uriil - uroi-e 1 ju, id I!
'lillle t levar to Ho- itidlsll t pl t-elll:l
in.'S Di li on i iiel w i differim
l i i , i Hi . I of tl Hut of lli-
hrlee l i t' d pn o ,il
-t i 1 1 , I H ii 1 1 1 I il I it
tl, ! In r t "U Oil 1 W ' tl t I t .I'll ,' - II, -I
i , - .p..!, t.(.il.tn -. ill f. i !iik- ail di
t a i,'i. of in. i i'ii i ii.i i v 'l lo
,!i. e -I ill I!,' 1 I Ii el III'H ' i '
..it llie l-l il ; - It . I. t- ! III .11 ill lb-
I.t'!l 1 1-- .,1 I 1 ti t''..
,'!' fl t Hit I't'illlliill HI Iti"
'Lfi'i if cor Ivr-iir.' i . , ' . . it t.i. in.
e. f..on- I t. a
,Vl llluioll
in Mhttthnll
1 1
1 1 '
,i ii
i, ,.
Si -il
, a t
,. It, r
1 4
I-lit. I '
a . I. 1 t
i i r i
i.. i
. f faf
1 I 4
1 IU
I- ,--. I
.'
I
I
... 4- I I few . .. 4-
i
. . t
anil. Tho tlate or ine uiirieirtK nan m-rn nvi mr uimu nw
tiny. Hut uni'xpt'i'tfil (iiMicultim noiTHsitntorl potpon-nu-iit
of the rebrllion to the following wct-k. Dcnpert
firortfi to notify Sir IJojrt'r ('a.sfmrnt f the change in time
failed ami the nhiji nailed away. Surrounded by lirituh
patrol boafs in Tralee bay, tho rnptain had to snittl thft
nhip which went down with 20,000 rifles- and 1,000,000
round of ammunition.
('HMemerit, runhinfr to Ireland in a nubmarine to pre
vent hi comrade from attempting what he thouRht won.
the impoMMible, paitl for the trip with bin life.
Included in lout Sunday' installment were ttworn
HtatementM from neveral Irish persoiiH of aliened miHtreat
nient by I'.ritiith troopn. The installment cIohch with an
account of the Uritixh propoHal for peace and the Irish
leaders' determination to seek the maximum limit of freedom.
ISut lii Whitehall at least we knew
where we stood."
ArnphfyliiK his statement to me
that Winn the Irish plenipotenti
aries In the peace liei'i.ti.illotn with
KitKhiinl arrived III Whitehall they
found tin tillielvi N den II tin w ith plae
(leal men who dealt In fact only
and not In "line Idealism" or "im
practical di raining," Michael Col
lins went on:
"As I have said, I hesitated) to do
ariyfhlfiK that ran be construed ns
a breach of ellipiet but to make
my point quite clear I must risk the
rhaixe by cIIiiik two Inflames of
this iloWiul"dit fnuikm-fs which
chanicteri.i'd the Knidlsh aliitesriieu
with whom He il'alt,
England Objects
to Submarines
"It happened ilurinK the confer
erne between .Mr. Churchill and
Ixnd Itciilty and Childera and my
self in the colonial olllce to which
I Iiavo already referred.
"'n my emhariHsnnent over dill
ders' failure to produce anythliiK ap
proachliiK a reasonable Idea to bach
up his statement that he could
prove that Ireland was of no con
cern to lirltaln I searched rny mind
for something to say that would at
least make my eolleaifiie'a Imprac
ticability less KlarlOK.
"It will be renumbered that Chil
ders had Insisted I hut I'lymouth
whs ;t belter base for submarine
chasers than any Irish port: While
I on! lieatty was point in to tha
map and thus flatly disproving the.
truth of this assertion, I had an
Idea.
'TolnllnK to the French coast, I
auKKested that Havre, for Insbince,
would have made an excellent base
for tho liritish forces enifaited In
hunling submarines.
" 'Quite so,' replied aiviX Beatty.
Then he smiled and lidded, 'Hut we
can't take a French port!'
"If that constitutes duresa, I'll
admit that We were under duress.
But to my way of thlnklnir It la
plain talk, rlKht talk, and the kind
of talk I prefer my opponent to use,
"The other Instance of this will
Inicness on the port of the KnBllsh
men with whom we were dealing to
sny what, they mean wna furneshed
by Mr. Lloyd ileorKe. I think he
will have no objection to my quot
ing lilm. As I have already stifled,
I know he can laiikii,
"It was In the midst nf our con
sideration of the defense clauses In
the British proposals. Mr. Lloyd
fleorpe made it quits clear to 111
that the Uritish people could not, or
would not, for the sake of their own
safely, allow sny Irish government
to build submarines.
"Knirlnnd did nut mind If we
built a drendmiuKht or two, a bat
tleship or two although theso con
cessions do not appear In the slprned
treaty. Tn fijrhtlnR for vital conces
sions we were not weakening our
position by claiming anything so
obviously useless as the right tn
build and man a few capital ships.
"It must be apparent to every
one that, to do such a ridiculous
thing would be to play England's
game. 1
De Valera Sees
No Objections
"We could Indulge our vanity
if we were foolish ennui; Ii In waste
public funds in such a manner by
having an infant tuny that could
never mean in I liinir at all to the
liritish sea power but we could
not have one submarine! Subma
rines are cheap In build and require
few men to npenile them! Subma
rines are a real menace lo Kiiglauil!
"I fought 11 1 v best to try to argue
the point. After all, I said to the
liritish prime minister, Ireland
could never hope to wage aggressive
war Hcaiost England. Itostrleting
our. offensive armament secinei! lo
mo on a par with lourling a l. -ei
l ii I .
" 'Sol. linn inns,' repplied Mr t.lovd
iori;e, 'are the flvlng column of
lie sens He hulked h! Me elralght
as be said this, nnd nlowly a twinkle
f,l Ine loll, his eves. Then he tokt'
ev'aio. 'And I am mite,' b Sid
lie re Is no neid for ine lo tell vtm
Mr fullm, how iniiili d.inmte can
I..- n, Ma lt d bv 111 inn columns' We
iiate bad I H rlt'ln e Willi otf lit.
a'l.' i t.tiiitii'4 on land"
'll.i'M- Wt Irt . I li M 4 lit , 4t,d
tti.'o' II" km wli.il be w is lull,
eg iilatol Mule than tb.'ll -he
k in- w, I Ji.il t k in w '
' tlol IS V aii-l , ai d l ,
li, a li'l tf ill l it .ititiiKi-iui
' h i at4
til II III
111 JO I li il I' loll i f I'll li r V I
h4p II Wold I bs in.H lieiiy fj ,
I'll' il I" v l!,i ie Vllel II
0-1 lillll II polrlllil Vain if
lrlh ulni.iiiiitt ap-t Hill I'M' I
n did'
"I'l miv i-': lt itiiinl So
in 4 tli, I !! i,il4li lUlm .'.!
Ik-' nt, , , i . ti ; 4,t y ,, c f
I. el tn . oi i'ii I.'! ii alio
.1' Tl ) . i ii to I I ' ' ti. I I .i f n.
I l. 4iJ
' Hi II t I -" .1 1. 1 l: . .tl
' ' II, I' ll II, I , f"4v t 4 4 1. Ill
Ii 4 I". I I 4 It 4 I 4l I tl , ll Ui
utim Lt" n I'ii
!4'l e, I I .t!l, lil tlilvt I ,t
if III PI 1. i-tllritt Htl .
it'll. 'I f ' . M 'I I '1 irt t. .,
I 1.4 .1 ! 1' 14.1 it. It-'
' 14 i h li . . ( i ... " i l)i I,
-. t I. . 4 I !: ; ' i ' I . F I
II. 11 I i ... I . 4 ' I I I I - ' '
I li' t D-i ,:,d , , .,, It , 4 I,
i t I I tl I 4 4 i I 4 I 4 I " - -o. 1 44
11..,, tlt 1.4 l.i!r lift 4 i- . 4
lll'.l I t tl.-4 : 4 I , t 1., I'll
W i' ft --4 V lllltil.iltt it til
Collins a
1. 1 1 1 r 1 l.4
land, and with an eiecutlv re
sponsible to that parliament,
'"Ibis la I In, whole basli of tha
treaty, and It must be borne clearly
In mlml that the treaty (and
treaty, be it renumbered, 1
teeii eitialsl, Is tha bedrock fiom
whlrh our stnt ua splints, and that
any later art of the Ptltish lfclslo
lure derives Iti force from th
treaty only.
"W have the constitutional t
tus of Canada, and that status rsv
log one of freedom and equality, w
are free lo lake advantage of that
status. In fact, England has re
nounced (ill right to govern Ireland,
and tha withdrawal of h'-r forcea
Is the proof of this. With the eval
uation secured by tha treaty baa
come tha end of Jlrlllsli rule In In
la ml.
"No foreigner will be abla to In
tervene between our government
and our people. Will Irishmen roil
tlniie to intervene between our
got eminent and our people?
"Tho treaty we brought tionn
gave us the freedom we fought to
win freedom from British Inter
ference and domination,
"And it aeemed that tb Jrlah
people resident In Imdon eohald
ered It a triumph. For at tha af
tlon there were thousand of them
men, women and children wav
ing the tricolor and cheering ua and
singing happy folk songs. It wa
a heartening sight.
"Was It only a forerunner nt our
greeting in UubllnT We all won
dered." People Seem
Apathetic
CHAPTER XVI
"Our arrival with tha signed
treaty in Dublin on a gray, cold
Iieoember morning was In a aensa
prophetic of what was lo follow
through all tho bitter weeks of tha
Hall eessiona. Here were no aigna
of Jubilation, Thei wni no on
at the atatlon to rreet its. And
yet the newspaper had acclaimed!
the treaty ns a triumph. Even the
few people abroad at that early
hour aeemed strangely apathetic.
Had our four month of hard work
meant Just nothing at all to the
people whom we had tried to erv?
It appeared ho."
Collin spoke with an unaccustom
ed note of aadnesa in hi vole. Al
though at this tltn b did not mak
reference to It, I recalled an earlier
con fideitca of hi th real ambi
tion ha hoped on day to realize.
What he wanted above anything
else and I can any till because I
have hi word for It was to e
his country awaken to th meaning
of good citizenship and o permit
him to lay down th heavy burden
of leadership. And when that dav
rami! Collins hoped hs might be
uhle to set himself up In hiislnes
a little business In which h eould
never have to be afraid of becoming
rich!
That waa a very real fear In Col
lins' mind perhap th only fear
he ever knew. On two different OC
ciision it. becatn my duty to ae
i uai nt him with opportunities of
fered him by American Interest
through me.
One of tho involved his receiving
a sum of money greater than th
total of his life' earnings to ha
paid lo him for writing a aerie nf
in liiles for American publications.
He agreed to write Hie articles hut
flatly refused to accept payment for
I hem!
"Would you think of offering
our President Harding payment
for such a thing?" he asked (oberly.
Michael Collins was chairman of
the pinvislonal government, and be
held that any act unworthy of that
otllee must reflect mi the dignity of
the Irish nation.
Collins Refuses
to Make Journey
The nthir offer I prer-eiilt-d lo
I. on i.illed f ii bis ! nvmg th re
, hiioii' ilallt it-s nf fc.ivi-i nineitt lo
oihi is Mlid making Journey In
lliii I'mled ftiilen, Wlnie a leitui
lour loot liei ii tentatively airaiig. il
for him. He sh.ii.lt hi bead mil
I'h .la ally. Il va out of Ih ques
tion, he blooded And when I e
lil.itiied lo lit in that In tl months
if In tin tog be mul-l do iiior I "i
Inland isuse In Anient thin h
n ul l t ier i i iii iili bi any ollu r
-tut. be W t at. II olio. al I In Ida l'
f a-.tl el. n lo i'i .li I . If r II
I ii-k. I l.lin tf h. I I si y td
li"ii line b in..itt ,e I, if i-ouiil
un I v '. 0 a i i ll 41, i, i, ei
lei -I... ..It 1,'S h.-,,,l I I, .1 I li ill b
WoiiM b in lor I 4t ltl a in. I
hod d.. 11-41
'111 f-nb 11'' lit 44 d will)
rtui. Iti ' I II r finni
In,.! i 4 A o I' ' it il I'H w. ijll
run a .iii-r in, n tt.411 I am;-'
Ij it Iflutt t I nil lit' tli-ry i:
t;.t i hi ' . i i f II it'ii i
i ! ! f ."iti tit nt) aiii'itif
II. " " I' t " I ' I.1 II 1. I. ' 4 t.1
I' ' 45 ' v't -'ll it '! Bill 1(11 4
, o i i! i I w i -i I' a .i.t hi t mm
( . I nt (I" I'l I . I .1, ,14,1 ."-t
,! II- l.it 4-i it t A .III.
I I alrl, t t. ,
I , ' ,.14. IH M. k-l .l 1l 44
4i I ell,-, 14 ' Uil. itul i,4 if
I: 4 flit ..( I !l: ,,.J 1,
I .1 . 1,1 f I O lll.ill ',1
II t f ll ,ltl I. ldl ,., I I
I "' f I. t. I 1 , 1 .
i I I l I ' ,1 t IH ( t 11 , (
I l.M
lift k4 Hnll4r . "Vll, I4. I
InlliM' tt. i,- miH l4i(4V In
t
s
4
V
