10 IJ Pacific Street Paving Faulty, Says Auto CIuI County Coiiiiuiionrr Are .Warnril Not ! Pay Con tractor. Until Further In vMigatton (!imiilftri. Six picas of slune and pad of gravel sand miature stood on a table at th Koine hold Saturday noon be directors of thr Omaha Automobile fort directors of the Omaha Autonio- bite club. The stone rani(rd in thick ikm from 1 to 4', inrhc thick. The exhibits wrre identified by three nirn n ampin of the paving bate hid on the I'aiific itrcrt ind the Niiiitielh street jobs, a four-mil stretch of iMVinir. ' Tiie bate is supposed to be lis inches of olid foiicrctr. J. S, White, Gould JJirti and H L. Hopper, the latter an enniiwrr, declared that they puked the e hil'iti out of the bate with an ordi nary plik-axe and icooped the urivilnnil mixture up with their hand. White reported that a teat of other samples failed to show more than a trace of cement, although tne mix tiire ii supposed to be one-fifth ce nient. Board to Be Notified. Following thif report, the director! voted to notify the county commis sioners that the pavement it faulty and to warn them against paying any further money to the contractor, Jlaurr & Johnson, Legal action i threatened if the commissioners fail lo heed Ihe tin. ' . . County commissioner! were In vited to attend Niturday s meeting. Commissioner O'Connor alone ac cepted the invitation. W. II. Campen, chief inspector for the county on paving work, wa pres cnt. Hi answer to the charge of a alcimned job wai a flat denial. "I will offer $1,000 to anyone who can how me a piece of base on that job which ii only one. inch' thick," lie declared. "I will not believe it unless you take me along; and let me see you dig it out." Diicusaion Heated. The discussion was heated. "Why, we kicked holca in this so called concrete with our shoes," laid I. S. White. "It isn't a paving at all. Wo scooped up this 'concrete' with our bare hands." "In front of the Evangelical Luth eran church the so-called concrete is nothing hut a mass of loose gravel and (and," interjected Gould Dietz. "There isn't a trace of cement in it." Campen admitted that the concrete had failed to "set" in a few cases, but said the total pavement 10 af fected would not exceed a few square yards. "I made tests of my own," he said. "I found the base from five and one half to (even inches thick." ' ' Campen offered $1,000 to any one who would show that the base failed to average six inches. "What good is an average?" asked Fred Nesbit. "If it is thin in one place that place will break." ' ' HE SUNDAY BEE: OMAHA. SEPTEMBER 3, 1922. Three Boats Burned Up. Monroe, Mich., Sept. 2. A gaso line propelled cabin cruiser valued at $150,000, two small motor boats and part of the Monroe Yacht club docks were destroyed yesterday by an ex plosion and fire that originated on the cruiser. For a time the yacht club building and other vessels moor ed near by were threatened by the flames. For PYORRHEA A Successful Treatment F Pyorrhea, and ita at tendant conditions, mre quickly andotrmanmnt- ty overcome by using MOORE'S PYORRHEA REM EDY, obtainable at any drug store. Bleeding, tender, ulcerated gums ntnrm-iooaa neu ugntan pu pockets naal tneraraanaor ryorrhaa ara checked coa a clean, naaiuir oonaiuon of toe month anna. Bo Tbonaanda Report Drutnrliti are Inatrncted to refund lu , puretiaaa prtca If reeulta art not aausjactory. usaltaitalitails, MOORE'S UB0R1T0R1EJ, USUI MTT.N0. Gompers Blames Employers' Greed for Strikes; Says Futility of Industrial Boards Demonstrated; Signing of Armistice Signal for Attack on Unions By SAMUEL GOMPERS, President American Federation of Labor. Tale U Ik fin as a aarlaa Ana a. Ilrlaa, ayMMta- tlrlHl.rl, la Tfca IMill mummmr Hm ay inataH Siampara, " ml ml Ike Aauatnua fiaVacMI K 4m mm, mm lae pala mmmm ml tmm lahar aaal urarklaa ike hiIm. Tka .4 a trla UI mmummr Mil MMt , Ihor day thit year marl ht appears to be the iloie of a cycle. We have jone through phare of in dustrial lue. This phase began with the rlote of the war and the signing nf the armistice and culminated in the coal and railroad strikes. Various descriptions have been given to the conditions whirh have existed during this period, these fie criptioni generally varying with point ol view. Tertians tne most general tn use ha been "labor unret. ' Individual a well as publications have taken note of the organised ac tivities of the workers and have spec dialed as to the causes of. what ap parently has been an unusual unrest among the workers, an unusual meas ure of protest and agitation. Only infreauenlly has there been an on Dorttinity to tee behind the visible unrest at the surface and find the raute beneath. When man first saw boiling water it took him some time to discover that the cause ol the team and the bubbles at the sur face was in the heat below. It took him some time to sand out that the boiling was result and not a cause within itself. Restrained by Sentiment The reason for the unrest of the period since the armistice, November II, I'JIS, is not far to see. Reactionary employers, great financial interests and the enemies of labor generally were under an unusual restraint dur ing the war. It was impossible for them to conduct a domestic warfare that would have weakened the mili tary power of the country. They were compelled by fofce of clrcum stances to deal more fairly with the workers than it was their desire to do. They could not accept the re sponsibility for great strikes and lockouts because the country would not have tolerated such conduct. Ac cordingly the workers gained in strength and were able to prevent wartime inflation from utterly le stroying their standards of living. Peace Signal for War. - The signing of the armistice re moved the restraint on employers and they resolved to make the most of what they conceived to be their golden opportunity. Whether the course ol conduct that has been followed since the ar mistice was by common consent or by deliberate prearrangement is of small importance. Ihe fact is that employers have banded together in practically every community and on a national scale for the destruction of the voluntary organizations of the workers. Coincident with the inauguration of what has been known as the "open hop" campaign an absolute mis nomerthere came' what was known as the period of deflation.' Those who stood sponsor tor the so-called open shoo campaign and those who were baek of the movement for finan cial deflation seized upon Mr. Har ms: s cry ot "Back to normalcy ' without delay and accepted it as full Just preceding the Coronado case England employers goaded the there came the decision in the rate workers until remittance was the For Sale by Sherman St McConnell Drug Co. leih and Podia 24th aaa Farnam letk mad Harnay 19th and Famaia 49th and Dodta RED PIMPLES ITCHED BADLY An Over Back of Heal and Neck. Cufa'ccnt Heals. My trmtMa bta bit' r4 pimple ait ovat tha back of my aaad ana ntci. may ncnaa W sn4 bufoaj to bajly thai 19 S I l atchaj until my kal y vaa ort eruption. I bag an a mm i i wou.a pa n -flfutad tot lit. " I llian aanl an4 aol a No Mmrl of Cutuuia tkiay a 4 CHntmcol. h ( an 'f I pwrraa4 moe aa4 mht aawa tab ml aWwf aJ one ot OtM. MMlntUai'' Mm lam CunMaM, KlafStea 4iM, lUuaoU, Mh H, lU. Daly M CutKw . Olntmaal ia4 TakM M x M ym ska. .... a-w .-Maiaa SVaaV hmmKm W. J. Mansfif Id iv pt rti J Art.tta' VItariU, tlUr "raa. IM mmi mmt ' lfyba till fmmmmm , AT Oil aonroval of their oolicv. Xhe campaign of employers in in- ustry had for its object the reduc tion of wages, the establishment of nonunion shop conditions and the de struction of the unions which made possible an effective resistance on the part of the workers. unemployment became acute, reaching its peak during the winter just passed. There are no exact fig ures, but the best calculation seems 4o be that full 4,000,000 workers were thrown into idleness at the point of greatest depression. New Injunction Threat. Not only were there these gigantic forces at work in the industrial field, but forces almost equally as aggravat ing were at work in the politicar and judicial fields. There has been during the past year a growing tendency to resort to the use of injunction in in dustrial disputes for the purpose of commanding workers to do those things which they have a lawful right to refrain from doing and of com manding them to refrain from doing those things which they have a law ful right to do. There has been a persistent effo.t to bring about the establishment of governmental tribunals for the com pulsory settlement of industrial dis putes and for the prevention of strikes. In most attempts of this character the railroad labor board and the Kansas court of industrial rela tions have been accepted as models. .It is true that because of the alert ness of trade unionists everywhere there has been no extension of the industrial court idea, but the efforts of those who favor such institutions have not been relaxed for a moment. It has been sought to establish gov ernment tribunals under one name or another in a number of states and similar efforts have been made to in duce the national congress to estab lish such an institution. Futility of Industrial Boards, It is the prime purpose of such tribunals to matte strike unlawful and to nuke it obligatory fr workers to give service muter conditions im pod by what amounts to judicial dtcuiont. Th inevitable remit ol the tMaMithinent of snih tribunal have been found in Kama emlr the Kant court of intutrat relation and on the railroad under the lad foaj Ulwr htrtl Ntitlwr fn tf theie cbttianding fiimpVi 0 tht industrial court utt tin ttKctedtl in frtttntittg ttrik. On h tMitrary, 14 boll the litter futil.ty ol the whol fcfi enmpltltly dmialiiL In H mini Pi Mh.! tUtiikHit thett k btn mvKki la treats latmH m ih wii U ol th . IK K.n m th mm it t tial j. n,,u4ii tvimt S I n it M wkf ttf Ar iv m Mtu'a'lv S aj.iiat tmp.wtA am fie m the t:i ol tun,: t..m o "'" N !. MM tm 4titm 'null U'.!a) t m Hkt!t. j xt K tmmtx ( t H aty bit j mtfsl ,it ka j s.f !y m ruiiate tu a4 I a ka a if ! aj ( lk.f kt 4 t V l!tl of the child labor law. For the sec ond time the L'nited State supreme court declared, thi mo beneficent and nece.ary legislation linconstitU' tx.nal. L'nder this decision the clul dren of our laud v. ere again left prey to the avarice and street! of employ ers. The reaeniment of our people everywhere wa aroued by tin de cision and it may well be that as a result the supreme court eventually will lose it atumed power to veto the acts of congress. AH of these thing have tended to create suipicion m the minds of the workers and have made it a Batter of life and death for them to defend their principles, their standard of living and their organization. HIM'" Jt a . r Samuel Gompers. What is known as labor unrest to' day is the natural result of a definite set of aggravating causes every one of which is rooted either in greed for money or greed for power. When the armistice was signed, certain em ployers thought they saw the way clear to a re-establishmcnt of com' plcte autocratic control of industry and they set about it with deliberation and with thoroughness to bring about that re-establishment. Campaign of Reaction. Special organizations for the pro motion of what is called the open shop" were created throughout the country. Organizations already in ex istence were linked together and conv nutted to the campaign for industrial autocracy. Chambers of commerce which are not at all industrial or ganizations, but which are powerful business and financial organizations, were asked to go on record and to join the fight. This many of them did under the leadership of the United Mates Chamber of Com merce, although many of them have . 1 . 1 . Tn . 1 , since rcgrciicu ineir 111 auvisca reac tionary declarations. Organizations known as Associated Industries have been formed in most industrial centers and have statewide organizations in many states. An out standing example of these organiza tions is Associated Industries of In dianapolis which has been most mili tant in the fight to destroy the trade unions. Among national organizations which have sought to propagate the autocratic idea in industry particular ly in the last few years, is the na tional industrial conference board, whose chief executive officer, Magnus Alexander, is admirably fitted to guide the destinies of an organization which has autocracy as its goal and democracy as its intended victim. During this frenzy of organization among reactionary employers, the old time "open shop," antiunion or ganizations, such as the National As sociation of Manufacturers and the National Erectors' association, have sought to revive their somewhat de picted membership. As a matter of fact, the National Association of Man ufacturers has .resorted , to typical book-agent methods to secure mem bers, many of whom have no inter est at all in the struggle to destroy labor organizations. Wanton Breach of Agreement. Another important factor in the situation has been the wanton breach of agreement on the. part of great organizations of employ ers. The conduct of certain or ganizations of employers has been ex actly parallel to the conduct ot the I. u. YV., which does not believe in the observance of agreements be- ween employers and workers. There, have been a half dozen not able examples of breach of agreement or contract by great organization of employers within the past 12 months. . Two outstanding cases are those in the coal industry and in the printing industry between the Typographical union and the em ploying printers coneernmit the -hour wet-k. In both ol these ca the employer paid no more heed to their solemn agreement than if thoe agreement had never eiited. j Why Miners Quit. . In the eae of Ihe miners, a sec- tion, m the contract between the em- loyer and the worker provided hat ftMf t the eit'iratton of th contract there should be conference if tha ne aVtiatiun ol a new contract. The off aimed mn owner ianored hit MiUlKil and refined to entrf into negotiation lor the nuking of new attnuni. tbut bavini te mine worker at lh eapiulum ol H pU vntric without any term tl rotMMmeM and a a itttMn, hey t l wntb U S printing bt lvtsiry tl ftntt tr!toYi at '! HI Ml I I t ( t m tmlt y k"y!4 St on a 4 i hour weak bt. h) ma 1 ttn iti4 . thi t'f ia.M titie tt.Me e flitt "''. til l ti d lit at t i"f iai iH! k l lra) .IV ,) tial df I ! lauhaJ, U H, ll. j ty tt h t4 k. Ali ih t.re '! s ft ae Hnj nt " le b..tf i tne 4-1 . ! oniy course consistent with man hood. About a year and a half igo there was a general wage reduction of 22 per rent This the workers accepted. Five months ago another reduction, tin time of 20 per cent. wa proposed and the workers, after failing to secure conferences with the eineioyers, refused to continue at work tinder the proposed reduc tion. 1'heir resistance to this pat ent Injustice has been one of the inspiring and hrartening pages of recent industrial history. The granite cutters and the quarry workers have been in idleness for many months, due lo the determina tion of the employers to reduce wages and to crush the organizations of the workers. Here, too. there has been a magnificent American resistance to injustice. The packing house workers were compelled to resist similar unfair proposals, and in the needle trade it wa necessary to cease work in protest against the determination of employers to re vive the old sweatshop practices of the past. The needle trades have been magnificently victorious in I ltt it a, ft i-trta anI tautij fauill t f thrift IIIVM lllVllli KIIV WIV nil! wm J a victory of thi kind i not a vic tory for the best American standards and traditions? The workers have stood for the humanitarian, the pro gressive, the just, against proposals of reaction and retrogression. These are some of the factors that have brought about industrial unrest, and that have created in terruptions in some of our most im portant industries. Backward-Looking Employers. If employers had been forward looking, if they could have divorced themselves from the erroneous in terpretations of their self-interest, if they could have brought themselves to a true understanding of the pur pose of industry, and that it is es sentially co-operative in nature, there need never have been a single inter ruption of our industrial processes due to a stoppage of work since the signing of the armistice. ihere is no sutticient reaton why our industrial life should not al ways proceed as steadily as it did during the period of the war, when alt forces were concentrated toward a single end. We have had industrial disturb' anccs and an unsettled state of mind because some employers have thought they could restore in in durtry a condition under which they could, without limitation or consultation, dictate the terms and conditions of employment In itself unrest is not a condition to be deplored. A healthy unrest is the main incentive to betterment and progress and a higher civiliza tion. It is the unnecessary causes for unrest unrest which angers and gropes for any outlet that it conducive to unreason, confusion and chaos. It is the duty of think ing men, in the labor movement and out of it, to so direct a healthy un rest as to translate it into action of a natural, rational character to brim? about the best possible con' dition for the benefit not only of the workers, but of all the people for the perpetuation and glory of our republic. The Course to Have Followed. Every necessary readjustment following the abnormal period of the war could have been made by joint negotiation between employers and employes, and many euch read justments have been made. If em ployers had sought to make none out rcasonaDie ana proper reaujusi menfs, and if in every case there had been frank consultation with the workers, our industrial life could have been brought forward to normal condition with scarcely more than a ripple on the surface. The great disturbances have been in those industries where employ ers have sought arbitrarily to im pose unjustifiable terms and condi tions of employment, and where, therefore, it was necessary for the workers to resist. If on the other hand, the workers of the United States had acceded to every demand of employers, and had accepted every proposed wage reduction and every proposed de terioration of working conditions, we might temporarily have had a condition which on the surface would appear to be peaceful if not prosperous but we should have had at the bottom a condition of slav ery, the inevitanie result 01 wnicn n the end would be upheavals ana interruptions more violent ana more costly than anything we care to contemplate. ' The American worker has fixed in bis mind the idea of progress. It is his great determination that there shall be some improvement with each passing day. Tomorrow must be better than today, and the day after tomorrow must be better than tomorrow. The great masses of American worker are fired with an ambition that will not tolerate stagnation, and that wilt not even give thought to retrogression. This is the great bless- ng ol our country. No Peasant Psychology. America has never had a peas antry, and it has never had a pro letariat. It ha never had among it worker the psychology resulting iront a tuftl tatu among Urge ctaise ol people. Naturally, those who think m term of money and profit have n understanding of what thi meant. They do not understand that American workers do not meekly acept autocracy ol any kind. They will aol be driven I Only those who know working people can understand. This initiative, this ambition, this lark of the psychology of the peas antry and the proletariat is prized above all by those managers ot in dustry who are progressive, whose ideal are democratic and whose pur pose in industry, is primarily a pur pose to serve, knowing full well that service must bring its rewards in pmhts. t It ha been said by some employ' ers and by some of the spokesmen ol employers that labor unions ex it for the purpose of inaugurating strikes, and that labor leaders like to have strikes because they would lose their jobs if there were no strikes. I suppose these statements are actually believed by a few per sons and perhaps they are sincerely uttered Ty a lew. Nothing could ht further from the truth. The chief sufferers in times of strikes are the workers themselves. When they are without work they are inevitably without wages. No workers ever go on strike because they do not like wages, and neither do any workers ever go on strike for the purpose of drawing a strike benefit that occasionally amounts to as much as $1 a day, and that seldom 1 paid during the entire period of tne strike. Why Workers Strike. Organizations of workers resort to the strike only as a last resort and only where the issues and principles at stake are most serious in charac tcr. When workers go on strike it is because they feel that it is absolute ly impossible to accept terms of em ployment offered them. bo far as the leaders of labor are concerned, and by that term is meant the officers of the uninos, they have no more desire for strikes than has the rank and file of the membership. The responsibility for the conduct of a great strike is one which no sane man would accept unless conditions made that strike absolutely necessary. There is sufficient constructive, work in the betterment of industrial rela tions, in the development of produc tion policies and in the improvement of production itself to occupy all the energies of trade union officials for a great many decades to come. And it is to those things that the lead ers of our labor movement prefer to give their attention. Aim of Trade Union. The trade union movement seeks the highest possible development of our industrial life. It seeks the full est possible development of our na tional productive capacity. It under stands thoroughly that our national average of wcllbeing is dependent upon the productiveness of our indus trial and agricultural life. What it is necessary to understand is that the highest aggregate productiveness is dependent upon the full release of good will and initiative by removal of repression and arbitrary control in industry. This is the function of man agement, with the co-operation of the workers in their organized ca pacity. The chief obstacle is found in financial forces which control in dustry from the primary point of view of speculation and dividends. ' Labor and the leaders of labor are striving for the making of better men and women, for the develop ment of opportunity and for free dom, lhey are striving to the end that the children shall have oppor tunity to live and to grow amid proper surroundings, and that they may have education; that they may have the school and the play ground and the home, instead ot the factory and the sweatshop and novel. It is labors mission to make their burden lighter than the burdens that have Tested upon the children of the past and of our own time. The labor movement and its lead ers are striving for a better time, lor a brighter day. lhey have be fore them the goal for which hu manity through the ages has striven and yearned and sacrificed to achieve. And it is not too much to say that the much maligned and misunderstood trade union move ment has brought the day nearer. It puts its strength agauist those force which look backward and ADVEBTIREMENT. Hay Fever CONQUtRtO Ot NO PAVt U ana't aaa aa aa h) c3?l btl St tMaWt WMfc M simi mmmmmas ttrLi"Z aSjrv'S tab mm ! Ma mm vt a aa M mmt Mi J tlilil M i 1 m W aNMa a - W -wa ib ma 4 1 4i at. aMlaKwa Regain the Vila! Force of Youth 4 fama Mmwtm Trmmtmmmi, May Mvmlt mmlm Ihmm dlmmS Traaiiawta mr Bark mmm) Amimml Ittrmmtm. Nitura'a creates sift to mankind ta Korax Compound, for tha rejuvenation of flaaaina vital fore. If you ainlra to re. tor ad vital narvoua tnrr to tha florioua vlaor of tha dajra of youth, try Korax In th privacy of your own home, (iratlfrinir raaulta aro known, uiually In a faw dava. Kara Compound (in tablat forml la tha raault of many roar of aciantifi ra arch. It eontalna no harmful drua or opiatea. It ait a naturally ta rebuild tha vital fnraa In man or woman, ta raviv tha powar of youthful vlfor and atamlna. Morn wldaty acaUimtd than Gland Treat ment or bark and animal eatraata. It baa n powerful aatlon in atransthanlnc and renewing nerve tiaauea, and to ever eome the handicap of phraieal weakneaa. reaultlni from breaking nalure'e law. Korea la dlatribated aad guaranteed enty h the Melton Iaoraleriea, Kept. Ill, MaaaarbUMtla Hl.la . Kantaa City. Mo. A full treatment of Ihla wonder iaviaorater aeat prepaid for only I J Or, If men aoa anient, ee4 no money s pay tb peet man It aad law eeata p.Ua when It areivee. Tb haoratarte fuaraate to return peue money promptly If reealia are al entirely aatiafaclory. Cut or leee ptt lata ad now, aad sea Th Big Cut Price DRUG AND TOILET GOODS SALE Continues Monday at the Sharraia & McConstU which seek to turn humanity aay from betterment snd progreas and freedom and democracy. It to op erates always with all v. ha love justice and freedom, and it prefers to tabor in helpful co-operation, though it unhetiietingly opwscs those who stand across the road to a better future. Labor looks hopefully to the time when tie further elimination of lifeed. the further subordination of the purely speculative and profit making impuU and the lurther ex tension ol the democratic ideal may make possible the lull release of the energy, initiative and imagination of our workers and also of those upon whom devolve th tak of manage ment; for we know that we ap proach that time our productiveness it certain to lneae, offering a more jut reward a4 a lroadr, fuller and better life for tb mast'i of our people h ' 'n gaged in the useful and productive work of farm. woiUHops, railroad factory, mine and oil'". lrul. Mil. d: Store Closed Monday a Half Day (Labor Day). z57 m A mm fife 1 WC av mzzu mmmmmtmmmmmmJ rVTP v-r; Do.i Greater Than a Sale n 11 o That Was Brought About by One Thing "Spot Cash" Big Manufacturers Who Needed Money Badly Accepted Our Offer Tuesday! Dy" Manufacturers' Surplus Stock Sale Starts Tremendous Purchases Aggregating Several1 Hundred Thousand Dollars Go on Sale At One-Third and One-Half Regular Price We Expect Thousands to At tend We're Prepared A Sale of Such Magnitude Will Be of Interest to Every Man, Woman and Child in Omaha Watch Monday's Papers For More Complete Details iVanted 100 Extra Sales People Apply to Supt. oVtliitiu t term V 1 I I w !'! el t( a