RED OLOUD, NEBRASKA, CHIEF
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'THEY SAID I HAD T. B. AND
WOULD NOT LIVE THREE MONTHS"
'4
Mr. Harold W. Bchmtdt, Box 08,
Brccso, Clinton Co., 111., believes
he lint reason to pralso Dr. Ilnrt
man'i Kcmedy for Catarrhal con
dftiona. '
"lOtfd PC-TO-M
ftiM Month! for Chronto
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able to work Tardr. in Win, 191s, I con
tracted Krren cokl wlUi
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ttr thrto montlu. After Uklncn eonrU hot-
tu of fe-ru-M tad n bos ot Un--tln Tnblcu.
oottM walk aroaod and In Mten montht Wf nt back to work. -Mr
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I bad tea raan, titandiiHt down into Um bronchial toboiT
"i-a-ro-u van mj Ufa nam."
A HALF CENTURY IN USE
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'OHN DICKINSON SHERMAN.
IE Colorndn river Is one of the great
rivers of the United States. A Joint
resolution of congress proposes a
"Gt eater Colorntlo." This Ik to he
done by adding -12.'! miles of stream.
This nddltlon Is to he ncoonipllslied
hy changing to Colorado the inline
of the Grand river from Its source
nt'ur Itoeky Mouutnln Nntlonnl park
In northern Colorado to Hk Junction
with the Green river In southeastern Utnh. The
Grand nnil Green rivers together make the Colo
rado river.
Hie Grnnd Is 423 miles long from Its source to
Its Junction with the Green. Eighty miles of this
stream's length la In Utnh. The Green rises Just
aouth of YellowBtono Nntlonnl pnrk In northwest
ern Wyoming and Is 700 miles 'long to Its Junction
with the Grnnd. The Colomdo, from Utnh to the
Gulf of California, Is 1,000 miles long.
Though the Green Is nenrly twice ns long ns
the Grund, the Grand cnrrles the greater volume
of water. Moreover, the Green runs 115 miles
through the northwestern comer of Colorado and
receives much of Ita volume from Colorado. It Is,
therefore, contended by Colorado that the Grand
ts the renl upper Colorado and that the Green Is
a tributary.
It Is the people of Colorado who are behind the
Joint resolution for the chnngc of nnme. With
them It appears to be n matter of deep sentiment.
Representative E. T. Taylor of Colorado, speaking
to the Joint resolution, said:
"Mr. Speaker, for the pnst 8.r yenrs my home
has been nnd Is now In the beautiful little city
of Glcmvood Springs. Colo., on the banks of what
has heretofore been called the Grund river, the
principal tributary and, In fact, the main stream
of the Colorndo river, nnd during all those years
I have always hoped and believed that sometime
the state pride of the sons and daughter of our
beloved commonwealth would bring about the
change of the name of that stream to Its rightful
nnme, ns the source and principal part of that
wonderful river, and permit our citizens to fondly
nnd proudly welcome the greatest river in our
tate as our great state's stream tinder the nnme
that Is dearest to every CoJoradan heart. And
with the passage of this resolution thnt hope of
many yenrs, not only of my own, but thousands o'
other Colorndans, will be consummated."
At Its hHt session the Colorado legislature
pnsscd n bill ofllclnlly changing the name of the
Grand from Grand to Colorado, within the state
boundaries. A bill was Introduced In the Utah
legislature nt the last session to change the name
of the Grand from Grnnd to Colorado within the
boundaries of Utnh. The Utnh legislature d'd not
act on the bill and will not meet again for two
years.
In the meantime, inasmuch ns the Colorado
Is an Interstate and International stream nnd Is
classed as navigable, It has bceji decided that the
change In name should bo brought about by net
ofcongresH rather thun by action of the stntes.
Moreover, the Colorado bulks large In the public
eye just now ns n nntlonnl river of tremendous
Importance. Already water power and Irrigation
projects of great Importance the Imperial valley
In California, for example mark the course of
the river. Projects under discussion are appar
ently of still grcnter Importance the proposed
Moulder dam across the Colorado Just below the
Grand canyon, for Instance. This project mny bo
undertaken by the federal government. It would
be the most spectncular work of Its kind In the
world nnd would cost anywhere between forty and
scvcnty-tlvo millions.
Tho Colorado Is a mighty river beyond doubt.
Many rivers unite to form It. Tho principal
branches of the Green nro the Ulntn, Price. Ynm
pn and White; of the Grnnd, tho Eagle, Roaring
Fork, Gunnison and-Dolores; of tho Colorndo, tho
Fremont, Escnlnnte, Parla, Kannb and Virgin on
the right nnd the Snn Junn. Llttlo Colorndo. Kill
Williams and Glln on the left. Tho Grand canyon
Ih on the main river In Arlzonn and extends from
the mouth of the Llttlo Colorndo to the Grnnd
Wash. Tho Grand Canyon National park encloses
217 miles of the river, which In places Is 0,000
feet below the rim of the canyon. Tho lower
Colorado runt, through a low desert country. At
Yuma, on the Mexican line, ts nn Immense Irriga
tion project which consists of n diversion dam
nearly n mile long, 400 miles of cjannls nnd 70
miles of dikes and cost about $5,000,000. The
water Is carried to Arizona lands by n thousand
foot tunnel, which passes under the river.
Helow Yumn the river, when In flood, inundates
large areas lying below sen level. In 1005 the
floods enlarged tho 50-foot Intake of the Imperial
valley (California) Irrigation cnnnl In Mexican,
territory to 2,000 feet. It poured nil Its waters
through this break and Its rcgulnr channel to the
Gulf of California went dry. This break was not
successfully closed until 100007. Floods again
threatened to drown out the Imperial valley and
In 1009-10 a congressional appropriation of $1,000,
000 was applied to the construction of levees nnd
dikes. Tho wntera of tho Colorado hero run In
a huge aquedtrct, which thq river hns built up for
Itse! from silt. This nnucduct cut the port to
the north off from the Gulf of California. Evapo
ration has left only tho Salton scu, which is suit
and below sea level.
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An Intel estlug featuie of the discussion of the
Joint resolution was the bringing out of the his
tory of the Colorado river and the eurly American
Southwest In concise nnd accurate form. This
was set forth In n report furnished by George
Otis Smith, director of the geological survey on
the history of the naming of the Colorndo, Grand
and Green rivers and of the state of Colorado.
This report explains how the Colorado came to
bear no less than nine nnmes between ir40 nnd
1770. It also sets forth how the Green river came
to be known ns tho "Ghost river" to geographers.
Among the facts brought out nre these;
It wns the Coronado expedition of 1510-42, sent
out by Viceroy Mendoza, that first explored the
pueblo country of New Mexico and Arizona and
the Great Plains ns far northeast us central Kan
sas and discovered the Colorado river nnd the
Grand canyon. Alarcon discovered the Colorado
at its mouth and gave It tho name of Itlo de
Huenn Oula (good guide) because that was Men
dozn's "device." Diaz, traveling nlong the river,
saw the Indians carrying burning brands with
which to warm themselves; so he named It Itlo
del Tlzon (llrehrnnd). Cardenas discovered the
Colorado at tho Grand ennyon, but for some rea
son refrained from naming It, probably Itecauso
soon afterward It was identified with the Itlo del
Tlzon. So the Coronado expedition gave the Colo
mdo Its two llrst names.
The Coronado expedition was disappointing nnd
It was not until 15S1 that an expedition under
Itodrlguoz revisited the region. This revived In
terest In the conquering and settling ol New
Mexico.
The contract for the conquest nnd settlement
was finally awarded in 1505 to .limn de Onnte.
who was made governor, adelnntndo and captain
general of the Uiwvlnce of New Mexico. In 1508,
Onate reached the Santa Fe region with an army
and n colony of 400 men, of whom 130 hud their
families. Onate ruled New Mexico until 1C05.
Ity 1G05 lie nnd his subordinates had rccxplorcd
practically all the ground covered by Coronado
and opened new trails. In 1C04 ho made a jour
ney from Snn Gabriel, his headquarters near Santa
Fe. to the bend of the Gulf of California. He
went by way of Zunl, Moqul and Williams river
to the Colorado and down the enst bank of that
river to the gulf. Crossing tho Colorado Chlqulto,
or llttlo Colorado "10 leagues" southwest of Moqul,
ho named It "Itlo Colorado because tho
water Is nearly red." Ho It noted that the name
"Colorado" Is hero given for the first lime, not to
tho Colorado river but to one of Its branches, the
Little Colorado. To the Colorado Itself, Onato
gave the name "Itlo Grande de lluemi Espernnza"
(good hope).
At some Indefinite ttmo during the next hundred
years tho name Colorado was transferred from
the Little Colorado to the main river, and before
the end of the century had been pretty wWI estab
lished. Father Kino, the great Plmnn apostle,
10S.1-1711, uses the name, freely, ns ho does the
alternative name Itlo del Norte; and he even be
stows upon It n new nnme, Rio de los Apostoles,
A revolt of tho Pueblo Indians In 1080 resulted
In the entire evacuation of Now Mexico by the
Spaniards until Its rcconquest by Vergns In 1092
04, when most of the mlsstons wero reestablished
also. San Diego, tho first of tho California mis
sions, was estnlJIshed In 1709; and In the next
80 yenrs 17 others had been established, dotting
the coast from Snn Diego to Snn Francisco bay.
Father Sllvestro Velez de Escalante, then sta
tioned nt the Zunl mission, spent eight days at
Moqul In June, 1770, trying to discover whether
there was an Indian trull across the Grnnd canyon.
Ho failed to extract any Information from the
Indians and concluded that tho canyon was Im
passable. In a letter on the subject written to
Fnthor Gnrces August 18, 1775, ho culled the river
or the ennyon Rio Grnndo do los Cosuluos. Tho
Cosulnn (Huvusupul) Indians were settled on
Cataract creek. The next year, 1770, Careen him
self traveled from Mohave to Moqul, and went
Into the Grand ennyon nt the bend below the Lit
tle Colorado on June 20. He named the canyon
Puerto de Hucarelt (Rucarell's pass) In honor of
the then viceroy.
Grand river, both nbove nnd below Its Junction
with Gunnison river, wns named H!o San Rufacl
by Fathers Domjnlguez nnd Escalante In 1770. To
the south branch, the present Gunnison river, they
gave the name Itlo San Jnvler (Xavler) and re
Iorted the Ute Indian name as Tomlchl. In thin
area Pike's maps, 180507, like other early maps,
are dllllcult to Interpret. Ills "Rio do los Animas"
(las Animas) Is much more like Grund river than
his "Rio San Rafael." In 184.'! Fremont lettered
It Grand river, as did Captain Stansbury in 1840.
Rut for long years the maps showed grent di
versity of nomenclature. Ilelow Its Junction with
the Gunnison, this river was usually called Grand
river, rarely Rio Colorado or Grand nnd even
Colorado. Above the Junction It was called Grand,
Rtinknrn, Hlue nnd North Fork of Grand river. Gun
nison river was named variously Eagle, Eagle Tall,
South Fork of Grand, Grande nnd Grand river.
In after yenrs Captain Gunnison's name became
gradually tlxcd on the branch which he explored,
and the name Grand on the north or main branch,
while the name Hlue river now describes a small
south branch of the latter In Summit county,
Colorado.
Green river wns called Rio de San Ilttonn Ven
tura by Domlnlguez nnd Escalante In 1770, and
Escalante mys (Dlnrlo, Sept. 17, 1770), that it
wns so named In 170U by Fr. Alnuso de Posada.
Thinking that It flowed to the west, the map mak
ers represented It us crossing the Great basin and
flowing Into the Pacific ocean. Thus It wns tliht
the River Huenaventurn became the famous "ghost
river," which for years haunted the maps of tho fnr
West. Pike. 1805 07, mapped It with headwaters
In the position of upper Green river, having nn
aflluent,- Rln de Snn Clcmente (Escalante's name
for White river, nn enst branch of the Green riv
er;, nnd flowing southwest Into Sevier lake (name
less). Hefore 1811, however, upper Green rlcr
was known to be connected with the Colorado.
The Astorlans called It both Spanish river and
Colorado river. It was called Rio Colorndo bv
Jededlah S. Smith In 1824 and Rln Colorndo of
the West by Wllllnm H. Ashley In 1825. Uonn
vUIe, 18117, loitered It Colorndo of the West on his
map of the territory west of the Rocky Mountains.
The name Green river dates nt least ns far
bnck as 1824. Dale refers to a news Item In the
Missouri Intelligencer, June 25, 1825, of n party
leaving Snntn Cni7. In November, 1824, to trap on
"Green river." Fremont says that the Spaniards,
contrasting "Its timbered shores nnd green wooded
Islands with its dry sandy plains," named It It'c
Verde (Green river) ; Rancroft speaks of nn em
ployee of Ashley's, "Mr. Green who gnve his name
to Gfcen river"; nnd Chittenden advances the
theory that tho name may have been suggested
by the color of the wnter.
Tho act of congress providing for the organiza
tion of tho territory of Colorado was approved
Februnry 28, 1801. As Introduced nnd ns passed
by tho house, the bill named the propoed new
organization the territory of Idaho "Idaho" hav
ing been selected from many names proposed. In
tho senate, on motion of Senntor. Wilson of Mas
sachusetts, the name of the territory was nmcndw
by striking out "Idaho" and Inserting "Colorndo,"
This wns done nt the suggestion of Delegnte Wil
liams, for the reason thnt the Colorado river arose
In Its mountains, hence there was n peculiar fit
ness In the nnme. Rancroft, however, says that
"The name Colomdo was given to It at tho suit
gestlon of the man (Wlll'nm Gilpin) selected for
Ita llrst governor"; nnd he quotes from a manu
script of Gilpin's as follows: "Some wnnted It
called Jefferson, some Arcndla. I said the people
huvo to a great extent nnmed tho stntes after the
grent rivers of the country, and the great feature
of thnt country Is tho great Colorado river. 'Ah.'
said he (Wilson of Mossuchusetta), that Is It';
and he named It Colorado."
v4!Hai ltflwfti Hw.
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mm LULLI .rrToLiH AM
aLJl II " u 111 a. iV IJfl
i
Your
New
Home
should be made
artistic, sanitary
and livable.
These walls should be Alabastined in the latest,
up-to-the-minute nature color tints. Each room should
reflect your own individuality and the treatment
throughout be a complete perfect harmony in colors.
The walls of the old home, whether mamion or cottage, can be
made just as attractive, just as sanitary, through tho intelligent use of
AIalasiiiic
Instead of kalsomine or wallpaper
It is absolutely necessary if you expect Alabastine results that
you ask for and secure Alabaitlni.
Avoid kalsomines under various names and insist on the package
with the cross and circle printed in red. That is the only way to be
suc you are Betting the genuine Alabastine.
Abbastine is easy to mix and apply, lasting in its results, and
absolutely sanitary.
Alabaitine it a dry powder, put up In five-pound packagei, white and beau
tiful tinti, ready to mix and ute by the addition of cold water, and nith full direc
tion! on each packaee. Evtry tad eft of etnuim
At I ... ... 1 .1 1 . I t .
Aiaoamni naa croii ana circle prinicu in rca.
mix in ombTT
i m1nuti with i
IcoiowathI
ilgnt and tpecial (uggeitiont . Give ut your decor
ative problemi and itt
Better write ui for hand-made color de-
nrettiont. Give ut your decor-
itt ut help you work them out.
Alabastine Company
leu CrandvUla Ave Crand Rapldi. Mich.
iTHIOHlVTOOi
WlDCDT0AffUr
TAKES UMBRELLA TO MASTER I CARE COULD NOT SAVE TREE
Clever Dog That Keeps a New York
Commuter Dry When He Gets
Caught In Rain.
"I'll show you a regular doj;," said
Gardiner to lily friend Johnson, whom
lie had Invited to dinner nt hit) home
In Lour inland, according to tho New
York Siln. Thoy had alighted from
tho train and It was raining. Gardi
ner guzi'd up and down the street
nnxloufily.
"What are you looking for?" asked
Johnson.
"There I" exclaimed Gardiner, Ignor
Ing his friend's question nnd point
ing down tho street. "There's a reg
ular dog."
A Helglan police dog came running
toward the Btntlon with an umbrella
In its mouth. The dog stopped In front
of Gardiner.
"That's my dog," Bald Gnrdlncr. "On
rnlny days my wife gives him an um
brella nnd he brings It down to tho
station so I don't have to walk home
In tho wet."
ft takes a hot fire to pnrlfy gold.
Gigantic Banyan In the Botanic Garden
at Calcutta It Reported to
Be Dying.
Nn tree In tho world hns had grcnter
care bestowed upon It than the great
banyan treu In the Botanic garden at
Calcutta, which Is reported to be dy
ing, snya the "Way of the World" cola
umnlHt of the London Morning Post
Every tender succulent young root,
ns It begins to fall like a stalactite
from the branch overhead, Is encase
nnd protected from harm In n bamboo.
It Is not Improbable that the original
trunks will vanish altogether nnd leavi
the t 111 expanding outer growthH as
ring f vegetation round nn empty clw
cle. The mother trunk Is nn nlmo
shapeless mass by this tlmo nnd con
tributes very little to the sustennn
of the multitudinous progeny. This)
Calcutta specimen Is supposed to hav
fifteen nerlul roots, a number frons
which, It Is probable, that n cipher baa
been accidentally omitted.
I
Hurry with your feet, but wall not
to look where you nre going.
Whose fault is it when your
husband is cross at
breakfast?
If you hit your thumb
with a hammer you
wouldn't blame your
thumb for hurting.
Then why blame your
husband whose nerves
may have been pounded
by coffee, and whose rest
probably has been broken
by the irritation of tha
caffeine it contains?
If you stay awake half
tho night you don't feel
any toa cheerful
The caffeine of coffee
suid the thein of tea are
known drugs. If their use
is persisted in, sooner or
later the nervous system;
may give way.
Then you may have
insomnia, or disturbed
sleep. Your nerves and
tissues will be robbed of
that stability essential for
normal and happy living.
You can avoid this
possibility if you'll stop
drinking tea and coffee and
drink instead, rich, pleas
ing Postum. 4
Postum is the deli
cious cereal beverage with
a coffee-like flavor. It
affords the advantages of
a hot drink, without ths
ill effects of tea or coffee.
Order Postum from
your grocer today. Try
it with the family for a few
days, and see what a dif
ference 'there'll be how
it will permit Nature to
bring sound sleep and
strong, sturdy, quiet
nerves. Sold by grocers.
Postum comes in two
forms: Instant Postum (In Una)
mad instantly in the cup by
the- addition of boiling waUr.
Postum Cereal (in packages of
larger bulk, for those who pre
fer to make tho drink whllo tba
meal Is being prepared) mads
by boiling for 20 mlnutM.
w
)
Ml
