RED CLOUD. NEBRASKA, OmEP
A
.
New Guinea Woman and Baby.
(Prepared by thi Nallnnil Oeonraplilc So
ciety, Washington, I). C )
Perhaps It Is logical enough that
less should bo known about the largest
heavily Inhabited Inland In the world
Now Guinea than about the .smaller
und more easily traversed lands of
"the sua, especially since It lies, like
the neighboring continent of Australia,
near the nntlpodes of the western
world, far from the beaten track.
This Island has come Into notice re
cently through the action of the
League of Nations In giving to Aus
tralia the mandate for Its northeastern
quarter, formerly a colonial nos-csslon
of Germany. It Is probable, too, that
It iiih.v be one of the subjects of dis
cussion when the problems of the Pa
cille are taken up In Washington.
Kxcept for a fringe of a few widely
fceparnted settlements and mission sta
tions along the coasts, New Guinea (or
Papua, to give It Its native name) Is
a pnrndlse of savagery. Probably In
no other area of equal extent In the
world has civilisation made so light
an Imprint. In the Interior of the
groat Island heads are hunted as In
smaller regions elsewhere, cannibal
feasts are held, savago dialects are
epoken Innocent of any modification
by civilized language, primitive weap
ons nre used, nnd there Is practically
no contact with and no knowledge of
the outside world.
Origin of Papuans Unknown.
The origin of the "oriental negroes"
of Papua Is nn unsolved problem to
ethnologists. On most of the Islands
to the east and north and toward
Asia, fitralght-halred. relatively fair
Malays are found. Hut I be Papuans
nre black, woolly-haired negroes like
the natives of the far-nway Guinea
coast of western Africa. It was this
resemblance between the Inhabitants
of Papua ami Guinea that gave tho
Island Its more common name among
westerners. Though the Papuan race
Is distinct, nnd though large numbers
of the pure stock exist on the Island,
the negro strain has also been mixed
with Malayan blood, resulting In nu
merous racial gradations.
The nntlves of the southeastern
part of the Island may be said to
baric baqk to the days of their
nrhoreal, pre-human ancestors, for
they live In rude leaf and straw
thatched hovels which they construct
In trees. Though this custom of tree
dwelling Is not followed to any great
extent In other portions of New
Gulnen, tho natives of the Island all
seem determined to live well off tho
ground. Tho favorite habitations
throughout n 'large part of the country
nre constructed on high piles. On the
protected ground beneath these struc
tures the culinary operations are usu
ally carried on, Many of tho build-.
Ings nre long, narrow communal af
fairs, housing n score or more of na
tives. In many cases these habita
tions are merely dark tunnels, but In
others they aro divided Into compart
ments. ClothliiR bothers the Papuans
but little, hut they give much atten
tion to painting nnd tutoolng their
tocdles, nnd to bedecking themselves
With neck, noso and ear ornaments.
Odd Native Customs.
There Is very little furniture In
Papuan dwellings to be Hhlfted nbout
by tho "lady of the house" on cleaning
day. Important among the few inov
nblcs nre hnrd narrow wooden blocks,
uconped out to tit the neck "pillows"
which would fcardly appeal to western
ers aB suhstlfutes for their soft down
illled cushions.
Some of the tribes near the coast
have n pnsslon for bathing, so great
that they Impute u love of the water
to the spirits of their dopartcd tribes
men. To facilitate "spirit bathing,"
fiurvlvlng relatives and friends euro
fully construct nnd keep open paths
leading from each gravo to tho sea.
When they nre not dining on choice
cuts from somo enemy trluesmun,
Pnpunns ent In the main a prosulc
enough diet of bananas, yams, sago,
brcndfrult and tho meats of various,
animals and fish. But as choice tid
bits, some of the tribes cat certain
insects and the meat of the world's
largest clam. The shells of these hugo
blwilves often weigh oOO pounds, und
the meat alone -0 pounds.
ltellglously, New Guinea Is a mix
ture, just as It Is politically. Moham
medanism has a slight foothold on
the west coast, due to the contact of
the tribes there with the Mohammed
ans of the Islands extending off to
ward Asia. Christian missions are
located at Intervals along the coast
all around the Island, but the number
of natives so far Christianized Is
small. On some of the tiny Islands
lying In the strait between New
Guinea and Australia entire commu
nities of Christians are to be found.
Throughout most of the huge island,
however, paganism Is rampant, the na
tives propitiating supposed evil spirits
and tho forces of nature.
Because New Guinea Is so far from
countries with whose size we are fa
miliar, we are likely to consider Its ex
tent rather vague. If the Island could
be laid down along our Atlantic coast
we would soon appreciate Its vastnecs.
It Is approximately 1,500 miles long,
and would reach from the southern
tip of Florida to the northernmost
point on the coast of Maine Its -100
miles of width would cover two-thirds
the distance of Bermuda The area of
the Island Is close to UOO.OOO square
miles, and It is supposed to have
about 1.0O0.000 Inhabitants.
History of the Island.
New Guinea was discovered more
than linlf a century before Australia
wns first sighted; hut while the latter
has come to have a population of
5,000,000 white people, and Is tho seut
of an Important, modern Christian gov
ernment, the former Is still almost
the undisputed domain of savagery.
The Dutch laid the first claim to ter
ritory In the Island, but confined their
operations to the western end. In
18SI the British established a protec
torate over the southwestern portion
of the country, nnd the Germans an
nexed the northeastern part the same
year. The three countries agreed on
boundaries In 1885, but their partition
of the land was almost wholly tin ac
tion on paper, for there had been little
exploration of tho Interior. Kach coun
try In the years since has established
a few trading and mission posts and
plantations In the coast country and
has set up the skeleton of a govern
ment, whose functioning, however, has
had little effect In the Interior.
The British portion of Papua has
had the status of a territory of the
federal government of Australia since
1000, and the recent action of the
League of Nations In placing tho for
mer German New Gulnen In Australian
hands under mandate gives that com
monwealth control of a little over half
of the Island'! total area.
Strange Animal Life.
The animal life of tho world's big
gest t oplcnl Island, like that of neigh
boring AiiHtralla, Is strange and
bizarre In western eyes. In ancient
geologic ages Papua and Australia
were connected. Apparently for mil
lions of years they -have been sepa
rated entirely from tho rest- of the
world, so that their animal types are
a survival from the remote past. With
the exception of the pig, which proba
bly was brought from Asia relatively
recently, all of the mammuls of Now
Guinea nre either marsupials which
carry their young In pockets, like the
opossum and the kangaroo, or are
beasts that lay cggB llko birds.
What Now Guinea lacks In beasts
of the field It makes up In birds of
the nir. As the home of hundreds of
species of feathered creatures, It Is
moro favored than many other por
tions of the earth's surface. Its denso
tropical forests aro nllve, with them
birds of almost every conceivable size
and shape and of a bewildering com
bination of colors. Most striking of
the many birds that count New Guinea
their homo Is the gorgeously col
ored nnd beautifully formed blrd-of.
paradise. Most Interesting Is the ro
mantic and Ingenious bower-bird,
which builds a "pleasuro dome" solely
us a place for Us love-making.
GET SILO READY
EFORE FILLING
Paint Interior at Least Once in
Three Years and See That
Roof Is Water-Tight.
DOORS SHOULD FiT TIGHTLY
Hoops of Stave Structures Should De
Tightened and Any Defective Pieces
of Wood Replaced Air Will.
Spoil Silage.
(ProiiuriMt by tl-e PtiluM Slatei Depart
ment of At;i icMilture )
With the approach of the time for
lllllng the .silo, experts In the United
States Department of Agriculture call
attention to the desirability of put
ting slls In xuupc and making plans
for lllllng which will save valuable
time In the rush of work. Kilos are a
comparatively new feature of farm
management, and In many cases have
been built less .substantially than some
of the older forms of farm structures.
Silos Need Occasional Attention.
Kveii the best constructed silo will
need some attention occasionally. Con
crete silos, which arc among the most
expensive of construction, require the
least attention as a general rule, but
they will give better service if the In
side Is given a coat of special palni
about once In three years. Paint for
treating the Interiors of silos Is easily
made of raw coal tar mixed with gaso
line and applied with a tar brush. The
roof should be inspected to see If It Is
water-tight, and the doors may well be
looked over. They need to lit tight.
Wooden hIIiw, either stave or board
construction, requite additional atten
tion. The hoops of stave silos should
tie tightened anil any defective pieces
of wooil replaced. In wood silos, par
fleuhirly the cheaper ones and those
of home make, there Is always the like
lihood of Inlets for air, which will spoil
the silage.
Careful attention should be paid to
seeing that (lie machinery to lie used
In harvesting and muring the silage Is
In working condition. Corn harvesters
and sllo-lllllng machinery are frequent
ly owned In partnership by several
farmers, and of course arrangements
need to be made In advance to seu that
t.ll the owners gel their corn In at the
reason when It Is in best shape. In
using the corn harvester the bundles
should be made rather small. While
this takes more ttone, the extra expense
Is more than offset by the ease In han
dling the bundles and feeding them
Into the silage cutter.
The corn ordinarily Is hauled to the
cutter on common, Hat hay racks. The
low-wheeled wagon Is much prefer
able to the high one. An undersluug
rack can be constructed with compara
tive ease and will save much labor.
If the silage cutter and lilting ma
chinery have not been selected, every
effort should le made to get machinery
which has sutllciont or excess capacity.
m -f -or"
A Low-Down Flat Wagon Saves Labor
In Handling Corn When Filling Silo.
The mistake Is often made of getting
an outfit that Is too small, thus mak
ing the operation of filling the silo very
slow and Interfering with the continu
ous employment of the entire force of
men. A nmnber of satisfactory silage
cutters nre on the market. The chief
features to be considered In a cutter
are that It Is strongly made and will
cut fine.
Harvest Corn Before Fully Ripe.
Ordinarily corn should be harvested
for the silo about a week or ten dnys
before It would be cut for shocking;
that Is, when about DO per cent of the
kernels nre dented nnd at least 7fi per
pent of tho kernels aro hnrdened so
that no milk can be squeezed out. At
this time the lower leaves on the stalk
are turning yellow and the green corn
fodder contains 0." or 70 per cent of
moisture, which Is suflkient for silage.
Silage made from corn containing viols
turo enough for proper preservation Is
moro palatable than that made from
corn so mnturo as to require the addi
tion of water.
CARING FOR ASPARAGUS BED
Good Plan to Clean It Off and Apply
a Coating of Manure to Pre-
vent Freezing,
If the asparagus bod has been
denned off It will bo In better shapo
In the spring If a good coating of ma
nure Is put on, This will keep tho
bed from freezing nnd thawing and
will work In the fertilizer and get the
soil in better shape Tor tho plants In
?rlug.
POTATO PRODUCTION
IN SOUTHERN STATES
Crop Commands Better Price
Than in the North.
Owing to Wide Divergence of Season
al Conditions, Coupled With Long
Growing Season, Tubers Can
Be Planted Any Time.
(Prepared by tho t'nltrd States Depart
ni'Mit of AkMcuUuip )
J'lie Importance of the potato crop
in the South Is due to Its maiket
alue rather than Its magnitude, for
owing to the season In which It In
lumc-stcd It commands a better price,
usually, than the late crop In the
North. The wide divergence of sea
sonal conditions In the Smith, coupled
with a long-growing season, makes It
possible to plant and harvest potatoes
in some locality la practically every
month In the .cnr.
Owing to varying climatic condi
tions, due to both latitude and alti
tude, there are three distinct potato
crop seasons In the Southern states.
Thc-e are the early or truck crop, tho
late or main crop, and the fail crop,
Grading Potatoes In Southern Field.
which last mny be divided Into a sec
ond crop and a fall crop proper. The
early or truck crop Is confined largely
to well-defined production centers. Be
cause practically all the early crop
Is marketed directly from tho Held
when It Is In more or less Immature
condition, the question of packages
and of shipping facilities Is Important.
This subject, and others of Interest
and value to southern potato growers,
are discussed In Fanners' Bulletin
UK)!?, entitled Potato Production In
the South, Just Issued by the United
States Department of Agriculture.
This bulletin may be obtained free
upon application to the Division of
Publications.
DURABILITY OF FENCE POSTS
Not Much Difference Between Split
and Round If'Heartwood and
Sapwood Equal.
Some people believe split fence posts
last longer than do round ones. Prob
ably as large a number hold the oppo
site vew. The forest products labora
tory of the United States Department
of Agriculture says that one will last
about as long as the other If tho per
centage of hcartwood and sapwood Is
the same In both. If the percentage of
sapwood Is Increased by splitting, the
split post will be less durable, while
If the percentage of heartwood Is In
creased It will be more durable than
the round one. Exceptions to thin
should be ninde If the posts aro of
spruce, hemlock or any of the true firs,
whose heartwood and sapwood nre
about equally durable.
If the posts are to bp treated with
creosote or some other preservative,
the round post Is preferable to tho
split, because of the comparative ease
with which the sapwood can bo treated.
Experiments at tlip laboratory demon
strate that the heartwood faces on
split posts do not, as n rule, absorb
the preservative os well as does the
sapwood.
COOPERATIVE EGG MARKETING
Encouraged by Extension Workers and
Is Saving Money for Farmers of
Nebraska.
Co-operative marketing of eggs,
which is being encouraged by exten
sion workers of the University of Min
nesota and county agricultural agents,
Is saving money for farmers of Ne
braska. According to the extension
news servlco of the Nebraska college
of agriculture, six cents a dozen, or
n total of $S8.", was the gain made by
farmers of Hamilton county by mnrv
ketlng their eggs co-operatively dur
.big April and May. Tho county agent
and the farm bureau helped to collect
the eggs at n central point and there
grading, packing and shipping them,
CRICKETS CUT GRAIN TWINE:
Insect Is Reported In Great Numbers
and Doing Much Damage by
Loosening Sheaves.
A warning against the crickets
which chew the twine on grain sheaves
and thus cause loss of tho grain Is It
sued by Stewart Lockwood, extension
entomologist at tho Agricultural col
lege of North Dakota, who says the
Insect Is being reported In great num
bers throughout his section.
Use new sisal twine, If posslblo,
says Mr. Lockwood. Otherwise, soak
the twino In a solution of one part
turpentine 'and one part plno tar, two
or threo days before using.
tf
iHBgto'r
Si
if "i i i,
MRS. CARL UNDHI
(1.r.B.N.l.Bo44,
DiimI, MtanuoU
THANKFUL
FOR GOOD
PE-RU-NA
DID HER
YEARS AGO
S5
Keeps the Medicine with Her for Safety
Mrs. Carl Under, It. K. I). No. 2, Box AA,
DasHol,MlnneBotn, writes: "I want to thnnk
you for your kindness nnd tho good your
remedy did mo years ngo. I ntn perfectly
woll nnd visiting in 8oUnno, Wash. AVcro it
not forl'o-rti-na I would not have boon able
to mnko this trip. I always tuko your medi
cine with mo for safety Bliould 1 tako cold.
Praiso to 1'o-ru-nn."
As nn emergency remedy for everyday ills,
I'o-ru-nn has been in use fifty years.
TABLETS OR LIQUID SOLD EVERYWHERE
A man who can't sing, ami will sing,
otiglit to be muzzled.
A Feeling of Security
You nuturally fuel secure when you
know that the medicine you arc about to
take is absolutely pine nnd contains no
linitnful or habit ptoilucing diugs.
Such a medicine is Dr. Kilmer's Swamp
Hoot, kidney, liver and bl.ulder remedy.
The same Ptnndnrd of purity, strength
nnd excellence is maintained in every
bottle of Swamp-Hoot.
It is scientifically compounded from
tractable herbs.
It is not n stimulant and is taken in
(iMppoonfiil doses.
It in not recommended for everything.
It is nature's great helper in relieving
nnd overcoming kidney, liver and blad
der troubles.
A sworn statement of purity is with
every bottle of Dr. Kilmer's Swamp
Hoot. If you need , medicine, you should
have the best. On sale at all drug stores
in bottle9 of two sizes, medium nnd large.
However, if you wish first to try this
pre.it preparation send ten cents to Dr.
Kilmer & Co., Ilinglmmton, N. Y., for a
wimple bottle. When writing be sure nnd
mention this paper. Advertisement.
Dolls for Greenland Kiddies.
Dozens of American dolls nru being
taken by ('apt. Donald H. MacMlllan
on lite present trip to the Arctic to be
distributed to the kiddles of Green-laud.
Important to Mothers
Examine carefully every bottlo of
CASTOIIIA, that famous old remedy
for Infants and children, and see that It
Tlenrn tlir
Signature otQCfffj
In Use for Over HO Yeura.
Children Cry for Fletcher's Castoria
GREATNESS NOT ON SURFACE
Reporter Had Perceived Nothing to
Indicate That His Companion
Was a Man of Note.
Every one Is entitled to one chuckle
In days like these, Just as every dog
Is entitled to one bite. Hence this
story of Sinclair Lewis, which Is being
repented with vkious enjoyment by n
lot of the lowbrows.
It appears that Lewis was a guest
at a dinner not long ago at which a
number of newspaper men and other
low forms of life were present. The
guests were Introduced to their hosts
In tills fashion :
"(Jentlemen tills Is Mr. Smith, Mr.
Jones and Mr. Lewis."
Mr. Lewis sat next to n reporter.
The reporter Uilked of politics, the
next war, heat, Ilahe Kuth, the big
fight and other bourgeois things and
said no word of literature.
Mr. Lewis became lirst uneasy nnd
then unhappy. When he could .stand
It no longer he turned to his neighbor
with a gay laugh.
"Ha, bill" said he.' "You did not
when we were Introduced think thnt
I was the fellow Sinclair Lewis, who
wrote 'Main Street,' did you'"
"No," said the reporter. Iloston
Globe.
Medium Was Right
"DIvvIe n bit do ! believe the mes
sages these mediums are after get
tin' from the dead," declared Dugau.
"Ye can't be tellln' whether they're
true or not." ".More fool ye. Ye can,
and I can prove It," contradicted Mori
nhan. "Ity mistake 1 was reported
killed entirely In tho war, and one
day tnc sister went to a medium who
told her I was wishln' I was back on
earth. And at that very time k was
on n transport In a high sea, d'ye
mind?"
The Cutlcura Toilet Trio.
Having cleared your skin keep It clear
by making Cutlcurn your every-day
toilet preparations. The soap to cleanso
nnd purify, the Ointment to soothe nnd
henl, the Tulcum to powder nnd per
fume. No toilet table Is complete
without them. 2fic everywhere. Ad
vertisement. Impossible.
Khibb Do you understand your
wife?
Duhb Not Blneo I married her!
A mnn never tries to belittle other
men unless he feels that they are
superior to himself.
Some people aiv not Mitlhllod with
the milk of human kindness they
want the cream.
ASPIRIN
Name "Bayer" on Genuine
Beware! Unless you bcc the nntn
"Ilayer" on package or on tablets you
nre not getting genuine Aspirin pre
scribed by physicians for twenty-one
years nnd proved safe by millions.
Take Aspirin only as told In the Uuyer
package for Colds, Headache, Neural
gia, Rheumatism, Earache, Toothache,
Lumbago, and for I'nln. Handy tin
boxes of twelve Unyer Tablets of As
pirin cost few cents. Druggists also
sell larger packages. Aspirin Is the
trade mark of Ilayer Manufacture of.
Monoacotlcacldester of Sallcyllcadd,
Advertisement.
A Question of Identity.
The New Minister "Do you knovr
who I am, my little man?" Little
IUllIe "Certainly. Don't you know
who you are?"
Red Cross Ball BIuo ohould bo tiscd
In every home. It makes clothes whlto
as snow nnd never Injures the fnbrlc
All good grocers, fie. Advertisement
IMty slops over when we meet an
casv-going man who is married to un
intellectual woman.
Why meddle with others who don't
meddle with us?
Do you know
you can roll
SO &Qod
cigarettes tor
lOcts from
one bag of
GENUINE
"BULL'DURHAM
TOBACCO
Wo want you to havo the
best paper for "BULL."
So now you can rocoive
with each packagoabook
of 24 leaves ol W1VI.
the very finest cigaretto
paper In the world.
KtVuCaf. tfrjfq6Zi I
MAN'S
BEST AGE
A man is as old as his organs; ho
can be as vigorous and healthy at
70 as at 35 if ho aids his organs in
performing their functions. Keep
your vital organs healthy with
COLDMEDAL
fS33TJIHE
Tho world's standard remedy for kidney,
liver, bladder and uric acid troubles einco
1696; corrects disorders; stimulates vital
organs. All druggists, throo sizes.
Loot? for the naraa Gold Medal on every hoax
and accept no Imitation
What to Take for
Disordered Stomach
Take a good dose of Carter's Little liver Pills
then take z or 3 for a few nights after.
You will relish your meals without fear of trouble to
follow. Millions of all ages take them for Biliousness,
Dizziness. Sick Headache, Upset Stomach and for Sallow,
Pimply, Blotchy Skin. They end the mlttry of Comtlpctlon.
.ta-" .&?& Sautl Pill; Small Dei.; Snail Prk.
CARTER'S
ITTLE
IXIF.Rr
PILLS