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HK nlrplnne nntl airship mark the
end of the silent places. &o hay
the nlrmen anil the explorers, tho
hlcKiimc hunters and the sci
entists. This stutement, which Is
also a prophecy, Is probably true.
The next generation will find few
of nature's wilderness solitudes
left except In the nutlonal parks
of the United Stntes.
In the men' ,,me, pending the
adequate deve.optnent of air trav
el, the exnlorers and the scientists
arc too Impatient to wait for the machine thnt
annihilates time and distance and topography.
They must be at the work of prying Into the few
remaining mysteries of the earth.
Anyway, the spring of 1021 sees at least a score
of expeditions on the way or In preparation.
The only International project is one to discover
he origin of the Polynesian race of tho South
a'acllic.
A I'nn-Amerlcan exploration of tropical Amerl
o will lie limited to nations of the western hem
isphere. An American expedition to British Gulnnn la
.commercially Important In that It may uncover a
new diamond (if Id.
Twi third Asiatic expedition of the American
allium of Natural History to China to discover
evidence that the "missing link" actually once ex
Istwl Is possibly the most scientlilcally Important.
The project of the Royal Geographical society
i, ascend Mount Everest (29,(XT2 ft.), the highest
anoiuitnln In the world, Is possibly the most fas
lnnting. Among the other exploring projects are the fol
Bowing: One to the Antarctic; six to the Arctic;
four to Africa; four to Central nnd South Amer
ica ; one to Siberia.
The project to attempt to discover the origin
f the Polynesian race originated at n recent con
ference of scientists in Honolulu, under the di
rection of the Pan-Pacific union, nt which It wan
Agreed to undertake a survey of the Islands of
the South Pacific. The countries Interested In the
expedition and which will hnve representatives
with It are the United States, England, Japan,
Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii and the
.Philippines. Vale, Harvard and other educational
Institutions are supporting the project. There
aiever has been any doubt that the Hawaiian,
Snmnan, Tnhltlon. Tongan and Maori are closely
akin. Their legends, speech, customs and. build
nil testify to the relationship, but hitherto their
origin has been Io3t In the mistK of the ages. They
aire believed by many nclentlsts to be of Caucaslnn
origin. Meanwhile the Polynesian is dying fnst;
iis rafe Is passing out at high speed, and the In
vestigations are being pushed with as llttlo dcluy
ik possible.
Louts It. Sullivan of the American Museum of
Natural History, New York, has been conducting
Investigations along this line. Hodily, facial and
cranial characteristics of tho Polynesian, accord
ing to Mr. Sullivan's tables, show thnt ho Is vloven
parts Mongoloid, five parts European, five parts
Ilongolold-European nnd two parts Mongolold-Me-Innnlati.
His conclusion Is that the Hawaiian
iud his Polynesian brothers originally came from
Asia.
Systematical exploration and research In tho
Interest of nut urn 1 science will be stnrted In the
near future In Central and South America, should
plans now being perfected by representatives of
American scientific organizations meet with the
anticipated success, Dr. A. S. Hitchcock of the
Smithsonian Institution announces. Under the su
pervision of a committee of scientists headed by
Doctor Hitchcock, the institute for research In
tropical Americn hn been formed and preliminary
arrangements for beginning Its work completed in
n scries of meetings called by the national re
Hcarch council. In addition to exploration along
botanical, anthropo'rglcnl, zoological, ecological
Hues, the Institute pinna to establish a system of
research station and laboratories In tho tropics,
nt which scientific 'experimentation will be car
ried on.
Because of the necessity of limiting tho scope
of the orgnnlr.ntlon's activities, at least until tho
time when It shnll bo entirely equipped to branch
out, Doctor Hitchcock explains, countries outside
tho two American continents will not be permitted
to participate. While tho co-operation of all trop
ical American countrlco will be sought, It Is pro
posed nt present to admit representatives of South
and Central American scientific bodies only to
associate or correspondent momberslilp.
I M J t.i 1.....I..I-CI mill tlin KP1- - j- ajiaw KV L 1 '.-Li
) cntlsts. This statement, which Is jqJ' Jp&Z : ' "fWr
fBJBflS. ) nlso n prophecy, is probably true. ,tr. xrT'-' .d "- J1
TSVT'7 The next Reiierntlon will llntl few AJ SflBBELf 2
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Dr. Henry II. Itnsby of Columbia university Is
lending n large body of American scientists In an
attempt to explore the sources of the Amazon. Its
Immediate program Is to traverse more than 1,000
square miles of the virgin land In tho upper
reaches of tho river basin. Members of the expe
dition Include Dr. David Starr Jordan, president
of Lelaud Stanford university, and Dr. Carl H.
Elgeumnnn of the University of Indiana, who will
"tudy fish nnd reptiles; Doctor Ruthven of the
University of Michigan, who will study frogs; and
Dr. Edward Kromcrs of the University of Wiscon
sin and Prof. A. II. Gill of the Massachusetts In
stitute of Technology, who will Investigate seeds
and volatile oils.
Two young Americans salted from New York the
other day for South America to search for a vast
store of wealth supposed to He In the "chimney"
of the diamond deposits of British Gulnnn. At
Georgetown, the capital of the British possession,
they will be Joined by a third adventuresome
American who has outfitted In Paris.
The expedition Is under the patronage of Har
vard university and the Smithsonian Institution of
Washington, for which it will carry on geograph
ical explorations. William .7. LaVarre, Jr., a Har
vard graduate of 1010, bends the party, and his
fellow explorers nrc James MacDonnld of Lima,
O., and Dudley Lewis of Springfield, Mass. They
expect to spend more than n year In the Jungle.
Besides nn nttempt to follow tho scattered de
posits of precious stones several hundred miles
through tangled, reptile-Infested wilderness to thclt
source, long known to exist somewhere In the hill
country, but never discovered, tho expedition will
tnkc observations of the aboriginal Inhabitants nnd
geological features of the country, ns well ax cap
ture specimens of native wild animals for the
Smithsonian Institution nnd National Zoological
garden nt Washington.
Establishing headquarters In the prairie country
170 ndles up the Mnzarunl rjver, which flows Into
the Essequlbo, the diamond hunters will begin
work on the alluvial lands bordering strenms on
the eastern wntershed of tho Sierra Pacaralma
mountains, which separate British Guiana from
Venezuela.
The area In which the expedition will operate
has been known since the middle of the last cen
tury ns a rich diamond field, although Its Inac
cessibility nnd the prevalence of tropical diseases
have served to discourage prospecting by white
men. Thousands of enrats of the gems, said to
be ns fine ns any In the world, however, nre tnken
out annually by negro miners, employing primitive
methods.
"Somewhere near ovcry spot where diamonds
.nre found in considerable numbers there must bo
a 'chimney'," explained Mr. LaVnrre. The qunl
Ity of stones taken fiom tho vicinity where his
pnrty will work points to a "chimney" ns rich or
richer than those of the South African diamond
fields.
The vnngunrd of the "missing link" expedition
left New York the other day. The mission of the
scientists will keep them in the vast untrodden
areas of Asia for five years. When they return to
America they hopo to hnve evidence that the
"missing link" between man and beast actually
existed. Also they expect to bring back thousands
of anlmnl and botnnlcal specimens to fill the pro
posed Hall of Asiatic Life In New York.
Roy Chapman Andrews, lender of two former
scientific pnrtlcs Into China, heads the expedition.
Joined In Asia by scores of native guests, hunts
men, cooks nnd .helpers, the scientists expect to
Introduce American automobiles, movlng-plc'iire
cnmciaa and other modern machines on the Gobi
desert, central Asian plateaus, Tibetan steppes and
other little-known Innds.
Tho first base of the pnrty will bo established
In Mongolia, where the scientists expect to remain
24 months before penetrating western China.
t After tho vanguard hns opent n year In Mongolia,
a second group of scientists will leave New York
to Join them. Northeastern and central Asia will
be thoroughly gone over In a study of the origin
nnd migration of man, to prove or disprove the
popular scientific belief that Asia was the center
of dispersal of the human race, as well us for
OLOUD, NEBRASKA, CHIEF
many of the mammals the descendants of which
nro scattered over the earth. Next year the
museum will send out geologists and a motion
picture photogrnplmr, and In 10113 nrcheologlsts
nnd anthropologists will follow.
The Royal Geographical society Is pushing ahead
Its plans for the conquest of Mount Everest, the
highest mountain in the world, the summit of
which no wldte man has ever reached. The main
nttempt will be made next year. Sir Francis
Younghusbnnd, the president of the society, hns
announced thnt Col. Howard Bury, who has trav
eled much In Asia, lias been chosen to lead thin
year's expedition, with Harold Rnehurn In charge
of the actual reconnaissance of the mountain. Air.
Rnehurn has Just icturnod from n reconnaissance
of Knngchanjungn. a mountain In the Himalayas
with an altitude of 28.M0 feet. The society Is nlso
hoping to secure the services next year of Briga
dier General Bruce, the originator of the Idea of
ascending the mountain.
Tho nscent of Mount Everest Is Impracticable
for many years at least, In the opinion of Henry
V. Montaguler of Torre Haute, Ind., who has mode
many ascents In the Himalayas, the Rockies nnd
the Eui'ipean Alps, and has attained the highest
altitudes. He snys:
"I have no hesitation In predicting thnt Everest
will certainly not be conquered by the first party
that makes the attempt. In my opinion It will
tnke years, each party profiting by the experience
ucqulred by Its predecessors nnd each gaining a
thousand or more feet on the previous record. One
thing Is certain, and that is that the conquest of
the highest peak in the world will be far and away
the most terrific test of endurance human beings
have ever undergone. The Journey to the north
or south pole, as far as physical effort and moral
courage nre concerned, would he mere child's piny
compared with the nscent of n mountain more
than 20,000 feet high. The highest altitude yet at
tained Ls about 124,000 feet.
"We know that the number of feet nn nctlvo
climber can ascend per hour diminishes with the
altitude. Thus, up to 10,000 feet an average climber
can ascend about 1,000 feet an hour over easy
ground without exhausting liliusclf. Above 23,000
feet the ascensional rate falls below 1!(K) feet nn
hour even for exceptionally strong climbers. What
it would he at 27,000 feet no one can tny without
experience.
"Judging by whnt we know of tho diminution
of the nscenslonnl rate of strong climbers above
23,000 feet, It would seem doubtful whether It
would be possible to ascend more than 100 or 1.r0
feet an hour ubove 27,000 or 28,000 feet. And,
moreover, tl ese figures nie based on the supposi
tion thnt the party meets with no great dlfllcul
ties, such ns powdery snow, high wind, steep
rocks, sickness, etc."
The one south pole exploration, now on the
way, seems Importnnt, It Is the British Antarctic
expedition, headed by Commander John Lachlan
Cope, fellow of the Royal Geographical society
and formerly of the Bvitlsh navy. It lias been
financed for .?7.r0,000, nnd there will be five ships.
123 men, several airplanes and extensive wireless
apparatus. The object Is to circumnavigate the
Antarctic scar make n dash to the south pole, lo
cate new whaling grounds and map fields that are
supposed to be rich In gold, silver, coal and rubles.
Plans have been made for tin nbsonce of five years.
Dr. Donald B. MacMlllan, veteran of six trips to
the Land of the Midnight Sun, heads the list of
Arctic explorers. He is building nt East Booth
bay, Mo., tho schooner Bowdoln for an expedition
.scheduled to start in July. Under favorable weath
er conditions the Bowdoln should reach Fury and
Hocln strait early In September. There the ship
will he frozen In. Leaving their ossol under
gunrd the party will push forward on sleds drawn
by dogs. Doctor MacMlllan expects to establish
n Minp 700 miles south of Eton, In northwest
Green) ind, from which he will try to circumnavi
gate Bnflln Land nnd to penetrate l,f00 miles of
its weJf.ern coast, said to be the longest stretch of
unknown coastline In the world.
Four expeditions nre In progress. In Africa,
namely, the Biltlsh Natural History museum ex
pedition to penetrate the becrets of the west coast
and of the .leb-Marln mountains; the effort of tho
duke of tho Ahruzzl to find the source of the Webi
Shebell river, which Hows from Abyssinia through
Italian Somnlllnud Into tho Iudlnn ocean ; the en
tour'.oglcnl tour of the Belgian portion of Tan
ganyka and the Eastern Congo, by T. A. Barns,
who explored the Iturr-and Semlkl forests, finding
n strange race of pygmies nnd making a wonder
ful collection of moths and hutterilles, and the
Mackle ethnological expedition Into Central Africa
to study the Bahlimi, one of tho chief pastoral
tiibe.of Ankole, a district west of Uganda.
After Every Meal
WRWLEYS
Sealed Tight A Kept Right
I WRIGLEY'S has steadily I
) kept to the pre-war price. II
find to the same hleh stand- II
I ard of quality. I
No other izoody lasts so I
1 lonu-costs so little or does H
J 60 much for you. II
Handy to carry beneficial
I In effect full of flavor a M
ill IH
J solace and comfort (or I
1 youne and old. I
I THE FLAVOR W
L LASTS J
Fuel From Wheat Straw.
A ton of sun-dried wheat straw hns
been found from the Canadian experi
ments to have a fuel value about equal
to that of 32 gallons of gasoline. It
yields about 10,000 cubic feet of purl
fled gas, GOO to 030 pounds of carbon
residue, and about 10 gallons of tarry
liquid. The gus, which has a caloric
value of about 400 British thermal
units per cubic foot, burns with n
blue flame, and has u slight odor. Its
combustible constituents are carbon
monoxide, methane and hydrogen. The
cu bon residue Is capable of being re
duced to u very fine powder.
Tho man In the honey-moon la
creation of the Imagination.
Introspection.
"If n mnn would consult his mirror
ns much as n woman does he might
learn a great deal about himself," re
marked the near philosopher.
"I doubt It," said the observant citi
zen. "The average matinee Idol is not
half as good at self-analysis as some
homely, bald-headed fellow vh never
sees himself In a mirror except when
ho shaves." Birmingham Age-Herald.
Besides, Few Deiieve.
Jud Tonkins says a man who brags
about leaving olllce poorer than when
be entered It merely Irritates the hill
collectors.
PATENTS
When he has nothing to growl about
the pessimist has n had day.
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