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Three Hundred Years Ago
THE PILGRIM FATHERS
Held the First American
THANKSGIVING FEAST
F5
MKKICA, Englnnd and Holland, tlie
three mitlonn most concerned with
the landing of the Pilgrims Decern
her 0, 10120, at Plymouth, Mass.,
hnc heen celebrating this year tno
"Tcrecntennry of the Pilgrims,"
mid the celehratlon runs over into
1021, with many Interesting fea
tures on the program.
So, though the Pilgrims did not
actually cut their first Thunks
elviinr dinner until the harvest of
1021 had been gathered, the "Tercentenary of the
Pilgrims," now being observed. Is also properly
the "Tercentenary of Thanksgiving."
The Pilgrims, as every good American knows,
landed at Plymouth In December. Their first
winter was a hard one. At one time only Brew
6ter, Standlsh nnd live other hnrdy ones were
well enough to get nbout. Hardships, hunger
and sickness took heavy toll from tho little
colony.
But In the spring nnd summer that followed,
their fortunes Improved, and by nutumu they hnd
cleurcd twenty-six acres and made It ready for
cultivation. This Industry, too, had been re
warded by n bounteous harvest. Now food nnd
fuel sufficient for the needs of the winter were
(aid In. Then Governor Bradford ordered a
Thanksgiving, the first In America.
With a little help from the Imagination It Is
ensy to reconstruct the scene In purt. The his
torians have recorded that the first Thanksgiving
Day was bright nnd fair. Of course there was the
fume riot of autumn color tbat glorifies New
England falls today. Red, gold and bronze lenves
hung on the trees nnd carpeted the ground. Purple
wild grapes hung from the trec-cllmbing vines.
Ited cranberries were thick on the mnrshes. Blue
gentians starred the meadows, and the uplands
were bright with goldenrod. Over all lay the hazo
of the "Indian summer," a.nd, as the crowning
touch, rose Into the still autumn air the smoke
from the seven log cabins of the colony.
It was yst early' In the day when a yell rent
the air, and Massnsolt and his lighters arrived,
nastily peeking Into their ovens the women Joined
the men to welcome tho guests. They lined up
along the path leading to the government house
and cheered with the redskins. Ninety Indians
had accepted the invitation. The women rushed
hack to their kitchens, while the men of the colony
wore exchanging health greetings with tho "com
pany." Came a roll of drums, and the colony tnado Its
way devoutly to the meeting house for worship.
It was a simple, short service. At the door, ns
was the custom, stood a guard watching over tho
little settlement. Eternal vlgllanco, even with
friendly Indians present, was tho prlco of life.
Then, when tho benediction hnd been spoken, all
mudo 'their way to the tables of rough boards,
hand hewn from trees, set on trestles In tho open
air.
It Is possible to give a good guess at the good
things that graced the board. The harvest hnd
been bounteous. The hunters had been success
ful. And doubtless Old Mother Nature, who had
been so merciless to tho colonists, was now gen
erous. So here Is tho possible menu:
Vegetable, Soup
Oyster Stew
Brook Trout
Steamed Clams
1 Wild Turkey Venison
Wild Duck ' Wild Goqsq
1 Game Pastry Blackbird Pie
Samp Succotash Cranberries Turnips
Homtny Bcnns Jams Jellies
Pumpkin Pie Hickory Nuta Beech Nuts
The women In their dark gowns, set off at tho
neck and cuffs with bits of white, with wisps of
Trnlr peeping out from under their white hoods,
:l
n
M'tved and Mulled, us women always smile whi'ii
a dinner Is a success. The few children of the
colony clung to the w onion's skirts and looked In
awe nt the Indians, who hud come In full regalia
plumed head", painted faces and with hows and
quivers at their sides.
Dinner finished, tables were cleared and the
men rested their bucks against stumps to let
digestion have Its way. But Hie ludlnns, who
hadn't Inherited digestions, decided It was time
to dnncc. So they yelped and Jumped and danced
around to the delight of the settleis and to the
fright of the children.
dipt. Miles Standlsh, the same who lost a
bride by pioxy, led out his company of twenty
soldiers and drilled them before the Indians.
The little band went through Its maneuvers nnd
ns a climax fired n coupju of salvos from their
matchlock muskets. The Indians cheered lustily,
and crowded around the, captain while he at
tempted to explain to them the mechanism of his
blunderbus.
Then, ns now, sports were n part of tho ob
servance of the duy. In a clenr space, leaping,
running nnd other athletic games were staged.
The Indians laid aside their fur cloaks nnd the
colonists peeled off their Jackets and contested
for the honors. Evidently no records wero low
ered, for the otilelal score books have nothing In
them concerning this meet.
In the course of three hundred years the cele
bration of Thanksgiving has become a national
custom. Its observance grew gradually and not
until the Civil war were our national Thanks
giving proclamations Issued with annual recur
rence. The president's general Thanksgiving
proclamation I now supplemented by that of tho
governors of the states.
In 1781 the Thanksgiving recommendation took,
for the first time, the form and name of n procla
mation. On September 13 Roger Sherman, sec
onded by John Wltherspoon, moved that Thursdny,
December 13, be selected ns a duy of thanksgiving.
This Roger Sherman Is unique In our history In
asmuch as he Is the only man who signed nil four
of the Great Documents: Articles of Associa
tion, 1774; Articles of Confederation, 177C; Dec
laration of Independence, 1770, and Constitution,
1787.
The ofllclal growth of the Thanksgiving Day
observance was quite gradual. The Massachu
setts Bay Colony ofllclully designated such a cele
bration In 1030, Connecticut followed cxumplo In
1039, and the Dutch of the New Netherlands in
Februnry, 1044.
The day of observance varied, some of the
colonies holding their Thanksgiving as early as
July and others ns late as February; but, by
degrees, It enmo to the grent harvest celebration,
thus preserving tho true significance of the first
Thanksgiving Day.
The first ofllclally appointed Thanksgiving
Day observed by the whole nation was tho twenty
sixth of November, 1780, which George Washing
ton proclaimed as a day for rendering the thanks
of tho people to Hcnven for the good fortune that
was theirs at that time. Washington had been In
ofllce Just six months as the first President of the
United States.
"ThIs document It couched In an exalted strain
that should bear Its message anew to every Ameri
can today. After a brief preamble, the proclama
tion says:
"Now, therefore, I do recommend and nsslgn,
Thursday, tho twenty-sixth of November next, to
bo devoted by tho people of these statos to the
service of that great and glorious Being who Is tho
beneflclent author of nil the good that was, that Is,
or that will be. That we may then unite In ren
dering unto Him our sincere nnd humblo thanks
for Ills kind care and protection of the people of
this country previous to their becoming n nntlon ;
for tho signal nnd manifold mercies nnd favorable
Interpositions of Ills providence In the course and
conclusion of tho Into war; for the great degree
of tranquillity, union nnd plenty which we have
since enjoyed; for tho peaceable nnd rational
manner In which wo have been enabled to establish
constitutions of government for our safety nnd
happiness, nnd particularly tho national one now
lately Instituted; for the civil nnd religious liberty
with which wo aro blessed and tho means wo
have of acquiring and diffusing knowledge, nnd,
In general, for all tho great favors which Ho hath
been pleased to confer upon us.
"And also that wo may then unlto In most
humbly offering our prayers and supplications to
the great Lord and Ruler of nations, nnd beseech
Him to pardon our national and other transgres
sions; to enable us all, nhether In public or
prlvnto stations, to perform our sovernl duties
properly and punctually; te render our national
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government n blessing to the people by constantly
being n government of wise, Just and constitu
tional laws, directly and. faithfully executed und
obeyed; to protect and guide nil sovereigns nnd1
nations, especially such ns have shown kindness
to us, nnd tt bless them with good government
nnd peace and concord ; to promote the knowledge
nnd practice of true religion and virtue and tne
Increase of science nmong them nnd us, and gen
erally to grant unto nil mankind such a degree
of temporal prosperity ns He alone knows to bo
best.
"Given under my hand nt the city of New
York, the third duy of October, In the year of our
Lord, one thousand seven hundred nnd eighty
nine. "GEORGE WASHINGTON."
There Is, ns stated, no statutory provision for
our Thanksgiving proclamations nor for their
date. In evidence of this President Andrew John
son's first Thanksgiving proclamation des'nnfed
the llrst Thursdny hi December, 1805. If we speak
of Thanksgiving day as a natlonnl Institution It
dates back to the Revolution, but If we have in
mind the annual harvest Thanksgiving day It be
comes nationalized through the adoption of It by
the several states, and the llrst appointment was
by Abraham Lincoln November 20. 18C3. That
proclamation is, In part, as follows:
"The year that Is drawing to Its close hns been
filled with the blebslngs of fruitful fields and
healthful skies. . . . Needful diversions of health
nnd of strength from the fields of peaceful Indus
try to the nntlonnl defense have not nrrested the
plow, the shuttle or the ship; the nx bus enlarged
the borders of our settlements, nnd the mines, ns
well of Iron nnd of coal as of precious metals,
have yielded even more abundantly than hereto
fore. Population hns steadily Incrensed notwith
standing the wnste that has been made In camp,
tho siege nnd the battlefield, and the country, re
joicing In the consciousness of augmented
strength nnd vigor, Is permitted to expect contin
uance of years with large Incrense of freedom.
"No human counsel hath devised, nor hath
any mortal hand worked out these great things.
They nre the gracious gift of the most high God,
who, while dealing with us In nngcr for our sins,
hath nevertheless remembered mercy.
"It has seemed to me fit and proper that
they should be solemnly, fervently and gratefully
acknowledged, ns with one heart and one voice,
by tho whole American people. I do, therefore,
Invite my fellow citizens In every pnrt of the
United States, nnd also those who urc at sea and
thoo who aro sojourning In foreign lauds, to set
npnrt and observe tho Inst Thursdny In November
next ns a day of Thanksgiving nnd prnlso to our
beneficent Fnther, who dwelleth In 'the henvens.
And I recommend to them that while offering up
tho ascriptions Justly due to Him for puch singu
lar deliverances nnd blessings they do nlso, with
bumble penitence for our natlonnl perverseness
nnd disobedience, commend to His tender enre nil
those who have become widows, orphans, mourn
ers or sufferers In the lamentable civil strife In
which we aro now unavoidably engaged, nnd
fervently Implore tho Interposition of the Almighty
hand to heal tho wounds of the nation and to
restore It, ns soon ns may he consistent with the
Divine purposes, to the full enjoyment of pence,
harmony, tranquillity and union.
"In testimony whereof I have h rcunto set my
hand nnd cuused tho seal of the United States to
bo nfllxcd.
"Done ut the city of Washington, the third dny
of October, A. D. 1803, nnd of the Independence
of the United States, the eighty-eighth.
"ABRAHAM iilNCOLN."
So it was Abraham Lincoln who first named
tho last Thursday In November In his proclama
tlon of 1803 and thus fixed the date of the annual
celebration of Thanksgiving. ,
cleanse your mouth
moisten your throat
sweeten your breath
W H with
1 IWRIGLEYSt
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;andsHappyHouswives
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are helping their husbands to prosper are stad "
they encouraged them to do where the could make a home of theh-
own save paying rent and reduce coat of living where they
coiua reacn proeperny ana inaepenaenca oy Buying an aay i
Fertile Land at $15 to $30 an Acr
land similar to that which through many year has yUlaaa from M
to 4B bushels of whsst to tho aero. Hundred! of fanners in Western
Canada have raised crops in a single season worth more than the wholo
cost of their Isnd. With such crops come prosperity, independence, gooa
homes, and all the comforts and conveniences which make for happy IhriaaV
Farm Gardens Poultry Dairying
are sources of income second only to grain growing and stock i
uooa ciunaie, gooa neisnuors, enurencs, ,
aaI(uIk valval tslAHknHa am .la IIAIt ttM
opportunities of a new land with the con
yen tenets 01 oia seiuea auuricis.
For lltntrsUd llwruurt . mtp, description of
fumwDortanitlrs In Manitoba. Baikatcbcwui.
nd AltxrU, reduced railway rate, tie . unit
Dtpaitmaot of Immigration, Ottawa, Cut , or
W.V.BENHETT
toia 4 lee Bid, Omaha, Net,
i Canadian Government Agent
aJsla
JflEgdEaa
BMftfch
Mil
Well Remembered
Hawkins wus u greedy, helf-secldng
fellow, who expected to benefit by his
rich uncle's denth. The latter hud not
failed to observe the nephew's charac
ter, however, and when on hlB death
bed he sent for Hawkins.
"I haven't forgotten you, George,"
he said; "got you down in ray will."
At the funeral Hawkins invested In
an expensive wreath and attended to
hear the will rend.
"To my dear nephow George," ran
the document, "I leave an Illustrated
edition of Dickens' 'Great Expecta
tions.' "Houston Post
ASPIRIN
Name "Bayer" on Genuine
Awful Sick
With Gas
Eatonto Bring Retlmf
"I have been awful sick with gas,"
writes Mrs. W. H. Person, "bJb4
Eatonlc Is all I can get to give km
relief."
Acidity nnd gas on the stoma
quickly taken up and carried out by
Eatonlc, then appetite and strength
come back. And many other bodily
miseries disappear when the stomach
is right. Don't let sourness, belchlag,
bloating, Indigestion nnd other stoaa-
nch Ills go on. Take Eatonlc tablet
after you eat see how much better
you feel. Big box costs only trllsl
with your druggist's guarantee.
Warning I Unless you sao the name
"Bayer" on package or on tablets you
are not getting genuine Aspirin pre
scribed by physicians for twenty-one
years and proved safe by millions.
Take Aspirin only as told In the Bayer
package for Colds, Headache, Neural
gia, Rheumatism, Earache, Toothache,
Lumbago and for Pain. Handy tin
boxes of twelvo Bayer Tablets of As
pirin cost few cents. Druggists also
sail larger Dackages. Aspirin Is the
trade mark of Bayer Manufacture of
Monoacetlcacldester of Sallcycacld.
AdT.
Even the buckwheat cab has to
watt lta turn.
SANITARIUM
SULPH0 SALINE SPRINGS
Located on our own premise
and used In the
Natural Mineral Water Baths
Unsurpassed in tho treatmebtf
RHEUMATISM
Heart, Stomach, Kidney and
Liver Dlscabes
Moderate charges. Address
DR. O.W.EVERETT. Mar
Liccoia, nssw
4taaadMSts.
E-Z Dustlcts-Ebony Stove Poll
K-Z Iron Enauil for ths Pira
BrZ Mbtil Polish ron tub Nicsil
E-Z Buoa Polish Bavbs 8nox
All DaaUrs Money Itaek UurutM
u
Tail
