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About The Red Cloud chief. (Red Cloud, Webster Co., Neb.) 1873-1923 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 30, 1919)
RED OLOUD, NEBRASKA, CHIEF wa im.i.1 i -,..''. - ......... h... BBPftWg tWpHHI IWRjttflBB Bk ? Vv J 1! fJt JJpmXwiinttUtttf9v a Tm i 17BBB -f fcv'-'t- r jT gfffflgCeaaaMMBaBaaBElBaW'BPW ' CORNHUSKER ITEMS ITowa of All Kinds Gathered From Various Points Throughout Nebraska. OF INTEREST, TO ALL READERS Hex ltamlall of Olbhoii, pilot of thn nlrplnno which crashed to the otirtli nt St. Paul, liiRtnntly hilling Lieut. Cain, cron Wrlgjit nml causing Injuries to Miss Helen Hnggard which reunited tn her death, Is unable to explain the cniiBo oC tho accident further tlmn to Bay something was wrong with tho mechanism of his plane. Hnudall es caped with a broken arm and bruises. That tho Nebraska Farmers' union can solve, the sugar problem for lta members 'through the operation of n "FIDDLE-FIT" i Keep Liver and Bowels Clean and Active vvith"CascaretsM .. 4 . .... Sick headache, biliousness, coated 1 Congestion of freight and express matter In West sticct, New York, due to strike of the lonGshoreincn. 2 Policemen guarding n car In Oakland. Cal., from n mot) of striking traction workers. 8 Col. K. M. House, HI with the grippe, debarking at Now York from the steamship Northern Pacific. NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS CaWiiet Takes Over Rule of Na tion Pending Recoverv of the President. HIS AILMENT NOT REVEALED Doinga of the Industrial Conference Army Is Hot After "Redo" League of Nations Comet Into Being Anti-Golehevist Armies Closing In en Soviet Russia. By EDWARD W. PICKARD. Because of the certainty that the resumption f his official duties by President Wilson will bo long delayed, ,tho cabinet has taken matters Into Its own hands and Is virtually running tho government. For the first tlmo since Sir. Wilson became the chief magurtmte, It Is performing the func tions atletcd It by the Constitution. Each member of the cabinet Is handling all executive matters within Its Juris diction, and all other questions that come hp are passed on by tho full cab inet. The moat Important decisions are svbssiUed to Mr. Wilson for his approval, ttrroagh Admiral Grayson. SpecUtaally, the Industrial and eco nomic attention which has been brought to a crisis by the steel strike Is beta bnndtcd by Secretnry Baker. Secretary of Labor Wilson Is looking after tic threatened coal miners' strike, and Secretary of Agriculture Houston Is doing what he can to avert tho sugar famine. The president's physicians nnd ev erybody at tho White House have com bined te keep from the public the real character of his Illness. Admiral Gray eon teW tho cabinet what It Is, but pledged It to secrecy. All the people are permitted to know Is contained In the official bulletins, which report Mr. AY0'8 continued Improvement, department of Justlco Is not doing nil It might In this respect und It may be tho nnny Is certainly active nnd achieving excellent results. This Is especially true of the central depart ment under General Wood, which has to deal with one of tho worst regions, that Including Gary, South Chicago and tho surrounding townti. Repeated raids have been made on the radicals there, great quantities of their propa ganda material have been seized and some of the ringleaders arrested nnd held, presumably for deportation, since they are mostly unnaturalized foreign ers. The army authorities assert that tho revolutionists, taking advantage of the steel strike, are trying to or ganize tho workers for nn armed re volt ngnlnst the government. Colonel Mopes, In command at Gary, says If ho were to make public the evidence he has collected, the strike would col lapse, hut the government Is not taking a hand in the situation for the purpose of breaking the strike. Tho steel companies claimed steady Improvement In conditions, from their standpoint, though the strikers as serted most of the returning workers wcro unskilled. Allen steel men In largo numbers ore-engaging steamship passage back to Europe. with occasional slight set-backs such 'as headache, and restlessness due to swelling of the prostate glnnd. The story that he bad a lesion of the brain has been vigorously though unofficially Seated, but It Is admitted that his complete 'recovery Is contingent on 'keeping bias absolutely nt rest In mind and body. The truth appears to be that he has had ne cerebral attack but la suffering from n general nervous and physical breakdown. Despite their wartime agreement to work at the present scale until peace Is officially declared or until March 31, 1020, the soft coal miners of the coun try, about GOOiOOO In number, have been ordered out on strike on November 1. Secretary of Labor Wilson took im mediate steps to avert the strike, nnd at last reports was hopeful of success. Tho miners demand a five-day week, n six-hour day and a general wage In crease of CO per cent. The miners now receive $8 to $10 a day and the mine laborers $5. The strike of the longshoremen, followed by that of the teamsters and chauffeurs, in New York threatened the. metropolis with a serious food shortage, for shipments were left to rot on the docks. The collapse of the strike was foreshadowed by the vote of several of the local unions to return to work, nnd the firm stand taken by the railway administration In dealing with the express company employees. Ing the life out of the soviet govern ment. Denlklnc kept up his ndvnnce on Moscow, capturing Orel nnd other Important points. The army of the northwest under Yudcnltch took Luga and pressed on toward Pctrogrnd, whoso fall was Imminent. This army, It was said, was working In close un derstanding with Admiral Kolchuk whose Siberian troops were pushing tho holshcvlkl back to the European border. These three commanders have rejected nil overtures from Germany, maintaining their connection with the allies. An official dispatch from Archangel snld tho North Russian forces were pursuing tho holshcvlkl In the direc tion of Onegn after occupying their fortified positions along tho railroad, capturing guns and prisoners nnd de stroying an armored train. In fact, they seem to be doing very well with out tho help of tho British and Amer ican troops that were withdrawn. Meanwhile the British fleet in the Baltic was very busy. The supreme council having declared a blockade ot nil Russian bolshevik ports, a number of German vessels were seized. Then tho British warships moved on Kron- studt. After n severe bombnrdment it was evacuated by the holshcvlkl nnd the fleet entered the hnrbor. All neu tral nations have been asked to Join in the blockndc of bolshcvlst Russia, Lieutenant D'AnnunzIo seems tc have adopted a m6re yielding attitude In regard to Flume, which he still holds. Ho has sent to Premier Cle menceau an appeal to take the Initia tive in obtaining from the allied gov ernments u declaration making Flume nn open port The present Italian plar contemplates an Independent buffer state at Flume with the extension ot Italian control, over tho strip of coast from Flume to Trieste so the new state shall abut on Italian territory on that sldo und not be surrounded by Jugo-Slavla Influence. The dan ger of war over this problem Is fad ing. D'AnnunzIo sent word to Paris that he had drafted a manifesto urging both Serbs and Italians to recognize mutual national rights nnd to "main tain the bonds of brotherhood whlcb have been sealed by blood." Apparently Irreconcilable differences between tho several groups are crop ping eat In 'the Industrial conference, as might have been expected. In the first a-Iace, Mr. Gompers, ns head of the labor group Insisted that the con (foronce should arrange for arbitration of the steel strike. His resolution was doomed to defeat, nnd the vote was deferred by order of the confer ence will the steering committee should bring In Its report on collective bargaining. This also was n matter ou which ngrcement seemed almost bnivessible, for labor Insists on the right of workers to bnrgnln through tho unions and to pick Its representa tives from outside the plant or Indus try If It wishes; while cnpltnl declares tho employer should be required to deal only with committees of his own employees. Furthermore, capital says tho plunt mnst be recognized ns the unit, while labor demands thpt tho In dustry he recognized as the uult. In these questions it seems that capital has the support of a considerable part of ti.e public group. Tfeo formers' representatives, who are classed among the capitalists, pre JBCfltcd n statement of principles In whlch these demands of tho agricul turists are set forth: 1. Such returns ns will fairly com pensate them for their capital In vested, their technical skill, their man agwrlal ability, nnd their manual mlior. 2. That they and their families hnvc (Social, educational, and political op portunities equal to those cngnged In .ether Industries. The League of Nations came Into being on October 13, Grcnt Britain, France and Italy having ratified the treaty. Steps wore taken at once look ing to Its regular organization, nnd goodness knows there Is enough for it to do. The United Stntes Is still outside the league and tho contest In the sen nto continues unnbated. Considerable time and much vehement Innguago were devoted last week to debating the proposed Shantung amendment. As we expected, it wax voted down, but almost every senator who spoke In opposition to It, said he favored a reservation on tho snmo lines. Sena tor Shields of Tennessee, Democrat, declared himself In favor of the Lodge reservations and the Johnson amend ment giving the United States ns many votes In the league as Great Britain. Tho administration forces let It be known on Wednesday that they were determined to vote for rejection of the treaty with the Lodgo reservations, and the opposition nt once prepnred to retaliate with a resolution declar ing the war nt an end and restoring the status of pence. The entente allies are disturbed over the American situation because the many commissions provided for In the treaty must he organized very soon. The formnl exchange of ratifications of the treaty which will put It Into '.fTeet wns delayed by tho allies In consequence. Prices of food throughout the Uni ted States hnve fallen almost 25 per cent, according to Attorney General Palmer. But housewives, also through out the United States, arc asking why, If this Is true, they nre forced to pay as much as ever or more when, they visit tho retail dealer. Tho cost of leather and of footwear has dropped 20 per cent since the mid dle of August, says the president of the National Boot and Shoe Manufac turers' association. But the consumer Is still paying exorbitant prices for his shoes, ami the aforesaid president explains that tho shoes now being man ufactured nt reduced cost will not be marketed before next April. Tho tremendous hullabaloo about reducing tho cost of living nnd punish ing the profiteer has dwindled until it can scarcely be heard with tho nld of a microphone. Just nt present tho consumer Is exercised about tho sugar situation which promises to develop Into a fnmlne with 25 cents n pound or more demnnded for the small amounts of sugar to be had. Tho do mestic output Is nowhere near enough, and It seems most of the Cuban crop Is going to Europe. Dealers blame our government for this condition because It limited tho wholesale prlco while European dealers wero willing to puy anything. Attorney General Palmer hns been 'attacked la congress for his-apparent laxity fc dealing with the "red" men ace la the United States, but if th One o tho Jilg Jobs of the League of Nations' will be to settle affairs In the Baltic stntes. Though General von dcr Goltz submitted to his government and resigned, n large part of his army remained In Courhmd and. with a force of Russians, has been making a determined attack nn Riga. Tho Letts rallied to the defense of the city and were aided, uccordlng to teport, by a British fleet. Tho iuom recent dlspntches at this writing say the Rus-so-German forces were being slowly forced hack. The Poles took part In the scrap, attacking the Germans in the rear, capturing Kovno nnd threaten int. the German lines of cnnimunlcatlon. At the same time the nntl-hnlshevlk ruilew in Russia wr steadily crush- The federal trade commission came to hnt ngnln with another of Its reports attacking the big packers, stotlng they now handle more thun 200 food prod ucts not, related to the ment Indus try and hid fair to domlnnto the whole sale grocery trade, dividing the field anions themselves. Of course Hie puckers, this tlnm through Louis B. Swift, declared the trade commission's figures wero great ly exaggerated and tho conclusions based on them utterly absurd. As us ual, the "big five" can supply facts and figures to uphold their entlro Inno cence, hut for some reason the general public hns learned to look askance nt tho statistics these gentlemen produce. This may be due to what the trade com mission cnlls "the maze and secrecy of the packer's methods of conducting much of his business." All legislation enacted by the spe cial session of the legislature which J convened at Lincoln October 8 nnd ad ' Journed October 11, alTected Omaha ( nnd Douglas county alone, the most Important being n bill to provide I county commissioners power to Issue bonds to repair tho court house and re 1 place furniture and records destroyed In tin: recent riot, without submitting the bonds to n vote of the people. Other measures enncted give tho city commissioners of Omulm the right to elect non-residents as chief of police, Inspector of police nnd patrolmen, raises salaries and repeals the civil service provision relating to the police. A conference of mayors of Nebraska, state falr-prlco commissioner, chair men nnd members of county falr-prlco committees and other stnte represen tatives are to convene nt Lincoln No vember 27 ut the request of Governor McKelvlo, to consider plans for co operation with federal officials In tho campaign ngnlnst the high cost of liv ing. United States Attorney General Pnlmer will represent the government at the meeting. Delegates from 82 farmers' co-operative elevator associations met In Omaha a short time ago and formed nn organization to he known as the Na tional Co-opcratlvo company, to tell nnd handle- nil kinds of grain on a real co-operative plan. The capital stock of the company is $2,000,000. Only farmers' co-operative elevator associations may hold or own stock. Tenant Nehrasknns who have rent profiteering landlords nro asked to re port their grievances to the state de partment of flnnncc, division of tax ation, State House, Lincoln. "Wo want to know the iisscsmmI value of the property, present rental charge and the legal location, so wo can Investi gate," says Secretary Phil Bross. Director General Illnes of the rail road administration has notified state officials that more than 1,800 now freight cars, built for eastern traffic, have been diverted to western Nebras ka to transport . surplus wheat to Omaha nnd beet sugar to eabtern points. In order that the school teachers of Schuyler mnymttend tho convention of the State Teachers' association in Omnhu, November 0, 0 and 7, the Board of Education will pay the rail road fare of all tho city teachers to and from Omaha. Tho legality of tho action of the leg islature culling a constitutional con vention is held valid by the state su preme court. The election of dele gates will be held November 4. The convention starts December 2. By a vote of 52 to 24, the lower house, during tho special legislative session nt Lincoln, passed a resolu tion asking Nebrnsku senators In ,'ashlngton to work for tho defeat of Uie league of nations. A. II. Bnckhaus, formerly publisher of the Pierce Leader, has purchased nn Interest In the Columbus Telegram nnd will succeed Lloyd Swuln ns busi ness mnnager (of the puper. The work of laying concrete on the slx-mlle strctcli of federal highway be tween Fremont nnd Ames, stnrted after weeks of delay, is rapidly near Ing completion. Corn buskers in Buffalo county will get eight cents n bushel for their work tills fall, that price having been ngreea upon by the farm bureau members. Ono death from the dreaded Influ enza occurred nt Omaha Just the other day. The few cases reported In the metropolis nro being kept under strict quarantine. More than 5,000 teachers nro ex pected to attend the convention of the Nebraska State Teachers' association nt Omaha, November 5, 0 and 7. Nebraska beet sugar refiners have Indicated their Intention to nblde by the government ruling to Fell sugar at the factory nt 10 cents n pound. Auburn is tho only town In kVcbrns kn so far that has completed tho or ganization of a Natlonul Guard com pany. Virtually all tho soldiers stationed at Omnha following the disorders of September 28 have been withdrawn. Reports read nt tho C2d convention of the Nebraska I. O. O. F. nt York showed that the Odd Fellows nnd Re bekah lodges In this state hnve en Joyed n healthy growth the past year. Tho old Jefferson county court house, built ut Fnlrbury half n cen tury ngo, was sold the other day for 50.550. It Ib to bo fitted up for an eat ing house. Cattle nvernged from $215 to $1,100 per head, and horses from $250 to $200 nt the Kirk Griggs stock salo of Hol steln cattle nnd Shlro horses nt Bea trice. A contract has been uwnrded for tho construction of n $12,000 sewer sys tem nt Wllber. Adjutant General Paul hns received word from Washington that. Nebraska will bo entitled to two appointments to the West Point mllltnry academy, examinations to bo held the first two weeks in December. Governor McKelvIe hns Issued a proclamation setting forth November 7 Fire Prevention Day, and asks that tho dny bo observed by nil private, puhllc nnd pnrochlnl schools with ex ercises appropriate to the subject ..u.....n i..... . .iunuiuii ui a j Slck headacho, biliousness, coateo big refinery In the sugar beet district tonguCf sonr, gassy stomach-nlwoys In the western part of the stnte, Is tho sense of resolutions adopted by the Beatrice local, which bus a member ship of 130. An Investment of $2, 000,000 Is contemplated. With harvest of Nebraska's potato crop nenrly completed, shipments should totnl 2,571, or approximately COO cars more thnn the estimated ship ment of last month, according to gov eminent estimates. This compares with n total of 5,000 cars In UHS, trace this to torpid liver; delayed, fermenting food in the bowels. Poisonous matter clogged in the In testines, Instead of being cast out of the system Is re-absorbed Into the blood. When this poison reaches the delicate brain tissue it causes conges tion and that dull, throbbing, sickening hendnchc. Cascarets immediately cleanse tho stomach, remove the sour, undigested fond and foul gases, take the excess amounting to a -it) per cent decrease Ulc from the Uvcr ttniJ Cftrry out u the constipated wnsto matter nnd pol eons In the bowels. A Cascarct tonight will have yon feeling clear, rosy and as fit ns n fiddle by morning. They work while yoa sleep. Adv. Had Not Made a Choice. They had Just completed the fifth dance three, couples and some thirty odd glrlh nnd they hnd strolled out te the balcony to rest. He, Just out of high school, and she out of high school also. "So." ho said, beginning tho conver sation, "you ore from Indiana?" "You're mighty right," she answered. "Hoosler girl." He stuttered and stammered. "Why ci really " ho said, "that Is, 1 t'on't know I mean I haven't decided yet, who." for tho present yenr Lieutenant B. W. Mnynnrd, winner of the trann-contlnental air race, paid the people of Wahoo, this state, n glowing compliment shortly after land ing at MIncoln, N. Y., for the courtesy extended to himself und observer dur ing their elghlcen-hour stay In thn city when the motor In their plane he came disabled. A mineral company has leased sev eral thousand acres of land along tho range of hills which divides Hcotts Bluff and Banner counties, on which will be employed n largo force of men to remove a volcanic ash deposit, known ns Fuller's earth, or pumlco stone. Although lighting gnmely through out the entire contest the Nehraskn university footbnll squad went down to defeat before tho husky Notro Dnmu accreuatlon nt (Lincoln br a score of 14 to 0, It being the second defeat administered to the Cornhusk ers this season. Reports of political conditions In different counties heard during tho special session of the legislature at Lincoln were to the effect that Gov ernor McKelvlo might not be u candi date for reuonilnntloii. Just beforo the final adjournment of the special leglslntlvo session nt Lincoln n Joint commltteo to consider tho matter of another special session was named to consider the profiteer ing question. Miss Helen nnggard of St Paul, who succumbed as the result of Injur ies received In nn airplane accident In thnt city, Is the first woman In Ne braska to meet death while flying. The state supreme court hnB denied a writ of habeas corpus to Anson B. Cole, sentenced to electrocution ln n,0,t immediate relief. December for the murder of Mrs. Lulu Vogt in Howard county two years ngo. Farmers and business men of Rnrk- ford, Fllley nnd Virginia, Gage county, have pledged $9,000 us a starter for n proposed electric light lino from Holmesvllle through these three towns. The Nebraska Blacksmiths, Horse shoers nnd Wheelwrights' association convention at York voted to boost the prlco of horseshoeing nnd other blnck smltblng work from 10 to 20 per cent The Hastings Board of Education voted to dismiss city schools Novem ber 5, 0 and 7, In order Uiut the teach ers may attend tho Stnte Teachers' convention to be held In Omaha. The federal aid rond, which engin eers nre survevlnc from Hynnnls to Ognllala, nnd which will pass through Arthur and Keystone, Is to bo com pleted early next summer. The contract Just let for pnvlng Lincoln street from Twentieth to the feeble minded Institute nt Rentrlca entails nn expenditure of $55,000. Receipts of nil rnllronds in Ne braska were $81,717,810. for the past year, nccordlng to reports received by tho State Rnllwny commission. Bonds to the nmount of $150,000 wore voted nt u speclnl election nt Nor folk to construct u new high school building. Plans nre being lnld by n number of towns nnd cities In this Etato for the observance of Armistice Dny, Novem ber 11. Work on the construction of a $50,000 sewer system nt Wymore Is to begin In n fow dnys. Mrs. Thomas Gullfoyle sold her Gi0 acre ranch In Dawson county tho other duy for $50,000. A movement Is under wny to organ lzo a band for Sidney nnd Cheyenne county. Several fnrmors nenr Auburn report potato crop yields of 400 bushels nn acre. Although the Salvation Army home service drive fell Bhort nbout fifty per cent, steps have already been taken to start the erection of the nrmy'B young women's boarding building nt Omalm. After January first, when railroads of tho nation nro to -bo returned to their owners, headquarters for nil branch systems of the Union Pacific nro to bo established at Omaha. II. D. NorrlB, pilot of plane No. 87 in tho ocenn-to-ocean nlr race, and his mechnnlclnn, H. J. Meyer, wcro In jured when their mnchlne crashed into a hill while landing nenr Oconto. Farmers of Dnwes county hnvo lost n number of hogs from contagious dlsenscs In tho past few months, County Agent Taylor reports. Governor McKelvlo has stated thaf Douglas county will' not bo required to rclmburso the stnto for the expense of the speclnl session of the legisla ture. A new paving mnp, Just completed for the city of Hastings shows a total of twenty-three miles of paving now In use. Contracts recently awarded will make the city's total above twenty htm mile. PHYSICALLY FIT AT ANY AGE It Isn't age, it's careless living that Euts men "down and out" Keep your iternni organs lu good condition and you wQl always be phjalcolly fit The kidneys arc the moot over worked organs in the human ,body. When they break down under the train and the deadly uric acid ac cumulates and crystallizes look out! These sharp crystals tear and scratch tut delicate urinary channels causing excruciating pain and set up irrita tions which may cause premature de-i AittMt sw1 tttr rfrt turn InEO dmdly Brighfa Disease. . . tii One of tho first warnings of slutSef (rich kidney action is pain or utlilnesa in tho small of the back, loss of appe-, titc, indigestion or rheumatism. Do not wait until tho danger is upon you. At the first indication of trouble go after the causo nt once. Get a trial box of GOLD MEDAL naarlem OH r-.rvonloo Imnnrrrd direct from the Isboratorien in Hollom' .They will give xi ior ut ." ......... il... aiiniill tint. Tonr money be refunded. But bo sure to get GOLD MEDAL. None other is genuine, a esled boxes, tbreo sixes. Adv. Rank hy Christening. Two negroes wero carrying a heavy piece of timber. Both wanted to "boss the Job." "Lay it down here," ordered one. "What you-nll n-talkin' to, man?" ths other demanded. "Does you-nll tblab rou kin boss mo nround like dnt?" "Sure I kin," said tho first darkey, "Mah nnmo Is Low Tennnnt" "Huh I dnt's nothln," responded tb second son of the sunny South "Mah name Is Sum Browne." titato ot Ublo, city ot Toledo, Uueu County ss, .... . Frank J. Cheney malces oath that he U lonlor partner of the Hrm of P. J. Cheney & Co.. dolnjf bualncBs In the City mt To ledo, County and State aforesaid, and that laid nrm- will pay the sum of ONES HUN DRISD DOLLARS for ony case of Catarrh that cannot be cured by .the use ol UALL'8 CATAitmMEDfCINg. Sworn to beforo me and subscribed to my presence, this eth day of December, A. D. 1SSC. . . . ... (Seal) A. W. GteaBon. Notary Public. HAWS CATARRH MEDICINE U takj en Internally and acts thraugti the Bleos on the Mucoub Surfaces of the Srateav. F. J. Chwioy & Co., Toledo, Ohio. F. J. Cheney & Co., Toledo, Ohio. A Just Grievance. "Why nre you so prejudiced against Bertie?" "He was n slacker during the war," said tho discharged doughboy. "It's trno that he didn't go to France, but he clnlms ne i Kept use homo fires burning." . "So he did, tho lounge lizard! Ek kept 'em burning under n chufing dish presided over by tho girl I left be hind me." Cutlcura Soothes Itching Scalp On retiring gently rub spots of dar draff and Itching with Cutlcura Olob meat Next morning shampoo with Cutlcura Soap and hot water. Males them your every-dny toilet preparatloai and bavo a clear skin and soft; whlM hands. -Adv. j Not "Romantlcal." Llttlo Susan's nuntio writes love stories occasionally for magazines. The other day she did a mystery one nnd told the family about it. Little Susan pnssed the news on to her little friend. "Yes, it was n story all right," her mother beard her Bay, "but tt wasn't n romnntlenl one not nearly bo romantlcal as mot she writes are." Animals Slaughtered. It Is estimated by competent author ities that 30 per cent of the leather furnishing anlinnls of Italy have been slaughtered for food purposes during tho war. Some years are necessary recoup these losses. Nlgat aad nferafai.' Haom Strong. thtUtky .HtheyTke,Uch, Smart or Burn, if Sore, Irritated, Inflamed or Granulated, uaeMuria often. Soothe, fresh. Sato far infant or Adult AtallDruggis. Wrltefsr hMEyvBook. mm9pUmttCK,Qtm fS YOUR EVES i , i' ' S i ( "S", -Hf ?" "VI 'r"iV nvnrn lrvrf. SWTWtt'W rwMTn'' wirh wi("'rf v.