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RED OLOUD, NEBRASKA, CHIEF
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PRESIDENT SENDS
I MESSAGE
Address to Congress Is Read by
Regular Reading Clerk.
EXPLAINS HIS STAY ABROAD
Imperative Duty Makes Absence of
Chief Executive Necccsary Sub
ject of Labor Unrest Dealt
With Exhaustively Sugges
tions for Domestic
Legislation.
Washington, May 20. For the llrst
time In history h messugo from the
president of the United Suites, cabled
from Kurope, was read to the congress
today. It was as follows:
"Gentlemen of the Congress: I
deeply regret my Inability to bo pres
ent at tliu opening of the extraordi
nary session of the congress. It still
kooius to bo my duty to take part In
the counsel of the peace conference
nnd contribute what I curt to the solu
tion of the innumerable tmcstlons to
whose settlement It has had to ad
dress Itself; for they are questions
which affect the peace of the whole
world and from them, therefore, the
United .States cannot stand apart. I
deemed It my duty to call the con
gress together at this time because It
was not wise to postpone longer the
provisions which must be made for
the support of the government. Muny
of the appropriations which are abso
lutely necessary for the maintenance
of the government and the fulfillment
of Its varied obligations for the tlscal
year 1SUIM020 have not yet been
made; the end of the present fiscal
year Is at hand; and action upon these
appropriations can no longer be pru
dently delayed. It Is necessary, there
fore, that I should Immediately call
your attention to tills critical need.
It Is hardly necessary for me to urge
that It may receive your prompt at
tention. ' "I shall take the liberty of address
ing you on my return on the subjects
which have most engrossed our at
tention and the attention of the world
.during those anxious months, since
the armistice of last November was
signed, the International settlements
which must form the subject matter
of the present treaties of peace and
of our national action In the Immedi
ate future. It would be premature to
discuss them or to express a Judg
ment about them before they are
brought to their complete formulation
by the agreements which are now be
ing sought at the table of the confer
once. I shall hope to lay them before
you In their many aspects so soon ns
arrangements have been reached.
Rights of the Worker.
"The question which stands nt the
front of all others In every country
amidst the present great awakening Is
the question of labor; and perhaps I
can speak of It with as great advan
tage while engrossed in the considera
tion of Interests which affect all coun
tries" alike as I could at home and
amidst the Interests which naturally
most affect my thought, because they
are the interests of our own people.
"Hy 'he question of labor I do not
mean the question of elllclent indus
trial production, the question of how
labor Is to be obtained and made ef
fective In the great process of sustain
ing populations and winning success
amidst commercial and Industrial
rivalries. I menu that much greater
and more vital question, how are the
men and women who do the dnlly la
bor of the world to obtain progressive
Improvement In the conditions of their
labor, to bo made happier, and to be
served better by the communities and
the industries which their labor sus
tains and ndvances? How are they to
be given their right ndvantagc as citi
zens and human beings?
"We cannot go nny further In our
present direction. Wo lmvo already
gone too far. We cannot live our right
life as a nation or achieve our proper
success as an Industrial community If
capital and labor are to continue to
be antagonistic Instead of being part
ners. If they are to continue to dis
trust one another nnd contrlvo how
they can get the better of one nnother,
or what perhaps amounts to the same
thing, calculate by what form and de
gree of coercion they can manage to
extort on the one hand work enough
to make enterprise profitable, on the
other Justice nnd fair trentment enough
to make life tolerable. That bad road
has turned out a blind alley. It Is no
thoroughfare to real prosperity. We
must llnd another, lending In another
direction and to a very different desti
nation. It must lead not merely to ac
commodation, but also to a genuine
co-operation nnd partnership based
upon a real community of Interest and
participation In control.
"There Is now In fact a rval com
munity of Interest between capital and
labor, but It has never been ninde evi
dent In action. It -can be made oper
ative and manifest only on a now or
ganization of Industry. The genius of
our business men and the sound, prac
tical sense of our workers can certainly
work such n partnership out when once
they realize exactly what It Is that
they seek, and sincerely adopt a com
mon purpose with regard to it.
"Labor legislation lies, of course,
H
FROM
chiefly with the states; but tho nw
spirit and method of organization
which must be effected nro not to be
brought by legislation so much as by
the common counsel nnd voluntary
co-operation of capitalist, mannger ami
workman. Legislation can go only a
very little way In commanding what
shall be done. The organization of In
dustry is a mntter of corporate and
Individual initiative and of practical
business arrangement. Those who re
ally desire a new relationship between
capital and labor can readily find n
way to bring It about; and perhaps
federal legislation can help more than
state legislation could.
Industrial Democratization.
"The object of all reform In this es
sential matter must bo the genuine
democratization of Industry, based ujv
on a full recognition of the right of
thuse vim work, In whatever rank, to
participate In some organic wny In
every decision which directly affects
their welfare or tho part they are to
play In Industry. Some positive legis
lation Is practicable. The congress
has nlready shown the way to one re
farm which should be world-wide, by
establishing the eight-hour day ns the
standard day In every Held of labor
over which It can exercise control. It
has sought to find the way to prevent
child labor and will, I hope and be
lieve, presently llnd It. It has served
the whole country by leading the way
In developing the means of preserving
and safeguarding life and health In
dangerous Industries. It can now help
In tho dlillcult task of giving a new
form and spirit to Industrial organiza
tion by co-ordlnnting the several
agencies of conciliation and adjust
ment which have been brought Into ex
istence by the difficulties nnd mistaken
policies of the present muungcincnt of
Industry, and by setting up and devel
oping new federal agencies of advice
and information which may serve as a
clearing limine for the best experi
ence and best thought on this great
matter, upon which every thinking
man must be aware that the future de
velopment of society directly depends.
Agencies of International counsel and
suggestion are presently to be created
In connection with the league of na
tions In this very field; but It Is na
tional action and the enlightened pol-1
ley of Individuals, corporations and so
cieties within each nation that must
bring about the actual reforms. The
members of the committee on labor In
the two houses will hardly need sug
gestions from me as to what means
they shall seek to make the federal
government the agent of the whole na
tion In pointing out, and If need be,
guiding the process of reorganization
und reform.
Duty to Returning Soldiers.
"I am sure that It Is not necessary
for me to remind thnt there Is one
Immediate and very practical question
of labor that we should meet In the
most liberal spirit. We must see to It
that our returning soldiers are assist
ed In every practicable wuy to llnd
the places for which they ure fitted
in the dally work of this country.
This cun be done by developing and
maintaining upon an adequate scale
the admirable organization created by
the department of labor for placing
men seeking work; and It can also be
done, In at least one very great Held,
by creating new opportunities for In
dividual enterprise. The secretnry of
the Interior has pointed out. the wny
by which returning soldiers may be
helped to find and take up laud In
the hitherto undeveloped regions of
the country which the federal govern
ment hns already prepared or can
readily prepare for cultivation and
also on many of the cut-over or neg
lected areas which He within the lim
its of the older states; and I once
more -take the liberty of recommend
ing very urgently that his plans shall
receive the immediate and substantial
support of the congress.
"I'oeullur and very stimulating con
ditions await our commerce and In
dustrial enterprise In the Immediate
future. Unusual opportunities will
present themselves to our merchants
and producers In foreign markets, and
large fields for profitable Investment
will be opened to our free capital.
Hut It Is not only of that that I am
thinking; It Is not chiefly of thnt that
I am thinking. Many great Industries
prostrated by the war wait to bo re
habilitated, in many parts of tho
world where what will bo lacking Is
not brains or willing hnuds or or
ganizing capacity or experienced skill
hut machinery and raw materials and
cnpltal. I believe that our business
men, our merchants, our manufactur
ers, nnd our capitalists will have tho
vision to see thnt prosperity In one
part of the world ministers to pros
perity everywhere; that there is in a
very true sense a solidarity of Inter
est throughout the world of enter
prise, and that our dealings with the
countries thnt hnvo need of our prod
ucts and our money will teach them
to deem us more than ever friends
whose necessities wo seek In the right
way to serve.
Future Commerce.
"Our new merchant ships, which
have in some quarters been feared as
destructive rivals, may prove helpful
rivals, rather, and common servants
very much needed and welcome. Our
great shipyards, new and old, will be
so opened to tho use of tho world
that they will prove Immensely serv
iceable to every nuirtlnie peoplu In re
storing, much more rapidly than
would otherwise have been possible,
tho tonnage wantonly destroyed In the
war. I have only to suggest that there
are many points nt which wo can
facilitate American enterprise in for
eign trade by opportune leglslatlor
and make It easy for American mer
chant ships where they will bo wel
comed ns friends rnthor than ns
dreaded antagonists. America hns n
great and honorable service to per
form In bringing tho commercial
und Industrial undertakings of the
world back to their old scope nnd
swing again, and putting a solid
structure of credit under them. Our
legislation should be friendly to such
plans nnd purposes.
"And credit and enterprise alike will
be quickened by timely and helpful
legislation with regard to' taxation. I
hope that the congress will tlntl It pos
sible to undertake an early reconsid
eration of federal taxes. In order to
make our system of taxation more .sim
ple and easy of administration and the
tnxes themselves as little burdensome
as they can bo made and yet sulllce
to support the government and meet
nil Its obligations. The figures to
which these obligations have arisen
are very great Indeed, but they are not
so great as to make It dlillcult for the
nation to meet them, and meet them,
perhaps, In a single generation, by
taxes which will neither crush nor dis
courage. They are not so great as
they seem, not so great ns the Im
mense sums we have had to borrow,
added to the Immense sums we have
had to raise b.f taxation, would seem
to Indicate; for a very large propor
tion of these sums were raised in order
that they might be loaned to the gov
ernments with which we were associ
ated In the war, ami those loans will,
of course, constitute assets, not liabil
ities and will not have to be taken
care of by our tax-payers.
Equitable Taxation.
"The main thing we shall have to
care for Is that our taxation shall rest
as lightly as possible on the productive
resources of the country, thnt Its rates
shall be stable, and that It shall be
constant In Its revenuo-yleldlng pow
er. We have found the main sources
from which It must be drawn. I take
It for granted that its mainstays will
henceforth be the Income tax, the ex
cess profits tux and the estate tax. All
these can be so adjusted to yield con
stant and adequate returns and yet
not constitute a too grievous burden
on the taxpayer. A revision of the In
come tax has already been provided for
by the act of IMS, but I think you will
find that further changes can be made
to advantage both In the rates of the
tax und In the method of Its collection.
The excess profits tax need not long
be maintained at the rates which were
necessary while the enormous expense
of the war had to be borne; but It
should lie made the basis of a perma
nent system which will reach undue
profits without discouraging the enter
prise nnd activity of our business men.
The tax on Inheritances ought, no
doubt, to be reconsidered in Its rela
tion to the fiscal systems of tho sev
eral states, but It certainly ought to
remain a permanent part of the fiscal
system of the federal government also.
"Many of the tnlmr taxes provided
for In the revenue legislation of 1017
and 191S, though no doubt made neces
sary by the pressing necessities of the
war time, can hardly find sufllclent
Justification under the ensler circum
stances of peace, and can now happily
be got rid of. Among these, I hope you
will agree, are tho excises upon vari
ous manufactures nnd the taxes upon
retail sales. They are unequal In the
Incidence on different Industries and
on different Individuals. Their collec
tion Is dlillcult and expensive. Those
which nro levied upon articles sold at
retail are largely evaded by the read
justment of nnll prices. On the other
hand, I should assume that It Is ex
pedient to maintain a considerable
range of Indirect taxes; and the fact
that alcoholic liquors will presently
no longer afford a source of revenue
by taxation makes It the more neces
sary that the Held should be carefully
restudled In order that equivalent
sources of revenue may bo found
which It will be legitimate, and not
burdensome, to draw upon. Hut you
have at hand In the treasury depart
ment ninny experts who can advise
you upon tho matters much better than
I can. I cau only suggest tho lines of
u permanent and workable system,
mill the placing of the tuxes where
they will least hamper the life of the
people.
"There Is, fortunately, no occasion
for undertaking In the Immediate fu
ture, any general revision of our sys
tem of Import duties. No serious dan
ger of foreign competition now threat
ens American Industries. Our country
has emerged from the war less dis
turbed and less wenkenod than any of
tho European countries which are crur
competitors In manufacture. So far
from there being any danger or need
of accentuated foreign competition, It
Is likely that the conditions of the
next few years will greatly facilitate
the marketing of American manufac
tures abrond. Least of all -should we
depart from the policy adopted In the
tariff act of lOlil, of permitting tho
free entry Into the United States of
the raw materials needed to supple
ment and enrich our own abundant
supplies.
"Nevertheless, there are parts of our
tariff system which need prompt in
tention. Tho experiences of the war
have made It plain that In some cases
too' great rcllnnce on forelgnsupply Is
dangerous, ami thnt in determining
certain parts of our tariff policy do
mestic considerations must bo borne
In mind which are political as well as
economic. Among the Industries to
which special consideration should be
given Is that of the manufacture of
dyestuffs and related chemicals. Our
complete dependence upon Gorman
supplies before tho war made the In
terruption of trnde a cnuso of excep
tional economic disturbance. The
close relation betweti the manufac
turer of dyestuffs, on the one hand,
and of explosives and poisonous gases,
on the other, moreover, has given tho.
Industry an exceptional significance
nnd value. Although tho United Stntes
will Kindly and unhesitatingly Join in
the progress of International disarma
ment, It will, nevertheless, be a policy
of obvloiii prudence to make certain
of the sii. t'cssftil maintenance of many
strong nnd well-equipped chemical
plants, ilie (ionium chemical Indus
try, win. which we will be brought
Into competition, was and may well be
iigaln, a thoroughly knit monopoly
capable ..f exercising competition of u
peculiar, Insidious and dnngerou!
kind.
"The 1 "lilted States should, more
over, have the menus of properly pro
tecting itself whenever our trade Is
discriminated against by foreign na
tions, In order flint we may be assured
of that equality of trentment which
we hope to accord and to promote the
world ocr. Our tariff laws as they
now stand provide no weapon of re
tallatlon in case other governments
should enact legislation unequal In Its
bearing on our products as compared
with the products of other countries.
Though we are as far as possible from
desiring to enter upon any course of
retaliation, wo must frankly face the
fact thnt hostile legislation by other
nation is not beyond the range of
possibility, and that It may have to be
met by counter-legislation. This sub
ject has. fortunately, been exhaustive
ly Investigated by the United States
tariff commission. A recent report of
that commission makes very clear that
we lack and thnt we ought to have the
Instruments necessary for the insur
ance of equal and equitable treatment.
The attention of the congress hns been
called to this matter on past occasions,
and the past measures which are now
recommended by the tariff commission
nre suhstuntlully the same that hnvo
been suggested by previous udmlnls
tratlons. I recommend flint Ids tiliasc
of the tariff question receive the early
attention of the congress.
"Will you lurt permit me, turning
from these matters, to apeak onco
more, ami very earnestly, of the pro
posed amendment to the constitution
which would extend the suffrage to
women ami which passed the house of
representatives at the last session rf
congress? It seems to me that every
consideration of Justice and of public
advantage calls for the Immediate
adoption of that amendment und Its
submission forthwith to the legisla
tures of the several states. Through
out all the win-Id tills long delayed ex
tension of the suffrage Is looked for;
In the raited States longer, I believe
thnn anywhere else, the necessity for
It, nnd the Immense ndvnntuge of It to
tho national life, has been urged and
debated, by women and men who snw
tho need for It and urged the policy of
It when It required steadfast courage
to be ho much beforehand with the
common conviction; and I, for one,
covet for our country the distinction
of being among tho first to act In n
great reform.
"The telegraph and telephone lines
will of course be returned to their
owners so soon ns the retrnnsfer enn
bo effected without administrative
confusion, so soon that Is, as the
change can be made with least possi
ble inconvenience to the public and to
the owners themselves. The railroads
will be handed over to their owners at
the end of the calendar year; If I were
In Immediate contnet with the udmlnls
tra'lve questions which must govern
the retrnnsfer of the telegraph and
telephone lines. I could name the ex
act date for their return ulso. Until
I inn In direct conflict with the practi
cal questions Involved I can only sug
gest in tho cose of the telegraphs and
telephones, as In the case of tho rail
ways, It Is clearly desirable In the pub
lic Interest that some lcglslntlon
should bo considered which mny tend
to make of these Indispensable Instru
mentalities of our modern life u uni
form and co-ordlnuted system which
will afford those who use them as com
plete and certain means of communl
catlin with nil parts of the country us
has so long been afforded by tho postal
system of the government, und nt
rates as uniform and Intelligible. Ex
pert advice Is, of course, available In
this very practical matter, and the
public Interest Is manifest. Neither
the telegraph nor the telephone serv
ice of the country can lie said to be In
nny sense a national system. There
nre many confusions nnd Inconsisten
cies of rat en. The scientific means by
which communication by such Instru
mentalities could bo rendered more
thorough nnd satisfactory has not been
made full use of,
"The demobilization of tho military
forces of the country has progressed
to such a point that It seems to me en
tirely nfo now to remove the ban up
on the manufacture and sale of wine
and beers, but I nm advised that with
out further legislation I hnvo not the
legal authority to remove the present
restrictions. I therefore recommend
that the act approved November 21,
1018. entitled "An net to enable the
secretary of ngrlcultiiro to carry out
during the 'fiscal year ending .Tune ItO.
1011), the purpose of the net entitled
"An act to provide further for the na
tional security nnd defense by stimu
lating agriculture and facilitating the
distribution of ngrciiltural pproducts."
and f'r other purposes, be amended or
repealed In sir far as It applies to
wines and beers.
"I sincerely trust that I shall very
soon be nt my post In Washington
again to report upon the mutters
whlchMiindo my presence nt the pence
table apparently Imperative, and to
put myself nt tho service of tho con
gress In every matter of administra
tion or counsel that may seem to de
mand executive action or advice.
"WOOIMIOW WILSON."
LIFT CORNS OFF
IT DOESN'T HURT
With fingers I Corns lift out and
costs only few cents
Tain? No, not one bltl Just drop
a llttlo Kreezone on thnt touchy corn,
Instantly It stops aching, then you lift
thnt bothersome corn right off. Yes,
magic 1 Costs only a few cents.
Try Krcozono I Your druggist Rolls n
tiny bottle, sutllclent to rid your feet of
every hard corn, soft corn, or corn
between tho toes, and calluses, without
one particle of pain, soreness or irri
tation. Kreezone is tho mysterious
ether discovery of n Cincinnati genius.
What Esau Sold.
Hobby was entertaining tho nlr pilot
who was waiting to seo his sister.
"Fancy," said Hobby, "llylng ma
chines ure mentioned in the Hlble."
"Aro they really?" asked tho Inter
ested sub.
"Well, In his sermon this morning
tho vicar said that Ksau sold his heir
ship to his brother Jncob," replied
Hobby. Stray Stories.
Cutlcura for Sore Hands.
Sonk hands on retiring in the hot euds
of Cutlcura Sonp, dry nnd rub In Cu
tlcura Ointment. Removo surplus
Ointment with tlsstio pnper. TIiIb Is
only one of tho things Cutlcura will do
If Soap, Ointment nnd Talcum aro used
for nil toilet purposes. Adv.
MERELY PIECE OF FOOLING
Course Taken by Germany Resembles
Closely Neat Trick That la
Credited to Sheridan.
"Tho Germans, by fooling us with
German bolshevlsm, hoped to escnpe
the payment of war Indemnities," snld
a congressman.
"It reminds me of a story nbout
Sheridan, tho spendthrift playwright.
"Gunter, tho confectioner, left his
statement with Sheridan one morning,
nnd n few hours later Hanson, the
Ironmonger, called.
"Hanson was very pressing on the
subject of his account. Ho harangued
and he harangued. Sheridan, broke,
as usunl, paced the floor In despair.
"But suddenly an Idea struck the
spendthrift and ho snld:
"'You know Gunter?'
"Ono of tho safest men In Lon
don,' Hanson replied.
"Then you will be satisfied if I
fc-lvo you his bill for the amount?'
" 'Certainly.'
"Sheridan thereupon handed tho
Ironmonger Guntcr's nently folded ac
count, snatched up his lint and rushed
forth."
Old-Fashioned.
"They nro old-fashioned children."
"That so?"
"Yes. They even obey their par
ents." Ominous.
"I don't notice anything of n music
rack nbout here." "Just wait until
you hear Salllo begin to play."
YTK
ml
H-M'I-IMM-I-I-IM-I'I'I'I'I'H'M'rrM-I-I-I-H-I'M-M'MIIMH.l.
Is Your Table Drink
A Real Part of the Meal?
There's no food value in coffee or tea.
They are only accompaniments to tho
meal.
POSTUM CEREAL
is part of the meal and a right royal
part, as one well .knows who enjoys a
hot, full-flavored cup of this snappy,
invigorating drink.
i
Why do hundreds of thousands of
Americans now drink Postum in pref
erence to coffee?
The better health from a 10 days' trial
in your home will tell.
Postum is boiled just like coffee (15
minutes after boiling begins), is a bev
erage of rich, delicious flavor, and
economical.
:: Two sizes, usually
WrtM&l-l'l"l-llMl,ll-lW
Suffered for Years
Miserable From Kidney Trouble.
Doan's Made Nr. Barnett
Strong and Well,
"I suffered untold agony with ray
kidneys for yearn," says John Barnett.
30 VirRitila Place. Buffalo, N. Y.
"Sometimes I felt that I would bum
up with fever, but every now and then
would have a severe chill. Often my
cioiuci were wringing
wet with perspira
tion. Tho kidney se
cretions wero un
natural in color and
odor and burned ter
ribly. At night my
shoes -were so tight
on my feet that I
could hardly get them
off nnd my hands
swelled so I couldn't
hold a teacup. My
back I Oh. how ft
ached I I walked with
Mr. Binrtt
two canes and was all bent over like
an nged man. When the terrible pains
shot through my kidneys, my knees
would aivo way nnd many times I bad
to be lifted to my feet by people on
the street. I didn't cam whether I
lived or died, I was so miserable. I
finally used Doan'a Kidney Pills and
they cured me of all kidney trouble.
Doan'a made me strong and well."
Stcorn to before me,
A. A. WILCOX, Com. of DeeiW.
Gat Doan't ! An? Slot, 60s abo
DOAN'S "iSEST
FOSTER.M1LDURN CO- BUFFALO. N. Y.
Value of Canadian Farm Land.
In the annual report of the Cana
dian bureau of statistics, recently Is
sued, It appears that tho average value
of farm land In the dominion, Includ
int; Improved und unimproved land
buildings, was $10 uu aero In 1018.
The averago wub $41 In 1017, $-11 1b
11)10, $10 In lUin, and $38 In 1014.
Catarrh Cannot Be Cured
by LOCAL, Al'I'JUCATlONS. aa they
cannot reach tho scat of tho dltsas.
Catarrh Is a local dlseaso. irroatly Influ
enced by constitutional conditions. HALL'S
CATAitrtH MKDICINK will euro catarr
It Is taken Internally and. nets tlirouca
the niood on tho Muroun Surfaces of tn
System. HALL'S CATAUUU MEDICINB
In composed of aomo of the best tontca
known, combined with aomo of the bast
blood purifiers. Tho perfect combination
nf thn Ingredients In HALL'S CATAUUU
MRDICINK Is what produces such woa
derftil roBiittn In catarrhal conditions,
DntRglntn 75c. Testimonials free.
P. J. Cheney & Co., Props., Toledo, O.
LOOKED LIKE LABOR WASTED
Board's Visit Over, Small Boy Couldn't
See Further Necessity for So
Much Soap antd Water.
IIo was a new llttlo boy at tho or
phanage and was much Impressed by
nil the scrubbing nnd cleaning he saw
done there, more so because ho had
Come from a home In which disorder
nnd dirt hnd held sway. ITo could
not understand It; more than that,
It Irrltnted him, nnd when ho got the
Job of scrubbing tho dining-room steps
ho was almost ready to leave.
But just then camo a new excite
ment to tho home. Tho bonrd was
coming to make Its annual tour of In
spection, und the clennlng was dou
bled. "Get rendy for tho board," was
the homo watchword, It seemed, and
he, being very human, decided to Btaj"
until that big event was over.
Tho day of visiting camo and passed,
The next morning tho new youngster
sought tho matron. "Now that them
boards has been here, I don't seo nd
use of scrubbing them steps so often
do you?" ho asked.
Appropriate.
Outside Brussels Is n largo month,
ment of n Germnn general. When the
allies started to advance last year,
soino wit placed n handling with the
words "To Berlin" printed on, In the
outstretched bund of tho monument
Very Likely.
"What killed' your caso In court?"
"I guess It was the fact of Its b
lng a short circuit court."
sold at 15c and 25c. $
m