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About The Red Cloud chief. (Red Cloud, Webster Co., Neb.) 1873-1923 | View Entire Issue (May 15, 1919)
i. Mf!n;Mi, KED CLOUD, NEBRASKA, CHIEF ft GREAT PEACE PACT WITH GERMANY IS GIVEN IN SUMMARY Substance of the Treaty Which Was Handed to Delegates at Versailles Palace. LEAGUE OF NATIONS FIRST llsacc Lorraine, Saar Dasln, Danzig, Poland and Other Territory Lopped Off German War Power Reduced to Minimum Wllhelm to Be Tried. Herewith Ih tho olllelitl summitry of tho Brent pence treaty which was hand ed by the representatives (if the allied nations to tltu German delegates at Versailles: Tlio prenmblr names as part I on of the on part the t'nltpil States. Hie British emplrr, France, Italy ami Ja pan, described an tllu five allied and nssoclnted powers, and Belgium, Bo livia. Brazil, China, Culm. Ecuador. . Orecce. Uuutcitnila, Haiti, the Hedjaz, llondyritii, Liberia, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Houmnnln, Ser bia, Slnm, Czccho-SIovakla nnd Urti Kuay, who with the live above are de scribed an tho allied and associated powers; and on the other part. Ger many; t Section One League of Nations. Tho covenant of tho league of na tions constitutes Section 1 of tho pcaco treaty, which places upon tho league many specific In addition to Its Kuncrnl duties. It may question Germany at any tlmo for a violation of tho neutral ised zone enst of tho Ilhlue iih a threat against tho world's peace. It will ap- Bolnt three of tho live members of tho anr commission, oversee Hb regime and carry out tho plebiscite. It will appoint tho hlffh commissioner of Dan- fB, KUaranteo the Independence of tho rco city and arrange for treaties be tween Danzig and Germany nnd Po land. It will work out the mandatory system to bo applied to tho former German colonies, nnd net as a final court In part of thu plebiscites of tho , Relglan-Germnn frontier, and In dis putes as to tho Kiel canal, and decide certain of the economic and financial problems. An International conferuncu on labor Is to bo held In October under Its direction, nnd another on tho Inter national control of ports, wnterways and railways Ih foreshadowed. Section Two Boundaries of Germany. Germany cedes to France Alsace-Lorraine, 6.000 square miles of It In tho southwest, and to Belgium two small dis tricts between Luxemburg nnd Holland, totalling DM) square miles. She alflo cedes to Poland tho southeastern tip of Silesia beyond and Including Oppeln, most of Poscn and West Prussia, 27.KS0 square miles, EnBt Prussia being Isolated from tho main body by a part of Poland. Ger many loses sovereignty over tho north easternmost tip of Hast Prussia. 40 square miles north of tho river Memo), and the Internationalized areas about Danzig. 729 square miles, and the basin of the Sanr, 738 oquaro miles, between the western bor der of tho Ilhenlsh palatlnato of Bavaria and tho southeast corner of Luxemburg. The Dnnzlg area consists of the V be tween the Nogat nnd Vistula rivers madn Into a W by the addition of a similar V on the west Including tho city of Danzig. The southeastern third of East Prussia and the area betweon East Prussia and the Vistula north of latitude 63 degrees threo minutes Is to have Its nationality determined by popular vote, 6.7S5 square miles, as Is to bo tho case in part of Schleswlg, 2,787 square miles. Section Three European Political Classes. BELGIUM. Germany Is to consent to the abrogation of the treaties of 1S39 by which Belgium was established as a neu tral state and to agree In advance to any convention with which tho allied and as. epclated powers may dotermlno to replace thorn. Blie Is to recognize tho full sover eignty of Belgium over tho contested ter ritory of Moresnet and over part of Vrusslan Moresnet. 'and to renounco In Avpr of Belgium nil rights over tho cities If Lupen and Malmcdy, the Inhabitants of which are to be entitled within six months to protest agnlnst this change of sovereignty either In whole or In part, tho nnal decision to bo reserved to the league of nations. A commission Is to settlo the details of the frontier, and various regu lotions for change of nationality are laid LUXEMBOURG. - Germany renounces her various treaties and conventions with the Krone! duchy of Luxembourg, rccog pises that It ceased to be a part or the German zollyereln from January 1 last, renounces oil right of exploitation of tho railroads, adheres to the abrogation of Its n.utrnl ty. and accepts In advance any Uif7?ItI.Si,.aI, "Krfcmont as to It. reached by the allied and associated powers LK.51!. "A5VK OF TIIK IUIINi:A. provided n the military clauses. Grr" many vtlll not maintain any fort men tions or armed form. Iras than "fly kilometer, to the enst of the IlhlnV, bold any maneuvers, nor mnlntaln any works to facilitate moblilintlon. In case of violation, "she shall be re garded as committing ir- hostllo net against the powers who sign the pres ent treaty and na Intending to disturb the peace of the world." "Itv vlrtlla nt M, . n.....t . ... Germany Bhnll be bound to respond to any request for nn explanation which the council of the louguo of nations may( think It necessary to address to ALSACE-LORRAINE. After recog nition of the mornl obligation to re pair tho wrong done In 1871 by Ger many to France and tho people of Alsace-Lorraine, tho territories ceded to Germany by tho treaty of Frankfort are restored to Franco with their front era as before 1871. to date from the signing of tho nrmlstlce, and to bo free of nil public debts. Citizenship Ih regulated by detailed provisions distinguishing those who are Immediately restored to full French citizenship, thoso'who havo to mnko formal application therefor, nnd those for whom naturalization Is open nftor three years. The last-named class In cludes German residents In Alsace Lnrmlno. as distinguished from those who acquire the position of Alsace Lorraine as detlncd In the treaty. All public property and all prlvato proper ty of German ex-sovcrelgns passeB to I-ranee .without payment or credit. 1- ranee Is substituted for Germany aa regards ownership of the railroads and rlBhtn over concessions of tramways. Tho Rhine bridges paBs to Franco with tho obligation for their upkeep. THE SAAU. In compensation for tho destruction of coal mines In north ern 1' ranee and ns payment on ac count of reparation, Germany codes to trance full ownership of the coal mines of the Saar basin with their subsidiaries, accessories and facilities. Their value will bo estimated by the reparation commission and credited against that account. The French rights will be governed by German law In force at tho armistice excepting wnr legislation, Franco replacing the proa cnt owners whom Germnny undertakes to Indemnify. France will continue to furnleh tho present proportion of coal for local needs and contribute In Just proportion to local taxes. Tho basin extends from tho frontier of Lorrnlno as re-annexed to Franco north as far as St. wendel. Including on tho west the valley of the Saar as far as Baar holzbach and on tho oast tho town of Homburg. In order to secure the rights and welfare of the population nnd guaran tee to I-rnnco entire freedom In work ing tho mines, tho territory will bo governed by a commission appointed bv the league of nations nnd consisting of five members, one French, one a native Inhabitant of the Sour ul threo repre senting threo different countries other than France and Germany. The league will appoint a member of the commission ns chairman to act as executive of the commission, Tho commission will hava all powers of government formerly be longing to the German empire, Prussia and Bavaria, will administer tho rnllroads and other public services and havo full power to Interpret tho trenty clauses. The local courts will continue but subject to the commission. After lirtcen years a plebiscite will bo held by (oimnuncs to ascertain tho de sires of tho population as to continuance of the existing regime under tho lengue of nations, union Willi Franco or union with Germnny. Section Four European Political Classes. GERMAN AUSTRIA. Germany rec ognise the total Independence of Ger man Austria In the liniitidiirlr traced. C.ECIIO-HI.OVAKI A Germany rec ognizes tho entire Independence of tho Czeeho-Slovnk Htntu, Including the au tonomous territory of the Hutheulnns south of tho Carpathians, and accepts tho frontiers of tills state- as to bo de termined, which In tho caso of the Ger man frontier shall follow thu frontier of Bohemia In 1914. Tho usual stipu lations as to acquisition and change of nationality follow. POLAND- Germany cedes to Poland the gicatcq part up upper Silesia, Poaeu and tho prnvlnco of West Piuaslu, on thu left bank of the VIhUiIu. A llciil boundary cnuilnlHtdou of sewnlive representing thu allied and nssoclnted powers and one each leprcacnting Poland and Germany shall bo constituted within 16 dayri of the peace to delimit tills boundary. Such special provisions as nro liec exiviry to protect racial, linguistic or lellgluila mi norities and to protect freedom of tran sit and equitable treatment of lommurce of other nationa shall bo laid down In n subsequent treaty between tho five allied and associated powers and Poland, EAST PKL'BSIA-Tho southern nnd the eastern frontier of East Prussia Is to be fixed by plebiscites, the first In thu re gency of Allensteln between tho south ern frontier of East Prussia and the northern frontier of Reglcrungsbcslrk Allensteln, from whero It meets the boundary between Enst and West Prus sia to Its Junction with thu boundary be tween tho circles of Oletsko and Augers burg, thence thu northern boundary of Oletsko to its Junction with the prchent frontier, ami thu second In the area com prising the circles of Stubm and Rocn burg nnd the parts of tho circles of Ma rlcnhurg nnd Marlenwerder east of the Vistula. In each caso German troops nnd au thorities will nyvc out within ID days of tho peace and the territories be placed under nn International commission of live members appointed by the live alllrd and associated powers, with tho particular duty of arranging a free, fair and secret vote. The commission will report tho re HUlts of the plebiscites to tlje five powers with a recommendation for the boundnry and will terminate. Its work as soon ns thu boundary lina been laid down and the new authorities set up. Tho live allied and associated powers will draw up regulations assuring East Prussia full and equitable acceHH to anil uso of tho Vistula. A subsequent con vention, of which tho terms will bo fixed by tho five allied and associated powers, will be entered Into between Poland, Germany and Danzig, to nssure suitable railroad communication across German territory on the right bnnk of tho Vistula between Poland nnd Danzig, whllo Poland shall grant free passage from Enst Prus sia to Germany. The northeastern corner of EnBt Prus sia about Memcl Is to be ceded by Ger many to thu associated powers, the for mer agreeing to accept tho settlement made, especially as regards tho nation ality of thu Inhabitants. DANZIG Danzig and tho district Im mediately about It Is to be constituted Into tho "free city of Dnnzlg" under tho guaranty of tho league of nntlons. A high commissioner appointed by the leaguo and resident nt Danzig shall draw up u constitution In agreement with the duly appointed representatives of tho city and shall deal In the first ItiHtuuce with nil differences arising be tween tho city and Poland. Tho actual boundaries of the city shall bo delimited by a commission nppolnted within six months from tho tieaco and to Include three representatives chosen by thu allied nnd associated powers and one each by Germany and Poland. A convention, the terms of which shall bo fixed by tho II vo allied audi associated powers, shall bo concluded between Po land and Danzig, which shall Include Dan zig within the Polish customs frontiers, though a free area In the port; Insure to Poland thu frcu use of all tho city's waterways, docks and other port facili ties, the control nnd administration of the Vistula and the wholo through railway systems within tho city, nnd postal, tele graph and telephonic communication be tween Poland nnd Danzig; provide against discrimination against Poles within tho city and place Its foreign relations and tho diplomatic protection of its cltlzena abroad In cbnrge of Poland. DENMARK Tho frontier between Ger mnny nnd Denmark will be fixed by the self-determination of tho population. Ten dnya from the pence German troops nnd authorities shall evacuate tho region north of tho linn running from tho mouth of the Schlel, south of Kappel, Schleswig and Frledrlchstadt, along the Elder to tho North sea, south of Tonnlng; the workmen's and soldiers' council shnll bo dissolved, nnd the territory administered by nn International commission of five, of whom Norway and Sweden shall be In vited to name two. lini.fiOI.ANl. The fortification, military establishments nnd liarlmrN of the Islands of llelstnlnnd and Dune ore to be destroyed under the supervision of the nlllr by Oermnn labor ami nt Germany' expense. They mny not be reconstructed for nny similar fortifica tion hull! In the future, RUSSIA, Germany agreea to respect as permanent nnd Inalienable tho Inde pendency of all territories which were part of the former Russian empire, to accept the abrogation of the Brest- i.movbk and otner treaties entered into with the Maximalist government of Russia, to recognlzo the full force of all treaties entered Into by tho allied am! associated powers with states which were a part of the former Rus sian empire and to recognize the fron tiers ns determined thereon. Tho al lied and associated powers formally re serve tho right of Russia to obtain res titution and reparation of the princi ples of the present treaty. Section Five German Rights Outside Europe Outside Europe Germany renounces nil rights, titles and privileges an to her own or her allies' territories to all the allied and associated powers, and undertakes to accept whatever meas ures are taken by tho ftvo allied pow ers In relation thereto. COLONIES AND OVERSEAS POS SESSIONS Germany renounced In tu tor of the alllrd nud associated power her oversea possessions Tilth nil rights nnd title therein. All mot able nnd Immovnble property belonging to the German empire or to any German Ntatr shnll pnsa to the goterumeut ex ercising authority therein. These governments may make what ever provisions seem suitable for the repatriation of Oermnn nationals and as to tho conditions on which German subjects of European origin shall re side, hold property or carry on busi ness. Germany undertakes to pay rep aration for dnmage suffered by French nationals In tho ICameruns or Its fron tier zone through the nctB of German civil and military authorities and of Individual Germans from January 1. 1900, to August 1. 1914. Germnny renounces all rights under the conventions of November 4, 1911, and September 29. 1913, and undertakes to pay to Franco In accordance with an estimate presented by the repatriation commission nil deposits, credits, ad vances, etc.. thereby secured, Ger many undertakes to accept and observe nny provisions by thu allied and asso ciated powers aa to the trade In arms and spirits In Africa us well as to the general act of Berlin of 18SG and the general act of Brussels of 1890. Dip lomatic protection to Inhabitants of former German colonies Is to bo given by the governments exercising author ity. CM UNA. Germany renounces In fnvor of China nil privileges and Indumnittus resulting fiom tho Boxer protocol of iiwl, and all buildings, wharves, barracks, forts, munitions of warships, wireless plants and other public property except diplomatic or corsular estab.ttf'ments In iVTOIOIOXOXOIOXOXOXOTOJ tho German concessions of Tientsin and W -"'-'" h Hankow and In other Chines territory : HIGH 6POT8 IN PEACE A oxcept Klaochow aid agrees to roturn !J , ,i TDC,TU , A to China nt her own expense all the r, ilntAlYi a, astronomical Instruments seized In Vift, -J . A. China will, howeve-, take no measures J j for disposal of Oermnn property in the Alsace. Lorraine. noes to A legation quarter at Pckin without the , AI8aco "rraino goes to consent of tho tiowers sl-inatory to tl o A France. A tinxnr nrnrnrni. t.nrrnrmv i.rcpnin iim n nlirnimf inn nf tlin rfinrfslnno nt Ilnnlrntt A and TinntMn, China ngrueiti,; to open thum ri iniariiniinnni iaa " -.. ts. ww. .. , ail treaties and arrangements with the M'"1'!?" .VT: SI'B..!l',lt,.r!uk.1B.not to lions HH lO mo- (I other powers, es of the French cs the capltula- roeco between Frame and other powers, necepiB an me consequences oi tne r runci protectorate anu renounces tne capituia ln!v,m ..,.!! , hOWT. Germany recognizes tho nrlt- V Ish protectorate over Egypt declared on W December is 1914, and rciio.inceM as from JJ August 4. 1914, tho capitulation and all ,; .iiihiin. i. j?n, uiu ;11JIIUIIIIIUI1 rum It II tho treaties, agreements, etc., concluded by her with Limit. She undertakes not to Intervene In any negotiations nbout Egypt between Great Britain and other powers. Thorn nre provisions for Jurisdiction over German nationals and property nnd for German consent to nny changes whlili may be made In relation to the commis sion of public debt. Germany conetitH to tlin ffnttafn. I,. Ilrniil l.clfnl. ,if ftw. ..n... ers given to the late sultan of Turkey J vir. ki.ii iu uic line riiiiiin ul juiiiey for securing the free tingnllon of the Htier. canal. Arrangements n(r property belonging to German nationals In Egypt are mado similar to those In the case of Morocco and other countries. Anglo- Egyptian goods entering Germany shall enjuv thu same treatment as Ilrltls.i I'tinila countries bv Germany oi' her nationals and not neait wnn eisewnere , SHANTUNG. Germnny cede to Jn pnn nil rights, titles and iirUlleue. nn. tnlilr ns tn Klnm-liiMT, nnd the rail road, in I n rs nnd entiles iininlred liy her treaty with C'lilmi or Marrh (I, IK7. nnd other agreement ns to Shan tunic. All German rights to the railroad from Tslngtnu to Tslnaitfu. Including all faclll ties and mining rights and rights of ex ploitation, pass equally to Japan and the cables from Tslngtnu to Shanghai and Chefoo, tho cables free of all ehrnges. All German stntu property, movable and lm movable. In Klnochow Is acquired by Japan free of nil charges. Section Six. MILITARY FOItCKS-Tbe demohllf. nflon nf the Germany arm)' must tnke plnee within two month of the pence. It strength mny not exceed 100.000. In. eluding 4.000 offleer. with not over nrn division division of Infantry nml three: .,, .n.i ... i.. ....... ... i.. i MOROCCO. Germany renounces all her ! rights, titles and privileges under the art I" of Algeclrns and the Franco-German ! agreements of I9u9 nnd 1911 And under : TI'RKEY AND BtMIARIA.-Oermnny W "" "" " '" necepts all arrangements which the allied V lies. W and associated powers make with Turkey M Germnnv anrecu to the trial of , and Bulgaria with reference to any right. W . """"V agrees to tne trial oi y nrivlleucB or Interests elnlineit In tlinm, the ex.knlser. . In order to render nnssIMn thn tnltln- eriuiy nu persons so nccuseu ana mi tloS oT'lr'ger'nTllmltaUon'of the Si i ??$i lXM0lh??$tfntf menta of all nations. Germany undertakes , nr.Uaerts the diVcwSv ? of the offenders 2ST.K cau,w)dJc(,,ft,.i:iw1!tttry' .00 lvely to mnlatrnnnee of Internal order "ni1 ln"".,Kp "hleh the allied nnd nml control of frontiers. i associated Kntrrnmenl nnd their nn- Dlvlslons may not be grouped under 'nnnl have been subjected nn n eon more than two army corps headquarters I ""liienee of the war Imposed upon staffs. The great Oermnn general staff Iu h'm b'r tne agisresslon of the enemy abolished. Tho army administrative serv- I Ice, consisting of civilian personnel, not Included In the number of effectlvca, Is reduced to one-tenth the total In the 1913 budget. Employees of the German states, such ns customs ofllcers, first guaniH ami const guards, may not exceed and their personnel dismissed. The exact amount of armament and munitions al lowed Germany Is laid down In detail tables, nil In excess to be surrendered or rendered useless. The manufacture or Importation of asphyxiating, poisonous or other gnBes and all annlogous liquids Is forbidden as well as tho Importation of arms, munitions and war material. Ger many may not manufacture ouch ma terial for foreign governments. CONSCRIPTION Conscription Is nbollshcd In Germnny. The enlisted cer- sonnel must be maintained by voluntary enlistment for terms of twelvo consecu- I tlvo years, the number of discharges be- ' roro tne expiration or mat term not in any year to exceed 5 per cent of tho total effectives. Officers remnlnlng In the serv ice must ngree to serve to the ago of forty-five years and newly appointed ofll cers must agree to servo actively for twenty-live years. No military schools except those abso lutely tndispcnsnble for the units allowed shall exist In Germnny two months after tho peace. No associations such ns so- erties of discharged soldiers, shooting or I Imirlnr- rllllm mllirnllnn.il ntilnhllHhlllpntH I tne numuer in 1313. ucminrmcs and local i v."" -,," ": :;. ,." '..ti" ,5, ,.,' police may bu Increased only in accord- , 5 Xl he nr nt.Ml Th.V m ance with the growth of population. None J-'".1- i Shlirt in ill JnSn1 n tnlnlni" " aB8cmblcd for mlmary cvXlcStimloSl TXnnTrJP. ARMAMENTS-A11 establishments for ?fi?BWm05?lon" nwcc",oUBMnI'nl U 0tLr;Vlcairerepe.i,rurnebc )W 's'.l'uVtTer VcW'rto're closed within three montliH of tho pence il" lViVAiiP"L "ri. l.J..," ".".'"JS or universities may occupy themselves Ing forced to labor; (g) damages In the with military matters. VAli measures of form of levies or fines Imposed by tho mobilization ore forbidden. enemy. FORTRESSES. All fortified works, for- , In periodically estimating Germnny's tresses nnd field works sltunted In Ger- cnpaclty to pay the reparation corn man territory within a zone CO kilo- mission shall examine the German sys metera (30 miles) enst of the Rhino will i torn of taxation, first to the ond that be dismantled within threo months. Tho tho sums for reparation which Ger constructlon of, any new fortifications many is required to pay shall become there Is forbidden. Tho fortified works a charge upon nil her revenues, prior on the southern and eastern frontiers, to thnt for the service or dlschnrgo of however, mny remain. ' any domestic loan, and, secondly, so ns CONTROU Interallied commissions of to satisfy Itself that In general tho control will see to tho execution of tho i German scheme of taxatlqn Is fully iih provisions, for which a time limit Is set, , heavy proportionately as that of any the maximum named being three months I of the powers represented on the com They may establish headquarters at the i mission. German scat of government and go to. The commission may require Germany any part of Germany desired. Germnny ' to give from time to time, by way of must glvo them complete facilities, pay guaranty, Issues of bonds or other obllga thelr expenses and also the expenses of tons to cover such claims as aro not eeVt,Lt.',1w.c,,d.ln8imela,,,or otherwise satisfied. In this connection and material necessary In demolition, de- nii on account of the total amount of Btructlon or "gender of w, IMjPmit. &"? bml Issues nre "ienlly to be ZtJtxllnM MlulM I Twenty' bmioT marks, gold, payable rrulser! tnelvi drTr '?! fnr n0t ,a,er than M'1 J- 1921' Without ln preVl'rho..T'nml a"'. &.". "ll'he'r ?" '"I. b"?" .".'.! nl 1"'"5 military or eommerelal. with a person- Sn'd So re.0e,nf?ee,or,uy3BchOSr:. Conscription Is abolished, only voluntary service being permitted, with a minimum period of 26 yenrB' service for olllcers and 12 for men, No member of the Ger man mercantile marine will bo permitted any navai training ' " ........... All German vessels Of war In foreign ports, nnd the German high sea fleet In- 1R8' ,or ' mercnant snips nnu nsning terned at 8capa Flov will be surren- bon.tB lns' or damaged owing to the war, dered. the final disposition of these ships nd agrees to cede to the utiles nil Ger to be decided upon by the allied and aa- : man merchant ships of l.COO tons gross soclntcd powers. nnd upward, one-half of her ships between iV.WftlStf -"" .WrfflS ralfers"1,nadnrtotrr-TK Smd'.,HH TwrmlJn'tirtS Vheeran1 nil u "u Ihir ? ?.. iinrei! fSpuhmnMni committee, together with documents of ".' , ' " ii,',"ir.Tr illnii 1 uH t . ,t,le evidencing the transfer of the ships i.rrartAV,,rt,,riI.l,,,,.fl,l.uIL!,e k"f,,V i free trom encumbrance. PRISONERS OF WAR,-! he repatrla- AB n additional part of reparation, tlon of Germnn prisoners nnd Interned tne German government further agrees civilians Is to be cnrrled out without de- , to build merchant ships for the account lav and at Germnny's expenso by a com- 0f the allies to tho amount of not ex- iiiiD.iuii vwmiueu ui rvpicBcmnuti-s u cecding iw.ooo tons gross nnnunlly dur the allies and Germany. Those under K the next flvo years. All ships used sentence for offenses against discipline for inland navigation taken by Germany aro to bo repatriated without regard to mo completion or 'tnoir sentence, until Germnny has surrendered persons guilty of offenses against .tho lnws and customs of war, the utiles have the right to re tain selected Gorman ofllcers. GRAVES. Both parties will respect and mnlntaln tho graves of soldiers and sail ors burled on their territories, agree to recognlzo and assist any commission charged by any nllled or nssnciate gov ernment with Identifying, registering. maintaining or erecting sultablo monu- mentB over the crnves. nnd to nfTord tn each other all facilities for the repatrla- tlon or the remains of their soldiers Hi:SIONSIIIII,ITinS. The allied nnil nssnelnted power publicly nrrnlgu William II. of lloliruaollrru. formerls Gentian emperor, not for mi olTense against criminal Inw, hut fur n su preme olTense iignlnst Interniillumil morality and the sauellty of treaties. The ex-emperor's surrender Is to la requested of Holland, nnd a special tri bunal set uii, composed of ouo Judgu fron each of tho five great powers, with full guaranties of the right of defense. It li to bo guided "by the highest motives ol international policy with a view of via dlcattng tho solemn obllgntloni of In tcrnatlonnl undettaklnga and tho valid Ity of International morality" and wll .. ... t.v... ,,W.t.J It,).. 1. ll the puiilshmunt It feels should b iiiiiisvu Persons accused of havlnc commlttn acts In violation of the taws and custom of war aiu to be tried and punished b, r. -A- The Saar valley will be tern 1 porarlly Internationalized. r - i nanvlj-i Aill Ha riArmanant u -a - .... .. sllkiy TIIII MW JWI MIHIIVIItl Internationalized. Germany renounces all terrl- torlal rights outside of Europe. V J r.ermnnw ronnlrM th Inrfe. W v -.... ,j .--. ... ... .f J pendence of Poland and Czecho- V cinuaHa A W Slovakia. m T"e German army Is reduced , -nnnnn m.... ,j -j A '00.000 officers and men, and y conscription within Germany is A hni(.hJ.fj A abolished. The German navy Is reduced J to 24 warships and no subma- '. rlnes. Germany may have only 100 X unarmed seaplanes, to search for jj mines off her coast. V V V Germany will pay an Indem v ,. ., .,.., . C nlty, the amount of which Is not T V vet fixed the Initial Davment to V lnl payment xo a w be 25,000,000,000 marks, about V y $6,000,000,000. X V """""""" y V Germany cedes a lare part y -.4 . ....... '.. y The disposition of the surren- J dered German fleet, the German V colonies and the German cables A. 16 left to future action. X The league of nations becomes a living organization. XOIOIOXOXOXOIIaavCX!'' military trlhunnls under military Inw. If the eharf.es affect nationals of only one state they will be tried before n tribunal of that state; If they affect nationals of several states they will be tried before Joint tribunals of the states concerned Germnny shall hand over to the asso ciated governments either Jointly or sev- stbtllty. Section Seven Reparation.' The Billed anil assoelnteil govern ments affirm, nnd Germnny accept nn 'air or nerseir nnil her nlllr, the rr- siiiinsiiiiiiij- ror rnuslnir nil the Ions "-. The total obligation of Germany to pay, as defined In the category of dam ages, Is to be determined and notified to her after a fair hearing and not Inter than May 1, 1921. by an Inter allied reparation commission. At the which can be Identified, As an Immedlnte step townrd resto ration Germany shall pay within two years 20.000,000,000 marks In either gold, goods, ships, or other specific forms of payment, with tho under standing that certain expenses, such ns those of the armies of occupation nnd payments for food and raw materials. may liu deducted at the discretion of tlw allies. Vhlle e tho grand totnl of damages assessed against Germany mny exceed her ntillttv tn nnv. Hlin iini!,rfnb.u tn make compensation for all damages caused to civilians under seven main ca:egones: (a) Damages ny personal Injury to clvlllnns en used bv nets nf war. directly or Indirectly; (b) dnmage caused to civilians by acts of cruelty ordered by the enemy and to civilians In the occupied territory; (c) damages caused by maltreatment of prisoners; (d) dnmageH to the alllei' peoples pre sented by pensions and separation al lowances capitalized at thu signature or tnis trenty; tej damages to prop erty other thnn naval or military ma tenuis: (f) damages tO ClvlllntlH llV be ? ", VCeA' , I"? n ' ," i'.',',, l Pg. nt s. nk.ng " VJ " , .8 n .n.l an under nking to de- liver forty billion murks gold bonds benr. Ing Interest at I per cent, under terms to bo fixed by the commission. SHIPPING. The German government recognizes the right of tho allies to the i . . .! ... .:. . . retmn-eiiicni, iun ur mri mra ciukr jor from the allies are to bo restored within two months, the amount of loss not cov ered by such restitution to be made up by tho cession of the German river fleet up to 20 per cent thereof. In order to effect payment by deliv eries In kind, Germany Is required, for a umiieu niimuer or years, varying in tne case of each, to deliver coal, coal tar products, dyestuffs and chemical drucs In specific amounts to the repnratlnns com- ..lsulni. I'lm I'imimluuinn .vtiti. tin ..iri.tl. I fy the conditions of delivery ns not to intrrra nminiu u.itii r'..r,i.im'. in.i,,u. trial requirements. The deliveries of coal nre based largely upon the prlnclplo of I tanking good diminutions In the nroduc- tlon of tiie allied countries resulting from thu ar, DEVASTATED AREAS.-Oermany un dertakes to devoto her economic re sources directly to the physical restora tion of the Invaded areas. Thu reparation commission Is authorized to require Ger many to replace thu destroyol articles by thu delivery of auliunls, machinery, etc., existing In Germany, nnd to mnnufucturo materials required for reconstruction pur poses; all with duo consideration for Ger many s essential domestic requirements, Germnny Is to restore within six months tne Koran or tne caiipn utiunan. former- ' A Imllttll .-. I,A 1.1... .. II...1I..M nn.l MV .,IVM),,I.. ... !., I.II1K VI 4lllljlt, illlll , lie skull of the Sultan Olcwawa, formerly ii iteriiiiiu choi mikii, in his Ilrlltmiilu najesty'8 government. Tho German gov irnment Is also to restore to the French government certain papers taken by the . At hftp ninrrnant f nut tn tn n . A , , I aninn fltnn n anlwultll A nf nnvm.nla i e ... .it.i .....irn v-finti (ill.. ..ciium uiiilicd German authorities In 1870, belonging then to M. Reuher. and to restore the French flags taken during the war of 1ST0 and 1&71. FINANCES. Powers to which Gorman territory Is ceded will assumo a cer tain portion of the German prewar debt, tho amount to bo fixed by the repara tions commission on the basis of the rntlo betwoen the revenue and of the ceded territory nnd Germany's total rev enues for tho three years preceding tho war. In view, however, of the speclnl circumstances under which Alsace-Lorraine was separated from France In 1&I, when Germany refused to accept any pnrt of the French public debt. I-rnnco will not nssume any part of Ger many s prewar debt there, nor will Po land shnro In certain Germnn debtH In curred for the oppression of Poland. If thq vnliie of tho German public property In ceded territory exceeds the amount of debt assumed, tho states to which property ceded will give credit on repara tion for tho excess, with the exception of Alsace-tAirralne. Mandatory powers will not asMiimo any German debts or give nny credit for German government property. Germnny renounces nil rights of representation on. or control of, state banks, commission or other similar Inter national financial and economic organizations. Geimnny Is required to pay the total rost of the nrmles or occupation from tho "ate of the armistice as long as they nrt maintained III llmnim Inrrilnrv. this I'll. to bu u first charge on her resources. The ost of reparation Is tbe next churge. ufter making Htich provisions for liny nents for Imports as the allies may diem nerers-iry. Germany is to deliver to the nllled and associated powers all sums deposited In Germany by Turkey and Anstila-IIun. nary In connection with tho financial sup port extended by her to them during the war and to transfer to the ullles nil claims against Austrln-Hungnrv. Bul garia or Turkey in connection with ngree. meats made during the wnr. Germany -nnnritiH the renunciation nf the treaties of Bucharest and Ilrest-Lltovsk. tin tho request of tho repnrntlons com mission Germany will expropriate nnv rights or Interests of her nationals lit public utilities In ceded territories or thoe administered by mandatories, ond In Turkey, China, Russia. Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria, and transfer them to the reparations commission, which will credit her with their value. Germnny guarantees to repay to Bra zil the fund nrlslng from the sale of Sao Paulo coffee which she refused to nllow Brazil to withdraw from Germany Section Eight Economic Clauses.. CI'STOMS. For a period of six months Germnny shall Impose no tariff duties higher thnn the lowest In force In 1314, nnd for certain agricultural products, wines, vegetable oils, nrtltlclnl silk nnd Hashed or scoured wool this restriction obtains for two and a half years or for five years Unless further extended by the lengue of nations. Germany must give most fnvorcd nation treatment to the nllled nnd associated powers. She shall Impose no customs tariff for five years on goods orlgtnntlng In Alsnce-Ixirralne and for three years on goods originating In former Germnn territory ceded to Po land, with the right of observntlcn of a slm.'!nr. exception for Luxemburg. SHIPPINa-Shlps of tho allied nnd associated powers shall for flvo years and thereafter, under condition of reciprocity, unless the lengue of nations otherwise decides, enjoy tho same rights In German ports ns German vessels nnd have most favored nntlon treatment In fishing, coast ing trade and townge, oven In territorial waters. Ships of a country hnvlng no seacoast mny bo registered nt some one place within Its terrltorv. PNFAIR COMPETITldN-Germany un dertakes to give tho trade of the allied and associated nnunrH niliwinnl. ..In. 'guards against unfair competition nnd In i.n iu:umr 10 suppress tne use of fnlse wrappings nnd markings and on condition pf reciprocity to respect the laws and Judicial decisions of allied and associated states In respect of regionnl appellations of wines nnd spirits. TREATMENT OF NATIONALS.-Ger. mnny shall Impose no exceptional taxes or- restrictions upon the nntlonnls of the allied and ndssoelnted states for a period of five years and. unless tho league of na tions acts, for an additional five years. German nationality shall not contlnuu to nttnch to a person who has become a national of an allied or associated state. MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS Some forty multilateral conventions nre renewed between Germany nnd the al lied and associated powers, but special conditions aro nttached to Germany's readmlsslon to sevoral, PREWAR DEBTS. A system of clearing houses Is to bu crented within three months, one In Germnny nnd ono In each allied and associated state which adopts the plan for tho payment of prewar debts. Including those nrls lng from contracts suspended by tho wnr for the adjustment of tho proceeds of the liquidation of enemy property nnd the settlement of other obligations. ENEMY PROPERTY. Germany shnll restore or pay for all private enemy property seized or damaged by her. tho amount of damages to bo fixed by the mixed arbitral tribunal. The allied and associated states may liquidate Ger man private property within their lerriiiiries us compensation ror prop erty of their natlonnlH not restored or pnld for by Germany for debts owed to their nationals by German na tionals and for other clnlms ngalnst Germany. Germnny Is to compensate Its nntlonnls for such losses nnd to deliver within six months nil docu ments' relating to property held by Its nationals in nuicii and associated statea. All war legislation as to enemy property rights and Interests Is confirmed and all claims by Germany against tho allied or associated governments for nets under receptlonal war measures abandoned, CONTRACTS Prewar contracts be tween allied and associated nntlons, ex cepting tho United States, Japan and Bra zil, and German nationals, are canceled except for debts for accounts already performed, agreements for the tftinsfer of property whero the property had al ready passed, leases of land and houses, contracts of mortgage, pledge or Hen, mining concessions, contractu with gov ernments nnd Insurance contracts. Mixed arbitral tribunes shall be es tablished of threo members, one chosen by Germany, one by tho associated states und the third by agreement, or fnlllng which by tho president of Switzerland. They shnll have Jurisdiction over all dis putes ns to contracts concluded befnro the present pence treaty. INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY R1GHT8 Industrlnl, literary and artistic property nre re-established, the special war meas ures of thn allied and associated powers are ratified and the right reserved to Impose conditions on the use of German patents nnd copyrights when In tho public interest. Except as between tho United States and Germany prewar licenses nnd rights to sue for Infringements are can celled. Section Nine. OPIUM, Tho contracting powers ngree. whether or not they have signed and ratified the opium convention of January 3, 1912, or signed the speclnl protocol opened nt The Hague In nccordnnce with resolutions ndoptod by the third opium conference In 1914, to bring the snld con vention Into force by enacting within 12 months of the pence the necessary legisla tion. RELIGIOUS MISSIONS.-The nllled nnd associated powers agree that the proper ties of religious missions In territories be longing or ceded to them shall contlnuu In their work under control of the powers. Germany renouncing all claims in their behalf. Section Ten. AERIAL NAVUXATION.-Atrcraft of the allied and associated pjwers havo full liberty of passage nnd landing over and In German territory, equal treatment with German planes as to uso of Germnn air dromes, and with most favored nation fiumes as to Internal commercial trafllc n Germany. Germany ngrees to accept allied certificates of nationality, air worthiness or competency or licenses nnd to apply the convention relative to aerial navigation concluded between the allied and associated powers to hor own aircraft over her own territory. These rules apply until 1923 unless Germany has since been admitted to the leaguo of nations or to the above convention. Section Eleven. . FRHEDOM OF TRANSlT.-Germnny must grant freedom of transit through her territories by mall or water to per sons, goods, ships,' carriages, and malls from or to any of tho allied or asso ciated powers, without customs or transit duties, unduo delays, restrictions or dis criminations based on nationality, means of transport, or place of entry or de parture. Goods In transit shall be assured all possible speed of Journey, especially Serlshable goods. Germany may not lvert trafllc from Its normal courso in favor of her own transport routes or mnlntaln "control stations'" In connection with transmigration trnfllc. She may not establish any tax discrimination against the ports of allied or associated powers; must grant tho latter's seaports all fac tors, and reduced tarlfls granted her own or other nationals, and afford tho allied anil associated powers equal rights with those of her own nationals In her ports and waterways, save that she Is free to open or closo her maritime coast ing trade. FREE ZONES IN PORTS-Freo zones existing In Germnn ports on August 1, 1914, must be maintained with due facili ties as to warehouse and packing, without discrimination, nnd without charges ex cept for expenses of administration nnd use. Goods leaving tho rreo zones for consumption In Germany and gootlH brought Into tho free zones from .Ger many shall bo Mlbject to the ordinary Im port and export taxes. INTERNATIONAL RIVERS-The Elbe from the Junction of the Vltava, the Vl tava from Prague, thu Oder from Oppa, the Nlemen from Grodno and tho Danubo from L'tm are declared International, to gether with their connections. Tho ri parian states must ensure good conditions or navigation within their territories un- less a tpecMt organization oxliif therefor, Otherwlie appeal may liu had to a special t tribunal of the It ague of nntlons. which I ulsii mny nrrrtnge for a general Interna tional watt rwavs euiivei Hon. The Elbe and Odor uio to be placed iiiidir International commissions to meet within three mniitlw, THE DANI'HE The European Dnnubo ' commission reassiimed Its prewar pow ers, but for the time being with repre sentatives of only Grent Britain, France, Italy and Rnumnnla. The upper Danube Is to be iidmlnlHlm'd by a new Internn tloitnl commission until n definite statute be drawn up- at a conference of tho pow- era nominated by the allied and asso ciated governments within one year ufler the peace. THE RHINE AND THE MOSELLE. The Rhine Is p'need under the central I'ominlss.nn tn meet at Strassbourg within six months after the peace and to be com posed of four representatives of France, which shnll In addition select the presi dent, four of Germany, nnd two each of Great Britain, Italy, Belgium, Swltzcr land, nnd the Netherlands Section Twelve. RAILWAYS. Germnny In nddltlnn to most favored nation trentment on her railways, agrees to co-operate In the establishment of through ticket services for passengers and bnggnge; tn Insure communication by rail be tween the nllled, nssnelnted nnd other states; to nllow construction or Im provement within twenty-five years of such lines as necessary and to con form her rolling stock to enable Its In corporation In trains of tho nllled or nssoclnted powers. Shu also agreea to accept the deniinclntlou of the Gothnrd convention If Hvltzerlnnd nnd Italy request, and temporarily to execute Instructions ns to tho transport of troops nnd supplies nnd the establish ment of postal and telegraphic service, as provided. CZECHO-SLOVAKIA. To assure Czecho-Slnvakla access to the sea, spe cial rights are given her both north nnd south, Townrd the Adrlntlc sho Is permitted to run her own through trains to Flume nnd Trieste. To tho north Germany Is to lease her for 99 years spaces In Ilnmburg nnd Stettin, the details to bo worked out by a com mission of three representing Czecho Slnvnkln. Germnny and Great Britain. THE KIEL CANAK The Kiel canal In tn remain freo und open to wnr nnd merchant ships of all nntlons nt penco with Germany, subject, goods nnd ships of nil states are to bo treated on termH of nbsoliito equality, and no taxes to be Imposed beyond thosp necessary for upkeep nnd Improvement for which Germany Is to bo responsible. In ense of vlolntlon nf or disagreement ns to those provisions, nny state may appeal tn tho league of nntlons, und mny do? mnnd the nppnlntmeiit of an Interna ttonnl commission. For prcltmlnnry hearing of complaints Germnnv shnll establish a local authority at Kiel. Section Thirteen. INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANI ZATION Members of tho league of na tions ngrco to establish a permanent or gnnlzntlnn to promote international ad justment of labor conditions, to consist of nn annual International labor confer ence and an International labor office. The former Is composed of four rep resentatives of each state, two from tho government und ono each from the em ployers and the employed; each of them may vote Individually. It will be n de liberative legislation body, .Its measures taking the form of draft conventions or recommendations for legislation, which if passed by two-thirds vote must bo sub mitted to the law-making authority In every stato participating. Each govern ment may enact the terms Into law; ap provo tho principle, but modify them -to local needs; leave the actual legislation In case of a federal state to locnl legis latures, or reject thn convention altogeth er without further obligation. The International labor office Is es tablished nt the seat of tho leaguo of nntlons nnd part of Its organization. It Is to collect nnd distribute Information on labor throughout the world and prepare agenda for tho conference. It will publish a periodical In French nnd English and possibly other lun gunges. Each state agrees to mnko to It for presentation to the conference nn nn nunl report of measures taken to executo nerepted conventions. The first meeting nf the conference will take placo In October., 1919. nt Washington tn discuss the clpht-hour day or 4S-hour week; prevention of unemployment: extension nnd ap plication of the Internntlonal conven tions ndopted at Berno In 190G prohlb- , Itlng" night work for women nnd the use of white phosphorus In tho mnn ufr.cturo of mntches; nnd the employ ment of women nnd children nt night or In unhealthy work, of women before and nfter childbirth. Including mater nity benefit, nnd of children as regards minimum ngc. Section Fourteen. GUARANTEES. As n guarantee for tho execution of the trenty German territory to the west of the Rhine, tosether with the bridgeheads, will to occupied by allied and nssoclnted troops for IB years' period If the conditions are faithfully carried out by Germany, certain districts. Including the bridgehead of Cologne, will be evac uated at the expiration of tlvo years; cer tain other districts. Including the brldge hcad of Coblenz, nnd tho territory nearest the Belgian frontier, will be evacuated after ten years, and the remnlnder. In cluding the bridgehead of Mainz, will bo evacuated after 1I years. In case the Interallied reparation commission finds that Germnny has failed to observe the whole or part of her obligations, either during the occupation or nfter the 15 years havo expired, the whole or part of the areas specified will be reoccupled Immediately. If beforo tho expiration of the IB years Germany complies with all tho treaty undertakings, the occupying forces will bo withdrawn Immediately. EASTERN EUROPE. - All German troops nt present In territories to tho east of the now frontier shall return as soon ns the nllled and nssoclnted governments deem wise. Thoy nro to abstain from nil requisitions nnd nro In no way tn In terfere with measures for national de fense taken by the government concerned. All questions regarding occupation not provided for by the treaty will bo regu lated bya subsequent convention or con ventions which will havo similar forco nnd effect. Section Fifteen. MISCELLANEOUS, Germnny ngrees to recognize tho full validity of tho treaties of peace and additional conventions to bo concluded by tho allied and associated powers with the powers allied with Ger many, to ugreo to the decisions to bo taken as to tho territories of Austria Hungary. Bulgaria and Turkey nnd tn recognize the new states In tho frontiers to be llxed for them. Germnny agrees not to put forwnrd nny pecunlnry claims against nnv allied or associated power signing the present trenty bnsed on events previous to the coming Into force of the treaty. Germany accepts nil decrees as to German ships nnd goods made by any nllled or associated prize court. Tho allies reserve tho right to examine nil decisions or German prlzo courts. Tho present treaty, of which tho French and British texts nre both authentic, shall bo ratified and tho depositions of ratifications mado In Paris as soon as possible. The treaty Is to become effective In nil respects for each power on the date of deposition of Its ratification. ? ( ) A I W' n r "- -4 X ' fW SsV i out . T AAA. V "'JVWlfc-flaW-''3 H-ii "- -af-"s imtmi---x itt-mtv -)
