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The interesting story of the writing
and signing of the Declaration of Inde
pendence July 2 or August 2 better
entitled to celebration than July 4.
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"pk OPULAIt history lias fastened upon
B L our Impressionable niinils n poetic
H H I'lcture f Hit; signing -of the Deelura-
H-R tlon of Independence ns a graceful
and formal function, taking plnco
JjJ I July -J, 1770, In a largo, handsomely
iiirnisnou cnutniior in Independence
hall, Philadelphia. To give the nec
essary touch of vivacity to the pic
ture there- Is the scene of the siuall
boy darting from the door as the last sinner sets
Ms ntitngrnph to the precious parchment and dash
lug down the street, culling to hi:, grandfather, to
"King! Oh, ring for liberty!"
Our Ideal proclamation of the charter of Amer
ican freedom must be Miuttoicd In the cause of
truth. The Declaration of Independence was
signed behind locked door.s, and was not general
ly signed uixui the Fourth of July at all. The city
was not breathlessly awaiting the event outside,
nor did the Liberty boll peal forth on that day
tho triumphal note of freedom.
The accredited historian of the United Slates
department of state Is Halliard Hunt, I.ltt. D., LL.
IX. now chief of the division of manuscripts In tho
Library of Congress.
"There Is really no reason for our celebrating
the Fourth of July more than July 2 or August 2."
snld Doctor Hunt recently to un Inquirer. "It was
not until the latter date that the document was
generally .signed.
"The Virginia bill of rights, of which Ceorgp
Mason was also the author, was drawn up and
adopted In the last colonial assemblv In Virginia
Iirlor to the devolution. The hill of rights Is In
effect a part of every constitution in the land to
day. It Is beyond doubt that this famoiM docu
ment, of which his elderly friend was author, was
largely drawn upon by Thomas Jefferson when he
wrote the Declaration of Independence.
"The fundamental principles of go eminent set
forth In Mason's bill of rights were the same as
those In the English petitions to the king, the acts
of the long parliament and magna charta.
"You know, perhaps, that It was another Vir
ginian, Bit hard Henry Lee. who presented to con
cress, on .Tune 7. 1770, a set of resolutions contain
ing the words, 'That these united colonies are. and
if right ought to be, free and Independent states,
mid that all political connection between them
nnd the state of fJreat IJrltutn Is, and ought to be.
totally dissolved.'
"It was as a result of the favorable voting upon
Lee's resolutions that the well-known committee,
composed of Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Ben
jamin Franklin, Roger .Sherman nnd Hubert It. Llv
tngston, was named to draft the document. The
committee assigned the task of preparing the In
strument to the Virginian. Jefferson's was the
master political mind and it was by no mere
chance that he was called upon to write the docu
ment which has been termed 'the best-known pu
ller that has ever come from the pen of an Indi
vlduiil.' Drafting of the Declaration.
"Thomas Jefferson was the personlllcatlon of
method," remarked Doctor Hunt, "and Immediate
ly upon receiving his commission to write the
declaration he retired to the two rooms he rented
ns n working place at Seventh and Market place,
Philadelphia, nnd prepared to give his country
one of tho greatest monuments of human freedom.
"The department of state owns the llrst draft of
the Declaration which Jefferson presented to the
committee, for Its upproval. Ills confreres made
n few nltenitlons, which are clearly shown In tho
text, nnd Jefferson has written beside ench change
tho name of Its author, making tlio document of
Inestimable value.
"The fair copy which he made for presentation
to congress, anil which hears tho congressional
amendments and alterations, Is lost.
"Tho latter Is, tho formnl Declaration of Inde
pendence laid before congress on Juno 28, 1770.
It was then rend and ordered to lie on tho tnhlo
until July 1. On July 2 a resolution was passed
declaring the independence of the United States,
although the exact form of tho proclamation as
prepared by Jefferson was debated upon until July
4, when, with some alterations and amendments, It
was signed by John Hancock, president of tho
congress, nnd thu signnturo attested by Charles
Thomson, secretary of congress.
"July 2 was actually the date of separation of
tho colonies from the mother country. On July 3
we find Joln Adams, whom Jefferson called tho
colossus of tho colonies,' writing to hLs wife, Abi
gail, In tho following words:
"Yesterday the greatest question which was
ever debated In Amerlcu was decided, and a great
er perhaps never was nor will bo decided among
men.'
Great Day Was July 2.
"In a second letter, written tho name day, ho
said: 'But tho day Is past. July 2 will be the
most memorable epoch In tho history of America.
I am npt to bollevo that It will bo celebrated by
succeeding generations as tho anniversary festival.
It ought to be commemorated us the day of deliv
erance by solemu ucts of devotion to God Al
mighty.' "There Is little doubt but that the participants
In the event considered July 2 as tho true Unto of
Independence for the colonies, but popular fancy
seized upon tho 4th, tho dntu of acceptance of Jef
ferson's formnl nnd detailed settlng-forth ns tho
proper date of celebration.
"John Trumbull's famous painting of tho scene,
hnnglng In the rotunda of tho cnpltol, Is a poetical
pleco of work nnd gives many of tho portraits of
tho signers with faithfulness, but It Is somowhnt
fanciful. No silken hangings draped tho windows
of that stilling room on July 4, 1770, nnd tho benu
tlful order In which the men lire ranged up for
Bignlng tho Immortal document Is also fictional.
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Mdependexce ffatt
Tho president of the congress. John Hancock,
with the secretnry, Charles Thomson, alono signed
the autograph Jefferson document on thnt date.
Immediately afterward It wns hurried to the olll
clnl printer for congress, John Dunlnp, to put In
type nnd spvernl copies were made. By next
morning the printed copies of Jefferson's Declara
tion of Independence wero In Huncock's hands.
When he came to write tho proceedings for tho
Fourth of July. 1770. Into tho Journal of Con
gross, Charles Thomson, secretary of the congress,
left n blnnk spnee for tho Declaration and It Is this
brondsldo which now appears wafered Into tho
spnee left for It In the Journal.
"This broadside was sent out to the governors of
the stntes, to tho Continental nrmy, unil It Is tho
paper from which tho Declaration of Independence
Drafting tfie 0ec3r3tionofJndepeidencG
was read to the people July 8. when tho Liberty
hell was rung nnd the first public celebration was
made In honor of the event."
Sinned August 2.
"July lit congress ordered that the Declaration
iiiss(.ii the -Ith bo fairly engrossed. It was
very beautifully done on parchment. This Is the
document which received the signatures of nil the
members of the Continental congress present In
Independence ball, August 2, 1770. By this time,
however, the membership bad changed slightly, so
that the "signers" were not Identlcel with the
body of delegates who had declnred for Independ
ence n month before. Presumably It was at this
time that Hancock, making his great familiar sig
nature, Jestingly remarked that John Bull could
see It without his spectacles. One or two of the
signatures were not actually afllxed until a later
date than August 2.
"This Is the treasured Declaration of Independ
ence now In possession of tho department of
stnte," said Doctor Hunt. "It Is kept In n hermetic
ally scaled case, which Is opened only by special
order for very especlnl rensons. It Is faded, and It
would hnve been better If this engrossed copy had
been made on paper rather than parchment. It Is
so faded that few of the signatures are recognlz
able. Nothing can now ho done which will perma
nently benefit It.
"I believe the main cnuso of the fading was the
Impression taken In 182.'!, by order of President
Monroe. Two hundred facslmllles were then made
to give a copy to each of the then living signers
and others. Taking the Impression removed the
Ink."
friMrfrWrfr6iiMnttrtHto
THEY BELIEVED
IN AMERICA
history let all truo Americans today highly re
solve on a new birth within their own souls of
the faiths of those men 140 years ngo, of faith In
themselves and of faith In America.
One hundred and tforty years ago some half
hundred men, sent by their communities to con
cert measures for semiring their "rights ns Kng
llshmcn," becamo conlnced that these could not
ho obtained save by jenslng to be "British sub
jects" and declaring themselves "American citi
zens." Let us look behind th" formal phrases of the
Immortal Declarntlon to tho faith of these men
nnd of tho people for whom they spoke. What
was the faith that nvdo vltnl their appeal for
tho Justice of their ctjpra and tho righteousness
of their undertaking?
They believed In themselves; In their ability to
do right nnd Justice, fhey believed In tho com
petence of stnlwnrt mnahooil to govern Itself and
to provide for tho common welfare They be
lloved they could mnk bettor arrangements In
government than men hnd mndo before them.
They believed In themselves, In their people, In
America.
Americans of Into hnve dono n great deal of
fault-finding with Amerlcu. There Is not so much
now as n your or two ojk. Tho spectnelo across
tho Atlantic tends to htwh It, and to glvo now
point to the saying thnt "other countries" nro
what mnko Americans so proud of their own.
In tho light of that spectacle and of our own
OF GREAT MOMENT IN HISTORY.
The declaration of American Independence was
of unequsled moment In history. As the result
of that fact, the United States of America has
risen to a greatness whlcll has changed tho face
of the world. In n little less than seven scoro
of years It has changed us from a nation of peo
ple scattered thinly along the coast of tho At
lantic, to a nation of over a hundred millions of
people stretching over the whole continent from
the Atlantic to the Pacific, and even Into the
lands beyond the seas. Moreover, In wealth anil
In material energy, us In numbers, It now far sur
passes the mother country from which It sprang.
TRIBUTE TO THE DECLARATION.
The historian Bucklo was cordial and sweeping
In his pralso of tho Declaration. Ho said among
other things , "That nohlo Declaration ought to
he hung up in tho nursery of every king nnd
blazoned on t). porch of every royal pnlnce."
If such were tho brilliant historian's Iden, It
wns as Professor Tyler remarked, "becauso tho
Declarntlon has become the classic statement of
political truths which must at Inst abolish kings
altogether or elso tench them to hfentlfy their ex
istence with tho dignity and hnpplness of huic&n
nature."
Ancient Gooseberries,
(looseberiies canned 2. years ago
were eaten with spoons dating back
ISO years at a wedding nnulversiiry
In Pultun. .M, recently. It Is easy
to understand how the spoons could
lme been handed down troui genera
tion to generation for the period
named, lull It is not so easy to compie
lietid how the gooseberries jut safely
through the (tinnier cetitur..
Avoiding Discussion.
"You must gie jour wife credit for
knowing as much about the political
situation as you do?"
"That's what I want to do," replied
Mr. (irowcher. "1 want to give her
credit for about everything without
putting her to the trouble of explain
ing a single word."
A nut Is a mighty Important thing
sometimes be Is merely self Important
Heads and 'Tales.1
When the dynamite trial wan held
In this city, tne name or Charles Mil
ler became a household word. In ono
small Indiana town the children of a
certain family who knew the attorney
were fond of acting out Bible scenes.
The two older sisters had decided on
the story of John the Baptist, nnd
asked little John to take the part of
the Bible hero. John was from Mis
souri and had to lie shown, After care
fully explaining the Importance or bin
part to IiIiii. mid the mighty runntctcr
whom he was to Impersonate, John
looked up In disgust, and drawled:
"Nawt I ain't goln' to be no John tho
Baptist. I'd rather be somebody great
like Charlie Miller." Indianapolis
New s.
"Say, how would you class these cr
pert military aviators?"
"Wh.v. as shooting stnrs"
The Effects of Opiates.
UIAT INFANTS nro jieeullarly mtBoeptlblo to opium and its varlotu
inniiumiiin, an ii vnwi.li uru iiarcoiio, in wen known. Kven In tho
smallest ('cues, if continued, these onlntin iviusn rhnmrm In Mm fnnn.
tlons nnd growth of the eel In which are likely to liecomo uriimncnt, causing
Imbecility, mental pen union, n craving for alcohol or narcotics in Inter llfo.
Nervotm dlHoaneii. such iui Intractable nervous dyspepsia and lank of staying
powem nro n. result uf doslmr with opiates or narcotics to keep children quiet
In their Infancy. The rule among physicians Is that children should never
receive opiates In lie smalleut diwea for more than a day at a time, and
only then if unavoidable.
Tho administration of Anodynes, Drop, Cordials, Soothing Byrups and
other narcotics) to children by any but a physician cannot bo too strongly
decried, and the druggist should not be a party to It. Children who aro ill
need the attention of iv physician, and it la nothing lesa than a criuio to
dose them willfully with narcotics.
Cnstoria contains no narcotica If it bears tho
signature of Chas. 11. Fletcher. SIX Sy j-
Ueniilno t'ustorla alnajs bears the slgnaturo oftsvjf cc4UAC
RATHER ROUGH ON TOMPKINS
Girls Might at Least Have Chosen
Some Other Tune for Their
First Rendition.
Mr. Tompkins Is n luird-worklng
man at bis trade as a shoemaker. By
laboring eaily ami late he managed
to earn enough to educate mid dress
his two daughters very well.
Now, ho was so proud of these girls
that at last be bought them u piano.
A few days after the arrival of the
instrument a friend saw him.
"Hello. Tompkins!" he said ;"and
how did the piano go off?"
"Beautifully. Smith," replied tho
shoemaker, "the girls were as grate
ful as possible, and It's Hue to bear
them singing and playing. But what
do you suppose was the very llrst tune
they learned?"
"Dunno, I'm sure," was the friend's
reply.
'Everybody Works but Father.'"
snld Tompkins mournfully. Pitts
burgh Chronicle.
Shipping Fever ES3SS
.. , ,CJ nomi unit throat
illnrnHi'i cured, nml all others, no mutter how "i'pocil.,T
liept from hiivlnir any of (Iicnc iltnensva with NI'OIIN'H
iii.sii;mi'i:u cilmi'iiiimi, Three to hU dosps often cur
n case. One no-eent lioltlp runrantreil to do no. licit
lliliiB for brood mums; nels on I lie Mood. tiOo a bottle.
t: ilozon bottii-n. imiKKists unit imriicHi shops or mnu
facturnrq sell It. AKcntn wanted.
MMHI.V MKIMUAI. CO., ChriuUla, C2o.hr. In.. U. 9. A.
New French Army Helmet.
Sixty-four operations are necessary
In making one of the steel helmets
that the French soldiers wear. Tho
llrst step, says Pearson's Magazine, Is
stumping out disks from great sheets
of steel. A machine that exerts a pres
sure of one hundred nnd fifty tons,
and can cut out live thousand disks
u day, does that work.
Kach disk Is placed under n shap
ing machine, which presses the disk
Into the form or a helmet with a
broad rim. Polishing and cutting ma
chines remove all Irregularities In tho
helmet, after which holes aro punched
In the crown somo for ventilation
purposes, others for fastening on the
regimental crest.
Each helmet Is cleaned nnd dipped
In n special mixture thnt makes It a
dull, Inconspicuous bluish gray. A
lining nnd leather chin straps are
then fastened on, and tho helmet Is
complete. Since tho French troops
hnvo begun to wear helmets tho num
ber of deaths from wounds In the
bond has decreased to a remarkable
extent.
Some Kicks.
"And you say tho mule kicked you,
Sam?"
"Indeed, he did, boss."
"How far did he kick you?"
"How far did lie kick me?"
"Yes, bow far were you from him
after ho kicked you?"
"Does you mean how far was I
from him after ho kicked mo first or
do Inst time, boss?"
Nearly the Truth.
"Did your olllce boy tell you tho
truth when he said ho was obliged to
go to a funeral?"
"No. But It wns almost ns hnd as
a funeral. The homo team suffered a
humiliating defeat."
"Where did you get the apples?"
"A nlco man gave 'em to me."
"Did he give you one for me?"
Real Humorist.
"My nephew, Perry Pert, ought to
bo writing button busters for the 8tnr
beams column, right nowl" snld old
Isnnc Ickery. "He's n wholo lot fuller
of yoiimer thnn tho fellers thnt are
writing 'em. Why, Just yesterdny 1
handed him a paper with n picture In
It of that ero big-nosed Czar Ferdi
nand of Bulgaria, and says I, "Whnt
do you think of him?" And as quick
ns n flash ho answered right back,
'Goodness only nosoP Just like tliatl"
Kansas City Star.
Supposo wo quit assuming that thf
other fellow Is crooked. All that such
Imagining breeds Is hatreds.
To glvo n relish to tomato Banco,
chop n green pepper with onion. Thu
Is good served with omelette.
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They
Stand
Up-
Unlike common corn
flakes, the New Pott
Toasties don't mush
down when milk or
cream is added.
And they have a charming new flavour delicious,
different, the true essence of the corn not found in
corn flakes heretofore.
The intense heat of the new process of manufacture
raises tiny bubbles on each delicious brown flake and
these little puffs are the identifying feature.
These new flakes are firmer, crisper, and don't
crumble in the package in comparison, ordinary corn
flakes are as "chaff."
Your grocer can send you a package of
New Post Toasties
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