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I TO BUY
& affined!! HMHsjiu
FOR FOREIGN MARKETS
Horses or Mares
Blocky made, 4 to 1 0 years old, to weigh 1150 to 1 350
pounds for Artillery purposes.
Horses or Mares
Riding shaped, 4 to 1 0 years old, to weigh 1 000 to 1150
pounds, 1 5 to 1 5 3-4 hands high for Cavalry purposes
Mules
200 pounds, 5 to 1 0 years old, 15 to 15 3-4
hands high for Artillery
WILL BE AT
n iooo to i
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tled
II Me
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Cloud, Nebraska
sday,Janaary 6, 1915
DM&S&SSS msaasH55u
Why
; The Cost of
Operating Railroads
Has Been Increased
STRUGGLING AGAINST INCREASED COST OF LABOR,
SUPPLIES, ETC., ON ONE HAND-REDUCED
RATES ON THE OTHER
Daring the Ust few years the advo
cates of government ownership of rail
roads have been somewhat persistent In
the public press ami the matter is
referred to here, not with nny Idea of
combatting tills propaganda, but merely
that the people may brlt-ily so both
f. Bides of the picture. So long a a lot of
J'lneu welcome the wrecking of the rail-
roads on the theory that the govern
ment will take them ovr and that such
, a state of art ilrs would be preferable to
' In this connection, a statement con
tained in the last annual report
of the Deutsche Bank of Berlin, which
has a paid-up capital and reserve fund
of tTfl.OOO.OOO is Interesting: "Ameri
can railroads need higher rates. The
present rates are the lowest in the
woild ropiesmitlng but a fraction of
the English nillway rates, for instance
and this in the face of the fact that
wages in the United States on the
average are luuy twice as tilgn as in
fpvlvato ownership, it will be Impossible Europe." Certainly this view of the
Vo obtain from them a fair judgment of puvaieiy owneu lines 01 mo uuiihu
ti... r..tt.....ii-.it.liu wiiii.li i,mv iii-iivhIIs in States, uomiiiu from (.lormany, which
s the Uulted Stales. It is Impossible to
1 lias the most successful state owned
go into this great question at any length
' at this time, but hero are a few things
.worth thinking about. Much has been
said in recent years about the "water"
coutalno in Amorican railroad secur
ities and, In this connection the valu
ation of the government owned railroads
of Europe Is very Interesting. In Ger
many the state owned roads are valued
at $114,185 per mile, in Austria at rju,-
ft92, in Hungary at O'J.fclO, in Italy at
npnflsn. in Beluium at SIUU.UU, in
Switzerland at $102,050, In Roumania
&t 100,118, in Japan at $88,104, in New
C South Wales at 71,801 while the pri
vately owned lines of the Uulted States,
regardless of what wator may have been
forced into them In specific Instances,
are valued at only $03,014 per mllo.
1'Whatever Inflation may therefore have
been put luto these properties m me
nnHt. the fact remains, that their pres-
out. valuation is much lower than that
f of the government owned railroads of
Europe, nd, what is huh more impor
innL tho rates charged nve the lowest
I and the sorvico roudered admittedly tho
1(rhI-. In tho worm, it is uisu uemneui
system of transportation in tho woild,
Is worthy of grave consideration,
In further confirmation of this state
ment we quote the following statistics:
It costs 7 mills per mile on an averago
to haul u ton of freight in the United
States while in England it costs an av
erage of S.y;) cents, in Fiance t .-It cents
and in Germany 1.42 cents. The aver
age daily wage paid to American rail
road employees is $2.23, In England it
is $1.35, in France 83 cents and in Ger
many 81 cents. Are American railroads
therefore entitled to the wholesale
abuse and denunciation which has been
heaped upon thm from all sides in
recent years?
Letting Well Enough Alone.
In view of these facts, the average
citizen may well ask himself whether
It is not host to let well enough alone
rathor than invite other ills we know
not of whother It Is not wiser to cure
such defects as may encumber the pres
ent system rather than run the danger
of plunging this mighty industry into
the whirlpool of patty politics for all
time, with its nttendantopportu'dty for
tc remember that tho charge of watered evil of which tho imst nffonli such itch
' Jocks after nll.can be made against but, variety of experience. I he United States
Slwl't'' ' , . 4 1 1 I ,. i,ttinr iirMHiiiiit mill St, ikiiata
vrv few American rallroads-tho lion's j Ja """ " Jl , "h wuu"'' """ " "'""
, very lev. awi" sections only partially developed.
t'Buaro of them having been managed , M J0W UlmM ,iml trunnions are
without ti breath of soanmii orcmiomn. neuueu ueru nun umiu iu k " wiuei
opportunity to expanding ugiieiilture
nod cojuineioe and nothing could be
more unfottuiiHto or ulsaNtiuus t it it it
that tlit'sa favors could henceforth be
obtaiiu'd only by leave of the dominant
political factious which will retail at
the national capital in the years t.)
come. Political parties are intensely
human institutions, and the average
cautious citizen will prefer to leave the
railroad expansion of the future to the
economic law of supply and demand of
the different communities rather than
to place such a temptation for power in
the hands of those who rise nnd fall iu
the field of politics. Furthermore,
should the time ever come when the
government takes over the railroads, it
means that the people will have to fore
go the millions of taxes which they
now pay and which help to support the
public schools, public highways and
other public expenses and that hence
forth theco millions of revenue would
have to come out of the pockets of the.
people.
Many other things could be said upon
this phase of the question, but space
rnrnlils. lor some time the govern
ment, through the intei state commerce
commission, has been engaged in mak
ing a physical valuation of all our
railroads as a matter of guidance for
future rate adjustments Again, we
repeat, since the people absolutely con
trol and regulate the railroads, is that
not enough? Will it not be better to
lot well enough alone to cling to that
which Is good and eliminate that which
is bad iu the present system, which,
Lwith nil that has been said against It,
furnishes the best and cheapest trans
portation service in the world?
Increased Cost of Operation.
We now wish to refer briefly to nn
other phase of the problem. For a
number of years tho cry of the "high
cost of living" has been every
where abroad in the laud.
Time was, not so many years
ago, when the farmer sold his corn at
25 cents per bushel. Now it brings
from 50 to 75 cents. So, too, he sold
hogs at 3 cents per pound which now
readily bring 7 to 10 cents while a
good steer calf, which used to brinti
from f 10 to $12, now sells for fiom $20
to $25. Nobody who knows anything
about present land values or the farm
er's cost of production will contend
that ho Is not, entitled to these increased
prices. As u mattor of fact, unless he
I is an exceedingly good manager and
' utilizes the best of modern agilcultural
thought ho is by no means getting lich
us thn in-
seem to pe- jil.) In t 'H ( i I -s wiiii d 1 1,
iiudfisUiid the L.Jtt in t-ii'licl in me
il.iy farming, 'to go buck lo the u
pilot-she need to icc'Ivh wont I haul -rupl,
In a llille while, cwi'v fiiriin-r in
tho ciuiitiy and the IwnnViiey nt' the
ftiMiru will he fur the pilces of faun
products to go Mill hlghei rat 1km- Hum
I nver. Agiiculturo Is thn nation!,
great st fninliundnlal imlustiy and so
ciety must iniike the lauu gHiini piilll
cleiitly piofltnblt' to j b Ty the mn'i
who Is, no the fat in today mid tin
fanner bojs of tho futuie to stay b
th plow. .Much 1ms been said recently
about Hie fact that the farmer does not
H'ceku enough for what ho producs
that iIitm is too hi, a waste iu thn
channels through which his products
moNt p'Hs before thy reach th Cii'i-
Hiiijinf, iiinl that he inn conic c,ius lot
, iMitipMiiJi iu tills M'lppct is undoitbttM
i... .
ly huh ti iwevor, tu lailioads can
face such an inquiry with a clear con
science, f run I'xliaiis.ivi) inve-ticatioi
conducted by the Lhlgh Valley rail
road hoiiio time ago shows that the
farmer gut - r'M3 cents out of the avei
agedollai'H worth of products lie sells:
the pickers, local shippers, dlstiibiitors
and rbtailetH get 14,'a cents b twoen
them, while the railroads receive only 5
cents, or tine twentieth of tho dollar,
for the transportation services they
render.
So, too, there has been a steady ad
vance iu ptactically the entire realm of
merchandise and manufactured pro
ducts, whatever their nature, and the
ever Incieaiing toll in the cost of labor,
steel pioUuets, lumber, locomotives,
cms and other supplies lias levied a
tribute of untold millions upon the
railiOMl", which havo not only been
forbidden to increase their rates, but,
on the contraiy, In many Instances,
compelled to lower ihvtu
Dili Increased Cost of Labor.
To give tlie reader an exact idea of
how the cost of labor has advanced in
the operation of lailro'tds we quote the
following increases iu the dally wage
from 11)00 to 1014 a period of only
fourteen years: Iu the case of en
gineers it iuci eased from $3.08 per day
to $5.70, or an increase of GO per cent;
firemen from $2.21 to $3 02. or (It per
cent; conductors from $3 31 to ft 83, or
45 per cent; station agents fiom $1.08
tu 2.1(1, ur ) per cent; other station
men from $1 02 to$l 00, or 17 per cent;
ordinary tiainmen from $1 97 to $3 L0,
or 70 per cent; machinists fiom $2 72 to
$3 52, or 20 per cent ; carpenters from
$2 31 to $2 50, or 12 per cent; other
shopmen from $193 to $2.20, or 1 1 per
cent; sectiou iuremen from $1.51 to
$1 83, or 21 per cent; tiackmeii from
$ll5to$1.52 or !!' per cent ; teleurnph
opcratoth and dispat hers from $2 25 to
i 05. or 17 per cent. This mentis a
geneiul average Increase iu wages of
32 20 per cent and all othvr classes of
rutlioad operatives and employes in a
more or less similar degree. While
these advances have proven a gieat
boon to the nearly two million men em
ployed in the lailway service and in
creased their capacity to buy from mer
chant and farmer, they have exacted
many millions annually from the rail
roads themselves all of which made
the general public richer, but the roads
poorer. Iu 1000 the railroads paid $1.41
per ton for coal. Now they pay $1.81.
Then they paid 38u for ties. INow they
pay 52c.
A - wr tw m vn r-v. r-i i t .-. t-. c vr; j".' A
1 1 1 t mi i..tw t;-i -H iv, a in a i a i ?i RV i u h m.
,iS BBBHi H 5 B a VVStf VXSF& ' Sk B
FOURFH SALE OF f
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I fl .1Eit. . '.-w-WJl ..n&Q:'lli f
a) I " -PANOHAMA -5SZ43 s ???$& &
31
V
Poland Ghina Soms
D
N
A
AT AUCTION AT RED CLOUD TIE BARN
Satafday,Jan.9?1915
At 1:30 P. PJI.
35 Bred Sows and Open Gilts
Of i'dt blood lines and individuals. Hred to such Uoars as
"The (ibtnt UIiIiiii," Itlg Huok 7200 Itnperator nnd others. The&e
Ollts are most all Itnmniied as pli;s mo April and May lull, farrow
mid tin: males in offering not closely related to gilts, giving the
purchaser an opportunity to select u hord if lie desires. Catnlogs
on application All hog-, pedigreed and will bo held free of charge
till Monday nfte'- sale, or delivered F. O. li. cars crated at Red
Cloud. All nigs offered will be sold sale day regardless of weather.
If you aio a good hog raiser be on band ssle day.
USUAL TERMS-CASH OR BANKABLE NOTE
Phil Damson, Omner
J. H. Ellinger, Auct.
-ss :
mt (jn jirr !! '
C. J. Pope; Clerk
; 3-ssasatLa-o
Other Increased Casts.
But there are many other items tlu.t
have enormously increased Ithe cost of
railroad operation which we cannot go
into because of a lack of space. Tho
public is constantly demandingfa moie
efficient and a safer service, andjlionce
the railroads have had to spend vni-t
sums in installing block signals, steel
passenger cars, doing away Jwith grade
crossings, straightening lines, heavier
locomotives, better roadbeds, and Hiq-
plyitur many other precautions protect
ing both their operatives and the public
all things very necessary, yerjveiy
co.itly. do, too, numerous states have
ptthsei. ''full crow" laws, which, with
out bent iitiug tho public iu anyway,
have compelled tho railroads to pay a
toll of millions to useless employes.
Now, while labor, farm products,
merchandise and manufactures nnd
supplies of all kinds have steadily in
creased in price, too. railroads, as
stated before, have been compelled to
reduce their rates iu the face of this
avalanche of ever-advancing cost of
operation and that all but the most
powerful Hues flud themselves in an
exceedingly critical couditlon is not to
be wondered at. The farmer, the mer
chant, the manufacturer and the laborer
justly insist that they would not be able
to get along on the prices they received
ten or fifteen years ago. How, then,
can the railroads, which are the largest
employers of labor and Imyers of ma
terial iu the United States, be expected
to exist on less than they received ten
or fifteen years agoK In view of these
facts it Is no wonder that President
Wilson and other patriotic and careful
students of the situation are speaking
words of kindly admonition to the
American public, to tho end that the
railroad', through whoso giant arteries
flows the very life blood of the nation,
may not bo wrecked or destroyed.
Tho Public and the Manager.
On tho one baud, for tho last twouty
llve years the public lias demanded the
Remarkable Land Chances
For You in Wyoming
Now is the time for you to visit the Itig Horn Il.idn and travel through
it over the Ilurliugtou's now Wyoming .Mainline between Denver and Uillings
the railroad that U going to Increase farm acreage, settle up the (lovernmcnt's
irrigated honietleads, increaso the population of towns and incrense land
values geuerully.
Why do you till the boll of another, getting nowhere towards land
ownership for your family, when with a small payment you can homestead a
Government Irrigated farm with a reliable and pet niaueiit water supply on a
20-year easy payment plan with no Intorest that makes it almost n gift to you.
The North Platte Valle) Here is another section called by many,
America's Valley of the Nile." It is, also, on tho Burlington's new Wyoming
Mainline. Today you can get an Irrigated farm in that Valley whose value is
bound to increase on the completion of this mainline.
N2Sd fcaaJwawK
S.B. Howard, Ass't. Immigration Agent
I004 Farnam St., Omaha, Nebraska
nEWGHanaft.t
2CTIS
best and highest tftlcieucy in ser.ice
and lower rates in one nnd the ssine
breath. On the other hand stand the
thousands of men nnd women who
have invested their money iu railioad
securities and who, in common with
the farmer, the manufacturer and the
merchant, believe they are entitled to a
fair profit. Then come the huudreds of
thousands of employees who are con
tinually clamoring for nn increase in
wnges, as well as the cost of all manner
of railroad supplies which Is constantly
advancing and between them, as arbi
ters, Btand the raauagers of the roads
the big "hired men," struggling with
might and main to reconcile all these
conflicting Interests In the face of re
duced rates upon every hand. That
they have at last reached a point where
they can continue the unequal struggle
no longer should uot be a matter of
wonder and In face of the harsh
and unlriendly criticism which has
descended upon their heads from overy
quarter they 11 ml themselves in the
mental attitude of the fiddler iu the
Western mining camp when ho yelled
out, "Please don't shoot lnys; I am
doing tlie best I can." (Paid adv. To
be continued next week )
UMtS? -" i
TrtAT-l
F I R E
l-'Olt HUNT A good G-room bouso
Hutchison & Saladeu. udv
All Kodak lllms bought of Slovens
Bios., dovelopcd frco when order for
prints Is given.
THK ALABM is a dreadful thing
OF FIRE for the man without
insurance. Every time he sees the
engines racing along his heart comes
up in his throat if the Ore. is anywhere
near his place. What folly, what mis
t ikcn economy.
THE COST OF is so small that it
INSURANCE need hardly be
onsldercd. Tho freedom from worry
alone is worm it many tunes over
Have us Insure you to-day.
0. Cm TTREIELm
Reliable insurance.
Choice alfalfa and prairie hay for
sale. Inquire of Ned Urlmes.
STRAYBD-A bandy colored sow,
weight 2.10 Reward. Mrs. Com Pit
ney, Inavale,
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