jB'ffw'M ?xr ..J..Tt.ga a., -, aa,v.uJsa-'-.- ,.JiJSi'tfwaffl. '.i -, JS. kXU' i ViaW-IjI ta0fciMiB4i&J5JiW?BAiV w 3oi(!MKBa bAisatf!ia& J v k . How to Win Games Some General Rules that All Players Both on the Field and in the Grandstand Should Understand By Hugh 5. (Copj rtebt, lUlS, bj Detroit lost a world's championship by doing ono Uttlo thing wrong. Chi cago throw away two by wrong se lecting. Pittsburgh, with tho highest honor wtthlti grasp, choso wrong Just once and was beaten. Philadelphia's great Athletics catno near defeat at tho hands of a much weaker team by two bits of faulty play. Not ono of theso vital things that affected great scries wns un error that showed In tho scores. They wero examples of how the wisest of players and man agers will inuko tho wrong choice 'when ono of two things must bo done. Tho plays. considered here aro those that aro played over and over when tho "If club" is in session. For, given n situation and tho stage of the gume, nlnety-nlno out of a hundred major lcaguo players can tell you exactly how that play should bo nmdu. It is tun purposo of this nrtlclo not so much to show how plays should bo made, as when. A perfectly executed play may bo correct nt ono time, and entirely wrong n moment later. I am going on tho assumption that every boy in America knows how to play baseball, and understands tho rules, which are tho baseball primer. This tells how tho primer is Interpreted and applied by major league players. As regards offensive buseball. the making of runs. There are two great types of teams; tho teams that play for ono run at a time (a class now heavily handicapped), nnd those that play for runs in bunches. Inside the last two years a change In conditions has forced a revolution in play and has brought a period of systematic attack with a view of making a bunch of runB at ono time. Roughly speak ing It may bo Bald that for live years tho American lcaguo has been devel oping this system -while most of tho National lcaguo teams wero "ono run at a tlmo" clubs. The exceptions wero tho Now York Giants in tho Na tional, which played tho bunched runs gamo, and tho Chicago Whito Sox, a team -that, being strong In pitchers and weak In hitters, played for ono run. Tho team that plays for ono run at a tlmo must havo supreme confldenco In Its pitchers. Tho entire system Is based on tho supposition that the pitcher is strong enough to hold tho opposing team to a low score. I havo seen Connie Mack's Athlet ics, tnTeo runs behind, perhaps In the. fourth or fifth inning, supremo in their confidence in their pltchor, mako tho ono run safe, and crawling up run by run, tie and then win out. The Chi cago White Sox, under Fielder Jones, and tho Chicago Cubs during the time that Chanco possessed pitchers upon whom ho could rely, played the samo stylo of ball and won."13ut ns condi tions of tho gamo change, tho stylo of play to meet them rmiBt albo chango. Thoro are three ways of reaching first baso: A base on balls, by being hit by a pitched ball, by hitting tho ball. Tho first two methods aro bo closely allied as to be one, and they form by far the most Important part of the system of attack of any club. No team ever won a pennant that was not a "waiting team" that is, ono that could compel tho opposing pitch er to "put 'om over In tho groove." It does not necessarily follow that to be a "good waiting team" a team must draw many frco passes to first. The object Is not so much to force the pitcher to servo four wide pitches as i' &$& .'"A',?, MS& ?,'' V--, "Robberl" to force him to use his full strength, and to got him In tho hole," which In baseball means to force him into a position where, to avoid giving a pass, ho must pitch tho ball ovor the plato If tho count Is two and no strikes, tho hatter Is morally certain the next ball will be over tho plato, whether It is straight or a curvo and ho aUo knows that, In his anxiety to make certain of throwing tho ball over tho plato, the pltchor will not daro "put ub much on" tho ball as ho would do If thero were two strikes and ono or two balls called. Therefore ho U "iiiiiii - i jh - '( A,, 'A bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb&H '.sbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbkI 9HBBHHB Fullerton VT. U. Chapman) practically certain that tho next ball will be a good one to hit, and ho will "set hlniBelf," "grab a too hold," and doublo his chances of a baso hit. Ordinarily both tho Detroit team and tho Athletics aro good waiting teams, teams that havo opposing pitch ors In distress perhaps as often as any clubs. Yet Detroit threw away a World's championship that looked easy, and tho Athletics camo near the samo fate, by lapses In their system. In tho World's series between Pitts burg nnd Detroit It looked as If tho Pirates did not hnvo curve pitchers enough, or of sufficient quality, to pro vent Detroit from slugging Its way to victory. Fred Cmrk wbb forced to fall back upon Adams, a fairly good, but not sensational curve ball pitcher, who was young and Inexperienced. In tho opening gamo Adams wns as nervous nnd shaken as any pitcher ever wns. He was trembling nnd whlto from nervousness and the strain. Ho passed tho first batter without getting a ball over tho plate, and with Hush, ono of tho best waiters and ono of tho hardest men in tho business to pitch to nt bat, Adams seemed In dire strnits. There Jennings mado tho greatest mlstnko of his career. He Manager Clark of Pittsburgh. signaled' Bush to sacrifice on the first ball pitched. There was a groan from a dozen baseball men who realized that Jennings practically was refus ing to lot Adams throw away bis own gamo. Bush bunted, Dotrolt scored, but had Bush been permitted to wait, Detroit probably would havo won that gamo in the first inning, driven Adams' off tho slab, and, had they done that Adams nover would havo pitched again in that scries; as 'It was he steadied, won tho game, camo back stronger and again still stronger and won tho championship for Pittsburg. In spite of that lesson Connie Mack did exactly tho samo thing In tho World series In 1911, refused to let Marquard throw away his gamo in tho first Inning, and almost lost tho gamo by It. Ono of tho mysteries of baseball for many years has been tho excessive hitting power of every team Connie Mack, commander of tho Athletics, leads. I believe the secret of his suc cess lies In this Jockeying with pitch ers, waiting persistently to get the pitcher outguessed and puzzled and then breaking up tho gamo with long drives. I believe that Mack has the following system of upsetting oppos ing pitchers, no matter how effective they may be: His team starts to. do ono thing In tho first Inning. If It starts to wait on the pltchor It waits consistently, every batter doing ex actly the samo thing. Perhaps for three Innings, every batter will wait as long as posslblo before hitting. Then, just as tho opposing pitcher be gins to flguro that the Athletics will take a strlko or two and begins shoot ing the first ball over, the Athletics change and each man swings with full force at the first ball.'Somotlmes thoy do this for two Innings, until tho pitcher changes; then thoy will lot the iirSrball go and every batter will hit the second ball. They keep at It un til, In some Inning, they get tho clus ter of drives for which they havo been playing, pound out a bunch of runs and win. Thero Is no way of proving the theory, except by the scores, as Mack Is about as communlcatlvo as a deaf and dumb diplomat, but In the scores I analyzed It was remarkable to see how many of the Athletics did the same thing, and hit the same ball (n certain innings. The idea of the sys tem seems to be to force the pitcher to do tho guessing, rather than to try to outguess him. And such a system, persisted In and changed suddenly, would- explain the httless, fruitless In nings during which some pitcher seemed to havo tho Champions at his mercy, and tho sudden, slam-bang on slaught brings victory. There is science and skill In tho actual hitting fit a ball, but the real valuo of hitting lies In advancing run nors who already are on bases: Tho sncrlflco bunt, tho bunt and run, the hit and run and hitting as tho. runner starts, aB differentiated from the hit and run. No club that simply at tempts to drive tho ball safe can win consistently. Tho batter must help tho bnso runner und cover his moves Just as surely as, In war, tho nrtlllory must cover a cavalry or Infantry charge. Tho hit and run consists of tho bat tor giving or receiving a signal so that both ho and tho runner know thnt on tho next pitched ball tho runner Is going to start for tho next baso. Tho duty of tho batter then Is to hit tho ball and toward the spot most llkoly to bo vacated by tho Inflelder who goes to tnko tho throw at second baso. But tho hit and run, effectlvo as it has proved, has been found Inferior to tho run nnd hit. Tho difference Is that tho dftemy has no chanco to dis cover In advance what tho piny Is to bo. In tho hit and run tho passing of signals often warns tho opposing catcher or pitcher of tho Intent to make tho play. Tho result Is that tho pitcher "pitches out" (thnt Is, throws tho ball to tho catcher so far from tho plato that tho batter cannot hit It) and tho catcher, being prepared, throws out tho base runner. Besides, olther tho runner or batter may miss tho signal, with disastrous results. Still tho Blgnal Is absolutely neces sary when new players aro on a team, und often between veterans, especially when the runner Is a dashing and In- ventlvo playor. Tho greatest of teams and players havo been for n number of years abandoning tho hit and run and playing run and hit; that is, tho runner starts, when ho sees tho best opportunity nud tho battor, Boeing him going, protects him by hitting tho ball or by hitting at It, so ns to hamper tho fteedom of tho catcher's move ments. .Crawford and Cobb, of the Do troll team, have used this sstoiii with wonderful success, and Crawford sel dom fulls to cover Cobb's movements. Thu "All Star" team of WlO, which prepared tho Athletics tor their ilrst championship, was composed of about as quick thinking n crowd of play era us could be assembled. They held a meeting befpro thoy went Into the llrst game against thu champions and discussed signals. TheBccoud base man, shortstop and catcher agreed on sliui.lo slcim to notify thu lulleld whether tho shortstop or second base man would take tho throw ut' second. Then they decided not to attempt any other signal, but to play run and hit. Not ouco, during tho entire series In which they beat the Champions de cisively, .did ny batter fall to see tho runner start, or neglect to pro tect him. Tho run and lilt Is, of course, ex tremely dilllcult for Inexperienced players. It requires a quick oye, u quick wit and a quick swing to hit tho bull after catching a llcetlng glimpse of tho runner moving. Tho run and hit Is tho most effect lvo stylo of attack yot devised, nnd es pecially adapted to tho now conditions, its usefulness as a run producer and In advancing runners being greatly increased aftor the adoption of tho livelier ball, lato In 1910. Thoro Is not, nor over can be.nny fixed rulo regarding base running. It is all a study of tho stages of tho game. When ono run Is needed, any way to get to second baso from llrst la the proper way. Remember that, In base running, tho moro tho situation seems to call for an effort to stent thu less chanco to steal Is given. Tho oppos ing pitcher knows that, with two out and a run desperately needed, tho run ner on first will probably nttompt to steal on the first pitched ball; therefore he watches tho bnsoB inoro closely, tho catcher Is expecting tho attempt, nnd Is fortified, tho second baseman and shortstop exchange sig nals and decide, which will receive the throw. Therefore the runner who steals on "tho wrong ball," that Is, steals whef. tho best authorities do claro a steal should not bo mado, Is much moro llkoly to accomplish tho steal than 1b the ono who runB at thu proper Instant. In other words, when you must you seldom can, and when you don't need to It Is easy. During last season In both tho major leagues tho runners violated every previously ac cepted rule. They stole with nono out, with one or two out, stole on the first, second, third or fourth ball pitched, stole oven with tho count ono strlko and threo balls. The season was a reversion to thb baseball of 15 years ago In baso running. After reaching second baso tho prob lem of tho steal is much more compli cated. Most managers oppose steal ing third, except In rare cases, on tho grounds that tho risk does not justi fy the gain, ns a hit or a bad error will score a runner from second as easily as it will from third. In regurd to the stealing of third. With a runner on second and no ono out, tho Bacrltlco bunt, oven with the new ball, seems tho play If tho score is close that Is, close enough for ono run to tie, or put tho attacking team in tho lead. With one out tho steal Is Justified, especially when tho fielders around Bccond do not hold up runners or when tho pitcher notoriously is weak in watching bases. In that sit uation I would advise attempts to steal at every opportunity provided the team is ahead or only one run be hind. If more than two runs behind, stay at second and wait for'hlts; tho chances of scoring on short passed balls, wild pitches, or fumbles that would not permit scoring from second are too small to bo counted on. Tho only Justification for stealing third with two out, In my mind, is-that tho runner intends to bump or Interforo with tho third baseman and strive to forco him or scaro him Into letting tho ball go past far enough to pormlt Bcorlng. This evidently was McQraw's Idea In at IcnBt two cases during tho last world's sorles either that or his base runners blundored most aston ishingly. Stealing homo Is Justifiable only un der tho most despcrnto conditions or ugalnst a pitcher who palpably Is so "rattled" that ho Is blind to every thing except thu man ut thu plate and allows tho runner a Hying start. Then an Instant of hesitation by tho pitcher may mnko the steal n succubb. It Is good Judgment, nt times, for a Hoot, daring man who Is n good slldor, to steal when tho batter Is helpless bo foro n pitcher and wlion two are out. The doublo steal, executed with run ncrB on llrst nnd third is, according to tho closest students of tho gamo, proper under tho following conditions: When two men nro out nnd a weak batter or a slow runner Is nt tho plato, nnd when ono run Is needed to win the game tho play In the latter enso be ing JiiRtlflnblo with no one out, or with two out but not with only ono out. Many Judges object to tho play unless two aro out but last season I saw It worked repeatedly by clover teams with no ono out. With runners on fliM nnd third and a decent cntchor w oi king, tho doublo steal worked to get a runner over thu pinto, ought not to succeed In more than two cases In boven. In the defensive end of tho game every situation Is a study of the bat ter, and, going boond the Individual battels It la n study of the stage of the game. The great problems of the game nro: When to piny the lulleld chwe, to choose between uttomptlng u double play when runners atu on lii. m and third and letting the run count, und above nil to place thu out llt'lilt'ts with regurd to the stages of the gamo. Tho commonest blunders of rcnllv guat managers and plaors are made In the disposition of thu outlleld A gient many captains who anango their lulleld carefully pay little utten tlon to the second Hue of defense, and nally they icly moie upon the In dividual brain work of tho outlleld than they do of the hlllelders This Is partly becaur.o they aro more close ly In touch with thu lulleld and pnrtl because of the fuw r (buncos for the outlleld to get Into n vital play. Tho outlleld piolilonm really aro moie vexing than those of tho lulleld Tho situation mainly Is forced upon tho lulleld. With a runner on t lilt il and one or none out, nud the run menus u tie or defeat, the lulleld Is compelled to cotuo foiwntd. In tho cully Mages of the game tho manager Is foiced to duido whether to allow tjiu run to fa(ore, or to try to cut II off. and must base his Judgment on ""tho ability of his pitcher to hold the other team to n low score, und of his own hltteis to bat in enough runs to win. Tenuis such as Betiolt and tho Athletics, haul-hitting nnd free scoring tenuis, can afford to let thu other team gain u run, rather than risk Its getting two or three, us thoy can scoro moro later. Teams such ns tho old Chicago Whlto So, "tho httless wonders" of tho American lenguo, could not allow tho opposing team a run nnd hud to play tho closest Insldo gamo. Muny of tho better mujor lenguo teams, that Is, those possessing fast Inllolders, will vary tho play when runners nro on llrst nnd third, one out nud a run to be cut off from the plato by playing tho llrst baseman und third baseman closo, and bringing tho short stop und second baseman forward only part of tho way holding them in position either to mnko a long fast throw to the plato or to try for tho doublo play from second to (lrst. I hnvo seen Evers nnd Tinker mako tho doublo play from second to llrst even whon both wero playing cloac, chang ing their plan like u flash, coveting second und relaying tho ball to ilrst ut top speed, although they had played in to throw to tho plato. One of tho greatest variations of tho play I over witnessed was mado by Mclnnls of tho Athletics. Collins nnd Barry wero playing perhaps twolvo foet closer to tho plato than they ordi narily do, runners wero on first and third, ono out nnd a run needed to beat tho champions. Collins and Bar. ry Intended to try the doublo play If It was posslblo und to throw homo If .It was .not. Mclnnls and Baker wero Connie Mack. drawn closo with Intent to throw to tho plate. Tho ball was Jilt to Mclnnls on the second short bound, or rathor to his right, nnd as ho was coming for ward and scooped tho ball porfectly, ho had an ousy ploy to the plato. In stead of throwing there he flashed tho ball llkn a shot to Burry at second base, whirled, raced for first and caught Barry's return throw on top of tho bag, completing the doublo play. It was a wondorful piny both In thought and execution, but I do not advlso any other first basoman to at tempt It. vm'- 4fLfcsv sisfc v m XT' i .BBBBBsV s'' SV IRE EXPERT SHOTS Albanians Perform Remarkable Feats With Odd Weapons. Hit Target About Size of Dime at; Hundred Yards Men Who Miss Are Ridiculed by Crowd and Punished. Scutari. Tho Albanian-rlflomon nr said to bo among tho most skillful Id tho world. Indeed, their fcuts ol marksmanship, oven In boyhood, nro so extraordinary as to seem uncanny. On ono occnslou n curious exhibi tion of their skill wns shown when n target about tho size of u dime was placed on n tree, to bo shot nt from a dlstnnco of n hundred yards by a body of men marching in single lllo. As each of tho ten men passed tho target ho tired, so quickly that It scumed ho scarcely ntmed nt nil. Not one man missed. Tho same ten men marched double-quick, firing without tho slight est hesitation, nnd but ono marksman missed thu target. Tho weapons usud were the usual Albanian gun a long, ornate affair, carrying a ball about tho size of n hazel nut. Ono young Albanian stepped for ward nud thtew a bit of stono Into the ntr with ono band and shot it into plocea with tho other. This font was duplicated by several other marks-, men. A gold ring wns placed upon n treo nnd nearly every Albanian put n bnll through it without touching it. Thou eight Uttlo boys, from tho ages of eight to ten, put bulls through tho samo ring. Such men as missed tho mark wero, nmld the laughter of the crowd, con demned to stand with an earthen cruse of coloicd wntcr on their heads to bo shot at by tho others. So two men stepped forward, nud Uttlo cruses wero cnrefully set on their heads, whilo two other mnrksmon, each a brother to tho man ho umcd at, camo Albanian Soldier. forward and shot. Immediately tho men shot at wero covered with tho colored water, which trickled over their faces and clothing, while frag ments of tho jugs lay all about them. Some of the marksmen were so cer tain of aim that tho members of their families stood llko stoics and permit ted thorn to shoot at eggs, applos'and so forth placed upon their heads. SPARTAN TEST FOR BOYS Asked to Stop Eating Pies, Cheap Candy and Crullers In New York City. Now York. Now York schoolboys havo boon asked to start, and contlnuo at least a month, a test in self-donlal, In which thoy will abstain from using cheap candles, unwholcsomo pies, crul lers and greasy pastry, nnd soda water flavored with highly-colored sirups. Tho publo schools athletic league makes tho request, and promises the boys who kcop their pledgo that they will excel In all athletic contests to be held In Central Park whon 10,000 young athletes will participate In a festival of sports. Tho league also has obtained pledges from tho boys not to ubo alcoholic bev erages or smoke cigarettes. Run a Poker Qame; Expelled. Philadelphia, Pa. Cyrus Cummlngs Jones of Brooklyn and Jaffry Byron Davidson of Red Bank, N. J., were ex pelled as students In tho dental school of the University of Pennsylvania aft er It was discovered they had opened a poker room for students. Tho "game" was run In an exclustvo apart ment houso across from tho college. . Bones 2,100 Years Old Found. Geneva, Switzerland. Prof. Pels' sard, tho government archcologlst, In excavating at Blassous, near Frlbourg, has found Imbedded In quartz tho bonea of a woman, togother with some Jewelry of tho Gallic-Helvetic period, B. C. ICO to 200. Tho ornaments were a bronze necklaco and a bracelet set with pieces of blue gloBs, sr'i' i '-TSBB BBBBdeivv' BA abbf SBaBaBSJBBBErowBvvIBBBS. PBbtBBBBSBBBBBl I i r !' " 'r I f ' i 1 S!gggyMtMSJErfyljesBBM.ewwMMWMW SAVING STEPS MEANS MUCH 1 Big Thing to Mlmlmlze Amount of Work Thnt Is Necessary to Bs Done. Wo might sny thnt motion study is a developed analysis of our old foo, "stop-tnklng." Wasted stops aro tho chief cause of tho fatigue of tho housewife. Besides the chief remedy, of bettor arrangement we hnvo step flavors llko tho kitchen cabinet, the, dish cart, revolving "Inzy Susan"; trays for tho dining-room table, nnd,' othordovlces. Chief among our list of Inbor-snvcrs Is n washing machine, which, after an oxtcnslvo national Investigation, wns clussed 80 per cent, high as a lnbor Bavor. Tho vacuum, or suction sweeper, mangles, moat choppers, bread-mixers, sliver cleaning pan and many others hnvo dono much to abol ish tho drudgury of housowork. Fuel seeniB to bo tho largest Item of expenso in running tho kitchen. Any dovlco, then, which will save fuel should bo considered seriously by tho economical hnuaowlfo. Tho llrcless cooker, tho three-deckod steamor, or cooker, teakettles with "Insots" so that food may bo cooked while thu tea kottlo Is used to heat water, lead our list of fuol savers. Others am the covered sad Irons, tho small hooded covers or ovens for ono holo of a gaB or gasoline stovo and tho small portable oven, which saves us ing a larger oven. GOOD METHOD OF STARCHING Most Housewives Have Their Own. Way of Doing This Important Part of Their Work. When boiled starch Is used, it Bhould always bo first mixed with a Uttlo cold watur until It is smooth, and then gradually mixed with bulling wa ter and cooked. Somo" houso wives add keiosene, somo a Uttlo sugar, and somo buttqr, to insure brilliancy and smoothness of finish. Whatever la ndded should bo thoroughly added with the starch. Many persons find It easlor to use always tho kind of starch which does not requlro conking. ThlB starch Is mixed with a Uttlo cold water, then with boiling water until It becomes clear. It Is then ready for use. Tho articles for starching aro tmmorsed in tho starch and wrung as dry as pos sible, then thoroughly dried, sprinkled nnd Ironed. r Tho finer tho articles to be starched, tho moro caro should bo taken In got ting tho Btnrch of Just tho right thick ness and texture and In drying tht articles thoroughly boforo they an sprinkled for Ironing. Chlffonade Salad. Any of tho vegetables In season, such as lettuce, romalno, tomato, beets, colory, etc., may be used as tho basis of this salad. Tho namo cornea from tho drossiug, which Is mado as follows: Tako ono hard boiled egg and mash It as fluoly as possible with, a fork, add two pinches of paprika, a pinch of salt, half a teaspoonful of) French mustard, a teaspoonful of unshod chlvos, two tablcBpoonfuls of oil, and three tnblespoonfuls of vine gar. Add this to tho salad, mix ln woll, and servo. Maple Ice Cream. This Is not an Inexpensive cream because thero will bo nooded tho yolks of live eggs, two cups each of cream nnd maplo sirup. Heaf'tho sirup and! pour over tho yolks of tho eggs that havo boon beaten until light colored. Stir constantly while mixing tho sirup and eggs, then cook until thick llko a custard. Cool In a bowl, stirring1 now and thon. Add a teaspoon of vanilla flavoring and two cups of cream. Freeze, using three parts lea to one of salt. . Rhubarb Conserve. Ono pint rhubarb, cut Into Inch lengths, one-half pint red raspberries, one-half pint of red currants, one-half pint of raisins (seeded), one-halt pound English walnut meats chopped medium flno, Julco'of two lomons, rind of ono or two oranges. Use peel also. Cook the orango peel first and cut ' Into strips. Weigh and uso equal amount of sugar. Ball three hours or , less, not hard. Every one try this, for it Is the best ovor. To Remove Mildew Stains. Mildew stains on linen can often bo removed qulto successfully in the fol lowing way: Mix a small quantity of soft soap with tho same proportion oP powdered starch and salt and tho Juice of a lemon. Apply this mixturo to, both sides of the stain with a smallj brush, and, If posslblo, let tho artlclej lie on tho grass all day and night un-l til the stains havo quite disappeared. Then wash in tho usual manner, Spider Corncake, Ono and one-quarter cups cornmeal, two cups sour milk, ono teaspoon soda, one teaspoon salt, two eggs, two table-; spoons butter, mix soda, salt and corn-i meal, gradually add eggs well beaten and milk. Heat frying pan, grease: sldoB and bottom of pan with butter,! turn In the mixture, placo In middle grate In hot oven and cook twenty), minutes. You can halve this. Ginger Candy. Dissolve one pound white sugar In halt pint wator and boll until a thick sirup, then add ono teaspoon ground ginger to a Uttlo of tho sirup and when, smooth stir it Into tho whole. BolC until It threads, add the grated rind, of; a lemon and boll again, stirring all the) tlmo until the hard ball stags la reached. Drop with a spoon la snail cakes on a buttered tta. I I r i m ? t 2ktUjS4A .$$&$! kn 4. 't-'.t....- . .