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VER Binco man developed tHffaculty
for carving or molding representa
tions of the objects around him, much
of his Ingenuity hnB been devoted to
tho production of grotesque forms and
faces, as may bo seen In tho strange
collection of gargoyles and other fan
tastic decorations to bo found so
plentifully In tho architecture of all
countries. Yet long before man be
gan tolling with chisel and hammer
Nature was at work with very different tools,
carving oven more Interesting shapeB In her
mountains nnd rocks, and today sho Is still at
work lidding to tho collection.
Whon rambling nbout one winter In Corsica
I came ncross many striking examples of her
handiwork, rcmarkablo not only for their quaint
forms, but ns examples of a very peculiar pro
cess of weathering. In ono district where tho
rocks nro principally gray granite, my daughter
nnd I wore attracted by tho curious nppenranco
of somo rocks sharply outlined against thq sky
on a lonely mountain top, so we started off to in
vestigate. Aftor a stiff climb through the "maquls," dur
ing which tho summit of tho hill was hidden, wo
arrived at an open space and were almost startled
as wo found ourselves suddenly confronted by n
sort of nondescript hippopotamus with n most
evil leer in his eye, nnd who cocked hlB little car
as If to ask what right humans had on tho en
chanted ground over which ho stood sentry. For.
Indeed, ho was only nn advanco gunrd, as n llttlo
further on n giant sen-lion reared up In indigna
tion to a height or twenty feet with projecting
tusks and threatening aspect, while just beyond
Hood n wiiolo company of weird companions
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Wo wero not to bo daunted, however, and cs
Bayed to pass tho sentry, when ho unmistakably
and undoubtedly rolled his oyo and blinked at us.
Wo both stopped short and otared, but his eye.
which had at first beenf wido open, remained
closed in a wicked wink. Had we been supersti
tious wo certainly Bhould not havo stayed to in
vestigate. As It was, wo found the eye wbb
formed by a hole worn right through tho granite,
with a projecting pleco in tho Interior forming
the eyeball, and as wo moved our position the
change of anglo gradually cut off tho light which
Bhono through tho eyeholo and produced thlB
startling effect Reassured by thlB explanation,
wo braved tho sea-lion and approached tho main
company. "Surely," I exolnlmed, "this muBt havo
been' a council of tho antediluvians!" for thero
on tho left was somo ancient species of owl
ruffling up his feathers and looking askance at
something boyond him. On tho right", perched
on a higher rock, stood a dragon or pterodactyl,
while extended on tho foreground was what
might well pass for a recumbent pleslosaunis.
Tho sighjt of this strange assembly, however,
had given my daughter very different idea.
She declared it only proved tho truth of the old
northern legends which 'tell how "dwarfs" and
"trolls," if caught out after sunrise, are turned
into grotesque rocks. This., mountain top was
clearly a place whero these weird people hold
their mighty revels, and. Judging from tho com
pany around-many reckless revellers had evi
dently been "caught out late" nnd had paid the
penalty. And here let me say that none of the
photographs is "faked" or altered in any way.
They represent tho rocks exactly as they existed,
without any alteration whatever. The mere out
ward forniB of the rockB shown In the first three
photographs are Indeed remarkable, but we bo
came fascinated with the desire to discover what
agencies Nature had employed in producing such
results in this hard granite. It was at first very
puzzling, but light Beemod at length to bo thrown
on the problem by studying the forms of other
rocks in tho Island.
Photographs No. l (red granite) and No. 0
(gray granlto) show examples of a remarkable
form of cavernous weathering very common In
many parts of Corsica. The numerous caverns
in the mass of red granite In No. 1 are each of
them large enough to accommodate two or threo
people, and are of a more or Icbb orbicular form
Inside, so that tho roof of tho cavern is consid
erably above this edge of tho outward opening.
This construction Is well shown in No. 6, an out
lying piece of gray granlto on the seacoast, In
which more of tho front has boen worn away.
My doughtor 1b looking out through an opening
In tho sldo, and this will servo to glvo an Idea of
the bIzo of tho interior. Now both tho red nnd
gray granite are solid bard rocks on the outside,
showing no looso particles of'any kind, but If you
enter ono of tho caverns and draw your flngera
along the roof you are greetod by a shower of
tiny fragments falling upon you. The same thing
happens with some of tho sides of the interior,
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but not to such an extent, and it Is evident that
tho wasting is taking place most quickly in an
upward dlieclon. Now bow are wo to account
for the formation of theso cavernB?
Among the most common and powerful agents
causing the weathering of rocks are rain, froBt,
and wind, but at those levels in Corsica where
tho rocks photographed occurred tho climate is
comparatively dry and hot. Thora is llttlo rain,
and practically no frost. It Is clear that what
rain there is cannot to any extent gain access to
the Interior of those caverns, and tho same re
mark applies to tho wind. In fact, it was our
regular practice to mnko uso of these hollow
rocks as shelters hi which to sit whon out sketch
ing, and very welcomo they were when wind and
rain assailed us. Wo often came across a great
bouldor, hollowed out with Just a Bldo entrance,
which had been appropriated by a shepherd and
made Into a convenient hut by building up part
of tho entra,nco with a few stoneB. InUhe neigh
borhood of Calvl such rocks were' in great de
mand as pigsties. A little yard ward built round
tho entrance and the piggies, llko the conies,
"had their houses In the rocks." More than onco
we mot with caBos where a front of masonry bad
been built onto a largo cavern, with windows,
doors and all complete, and modern man had
again become a cave dweller, '
The formation of theso IioIIowb remained a
puzzle to ub until my son suggested that the
cause might bo sought for in a much less boister
ous agent than wind, rain or frost, and that, in
fact, whero theso had failed to produce much Im
pression, the hard granite had succumbed to the
continued action of tho "gentle dew."
In following out this suggestion, tho following
.considerations havo presented themselves. In
Corsica tho Bun la very hot during tho day, and
tho nights are cold by contrast, bo that much-dew
Ib deposited. Hut when the rocks aro wetted on
tho outer surface by dew or rain, although a
mlnuto portion of their constituents may at first
be dissolved, yet as soon as the aun or wind dries
them, theso soluble substances are again solidi
fied, and In tho process somo of them at least are
changed Into a much less solublo condition than
they wero before, so that eventually a hard crust
is formed all over tho exposed portions of the
rock, and upon this tho action of molsturo Is very
slow indoed. nut whero a small holo exists in
the rock tho action is quicker. Tho inside of the
holo, and espoclnlly tho upper part of It, is
slightly screoned from tho sun and wind, tho dow
which has been doposltcd In It Ib not so quickly
dried up, and the dissolved substances do n6t be
come much hardened again. This goes on until
quite a llttlo hollow or cavo is formod which
eatB ltB way Inwards and upwards Into tho rock.
Tho deeper the cavorn becomes tho cooler does it
remain, until at longth tho Innor parts, cooled
down to a low tomporafuro at night, remain so
cold as compared with the temperature of tho
air that dew la formed in them oven in tho day
time. They aro constantly damp and aro never
dried up. Hence the action goes on continuously
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tird comparatively rapidly,
dissolving tho Bolublo parts
and causing tho rest to fall
off In llakos until largo cav
ities aro formed.
As this weathering action
ruts its way deeper, and ap
proaches tho surfuco of tho
rock at any point, threaten
ing to wear a holo right
through it, it mectB with tho
hardened outsldo crust al
ready described, and Its
progress becomes very much
slower. ThlB may happen
not only bocnuso tho crust
Is harder, but bocauso the
part Is so thin that It gets
heated through by tho sun
and so the formation of dow
is checked.
An examplo of those outer
crusts remaining after the
rock below ,has boen eaten
away Is seen In photograph
No. C, and, of courso, similar
thin crusts generally exist
Immediately nround tho en
trancoB of all the caverns;
and although these outer
crusts nro vory durable, still
they also eventually crumble
awuy.
Now this curious weathering. think, oxplalnB
the production of tho nnlmal forms of our first
threo photographs. T jt
Turning to No. 4, tho BelloslrSeeoras prac
tlcally certain that thlB iiys was onco solid
from tho lower part of ftifOfcad down to tho
tooB, and tho remains of the sPH&s which havo
eaten this portion away aro cYelNbttp be soon
on tho front of tho nock and cheiWprhlle tho
tUBkB aro formed by porslstont fragments of hnrd
crust Similar causes havo contributed to the
formation of our hippopotamus, No. 3; and tho eye
Itself Ib a mtnlaturo cavorn, while several small
ones aro seen to bo commencing on tho faco and
neck. Tho process will of courso go on, and
who knows but that It may eventually result in
a new Instanco of tho evolution of a horao from
the hippopotamus. Tho snmo process can like
wise bo traced in tho members of the council in
No. 2, nnd tho constitution of tho committee will
no doubt vary as time goes on.
PETRIFY WITH THE HAND8.
Strange Claims of Paris Woman Is Being Tested
by Doctors.
A recent Issue of tho Paris Matin described
experiments In the mummification of such things
as moat, fish, oysters and oranges,, which is
claimed can bo dono by tho laying on of hands.
A few months ago at nordeaux Mmo. Raynaud
Ib said tp have petrified fish, oystonj, pieces of
meat, oranges and other perlshabln matter which
would Boon becomo putrid. This nlloged mummi
fication of matter, which was witnessed by sev
eral doctors, Is said to havo been dono simply by
the laying on of hands.
A test, the result of which Is expected to be
decisive, has now been undertaken by Dr. Gas
ton Durvlllo of Paris Dr. Socquet. a well-known
medical criminologist, gavo Dr. Durvlllo the other
day a hand cut from tho body of a man who had
beon asphyxiated. Dr. Durvlllo says that ho ex
pects within a fortnight to petrify this hand so
ns to prevent putrefaction.
Threo persons -Mmo. Raynaud, M. Plcot and
Dr. Durvlllo havo beon endeavoring to "mag
netize" tho dead hand by tho proccsB of imposi
tion of hands. Threo seancos, each lasting forty
five minutes, havo been hold.
Professor Dastre has examined certain matter
said to havo beon mummified at Bordeaux and
snys It still reekB with microbes of all kinds.
Dr. Durvlllo, however. Is certain that develop
ment of bacteria In dend matter can bo retarded
by tho Imposition of hands, which will 'prevent
typhoid fevor gorms from multiplying.
Mmo. Raynaud's first exemplifications of her
curious powers aro Bald to have been tho potrifl.
cation of fish, oranges, moat and other perlBh
able matter merely by pressing thorn betweon
her hands. Sho is a normal, healthy woman, ana
her hands show nothing, unuaual In their appear
ance.
.MURDER CULT IN AFRICA
Long Juju Is Again Revived by an
Aro Chief, Who Defies British
Officials.
Cnpo Town, Africa.- An appalling
dlory of tribal savagery comoH from
southern Nigeria, whero tho dreaded
,1ong Juju of Arochoku, which wan
thought to hnvo beon stamped out
by tho British expedition of ton yrnrs
ago, has' boon revived with nil its hid
coiih nr-censnrlr-fl of murder nnd Bin
very. Probably on account of tho fnct
that thn Long Juju, with its human
sacrifices, was thought to havo been
permanently wiped out after tho Urlt
lsh expedition, tho cult was never de
clared illegal, mid gradually and so
cretly n powerful Aro chief named,
Knmt Okoru collected Ihu scattered
remnants. Ho organised a staff of 1,-,
POO messengers, who wero perpetually)
trawling up and down over hundred'
of miles of territory. '
On nrrlvlng In a town tho secret!
messoiiger would Inquire If any of tho
peoplo woro accused of witchcraft or"
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Typical Believer in Long Juju.
other crime, or If any desired to ln
voko tho nld of tho chief ornclo, Chu
ku. Thoso consulting the ornclo woro
first takon before tho hcud chief, nnd,
aftor payment of rods equaling In
valuo nbout $0.25, wero passed on to'
tho officiating prlcstB, whero further
payment was exacted.
Any townsman nourishing enmity
ngnlnst another bribed tho Juju mes
senger, who thereupon ordored thq
man to go beforo tho ornclo, and tho
wretched victim wont unresistingly to
death or lifelong slavery.
In splto of tho vlgllanco of tho gov
ernment, until recently tho Aroa made
most of their wealth through the elavo
trado. Such wna tho power of tho
Juju emissaries that If thoy only point
led a finger at a man, woman or child
tho wretched rreaturo had to follow
jthem without thought of hesitation or
'resistance
Closely as tho dread secrets of the
Long Juju wero guarded, rumors nt
length reached tho government, and
the district commissioner, nt great per
sonal risk, mndo inquiries. Though
baffled for a time, ho was determined
to stamp out tho movemont, nnd tho
cult was mndo Illegal. Ah a result
further arrests woro Justified, and sev
eral of tho chief priests wero sen
tenced to death.
In order to nvengo their kin rela
tives of tho condemned men poisoned
tho commissioner's food, but luckily
antidotes were nt hand and the at
tempt only resulted In a severe illness.
Tho chief, Knnu Okoru, had safeguard
ed himself with such skill that it wns
found impossible to convict him of
murder, bo whllo subordinates suffered
tho extreme penalty, tho arch conspir
ator, who hns nmasscd a fortune of at
least 12,000,000, could only be con
demned to 'throo years' Imprisonment.
MQNASIEnr OF ZiGh 1
SENTENCED TO LOVE TEST
Boy and Girl Who Loved at First
Sight Ordered by Judge to Woo
for 8lx Months.
Chicago. Love at first sight and
all that sort of thing Ib romantic, but
sometimes the vision Ib clouded.
Judgo John R. Newcomer of the mu
nicipal court says so. That is why
ho sentenced a young couple to six
monthB of courtship.
The Judgo looked bonlgnly down
from the bench of the Sheffield avc
nuo court. Before him were Loretta
Brown of Kankakee and John Carr,
who resides at 6108 North Paulina
street.
Cupid bad shot his arrows in a
street car and thoy had pierced tho
hearts of thlB young couplo. It was
a caso of a glance, a smile and "let's
get married." The Judge wanted to
know all about it.
"Loretta," ho said, "would you like
to marry Mr. Carr?"
Tho proBpectlvo bride .blushed and
murmured in affirmative, Sho started
toward her sweetheart, who was 'smil
ing and holding out his hands toward
her. Then sho stopped, for the Judge
kept on asking questions.
When the questioning was over the
BmilcB bad turned to tears. Judge
Nowcomor was talking about new
laws.
"Hasty marriages," ho said, "almost
always result in, hasty divorces. I
don't llko them. So I sentenco you
to six months' courtship. Tho pro
posed new marriage laws advocate
such a plan and I think it a grand
dea."
Tho decision was a shock to Carr.
He knew that his was true love, for
ho was agreeing to marry Lorotta re
gardless of tho fact that sho had just
come from tho bridewell.
John could not possibly court Lo
retta at the prison, so the judge ar
ranged 'to obtain for her a position as
(Stenographer. Both will begin to
rve the courtship sentence
Ancient Edifice in Servia That
Was Built in 1207.
Small Chapel of Tenth Century Con
tains Many Frescoes Perfectly
Preserved, Except That Turks
8hot the Eyes Out.
TflchntBcbnk, Servia. Tho following
narratlvo was written by a woman,
who was tho first of her box to visit
tho Monastery of Zlca, near this city.
Sho tells of her experiences In tho an.
clcnt cdlllco. It follows:
Wo got nwny from Tschntschak at
two o'clock for tho Monastery of Zlca,
pronounced Schltschn, whlrh stands
high nmid tho mountains, fivo kllomo
)ent from Krnljevo. It wns built In
1207 and Is tho monastery In which.
Servian kings aro crowned, a special
door being nmda for each and walled'
up after tho ceremony. It wns hpro
that King Alexander Obrenowitsch,
poor unfortunate, was crowned In
'1S02, nnd tho present King Peter in
1001.
Two hours more of climbing and wo
arrived nt tho Cabana of Studonltzn,
befoio tho monastery gates. Insldo, to
our tmrprlse, nil was clean ami well
kupt tho paths, tho green turf, tho
trees laden with fruit ami well cared
for, nnd tho beautiful marblu church
Itself with Its linn doors and dome. Wo
woro Immediately received by tho arch.
Imnudrlte (bishop), tho hend of tho
monastery, who Boomed moBt dollghted
to soo ub nnd told mo I was tho first
stranger woman hu bnd ever rocotved.
Wo woro nt onco tnkon upstairs Into
tho guest rooms of tho convent n long
corridor of clean boards, tho only clean
rooms I had socn since I left homo.
Hero wo took tho Inevitable slatko and
Vory good sllvovltz and cabowitz, which
In a liquor mndo from grapes, nnd
then went Into tho churches tho first
and oldest, a umall chapel of tho tenth
century, full of old frescoes, in a per
fect' sttito of preservation except' that
tho Turks shot out tho eyes of the
saints whon thoy occupied tho ', con
vent. Thero nro fourteen or fifteen small
chnpols ono behind ttho cathedral
built by Stcpan Urosch, grandson of
tho holy Slmedn, who founded tho con-'
vent in 1314. Tho cathedral, of white
mnrblo, built in the twelfth cen
tury, is tho moBt beautiful monument
of old Servia and well worth the long
Journey to boo. Owing to a stupid ad
dition, tho beautiful old carved doors
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Monastery of Zlea, Near Kraljsvo,
j Servia.
are now inside tho church, but the en
tire interior is covered with frescoes
depleting tho birth of Christ and
scenes from the lives of tho saints, all
very brilliant in color and (owing to
t,he high, dry air, they say) in the
most wonderful stato of preservation.
Tho church was built by Stophan
Nomanja, king or emperor of Servia
in the twelfth century. His son, the
holy Sava, brought his bones from the
monastery of Chllonder on Mount
Athos, where be had been burled, and
was known by th'e name of Saint Sim
eon, and thoy now reposo in a much
locked metal casket which tho archi
mandrite, with qulto unknown amia
bility, unlocked for us. First, he laid
upon the breast a very holy cross,
,which he kisses, and kissed what I sup
pose was the head, for it was covered
with an embroidered cloth, and we did
likewise. Then wo each laid a contri
bution In the casket, which, as Stu
denltza is very rich, it probably did not
tneed in the least. It was qulto a sol
emn ceremony, fori after us came all
the escort, and even the coachman,
'who aa a devout Sorb had the chance
of his life, and afterward regarded us
with quite anothor eye and much add
ed respect.
FINED FOR TELLING' TRUTH
Russian Newspaper Editor Is Pun
ished as Government Aids Fam
ine Sufferers.
London. The editor of a newspa-
por in Tomsk, Russia, has been fined
$160 for publishing an article dealing
with tho destitution of tho inhabit
ants of tho district of Tomsk, where
hundreds of porsons aro on the verge
of otarvatlon aa a result of failure of
crops, Ho was notified that a repeti
tion of "such falso reports" would'
bring threo months' imprisonment,
without tho option of fine. The Rus-,
sian minister of the interior baa ap
proved an appropriation ot $660,000
"for tho relief of the famine sufferers
of Tomsk."
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