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NEW OIL GUN QUITE UNIQUE
Disk That Screws Through Center
ForccG Out the Liquid Flow Is
Easy and Uniform.
A new kind of oil gun thnt Is oper
ated by a screw Instead of by squeez
ing the reservoir has been designed by
u Wisconsin innn. Running through
the center of tho reservoir, which lo
in the handle of the gun, Is n thread on
which u screw disk 1b mounted. A lit
tle wheel at tho back end of tho ban
dlo operates this disk so that when tho
wheel Is turned tho disk Is forced
along the thread to tho front of the
Implement, thus forcing out any oil
or grcaso ahead of It through tho noz-
New Kind of Oil Gun.
zle. Tho advantage claimed for this
kind of an oil gun la that it not only
utilizes every drop of oil by getting
it all out of the cylinder but the flow
Is so easy and uniform that all tho lu
bricant gets In the places whero It Is
needed. In using the old style oil can
there was often a great deal wasted,
as It spurted all over when the can
was pressed und only part of It reach
ed tho points It was meant for.
NEW WAY TO CLEAN COFFEE
Colorado Man Invents Rather Compli
cated Apparatus for Separating
Beans Into Sizes.
A rather complicated but ingenious
apparatus for cleaning coffee, which
results in its separation into threo
sizes of beans, has been patented by
a Colorado man. A receiving drum
passes down through a suction pipe
and discharges over a cone-shaped sep
arator. As the coffee falls, an upward
draft Is created by suction, which car
ries the fine particles through the pipe
and down Into a chamber on the other
side,' where all that Is hopeless waste
is expelled through a scries of slots
and such fine particles as can bo used
A Coffee Cleaner.
for ground coffee fall into, a .waiting
receptacle. The larger beans drop
straight from the conical separator up
on an Inclined screen, with apertures
largo enough to admit undersized
beans, which fall into a pan below.
The largest beans, which might be
classified as prime, roll down the
screen into a cup at the bottom.
Use for Old Paving Blocks.
A great deal of wood block is made
use of in tho paving of the streets of
London, and the machine has been re
cently built by which these blocks are
renovated after having been taken up
from tho street after a period ot use
fulness. Heretofore those blocks have
been discarded after removal, but
now they are separated and placed In
the machine, where an adjustment
.saw removes just as much of tho
block as is necessary to give It a
smooth and .even surface for relaying.
Of course, the blocks are somewhat
thinner and lighter, but they are avail
able for many years ot wear If placed
whoro tho traffic is not so heavy.
Rubber Found In Rhodesia.
Tho world Is searching everywhere
far rubber. Now comes word that
the unexplored region of northern
(Rhodesia has rubber areas to an un
limited extent
Gray Tint for Brass.
Take 20 parts of tartar emetic and
add Just enough hydrochloric acid to
dissolve; then dilute with half the to
tal volumo of water. Apply to the
brass.
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REVIVAL OF OLD INDUSTRIES
Canada Furnishes Beautiful Home,
spuns In Wool and Linen for Chil
dren's Frocks and Gowns.
From tho homo Industries of Can
adn como beautiful homespuns In woo!
and linens, woven mid dyed by hand,
which aro charming In color and tex
ture, snys tho Handicraft. These arc
being used by two of our United
States Industries In making chlldren'i
frocks and dressing gowns.
Tho Old Glory Union at Hourne
Mnss., and tho Aquhlnock Cottage In
dustrlcfl of Newport, It. I., Ilnd dlfll
eulty In filling tho demand for these
handmade gnrmentn, which are dls
tlnctlvo in design and showing an ap
plication of nocdlccraft out of tho po
sltlon is usually occupies.
Tho Haalcot Shop in Holfonetto, Pa.,
produces baskets tnndo by tho towns
people under tho direction and from
the designs of nblo craftsworkors whe
novo been In their town, aided by an
expert in getting tho best results in
dyclug. Tho settlements) In many ot
tho largo cities nro getting good re
sults In nccdlecrart and in making
pottery. Tho Ilohemlan Needlework
Guild in Now York nnd tho Paul He
vero Pottery In, Hob ton are notable ex'
amplcs.
Tho Kecno Valley tapestries mado
In tho Adtrondacks by tho guides'
wives (in thoir homes from special de
signs 'by Pamela Coleman Smith nnd
under tho nblo direction of Mrs.
George Notmnn nro remnrkablo exam
ples of leaving and aro good from
every standpoint. Mado to order from
special doslgns nnd with the colors
dyed to harmonize with any surround
ings they fill a need long felt by In
terior decorators.
FRESH AIR TO WELL DIGGERS
Danger of Firedamp Eliminated by Uso
of Collecting Sheet, as Shown In
llluotratlon.
In localities whero firedamp exists
underground, It Is a difficult and dan
gerous undertaking to dig n well as
tho digger often loses his life by enter
ing tho deadly gas, which, being heav
ier than air, Is found at tho bottom of
Fresh Air In Well.
tho well. If firedamp Is suspected, a
lighted candlo may be lowered to the
bottom of tho well and If the gas Is
present the candlo will bo extinguish
ed. A method of furnishing fresh air to
the person who Is working down in tho
well is shown in tho accompanying
sketch. An air collecting sheet, a
pleco of ordinary sheeting about 2
yardB wide and 3 yards long, is fast
ened to tho posts, says a writer in the
Popular Mechanics. A pipe, 6 or 7
Inches in diameter, Is mado of the
same cloth with an enlarged funnel
shaped end which Is sewed to the bot
tom end of tho atr-collecting sheet
Hoops are placed in the cloth pipe at
suitable distances to keep the pipe
open for the freo passage of air. The
edges ot the air sheet should be re
inforced so it will stand the pressure
of the wind. The end of the cloth pipe
should hang near the digger's bead.
INDUSTRIAL
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CHANIGAL
NOTESS
Arkansas has the only diamond mint
id the world, outside of Africa, in Plk
county.
The American shoe manufacturer it
extending bis sales In all parts ol
tho world.
Powdered milk will form part of tb
food supply of an Australian antarctic
expedition.
A wood substitute made of, dried
grass is being experimented wltt
abroad for match making.
Pulverized street rubbish and coal
tar havo been found fo make good
fuel briquettes in Amsterdam.
Interesting tests In Germany have
shown thnt pens made of tantalum
outwear those made of steel or gold,
Flour, when compressed, will keep
for, an almost Indefinite time. Its bulk
Is decreased by the process one-third.
American sandpaper is popular In
Germany, despite the fact that Its cost
is higher than that of tho domestic
product.
Tho effect of seasoning wood is to
bring into the same space 10 per cent,
more of tho fibers than when tbo wood
was green.
Pearls aro now In great demand and
increasing in value.. A necklaco cost
ing 28,000 not long ago was recently
sold for $90,000.
For his assistance In putting the
jute Industry of Bengal, India, on a
profitable basis, an American Is to re
ceive a fee of 25,000.
The manufacture of specially light
and resilient tires for aeroplane
wheels has become an Important tea
turo of the tire making Industry.
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N the Island of Porto Itlco
"winter Is nlways summer,
and the summer months as
far as temperaturo Is con
cerneddo not vary much
from thoBo of winter. It Is certainly
an Ideal resort for thoBo who wish to
escape the cold.
Tim i-llmnlo. however. Is not the
only attraction. Tho customs, cos
tumes and habits of tho Spanish poo
,plo have not been entirely obliterated
after 12 years ot American control,
and tho observant visitor finds much
to nmuso nnd instruct during a brief
stay. Whllo thero aro ranny Ameri
cans here, some In olllclal positions,
othcrB engaged in commercial pur
suits, tho Spanish language 1b largely
used, and especially so In all business
transactions. A nation may be con
quered and annexed, the pcoplo may
be reconciled to the change In govern
ment, but they will cling to their na
tive tonguo until it is gradually oblit
erated by generations of time and the
influence of schools on tho children,
writes D. W. Grubb, in tho Indianapo
lis News.
The civil government of Porto Rico
consists of a governor, an executive
council (the upper house), and the
house of delegates (the lower house).
The upper house has a membership cf
11, all appointed by the president, and
six of these must bo nativo born
Americans, and five citizens and resi
dents of the island. The lower house
has a membership of 35, all chosen by.,
popular vote in tho various districts.
Some idea may bo had of the prepon
derance of the native voter and of his
loyalty to those of his own race, wbm
It Is known that only one native bora
American holds membership in the
lower house which is elective wbllo
In the upper house appointed by the
president six Americans and five
Porto Rlcnns make up tho entire mem
bership. Certainly tho natlvca have no rea
son for complaint as to their influence
In tho legislative department. In tho
legislature and In the courts the Span
ish language is used, and all the pub
lic records are made up in that lan
guage. If no greater progress 1b mado
hero than was the case in tho state
of New Mexico, tblB Island will be
Spanish as far as language is con
cernedfor sixty or more years to
come. Education, however, Is doing
more for the people of Porto Rico than
It did for those in New Mexico. The
system of public schools hero Is fair
ly good and is being improved and ex
tended from year to year. There are
good school buildings in nearly all the
school districts, and many of them aro
of a class that would be a credit to
some of the large cities of the north.
Illiteracy on Decrease.
At the time of the American occu
pancy ot this island the illiteracy ot
the population was 84 per cent Today
among the adults the percentage
of illlteracyts still great, but of those
under fifteen years, there are few who
cannot read and write.- Of course, 'In
some of the remote and sparsely set
tled districts schools aro scarce, and
possibly not up to date, but, on the
whole, progress has been made and is
still being made and results have been
satisfactory.
Official records of 1899 give the
number of children enrolled in
schools at that time as 25,798. There
was only ono schoolhouse in tbo Island
built for school purposes. Scarcely
half a dozen schools were taught in
public buildings, and the remainder
were, as a rule, conducted In rented
houses, many ot them unsanitary, in
adequate In size, having no proper
equipment, and often providing but
scant protection from the Inclemencies
of the weather.
The number of pupils has more
than quadrupled. 'During tbo ten
years, beginning with the fiscal year
1901, there has been expended in the
educational activities of Porto Rico
19,389,121.97, divided as follows:
Buildings, $903,628.19; books, equip
ment, administration, etc., $3,680,
288.92, and instruction, including sal
aries and scholarships, $4,805,303.96.
Tho continuation of progress Is shown
by an Increase from 105,125 pupils en
rolled during the fiscal year 1909, to
an enrollment of 121,453 during the
last year in all public schools, being
an increaso of approximately 17 per
cent for the year.
There are now 821 buildings used
for rural schools, and 204 for schools
In cities and towns, a total of 1,025
schoolbouses. As rapidly as avail-
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able fundB permit new buildings are
being erected for school purposes, 87
having been built during tho Inst year.
An enrollment of 8,(524 pupils In night
schools throughout tho Island, and a
large proportion being adultB employ
ed during tho day, In evidence of tho
general desiro for education thnt now
prevails.
Huslness scorns to bo in a healthy
condition nnd shows rnpld growth.
Tho last two years havo shown sat
isfactory advnuocs In tho prices for
all local products, with tho natural
result that hitherto unimproved IntidB
havo becu placed under cultivation,
producing largo quantities of tobacco,
sugar cano and frultB of varlouB kinds.
Production figures show tho sugar
crop of 1911 to havo been 346,785 tonB,
nn Increase of about 26 per cent over
tho previous year. Thero was an out
put of 244,000,000 cigars and 406,000,
000 cigarettes, a large increase over
the previous year, and for all of which
a satisfactory market was found.
Tho exportation of coffeo amounted
to 45,000,000 pounds, and this was an
increase in production over 1910. The
coffoe industry In this Island Is one of
great possibilities, and has not here
tofore received the attention It de
serves, but tho better prices now pre
vailing will certainly encourago In
creased production.
Tho fruit Industry Is enlarging. Last
year the declared value ot shipments
of fruits reached tbo flguro of 91,035
817, while the value of tho home con
sumption which was large cannot
be ascertained.
New Capital Invested.
Much new capital Is being invested
in the fruit, tobacco and sugar dis
tricts; virgin lands are being brought
under cultivation, and all these Indus
tries will show important advances
from year to year. There is no bet
ter grapefruit than the Porto Rlcan
product, and tho exportation, as well
as that of pineapples, cocoanuts, to
bacco, coffeo and sugar, will Increase
in volume and Valuo ns tho new lands
nro brought under cultivation. There
are many kinds of fruits produced on
this Island, some of which are too dell
cato to admit of shipment
Thero has been a wonderful in
crease In tho external commerce of
Porto Rico within tho Inst few years.
During the Inst fiscal year tho external
commerce of the island reached the
sum of $08,595,074, representing an In
crease of 40 per oent. over tbo exter
nal trade ot 1901 and approximately 21
per cent over the year ending Juno
30, 1010. This trade consisted of ex
ports valued at $37,960,219 and im
ports at $30,634,855, the former being
larger by 25 per cent and the latter
by 15 per oent than during the previ
ous year. Tbls indicates a greater in
crease In sales of home product
abroad than in purchases of supplies
from without, and shows a balance ot
trade In favor of the island to.- the
amount of $7,825,616.
Tbls is a creditable showing Vhen It
is considered that agriculture is the
principal basis of prosperity in the
island that a large proportion of the
available lands are as yet uncultivat
ed, and that only a feeble attempt bas
been made at Intensive farming of the
lands now being tilled.
The opportunities here for capable
and energetic men who have a knowl
edge ot and feel an Interest in the
growing of fruits under favorable cli
matic conditions, are excellent, and
are likely to prove profitable. Land
the strong virgin soil can be bad at
prices that are not excessive and with
a reasonable amount ot capital and an
abundance of energy there can be
only a small chance ot failure for the
intelligent and persistent grower of
fruits, tobacco and sugar cane. Frost
is unknown, and for this reason the
slogan of the Island is, "Winter is al
ways summer." While this Is true, It
is equally as true that tbere Is no win
ter in the summer.
The island of Porto Rico is a charm
ing winter resort In the middle of
winter may be seen cocoa, orange,
lemon, mango and almond trees, each
bearing fruit Only a short distance
in other directions are fields of grape
trait and pineapples, while still fartber
on' are great plantations of sugar cane
and tobacco, Many kinds of fruits,
the names of which are unknown in
the states, grow hero in wild profu
sion and without cultivation. It would
be possible to sustain life the year
through on what is found growing on
bush and vine and tree overy month
in the year.
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SWIMMING DEVICE IS NOVEL
Fins Attached to the Heels of Wearer
Are Manipulated by Cords-
Assists the Novice.
A novel RWlmmlng nppnratus hnB
been Invented by two California men.
It mny bo used to assist n novlco or an
expert may rig hlniHolf up in it to
achieve great speed or cover greater
distances than ho can do unaided. A
Jacket tnndo of some htioynnt element,
ttrolmbly with strips of cork In It, has
Fins for the Swimmers.
two wings, or litis, attnebed to tho
hack, over tho shoulder blades, whuro
wings usually sprout. These 11ns hnvo
a swivel motion nnd aro operated by
cords nttached near their tips and
running down through eyelets In tho
Hult to anklets, or heel fastenings.
Thero nro springs at tho swlvollng
connections or tho llnu which keep
those objects normally raised above
the body, but when tho swimmer kicks
his feet backward ho draws them
down nnd thoy act as propeller blades,
Rending him through tho water with
much greater velocity than ho could
ohtnlu with his arms and IcgB alone.
CAGES FOR SINGING INSECTS
Tiny Houses, Constructed In Japan,
for Little Bugs That Have Ten
dency Toward Music.
In Japan pcoplo keep singing Insects
In cages, as we do canary birds, and
hnvo them hanging about tho house.
They aro supposed to bring good luck.
In Tokyo and other cities Bomo of the
shops nro devoted entirely to tho sale
ot these bugs nnd their cages. The
practice is beginning to show signs of
becoming a fad In this country. It is
doubtful, however, if the American
will take tho samo Interest In such
diminutive pets as does tho Japanese.
Then, too, tho variety of singing in
sects In this country Is not bo pleas
ing as It la large. Tho most widely
known member of this family Is tho
mosquito, who Is novcr likely to be
come popular as a household pet and
Cage for Singing Bugs.
even a cage as small as that shown
in the illustration would be too roomy
for him. A kind of cricket Is the in
sect most often domesticated in
Japan.
STREET GAMES FOR CHILDREN
Something New Is Being Played by
Little Girls of Great City of Lon-
don Ball Is Used. ,
The children of tio street aretultra
:onservatlve in thel games. After
countle'ss years Lone in Bridge contin
ues to fall upon mv i ,ir lady; tho crop
of oats, peas, be'ns , nd barley grows
as bountifully as evur.
Tbls season has brought a new game
which Is played by llttlo girls in every
part ot town, announces the New York
Sun. A rubber ball Is bounced on the
pavement and caught to the accompan
iment ot Intricate bops and skips. In
Its simplest form thogame is to
bounce tho ball on eachflagstone nnd
jump to tho next without touching tbo
crack.
Among the older children a form is
used ot turning completely around
after the ball is dropped, clapping
bands and balancing on ono foot. In
counting a progressive system is em
ployed similar to that In jacks; on the
first stone each motion is gone through
oncoi on the second stone twice, etc.,
and the player is out as soon as she
misses a count in any ot the move
ments, v
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EASY TO KEEP A LOG BOOM
Apparently as Complicated as Double
Entry Bookkeeping, But Little
Study 8olves Problem.
I low many landsmen know how
log book In written up? It seems Just
as complicated ns double entry book
keeping when ono cIocb not know, but
after n little careful attention and
study It's ns easy to keep n log book
us to oat hot gingerbread. Thero Is a
list ot letters arranged and they look
llkn so much Greek to tho uneducated.
The letter h, for Instance, stands foe
blue sky, whether there bo clear or.
hazy atmosphere; o Indicates cloudy
or detached opening clouds, d denotes
drizzling rnln, a small f fog, a capital
V thick fog, g gloomy, dnrk weather;,
h hall. 1 lightning and m mlBty or hazy
so as to Interfero with tho view.
The letter o represents overcast, or
whon the wholo sky Is covered with
ono Impcnetrnbla cloud. Passing show
ers nro noted by tho letter p, nnd q In
dicates tho weather to bo squally. Con.
tluuoiiB rain is Indicated by an r, snow
by an h, and thunder by a L
An ugly, threatening appearance In
the weather callB for tho letter u, and
visibility of distant objects, whether
tho sky bo cloudy or not, Is repre
sented by the letter v. A small w Is
wot dow. A full point or dot under
uny lottcr dcnotoB nn extraordinary
degree.
As an cxamplo of how the letters
aro used take q p d 1 t. ThU reads
very hard squalls and showers of driz
zle accompanied by lightning with
very homy thunder. Numerals do
note the forco ot tho wind.
A cipher Indicates calm, I light air,
2 llcht broozo. 3 uentlo breeze, 4 mod
erate breeze. 5 fresh breeze, C strong
breczo, 7 small gale, 8 fresh gnlo, 9
strong gale, 10 wholo gale. 11 storm
and 12 hurricane This system of nb
brovlntlon Is genornlly adhered to on
nil merchant vcssola.
DO TRICKS WITH AEROPLANE
Two Swedish Acrobats Include Somen
suiting Machine In Their Stage
Equipment How Worked.
In order to give a modern touch
to acrobatic tricks of a kind that bavo
been familiar to theatergoers for
years, two Swedish acrobats Include
somersaulting aeroplane In their
Somersaulting Aeroplane.'
stago equipment, soys the Populat
Mechanics. At one end of a girder
pivoted to a standnrd about 12 feet
high, lu a miniature aeroplane so con
structed as to bo ablo to turn somer
saults. The 3-foot propeller of the
machine, driven by a five horsepower
two-cylinder engine, Bends tho aero
plane around on tho end of tho girder,
tbo other end of whlcn Is provided
with a counterpoise. The acrobat
Works tho elevating piano with his
foot and operates the rudder with his
right hand, making tho machine turn
somersaults.
LESSON IN NATURAL HISTORY
Pecullcr Traits of Fly, Hen, Cats
Dogs, Mouse, Snake and Goldfish
How They Act.
A fly on a window pane will crawt
to the top, fly back to the bottom and
crawl up again. This order is seldom'
reversed.
Hens scratch for food with the sum
behind them, the reason being that the
rays reflect on the minute particles.)
A blind hen will pick grain and not
miss a kernel.
Cats seldom He with their feet to
the fire. Usually they He oa the left
side. Dogs lie with their fore paws to
the Are.
A mouse will Ignore a food supply
sufficient for a meal and run great
risks to nibble at a wholesale supply.
It will hide at the source of food sup
ply and not depart therefrom until
actually disturbed. It isn't true that
a mouse runs to a bole at the first
alarm.
Find a harmless little snake the
length of a lead pencil and provide
a box for it in the bouse, visit It dally,
and at the end of three months It will
crawl to you for food.
Goldfish usually swim around a
globo to the right. They can be
taught to take a fly out of the hand In
six weeks' time. The presence of
other fish in the globe Is generally
Ignored by goldfish. Drop a piece of
chip on the aurfaco of the water and
it will frighten a fish.
He Was "Most Uncomf'ble."
The following incident, told by a
teacher, Is quite true: "My attention
was called to a wee small boy, whose
shrill voice piped out above the rest,
At first I was Inclined to reprove him
for disturbing me, but on looking at
the tiny faco I saw the child was
really in trouble. I called him to me,
and asked him what was the matter.
At first he would not tell me, but
finally be said: "Please, ma'am, I
can't sit down. This morning I got
my trousers on wrong side afore, and
I'm most uncomf'ble. I want to go
home." '
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