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About The Red Cloud chief. (Red Cloud, Webster Co., Neb.) 1873-1923 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 12, 1911)
"JT-?""1 '' W'wmiwrtifcumiw! yVwwWiim'Mtt' Jiwras giseSiiiiiSa Bi!MSAUiSfaftVffift'?MW?iM.fflvv.(vi--.b: ! n MMMWM"MlMMMMMMMMMB'wMMM"w"fc"'iWWWMBWWWaMWWWB-'alBHBi i s ' ' , HH J mfe iww ii HJJ1J i i 1 Forest opkinc? Pleuvs CPTW. K.WILDES . MI NY disposition on tbo part of the owners either of forested tracts or areas sultablo for reforestation must, in the largo majority or Instances, bo prompted by tho expectation of financial gain. A fow cases whero this docs not hold, embrace land owned by tho state, water companies In a few Instances, clubs and a small number of Individuals. To this latter group of owners, tho Income from their hold ings la not as importunt as tho pur poso to which a woll-forested nnd proporly managed nrcn will bo put, whothor It be for' Its utility or aesthet ic valuo. Tho largo majority Includes lumbermen, und owners of smaller reaa, who have made their invest ment upon a strictly business basis, and who expect a suitable return from tho Famo. If tho forester can how tho possibility of such a return, and at the samo time provide for the preservation and improvement of tho stand, ho then advances the (Practical aide of tho practice of his art He may bo dealing etthor with a largo area, involving many conditions ju to topography, character of timber, fata of growth, etc., necessitating dif ferent methods of cutting to obtain idesirablo reproduction, a future sup kly of stock, protection from windfall and fire, or, ho may havo simply a wood lot problem to solve (case, it Is tho results that owners ore r 11 MrrHwml f 3W f llf ft - " - ' ' ' m r r - - - r rrm--rw m smmmar:mmmmnmmmr ml. m !! v rtsrmmmnsi v .eiw mmm ATI a ar .asmrmi iBBHivaa i-n - r .e linn i mmmmEsspusmm i mmm jiii n.tjm as 51KW tEsmb i?m riBsfc3i?T"TeBmmmmBsmVssBM Mf immw s - n ainf i V nHpVVVBIBSr 'iaar w3wXfA JCTg&Mss f E&SrW? JJUfD PLANTED ffl white In either l;HfrfJk,S?f?sa!;yIwwala IMAiWimSlMSiS PXODVCi i I ' 1 s --.,,v:ji,i,imrim . f -rail. I I " SB . ! IB .u. . i..TaHB msrmu.fi !!., . " Jl'- ' ymiTw,w : q- jrrjv? jexzmrxB area of each, with tho exception of meadow land, in order that tho total could be divided Into ten equal parts for nnnunl treatment. Upon each wooded Foctlon tho total stand of material was estlnmtod, both In bonrd feet and cords, tho system of manage ment and tbo char acter of thinning nrccHBJiry wns pro scribed, and tho mntcrlnl to como out tho llrst year marked. Whoro a reproduction cut ting wns recom mended, provisions for keeping out grazing wore made. Upon each sec tion of pasture land tho necessary planting and spe cies woro deter mined, together with tho fencing required to pro vent grazing and killing young planted material. In tbo orflce, a map was prepared showing each class of land together TIOIT. SIGHT X&1PJ OLD .looking for, and not an opportunity to Invest their time and money for tho advancement of for estry for its own sake. It Is here that the forester has an opportunity to show that his work and its results are eminently practical, that a desirable return Is possible; both Immediate from the sale ct the product, and remote from tho Increased nnd accumulating growth, as well as tho Improvement of the quality of the timber, together with the (rowing and tho reproductive capacity of the soil. In a planting proposition, the return Is neces sarily rcmoto. If, however, It can be shown that an area, now producing 1 per cent, for example, Is capable of returning 3 per cent, per annum, compound interest, at tho final harvest In 40 'years, after deducting with Interest, the Initial coat of stock and planting, together with taxes nd fire protection for the full period, Is It not cood business policy for many owners, whether Individual or company, to make such an invest ment? It will be argued that only owners that are able to hold an area, permanently will care to wait 40 years for a return, and that very few in dividuals would consent to an Investment In which i the returns are deferred for so long a time. This la true In almost all oases. There are, however, conditions which make such an Investment de sirable. It Is not at all uncommon for plantations to be made, protected, and allowed to mature, In order that the returns may be enjoyed by the next generation of a family, or have them take the place of a life Insurance policy. In practicing forestry. It must be realized at the outset that an Investment either of money or marketable material left standing Is necessary. The former Includes the extra cost of marking the timber to be removed,! care In protection of the young growth, Are protection, Including piling coniferous tops and patrol, and a slight Increase In the cost of logging per thousand feet, as the larger the amount of timber removed from a given area the less Is the coBt per unit. Unless a clear cutting system Is employed, some marketable material must be left on the area cut over both for seeding and In some cases for protecting the seed trees from windfall. This comes under the latter form of Investment namely, merchantable material! In return for this Investment of mer chantable material, the condition of the forest Is Improved. Ipstead of removing-all of the valu able species and leaving the' area to reproduce the 'undesirable and less valuable, the reproduc tion of desirable species is provided for, and the future value of the area Increased. For the successful operation of a working plan and the possibility of carrying It out for the full period specified, It Is necessary for the forester . am owner to meet on common ground. First of all, the forester must get the point of view of the owner, and arrive at a full understanding of his wishes and plans. This means that be cannot always provide for or obtain the results that, may be most desirable from a scientific point of view. Many thoroughly desirable sllvlcultural operations must be Ignored, for example, an Improvement thinning may be scientifically necessary, but if there Is no market for tbe material, and the own er does net wish to bear the expense, the opera tion must be delayed until the material coaches a marketable size. The first thing, then, Is for the forester to meet the owner's wishes, making such bb are necessary, and not making the plan as he, himself, would prefer. He then should make a thorough study of the mar kets of the region and plan his cut tings accordingly. Different localities vary in their ability ' to absorb a wide range and class of material. Cord wood may have no value, or It may be worth 25 cents or 1 a cord on the stump, and so on up through the higher class of forest prod ucts. Failure to un derstand these conditions thoroughly, and the de mands of a region, may mean the financial fall ure of a plan. Oftentimes thoso local conditions 'preclude the possibility of certain provisions high ly desirable from a technical standpoint, but which for practical reasons are Impossible. In other words, the practical must be given full con sideration along with the technical. , With complete co-operation between forester and owner, and a disposition on the part of both to make the necessary sacrifices, together with an understanding on the part of tbo former of tho really practical side of the problem, there should bo less and less cause for the abandon ment of the provisions of working plans made for definite periods. The first working plan in Vermont under tbe state forest service, was made by the writer while engaged as assistant to the Btato forester. The area treated Is ownd by Dr. William Stanford Stevens of Albans, Vermont, and Is located at Enosburg, In the same state. An outline of the work and Its provisions follow. The area Involved embraces 900 acres, divided as follows: Woodland, 360 acres; pasture land, 344 acres; meadow, 190 acres. The conditions that led the owner to consider the possibilities of forestry were these: Tbe area had been maintained under a more or less diver sified system of farm management, and as tbe own er did not live on or near the property, he wished to be relieved of tbe care and attention that such an arrangement Involved. To accomplish this purpose It seemed best to bring the three classes of land under a deflntte and permanent system of management through tho provisions and maintenance of a forest work ing plan. The provisions follow: 1. To complete tbe treatment of tbe wbole tract at tbe end of ten years. 2. AH woodland to be treated is divided Into ten equal areas, one to be thinned In the fall and winter of encb year. 3. All pasture land is divided into ten equal areas, one to be planted In tbe spring of each year. 4. All meadow land will be maintained as such. 6. For each wooded area, the kind or thinning to employ Is stated; also a rough estimate, to gether with net value, of the amount to come out 6. For each area to be planted, tbe species are selected and the number necessary given, together with tbe total cost of the work. Tbe woodland Is mixed, hardwoods consisting of sugar maple, yellow blrcb, beech, and a small percentage of ash, basswood, poplar, Ironwood, cherry and elm, with young hemlock and spruce reproduction well established on a few sections. Sugar maple reproduction is especially good, and with ash and basswood Is particularly desirable. In treating this area either reproduction or Im provement thinnings were prescribed, removing all undesirable and over-mature species and such mature species as seemed best for the require ments of tbe area. Thus only desirable species were left to reproduce as well as to become more valuable through Increased growth. In carrying out tbe field work for this plan, tbe area was first surveyed both by boundaries and types, of land. It was necessary to ascertain the irATVRJLL gPJ?QPPCfTQ7r sclentlflo sacrifices with the specified area to bo thinned or planted each year. For example, 1910-1911-1912, etc., de note the year iu which the area Is to bo cut, whlcD I, lb, lc; II, III, etc., denote the area and order ol planting; I to be planted In 1910, II In 1911, etc. In the written plan a complete statement of the treatment of each section, both cutting and plant ing, Is given for each year. For example: 1910. Woodland. 22 acres will be thinned, la being clear cut for planting. Planting, 82.41 A will be planted with white pine, namely lb, c. d and e. la Is not to be treated; Id has been staked out The other acres have definite boundaries. On this area there Is sufficient cord wood available to make Its removal profitable. 1911. Woodland. 20 acres will be thinned. Of this area 7.8 acres In the lot by the sugar-house have been marked for a reproduction cutting. Tract Vb will be clear cut for planting. Planting. Tract II. 37.36 A will be planted with whlto pine. All apple troos, brakes and hard back are to be removed. OUTLINE FOR CUTTING. ' Sale Price Sale Price Board. 3.60 $ .30 Tears. Feet perM. Cords. pcrM. Total. 1910.... 30,000 $106.00 130 139.00 $144.00 1911.... 22,000 77.00 240 72.00 149.00 OUTLINE FOR PLANTING. Dlock. Area, Acros. SpccleB Year. 1910. , .1 b 1 o 1 d 1 e .11 10.66 2.38 17.24 2.24 32.42 37.36 White pine White pine White pine White pine White pine Number. 12,000 2,400 17.240 2,688 34,328 37,260 1911. (The acreage of woodland to be treated Is cut down from tbe total 360 by the tact that about 160 acres was being cut over under a contract made previous to the adoption of this plan. It accounts for only 22 and 20 acres coming under management for the years given above, which Is, of course, not one-tenth of the total area of woodland.) It Is estimated that the total receipts from tbe cutting, Including the tract being cut under contract above mentioned, will pay the complete cost of planting and seedlings. The plan Just outlined means that at tbe end of the ten-year period the owner will have his wood land under a good system of forest management, and greatly Improved over Its present condition, together with 344 acres planted to Norway spruce and white pine, the cost of which being met as be fore stated by the returns from tbe area Itself. The returns from thinnings which will be made on each section In the period from 1936 to 1946, mak ing each section thinned 26 years old, will give a considerable return. At this time about 400 trees per acre will be- removed. From 1950 to 1960 the area will bo clear cut by sections and replanted. The total yield from this cutting should be at least 30,000 board feet per acre. The plan also pro vides for proper fire protection, which 1b absolutely necessary for the successful maturing of a planta tion. It also states the conditions which any con tractor must meet who makes tho cuttings during the next ten years. These conditions follow; 1. All trees to come out are blazed and stamped with the letter "V," 2. The contractor must take all marked and leave all, unmarked trees. 3. Care In felling must be taken In order that young growth and reproduction will not be Injured. 4. All sound log 6 Inches at tbe small end and over are to go Into lumber. 6. 8ound down timber and tops of felled trees are to be cut Into cord wood. 6. Care must be taken In skidding logs not to In jure standing trees and reproduction. 7. Tbe contractor will be liable to a penalty of twice tbe value of any tree that Is cut not bearing the official stamp, 8. All work Is subject to Inspection. The state forester also agrees to mark the trees to cut each year. While the owner himself will not enjoy this re turn, tbe plan offers an example of the Instance cited previously by which an Individual Is willing to make a long-time investment In order to make It possible for tbe next generation la his family to enjoy the results, The Return From Capti tivity Sunday Schaol Leitoa for Oct. 15, 1911 Specially Arranged tor Ttili Paper LESSON TEXT-TJarn 1:1-11; 2:C-70. MEMORY VICIt8KS-l:3, 4. aOI.DKN TEXT-"! to rctnlnrlh not lilt ntiKcr forpvrr, lirenuso lie ilollshtcth In mercy." Mlo. 7:1S. TIME Cyrus tnltes Ilnbylon C39.8. ItlJ decree of return D3S.7. First return, undc Kcrubtmbcl, 637.(5. PLACE Unbylon and vlnclnlty. Jeru nlein, And the. long; Journey between. ItULEIlH-Cyrtis wns klnir of Uabylnn, nml a Inrirn pnrt of tho E.iiit. Zerubbnbol called ulno Hliealibaatznr (Ezra 1:S: 2:2) from LSnbylon became, tho ruler of Jeru M.ilcm. MONUMENTH-On stone tablets nnd cylinders, uro written iccords of tlieue ilnvs. The Cyrns Cylinder, found nt llabylon In 1ST?, now In IlrltlHli Museum. The Nnbonldus cylinders, In llrllloh Mu seum. AnnnlHtlc tablet of Cynu. ft proclama tion by blm, written shortly after his conquest of Babylon. There wero thrco eras of captivity for tho children of Israel as there v.cro several eras of return. Tho first captivity was by Ncbuchndnozwir, when Dnnlcl nnd his friends were car rind cnptlvc. Seventy years from this btlngs us to 11. C. C3C, tho tlmo of tho completion of tho return doncrlbcd In this lesson. Nebuchadnezzar njialn captured tho city, sent a Brent amount or treasures from tho palnco and tho tcmplo to llabylon, with 10,000 of tho tnoro Im portant of tho people. Among theso wero tho prophet Ezeklel nnd tho Brcnt-nrnndfnthcr of Mordccnl, Queen! Esther's cousin. Tho third captivity was also by Nebuchadnezzar, who, after a slcgo of a year and n hnlf, In July, C8G, completely destroyed tho city nml tho temple. Seventy years from this tlmo brings us to tho com pletion of tho temple, D. C. 015. Tho discipline of tho cxllo has ac complished Its purposo so for that it Is wIbo and safo to permit a largo number to return and renew tho an cient nation. It would bo tiscless to bring bnck to Judcn pcoplo who would commit the samo slna which made tho oxllo ncccsary and who bad not learned to somo extent the lessons which their hard discipline was sent to teach. Tho power of Idolatry was forever broken. They never again yielded to its fascinations. They wero taught to set a new valuo on tho filling of all tho forms of worship with the spirit of religion. God had allowed even the city which was tho type of heaven and the most glorious temple dedicated to his worship to bo destroyed when these becamo a substitute for true re ligion Instead of an aid to It. They wero also taught by their absence the valuo and necessity of religious Insti tutions, of tho means of worship, of tho Sabbath day. , It led to renewed study of the sa cred Scriptures. The exile was the period In which the guardianship, transcription and study of the written Scriptures became tho special care of a distinct class, afterwards famous as tho great order of the scribes. It led. also, to the establishment of the synagogue for social worship and read ing of the Scriptures, with Its accom panying schools. The captivity served as a mission ary schemo to spread the knowledge of God over tho world. It was an aid i in preparing the world for tho com ing of tho Lord Jesus Christ and for the spread of tho gospel by the apos tles. Thus thero was tho promised land, the homeland tho center of re ligious life, and tho dispersion as an agency in every country of the known world. t The Journey home and the whole movement may bo made most real to all, and especially to children, by tracing the Journey on the map. Note the great rivers to be crossed without bridges, the desert lands, the savage tribes, the countries of their old ene mies, tbe rugged mountains to be traversed, hunger, thirst and pain, the long weary months of travel on foot, and the desolate city and devastated homes at the end of their Journey. ' If we may trust later traditions, the setting out of tbe "captivity" for Pal estine was Joyous In the extreme. An escort of 1,000 cavalry accompanied them, for protection against the des ert Arabs, then as now given to plun der, and they started to the muslo of tabrets and flutes. Forth from the gates of Babylon they rode, to the sound of Joypus music a band of horsemen playing on flutes and tab rets, accompanied by their own 200 minstrel slaves and 128 singers of the temple, responding to the prophet's Voice, as they quitted the shade of tbo gigantic walls and found themsolves In the open desert beyond. "Go ye out of Dabylon. Flee from the Chaldeans, with a voice of singing declare ye, tell this, utter it even to the end of tbe earth; Bay ye, The Eternal hath redeemed his servant Jacob." It, was like the procession of the vestal vir gins, with the sacred fire in their hands, in their retreat from Rome; like Aeneas with bis household gods from Troy. For all who have gone into the cap tivity of sin there Is a call to repent and return to the Father's house. The sins that led to the exile were not a fall upward. The fall into sin Is never a fall upward. Tbe man who throws away the "gold, silver and pre vious stones of life" for tbe "wood, hay and stubble," may be saved, but fee as by Are," a fire that burns up ,the little gains of sin; There Is great W in returning from captivity of sin, not only tbe joy of the returning wan derer, but the Joy of the angels who know how great beyond conception la tae blsMlag of the return. PUTTING IT UP TO CENTRAL All Caller Wanted Was Mrs. Smith' Number, and Surely That Wae Easy to Get. "Halloa, there, central) la thin cen trnl? It Is7 I thouKht It was, but 1 couldn't quite bo sure Tho other day I supposed I was talking to central, and hero It was only my grocer. I do think tl.oro nro soma iuccr mlxups In this tolophono service. What I want now Is to find out the telnphuno num ber of Mrs. John Smith S-m-1-t-h, Smith. I find that thero aro more than 100 persons of that nnmo In tho book, and I don't know which ono Is tho husband of tho Imly I want. Sho Is a lnrgo lady with a florid face and prcmaluruly whlto hair, nnd I think her husband Is n traveling man, nnd n brotlicr-In-lnw of hers, named Jones, lives soinewlicro on M street a stout Ish, elderly gentleman with sldo whis kers. Kindly let me havo Mts. Smith's number nt cure. I lino It on n slip of pnper that I can't find. Scorns to mo It wns two-four-six on ring thrco, or nonc-two sixty-four rl ' two. You know how, coniusltir le uphano num bers nro. Let mo h:v .Mts. Smith's number right uwny, ploaso." "ECZEMA ITCHED SO BADLY I COULDN'T STAND IT." "I Buffered with eczema on my neck for about six months, beginning by lit tle pimples breaking out. 1 kept scratching till tho blood camo. It kept getting worse, I couldn't sleep nights any moro. It ltopt Itching for about a month, thou I went to a doctor and got somo liquid to take. It Bocmel na If I wns going to get hotter. The itching stopped for nbout thrco days, but when it started again, was oven worso than before. Tho eczema Itched so badly I couldn't stand It any more. "I went to a doctor nnd ho gave mo lomo mcdlclno, but didn't do nny good, Vo have been having Cutlcura Rem idles in tho houso, so I decided to try them. I had been using Cutlcura Soap, so I got mo a box of Cutlcura Ointment, nnd washed off the affected part with Cutlcura Soap throe times a day, and then put tho Cutlcura Oint ment on. The first day I put It on, It relieved me of Itching so I could sleep all that night. It took about a week, then I could see tho scab como off. I kept the treatment up for three weeks and my eczema was cured. "My brother got his face burned with gun-powder, and he used Cutlcura Soap and Ointment. Tbe people all thought he would have scars, but you can't see that ho ever hadthls face burned. It was simply awful to look at before tbe Cutlcura Remedies (Soap and Ointment) cured it. (Signed) Miss Elizabeth Gehrkl, For rest City, Ark., Oct. 16, 1910. Although Cutlcura Soap and Ointment are sold by druggists and dealers everywhere, a sample of each, with 32-page book, will be mailed free on application to "Cutlcura," Dept. 17 L, Boston. Determined. Glllet What did you pay that world famous specialist $60 for If you felt perfectly well? Perry I wanted to know how ha pronounced appendicitis. As long as there are people In tbe world who try to get something for nothing, a lot of other people will bo able to live without work. CAREY ACT Kr&k3 aonuillnttkllrarnii. Ampin wurnipnir n Wad. 1UAUU lURJOATlON CO., IUcall ron BVE ACHCS ram Nebraska Directory Krister's I Ul offer u4 bookltt. UK O ST, wnirai our OOUI,l nnmir uidit perfectly cure& unimvnHD.iiii 3 to 5 days Ltt, Safest and Surest methods. Nereel falla. Tobacco ana Drug Habits aiao vccest fully treated by the latent and shortest meih-l ods. No physical or mental sulTcrlnr. Call' or send for llteratore and endorsement INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE COMPANY SO) So. 11th Street Uneeln, Ntsmae L . list Firs PratitilM m thf Ftm Ml iTsr ism " w - ir- . -T .1..- -:. Tijz -?T- res aisnea smell, in saaiuonn no suuns. int fneie. ernporstn or deaompose. Bead on illarforatsmpln sit nmlthar prepsld, todar. It not ss represented will reruna money. GettbeummiminsinTUMiHut. tbss MrftorloasandunlTensletUnsuUber. Wlllo some tbe most Intents .ere. Remember all Ii .IP U a thousand times more effectl than water. lion doll n nt. tint nUhers dittrlbated about bouse andsra will protect TuorpronertT thoroughly, LlVnJ AOMMT8 WANTKU RVKnrWIIKlllsr Address LlitDU COS. tauToas trri.v co., nm sUmi iuu, limit, its. HEART DISEASES 1 (unit my practice to Hesrt sad Grculstory ailments. Thirty yesri eiperience ought l men much to such putienti. Experimenting and neglect b costly and bad. Wrua J. S. LEONHAIDT, H. D Hesrt Siexlstl 1724 N Street Llnceta. Mikrstka Lincoln Sanitarium aSf ulpho Saline Springs legates' an eur own premliet used la the Natural Mineral Water Baths UMurpatted Is the treatment ! Rheumatism Hart. Slomich, Kidney and Lrrer DlesiMt IIID:aTt CHARBES, AbOREtt an. tSMivSi.W VagTT. Mar. I40S M etreat UlneTnf Neb M 1 V s Cut '. m 1 ' JJfY. ., .i'sWi'J ' MK 3 J ' 'Mi r WJi i ,i4'& '. n :,& &M,$m t t .1--fa.-.rjx)t-ac.')A S2gsJfc!Uyis3 mmiwmm