,-
Lll.iHih.. . ,.......
ESKKZT"" OT"wTaMsasX2
8JC22MraBMMS
Li j jfi nmnuiu huh 1 - -r. .... jiinMnnHumiU(iiirDAiiMiuidtta:Lui..mr . -
. ," i'SSTv ' -"wr'wwHrt wilr'yjK,wft :v3W33: VHP VJ Vv " V TT5.
iife- vwi.n ?-: it::i
WtYVUSSCAUSh.'
H "ty
P
i
i
FLYINQ FISH OF CALIFORNIA
NATURAL HI8TORY.
lmmm&&
HWBffl1flSS9i!ffiiB ,. ' 7?K'"35r2!fcLS. eM
-?-'t-
'- rriT fi"ihi'i rn i rr i-i'iiiTn'r nri ' T-'i-mrTemiitirTrn-' -rvYTiTTrniMirfnimyiflim n i r iri it . -.1 v 1 j - ihl.
I
:
r
1
a
:
k"
t'tjft
i
HEEP
in America
Wv
RAISIN6jBS
BBl I e '1 1 M hi I SBBBBBBBBBBBBBBr'BiSBBfi aSSSSSSSmr I
IWMiiHHHMSn bLsbb-1-Hf-bb-B
Xt'itjmtmmitir4mn tiMm,tmAnmmtm)mmymSltim' ' , m w m mmmimi BmBmamamamc iAMaffTBmBmmrl
iipiyi nim.jmmtmiiivmmmmmmmmmmmMwQirtvmnt m.ymMmmmn BBnBnBnBnBnBnBnBnBSMBBnBBESBBnBnBnBBM
fasssssMil-
ftlwPlp1l c 3 Jill
(rrj w-v JaViMc jaWvr-wTfc. 'IrT . TOBMfcAL7;WTvi asssslBBBBBBBBlBBBeBir
lP0X3Kb1bb iflA
IIKWIPBHRIk.v Bibbs i t iy ffBtf JsSMCTTMBfMSffjiwfcBP i mhpSi
HE12P raining 1b one of the chief ac
tivities of tho American rural do
main, and It la one that has shown a
constantly expanding scopo year aft
er year, seemingly without much
regard to the good years and bad
which are so visibly reflected In
mrtflV ft itin nttiAt ntniinnHnna (ha
4JI farming community. It la interest-
m, ,nK lo note inai snecp are associated
tlV Vtith man In the earliest records of
Uio human race. They were first
used only for milk, and later the skins were usod
for clothing. Up to about a century and a half ago
wool wns the primary consideration In sheep rais
ing, but about tho tltno mentioned an Englishman
began the first systematic and intelligent Improve
ment of mutton sheep and it Is a question whether
this is not now the most Important branch of the
Industry both at home and abroad.
The mutton sheep was rather slow in Invading
America. The wool-producing Merino (which came
originally from Spain) was monarch of all he sur-
JHttPWiMMWiMCO f PfiOPiM Ctt0 XAIS& hqms
Efijjfll
isamk
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBsVLv
, . 'A V&3T-kt3ttKAftO'
feyed on this side of the Atlantic for many years
and many a farmer paid almost fabulous prices
for sheep having no adaptation to anything except
wool production. Perhaps .this state of affairs' was
due to tho Impression that so long held sway that
the American people were pre-emlnently a nation
of pork eaters and had llttlo appreciation for good
mutton. Whatever Justification there may have
been for this In the past' it certainly ceased-years
ago.' A depression In the price of wool some
core of years ago was very Influential in
bringing about a change of conditions, and
once started the new movement in behalf
of mutton sheep swept all before it In
deed, In some years a single market, such at
Chicago, has shown a gain of fully a million sheep
over the twelve months preceding. Canada
-ends great numbers of mutton sheep to this'
country as well as considerable quantities of wool.
The experience of later years has proven that
the richj lands and 'abundant feeds of the United
States are well suited, to the .economical' produc
tion of superior mutton and the furthermore mut
ton sheep if properly selected can grow a large
part If not all of he wool demanded for Ameri
can manufacturing. Experts declare that there is
no greater error than the impression on the part
of many people that sheep are suited only to In
ferior land. To be sure, sheep, unlike some other
animals, can get along on scanty ypgetatlon, and
consequently will grate profitably on semi-arid
, land, but on the other hand they render an es
pecially large return for a liberal ration of good
foods. As showing bow much more appreciation
of this fact there la In other countries than In the
United States It may be cited that recent statis
tics showed that there were not to exceed 25
sheep per thousand acres of land In our leading
agricultural' states, whereas in England the high
prtoed agricultural lands sustain an average of
MO sheep per thousand acres, and in Scotland
there may be found as high as 1,380 aheep re
thousand acres.
The champions of scientific agriculture la the
United States are Justnow striving earnestly to
Impress our farmers with, the fact t&at it would
be better to convert their surplus grain products
Into meats, such as mutton (at least to the extent
of supplying borne demands) than to export 'the
- corn and'other grains as such. For example, It Is'
claimed that to ralce S1.000 worth or corn takes
from the soil producing the crop about 30Q worth
of fertility, but the
same amount of corn
converted Into mut
ton Is claimed not
to take from the
land more than $60
worth of fertility,
whereas if sold in
the form of wool it
will not take from
the land more than
$2 or $3 worth of
fertility. With mut
ton as the primary
consideration, how
ever, snoop raising
will return a satis
factory profit year
aftor year without
very much regard to
the price of wool.
In later years the
western territory
known as. the range
became the great
breeding ground for
sheep, and as far
back as a dozen
years ago this local
ity produced about
one-half of the total
number of sheep in
the United States. As our readers know the
crowding of the cattle out of many section of the
range by the sheep has been attended by much
bitterness and controversy. There are three prin
cipal species of range sheep. The old Mexico
sheep are the direct descendants of the original
Spanish Merinos brought -over two hundred years
ago by the Spaniards In Old Mexico. They have
--long legs; a long, thin body, and the wool is fine
and thin. They are hardy, excellent travelers and
will keep In good condition on the poorest and
driest of ranges. Often they outsell all otber
sheep, for the meat has an excellent flavor and
the hide Is thin, firm and soft These original
Mexican sheep have been largely graded with Me
rino rams in New Mexico and southern Colorado.
The New Mexico aheep, as they are denominated,
are small-bodied sheep, and although they never
grow veryjarge they get very fat. They bring'
good,, prices, for the same reasons that obtain In
the -case of the Mexican sheep above mentioned.
Merinos are also to be found on the range in great
numbersmany of them having been bred, from
Merinos 'brought from the east The lambs are
short-legged and not as good travelers' as the
southern sheep, but they' need no be, for Wyom
lng, Idaho, etc., have, on tho average, better
ranges than are to be found In New Mexico, and It
Is jn these northern states that the Merinos hold
sway.
Almost all range sheep are affected with scab,
though it Is frequently so held in check as to be
scarcely noticeable. As a remedy It la the general
practice to "dip" all range sheep, and this opera
tion, as carried on extensively on a large sheep
ranch is decidedly picturesque Oftentimes It is
deemed-necessary to'give the same sheep several
dippings at Intervals of ten days, and occasional
ly this dipping Is done in zero weather. On the
large ranches there are specially constructed dip
ping vats with runways for the sheep as they ap
proach and leave the vats, etc. Various ingredi
ents are used la the' preparation of the dips,
among the most popular being lime, sulphur and
tobacco.
As Is well known, the American market has be
come the most discriminating ia the world on
A difficulty In mutton production has always been
the scarcity of stock sheep, particularly sires,
having sufficient merit to fill the standard of ex
cellence. The Ideal sire, it may be added, should
be Impressive, resolute and of noble bearing
distinctly the bead of the flook In every sense of
the word. This requires, of course, good consti
tutional and vital powers.
It Las llkewiso come to baregarded as essen
tial, as above pointed out, that a mutton sheep
should have a good fleece as well as a good
carcass. This combination has been proven both
practical and profitable, and it Is no longer re
garded necessary to grow ono sheep for a fleece,
another for a carcass and another for a lamb. An
Intelligent, up-to-date flockmastcr combines them
all In ono class. Some of the best mutton sheep
are producing aa profitable fleeces as thoso kept
exclusively for wool and their lambs are decidedly
superior. As Is well known, one of the first es
sentials in a good fleece Is compactness or den
sity, this quality not only insuring a bettor ylold
of wool, but also affording better protection
against storm. This Indicates a hardier animal
and one better able to withstand exposure. It is
desirable to have a close, even, dense fleece, with
no breaks, cover all parts of the body, Including
the head, limbs and under parts, and tho tendency
in latter day. breeding Is toward carrying the
fleece more complete over the head, face, limbs
and under parts.
The far-sighted sheep raiser Is also coming to
guard against neglect or undue exposure of his
flock, periods of sickness, or Indeed anything that
will Impair ,thV vitality of tho animals, for it baa
come to be, pretty well understood that such in
fluences diminish both the length and strength or
fiber and fineness, whereas, length and strength
of fiber are essential qualities in a good fleece.
Well-fed sheep always produce the best wool and
the greatest quantity of it and expert opinion is
to tho effect that a fleece almost invariably begins
to decline In, value after a sheep has passed the
age of four years. The best grade of wool is
Invariably found on the rear part of the shoulder,
and wrinkles or folds of the skin about the 'nock
or other, parti of the body are detrimental, Inas
much as the wool that grows within these folds
is unllko other parts of the fleece and there la a
consequent lack of uniformity.
The proper feeding of sheep Is one of tho chief
responsibilities connected with the Industry, in
some localities the "self-feeder" Is extensively
employed, but In other localities it Is not In much
fasox. Properly cured alfalfa has coma up won
"derfully in popularity as a food for sheep and
'many sheen feeders have purchased extensive
areas of alfalfa for use in this connection. Many
of the large feeders In such states as Nebraska,
Colorado andjtfinnesota havo no shelter forthcir
flocks, but lc la generally concoded now that prop
erly constructed sheds aro an advantage, al
though, of course, involving considerable outlay In
the coso of large foedlng yards. Some, of the
most progressive sheep men now rocomtnend
feeding three times a day, although othors. still
cling to the old. idea that It is not necessary to
feed more than twice a day. Along with all these
other requisites for success In sheep raising there
Is tho necessity for the good shepherd of ludg
ment and experience, Even on the rango where
sheep are supposed to be able to shift for them
selves there I a tendency to empjoy a better
class of men as sbcep herders.
The Genuine Article,
I don't know about this picture, Bobby," said
the visitor,..! he ran. over specimens of th
youngster's camera work. "1 am afraid a doc
Innumerable Numbers of Them Along
Southern Coast and Around the
Cntallna Islands.
Los Angeles, Onl. Along tho coast
of southern California thero nre almost
Innumerable numbers of flying fish, Es
pecially Is this the caso around the
Catallna Inlands, which lie about 30
miles off shore.
In 'point of site, these fish range
from 0 to 10 Inches. They skim
along the surfaco of the sea, and,
at brief Intervals rlso abovo tho wa
ters and Indulgo in short flights
through tho nlr. In length and height
these flights vary, much depending
ipon the state of the weather, the
-mjth
A Flying Fish.
wind, and the size of tho waves. Some
times thoy will fly from five to ten
feot abovo tho surfaco.
With the wingllko fins they throw
themselves swiftly forward and up
ward and thou dart ahead, sustain
ing and propelling their course
through the air. All this Is done with
groat rapidity; then tho creature sud
denly drops bnck into tho water. An
instant later it is ready for another
flight. These brief excursions in the
air nre genorally mnde Just ahoad of
vcssols and along tbo sides bb thoy
advanco through tho sea. Somotlmcs
thero aro great schools of these crea
tures rising, darting ahead, following
and falling and rising again, just like
a flock of birds.
It Is a very curious and Interesting
fipectaclo to watch these schools of
fish from tho, deck of a vessel.
Thoy are moro frequently soon early
In the morning than during any other
Umo.
It often happens that tlieso fish
drop on the deck of the vessels and
aro captured. The flying fish aro not
deemed edible.
TREE IS A FREAK OF NATURE
Grows Around an Old Qunbarrel Left
In the Crotch Many
Years Ago.
Murfrecsboro, Ark. -A curious
natural phenomenon of Pike county is
a wild cherry tree on the Ellsworth
farm two miles north of this place.
The tree Is about sixteen inches In
dlnmetor and twenty feot to the first
limb.
About ten feet up, at what was
probably one timo the fork in the tree,
since grown into a solid trunk, an old
musket Is grown into tho treo. The
barrel sticks out at one side, the
stock protruding from the other. On
tho stock Is cut the Initials "J. P."
The general belief is that some one
left tho gun In the pld crotch of tho
tree and forgot it, and In the years
XT swi&.
1 r f
I . . WM sfe i9ssr
wm wttmm mmm saiBBBamMMBWisisMamaBBsamBBi
beef products and ,1s rapidly comlnc to demand , with a propeller Instead of a tail la soraethlna of
w wiioiiwiwui, uiwmri ui uiuiioa. vuair a IBHC.
quently farmers 'and ranchers realize the. neces
fly of selecting the best sheep, The value of Im
proved blood 1 sheet has some to be realised.
"That ain't a propeller," safd Bobby. "That's
his tall. HerkBt waggln' ltwbIe hlatcUre waf
.being toekaatd.'WIarper'a Wwkly.
Qunbarrel In a Tree.
that have elapsed the tree has closed
on It completely.
Mr. Ellsworth, the owner of the
farm, has refused fancy prices offered'
for (he tree by several curio collectors.
QUEER VISITATION TF FATE
Wealthy New Yorker, Who Cast Kins
folk Aside, Visited by Strange
Prank of Fate. ,,
New York. Jly a strange prank of
fato Arthur J. Maco, tho wealthy man
ufacturer of refrigerators and toys,
woo refused to permit two crippled
brothers to remain in his bouse
in this city, now llos himself a hope
less crlpplo in his splendid mansion.
Just a year after bo ordered his broth
ers out he fell and broke his back aud
is paralyzed fromtbe waist down.
The two brothers, Henry D. Mace
and Edward U. Mace, have been suf
ferers from a peculiar nervous trouble
since they were boys. It renders them
practically helpless, and they are
obliged to be constantly attended by
trained nurses,
When they go out. they have to be
wheeled In roller chairs. Their lower
limbs are useless for- purposes of lo
comotion. These two brothers, how
ever, have the Income from 1300,000,
eo that they are amply able to main
tain themselves.
"Do giraffes catch cold when they
et their feet, papa?"
"Of courso, my son but not until
the next month !" Holtoro Welt.
Bean Porridge Hot.
"Would you call soup nn edlbleT"
"Yes, an audlblo cdlblo."
Poverty hath its own reward. A poor
man Isn't asked to contribute to a cam
palgn fund.
Tell tho denier you want a Lewis' Single
Hinder straight Da cigar.
It's one kind of tough luck to strike
oil when boring for water.
.THE KEYSTONE
TO HEALTH
IS
STOMACH
BITTERS
HID HEARTBURN
rUil POOR APPETITE
INDIQESTI0N
C0STIVENESS
MALARIA
take the Bitters first You will
find it exceedingly helpful.
awumM
am tat
ACTS MM
Nebraska Directory
SWrlUfot
our tpo
OOLH.Haa,
i
Kelster's Lillet Tailoring Colleg
UI ofltr sad booklak IMS O ST, UN
nOlliy U1DIT PERFECTLY CURa
UlllMl IMtDsi IN 3 TO 5 DAYS
Latent, Bafcit and Bnreil methods. Nsrer
fall. Tobacco and Drug Uablla also aneccaa
full treated tr tlia latent and Bborteat meih
ods. No physical or mantnt aulTerlng'. OaU
or send (or literature and eudoraementa,
INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE COMPANY
80 So. lllh Street Lincoln, Nebraska
HEART DISEASES
I limit my Hct2ee to Heart and Circulatory
ailmenb. Thirty yean experience ought to
maia much to Mich patSaati. Experiaenbag
ad neglect it cottly mi bad. Wiite
J. S. LEONHAIDT, M. D., Hurl Specialist
1726 N Slrtit Llacela. Ifebradui
list Fin Prttistlti tn tht Fara
OettheimmiMOVSriBlKTUOHBHlR. Toe noes
Msrltorlous and UBlvenal exuaunUber. Will oTer
rums the lucrtt lnln Bra. lhucmber all lam
irei turned moll, la addition It u&tcs no stalna,
a thousand times more effective than water.
n't. rrfB. Hfinnnla ur dteosiiiuM. Mend
.T -"" -T"V.:..Ji. T TT.T tM i..-
WUBfi
BOtBt
frei
rfor
liar (o r a (ampin oil lanltner
tlnsvlsl
rotAct
ropre
libera dl
nted Will refund
lUinonieq auoat
ertrtno
r prepaid,
tnonor. J
tfl
nSneu i svnw oV, nm sttieeai seal, uim, ha.
iBBBBWeasBasBaVKMBeBBBHsuflBl
GREEN GABLES
The Dr. BeaJ. F. Bailey Saaaterie
Llacela, Nebraska t
its brick and stone buildings so taste
hilly furnished and thoroughly equipped,
In the beautiful park of 25 acres, with
staff 'of experience and a nursing corps
of unusual merit, offers you most per
fact hospital results, t yet alawys pre
serves' the atmosphere of a delightful
country HOME. Write for particulars,
SiuJightSanitarium
FirepnofthtpHmT
Fully equipped for the treatment of cbroala
rheumatism, .diseases of kidneys, bUddat
and other chronic diseases by,batfca else
Uldty, etc. A COMPLETE XRAY
OUTFIT. Modern r aseptic operating
rooms fur the care - of surgical patients.'
A full corps of trained nurses. Rates
moderate. For further information address'
- Irving 8. Cutter, M.-D., Sup't
IMS Sumner Street, ' Lincoln, NeW.
:).l
I
h
II
M
i
I
,M
i.
khdJJ au ,
SSJ
, 4
v
i
Jt 1
js ir:
'
V
fttfiA?
T
',
tm$r i ' Sffifrrfefeft B,d,t msn i-.w ,
. fc fir't.t i ..
n
Al&?M
VjiS-.v Y
' T '" wiuiaemiiyii SSaiMa.iSla.)a'ipa. TISl
" - rf.'n.fc ... ..a..i ,ra . - r . ","
'enwu-
H