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Uncle Sam to Record
INDIAN
IIB UnlteU States government
lias recently . undertaken to do
something that a great many peo
ple have been declaring for years
last ought to be done. This Is to
record and perpetuate the tribal
music of the American Indiana.
All over the world people of ev
cry nationality havo of late years
been striving to perpetuate tho
folk songs of the different races
that Inhabit the globe, because It
has COlnp in li raniD'nlTtiit that
HTJIBJGll tne8e Primitive songs which have
buuoni uten written but have simply been hand
ed down from one generation to another con
tltute an Invaluable link with the past.
In the caso of our Indians, however, In great
er degree perhaps than with any other prim
lUve people, Is thero need for quick work if the
old songs and ancient music Is to bo chronicled
for the benefit of future generations who will
know the Indian only from books nnd pictures.
The Indian music alike to the folk songs of Euro
pean nations, which havo been brought to the
fore In recent years, affords most Intonating side
lights on the peoples In whoso lives it has so
long played a part and what is yet more Im
portant many of tho old Indian songs have a
historical significance or at least expression to
traditions so Interesting and poetic and beauti
ful thnt It would be nothing short of a calam
ity were they to be lost.
Aside, however, from the fact that tho Indians
of North America Is a vanishing race and that
their music Is passing with them there Is jet an
other incentive to urge energetic work now that
this musical research has been undertaken in
earnest. This extra spur lies In the fact that
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there Is a tremendous wealth of Indian music to
be studied and chronicled in permanent form,
each Individual tribe having had from time Im
memorial Its distinctive Eongs and chants. A
nan who Is attempting to compile a complete pic
torial record of the Indians has already spent
twenty years in the' work and It Is likely that
as much time will be required tf there Is to be
mirrored for tho benefit of future generations the
distinctive music of all tho various tribes.
Prlvato Individuals, musicians or scientists, havo
from tlrao to tlmo In the past made effort In a
small way to perpetuate American Indian music
and while they deserve credit for what they
have accomplished it is an undertaking which
through Its sheer magnitude, If for no other rea
son, needs the resources of the national govern
ment. That It Is pre-eminently a government func
tion Is likewise attested by the fact that it has
promise of success only when prosecuted through
'tho organized channels of Intercourse with the
Indians, channels which enable federal officials
to get Into the confidence of the more intellectual
men of all the various tribes in a degree that
would scarcely be possible except In the case of
an Individual who lived for many years among
the Indians whose secrets he Bought.
The governmental study and perpetuation of
Indian music Is being conducted under the aus
pices of the Smithsonian Institution and Notional
Museum at Washington. The bureau of Ethnol
ogy is the particular branch of this great seat
of research which has the Indian music Investi
gation in charge. , Probably the most interesting
phase of the whole undertaking is that which
has to do with the activities of Miss Frances
Densmore. Miss Densmore, who Is an accom
plished student of music, has spent much time
among the Cbippewas and other tribes whose
music is at once notable and representative and
has recorded as many as tWo hundred songs be
longing to a single tribe.
Oddly enough the phonograph has been the
chief means of capturing the songs of the for
est There is no system of written music among
most of the tribes and the phonograph was bit
upon as the only possible means of providing
' the means of studying the music carefully and
leisurely. As may be surmised it was anything
but an easy task to Induce some of the more su
perstitious of the red men to sing Into the strange
machine or to induce them to even permit the
recording apparatus to be Bet up within earshot
of their camp fires when there was la progress
thoso ceremonial rites and dances which call up
tho musical lore of the savages.
Finally, after much perseverance, however, at,
Indian agencies and elsewhere, the music hunters
have succeeded In making a creditable beginning
in securing the priceless phonograph records of
Indian music. In the case of one or two tribes
the song collection of "canned music" Is prac
tically complete. After records ot Indian songs
or music are secured tbey are transcribed in pi
ano score and studied scientifically. Meanwhile
the collection of records will be kept on file for
the benefit of the musical students of future
generations who will find it a priceless boon to
bear the Indian music as originally rendered.
The researches which have been mad e show that
Indian music is as complex as is the tribal life
ot the original Americans. An accompaniment of
long Is provided for every public ceremony as
well as for every Important act In the career of an
Individual. The music ot each ceremony has its
peculiar rhythm, as have also the classes of song
which' pertain to Individual acts such as fasting
and prayer, hunting, courtship, the playing ot
games and the facing or defying of death. An
Indian or a oersbn thoroughly versed la Indlaa
musical lore ran de
termine the class of
a song by means ot
the rhythm of the
music.
From a technfeal
musical standpoint,
the Indian music Is
very similar to the
form of our own mu
sic. Tho compass
of the songs varies
from one to three
octaves and some ot
tho songs havo no
words, although this
does not seem to Im
pair their definite meaning. There Is much
chorus singing among tho Indians and In some
tribes there are choirs of picked singers who are
paid for their services when they appear at
any formal ceremonies. It may surprise many
readers to learn that some or the Indian com
munities are so keen for music that they even
hold musical contests. A favorite form of com
petition seeks to determine which singer or group
of singers can make the best showing in repro
ducing a song with accuracy after having heard
It but once.
The Indian songs are the property of clans, so
cieties and 'ndlviduals and the rights of own
ership are rigidly enforced. In many Instances
the privilege ot singing any Individually-owned
song must be purchased from the composer and
in the case of the songs of clans not only Is the
right to sing the melodies restricted to members
of the clan but each clan has special officers to
insure the exact transmission and rendition of
their songs, a fine being Imposed upon any mem-,
ber who makes a mistake In singing. Indian,
women have composed many of the best ot the
Indian songs, Including lullabies, spinning and
y?Asy sw&cAtiS
grinding songs and the songs of Inspiration and
encouragement InterTded to be sung to the war
riors setting out for battle.
It is usually difficult for a listener of anothor
race to catch an Indian song owlug to tbo con
flicting noise due, in a great part, to the beating
of the drums. There is usually a difference In
time, the drum beats being designed to govern
bodily movements and mark the steps of the
ceremonial dancors, whereas the song voices the
emotion of the appeal. Tho drums may be beaten
in 2-4 time and the song be in 3-4 time or tho
beat be In 5-8 time against n melody In 3-4 time,
or the entire song may be sung to a rapid tremolo
beating ot the drum. The officials who have been
making a study of Indian music are enthusiastic
over Its possibilities. They declare that not only
does tho field afford rich opportunities for tbo
study of the growth of musical form, but the
Indian songs themselves offer to the present-day
composer a wealth ot melodic and rhythmic move
ments constituting a source of inspiration equal
to that which has beenupplled by the folk songs
of Europe and vastly more serviceable in the
development of a distinctive American "school"
of music.
Scales That Would Weigh a Thought
Sir William Ramsay, the distinguished English
scientist, has Invented a pair of scales delicate
enough, literally, to weigh a thought. Their rec
ord so far is one seven-millionth ot an ounce,
which Is considerably lighter than most thoughts
usually are. T-trtTscalos are kept under Sir Wil
liam's own laboratory in a small subterranean
chamber.
Tte room Is kept in semi-darkness. So deli
cate are these wonderful scales that their bal
unco Is disturbed by the alteration ot temperature
caused by the turning on of an electric Jlght at
the other end ot the room. The operator has to
leave them for an hour In darkness after he has
tiptoed from the roof, so that his footfall should
not set up any vibration and then read thorn
svylttly, before any change In the temperature has
had time to affect them.
Hanging by one end of the beam ot the scales
by a strand of silica fibre so slender that it Is
scarcely possible to see It is a tray. Upon this is
placed a minute glass tube. Imprisoned In the
tube Is a whiff of xenon, a gas discovered by Sir
William Ramsay. The movement of the scales
when the tube Is dropped upon them Is to slight
that it cannot be detected at all by the eye. But
tae movement Is made to swing from side to aide
JEREMIAH CAST
INTO PRISON
Sua Jay School Lotion for Auj. 20, 1911
Specially Arranged for This Piper
THERE ARE OTHER.
i a tiny mirror, upon which a beam of light Is
focussed. The result Is that a shifting point of
light Is thrown upon a graduated black scale six
feet away. The weight of tbo tube, with tbo gas
in it, is then recorded by tho movement of this
pin-point ot light on tho scale.
Then comes the interesting test. The gas Is re
leased from the tube, which Is weighed again. It
is now found to weigh a two hundred and fifty
thousandth of a milligramme, or a seven thou
sand millionth ot an ounce, less than It did when
the gas waB In It. Therefore, the weight of this
whiff of gas was a seven thousand millionth of an
ounce.
The smallest object that can be picked up with
the most delicate forceps Is a piece of aluminum
wire far thinner than a human hair, a twenty
fifth ot an inch 1b length, which weighs a four
teen hundred thousandth of an ounce. It can
scarcely be seen, and It is difficult to detect wheth
er it is resting on the scales or not A section
ot aluminum wire weighing an eighty-four hun
dred thousandth of an ounce can be prepared, nut
it Is only visible in a microscope. For this teason
weights of lesa than a fourteen hundred thou
sandth of as ounce have to be registered In gases.
I.KSSO.V TT.XT.-Joipmluh 37.
mhmohv vnusi:. 13.
Clou)!:. Tr.XT."ntoetl nro n
wlicn turn stinll rovllo J on, aiul tivrxccutt
you, nnd my nil umtincr of rvll im'iilnM
you fiiliu'ly, for my snle." Mutt. 6:11.
TIMi: of tills le.iKon vn H. C. 6VJ-5M.
13 yi'iUM after our lnnt li'sson iIuiImk tlm
InRt hIcku of Jertmlcin by Koliurhnrlnos.
znr, from tlio Dili to tliu lllli your of V.cilo
IUmIi'h rclKM.
IM.ACI!. Jonnnlpfti, nurroumldl by tho
IphIik1iiK nrnilcM of tlm Clintilrnna, iii'l
mirfVrliid from fuinltio ami iiuatllcnuo (.lor.
SS.S).
JcronilMi had prnnhcitlril nonrly 0 yenre
(Mnco l'.:i'.) ami was n prvinitturcly old
limn.
Zcilcklnh wmr tho IiihI klnir of Judnh,
rolKiiliiK 11 yenrx.
Xohiirlinilnczziir, lSth unit 13th year ot
Mm rrlk'ii.
Jcholnklm rrt(;ncd six years aftct
ho had burned tho roll of Jeremiah's
prophecies, which, llkn tho fublod
phoenix roso anew and fresh from
tho asbes. Ho was slain In C97,
Tho first blow of tho threatened
doom of Jmliih had fallen during tho
fourth yenr of his reign, tho first toll
lug of tho bell of Judgment which
should havo mimmotu-d tho very dead
In sin to nwalio. Hut they gavo no
heed.
Jeholachtn, his Ron, ascended tho
throne, n bad, weak hoy, utterly unlit
to copo with tho situation. Ills reign
lasted only three months. Upon Jo
holauhln descended tho full forco or
tho dlvlno vciigcanco Incurred by
previous generations. Ilo was scarcely
on tho throno when tho Chaldean
forces, which had been ravaging Ju
dea, wero Joined by Nebuchadnezzar
himself, nnd closed around Jerusa
lem, nnd Jeholachln surrendered at
discretion. Tho arm of Ilnbylon raised
to strlko bis father fell on him, nnd
fullllled tho prophecy against Jehoia
l;Im. "Ho shall have nono to sit upon
tho throno of David." Jeholachln was
kept a prisoner In I)ahlon for 37
years and was then released.
This was tho second blow of dlvlno
Judgment, tho beginning of the second
captivity, when 10,000 people wero car
ried captlvo to llabylou. Among them
wero tho klug'B wives and officers,
nnd 7,000 that wero strong nnd apt
for wnr, nnd 1,000 craftsmen; nnd a
largo part of tho M00 vessels of gold
nnd silver from tho Tomplo nnd pal
aces. Tho policy of Nebuchadnezzar
was to remove out of tho wny all thoso
who might be ablo to organlzo a re
volt when ho nnd his army had de
parted. Such men it would havo been
dangerous to leave behind. It would
seem as If till this would havo been
sufficient to prevail on tho people to
repent and bo saved.
Zedektah, tho brother ot Jeholakln,
wns placed upon tho throno by Nebu
chndnczznr, "a ehndow king over a
desperate band of men. During the
first nlno years of bis reign tho na
tion, luBtead of embracing the oppor
tunity of repentance, plunged tuoro
dcoply Into folly. Tho dregs of the
people, left behind in Jerusalem, laid
this flattering unction to their souls:
"Wo have boon spared by Jehovah,
thcreforo wo ro righteous in his)
eight."
During a brief rcsplto whllo Nebu
chadnezzar left Jerusalem froo whllo
he fought tho Egyptians Jeremiah
went forth out of Jerusalem to go into
tho land of Benjamin. His home was
at Anntboth in Ilonjaniln, threo or
four miles north of tho city. It was
apparently to secure his share of tho
tithes and produce of the Levltlcal
globo oMbe vlllago, due to him as one
of its priests. Knowing that tho Chat
deans would return, it was imperative
that be should obtain tho means ot
subsistence to take back into the city,
bo soon to be beleagured afresh. Oth
ers think it was to secure himself in
the possession of an inheritance.
There was a natural rush to get out
ot the city after so long a confine
mont. Jeremiah went with the others.
When Jeremiah was in the gate of
Benjamin, the north gate of the city,
that by which any one would go to
the country of Benjamin which ad
joined Jerusalem, a guard said: "Thou
tallest away to the Chaldeans; you
ore trying to desert to tho enemy."
Then Bald Jeremiah: "False 1 A lie!
I fall not a way to the Chaldeans."
He was arrested by tho guard, and
brought to the princes, the officials of
tho government, who wero wroth with
Jeremiah. He had compared them ta
rotten figs. He was tho strongest and
most resoluto" opponent of their war
policy. Rut for him thoy would have
had It all their own way.
Jeremiah was placed In a dungeon
under the prison building. Jerusalem
was honey-combed with subterranean
cisterns, vaulted or arched overhead,
and cabins, vaults, tho subterranean,
archod spaces of a cistern, containing
water. y
At last Zedcklalt, the king, secretly
took him out to Inquire: "Is thero any
word from tho Lord?" Jeremiah re
plied: "Thero is." The word was:
"Thou shalt be delivered Into tho band
of the king ot Babylon."
Missionary Illustrations are abun
dant In modern times. Witness tho
four fold growth ot the church in Mad
agascar as the result of the cruel per
secutions in 1849 and the two decades
following1, when Christians were flung
over "the Rock of Hurling," a preci
pice of 150 feet, wero burned to death,
stoned, killed by boiling water or by
poison. Witness the growth ot tho
church in China after the fearful Box
er massacres ot 1900.
And the horolsm of the mission
aries, so like that of the apostles of
old, has elevated the whole missionary
work throughout the world.
at Sm
Teacher What Is Yalcvard unlver
slty noted for?
Tommy For Its footbnl team.
PIMPLES COVERED HIS BACK
"My troubles began along In ths
summer in the hottest weather and
took the form of small eruptions and
Itching and n kind ot smarting pain,
it took mo mostly all ovor my back
and kept getting worse until finally
my back was covered with a mass ot
pimples which would burn nnd Itch at
night so thnt I could hardly stand It
This condition kept getting worse and
worso until my back was a solid mass
of big sores which would break open
nud run. My underclothing would bt
a clot of blood.
"1 tried various remedies and snivel
for nearly three years and I was not
getting any benefit. It seemed 1 was
In eternal misery nnd could not sleep
on my bnck or lean on n chair. I was
finally given a set or tho Cutlcura
Remedies nnd Inside of two weeks I
could sco nnd feel a gient relief. I
kept on using Cutlcura Soap, 01ntmcb
and also tho Resolvent, and In abouv
threo or four months' tlmo my back
was nearly cured and I felt ilka a new
being. Now I am In good health and
no sign ot any skfn diseases nnd I
am fully satisfied that Cutlcura Reme
dies aro tho best ever mnda for skin
diseases. I would not bo without
thorn." (Signed) W. A. Armstrong,
Corbln, Kan., May J5, 1911. Although
Cutlcura Soap nud Ointment nro sold
by druggists nnd denlors everywhere,
n satnplo of each, with 32-pago book,
will bo mailed free on application to
"Cutlcura," Dopt. 27 K, Uoaton.
Happiness, at least, Is not solitary;
It Joys to communlcuto; it lovo others,
for It depends on thorn for its exist
ence. Stevenson.
BEAUTIFUL POST CARDS FREE
KcnJ2o!aui for U?e niuuplea ot mj yetj cbulo
Ml Hold HutbuMud UlrtliJujr. Flownr and Motto
I'oal Cardii bwiullful colors and loellot deilgnt.
J. T. DuaUp, KM Oomuierce Itldg., Oiuh, Neb.
Hold fast to the highest Ideals that
flash upon your vision in hours of
exultation. Frances C. Wlllard.
t?SK AIXIOTS FOOT-KAHR
Ut AntlHiptlo powder to b itukrn Into the thoM
forUrmi.Bchlnf feot. ItUkeithixtlnicnntuf corna
nd bonloDi and maki walking a delight. Sold
rrrrwliore, Ka. Ittjutt $utMtltutr. for FitEB)
trial package, addntu A. B. Ulnuted, Lo Itojr, i.J.
I
The art Is to bring tho state ot
mind bred of largo thinking Into the
routine of life. N. S. Shalor.
Mm. Wtanlow'n Soothing Syrup for Chlldrt
Irrtblntr, HoftttiallioifumH, reduce Inllumma
tiuu, allaya palu, cure wind colic, i!Sa bottla.
Some men envy their hair when. It
como out on top.
ASSIST
YOUR
STOMACH
In its work of digestion
and assimilation by be
ginning your meals with
a dose of
HOSTETTER'S
STOMACH BITTERS
It will prevent
SOUR STOMACH ...
INDIOESTION . DYSPEPSIA
SICK HEADACHE.
HEARTIUM MALARIA
Try a bottle today.
The Army of
Constipation,
Is Crowing Smaller Every Day.
CARTER'S LITTLE
MVER PILLS are
responsible they
not only give reuet
tney perma-
nentlycureCaa-.
itistUM. Mil;
lions use,
them for
RilLmftUB-
I.4U..H.. Skk HuJuk. SaBaw Skk.
SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE, SHALL PJUCK. '
Genuine must bear Signature
aMS q
sBHl :adtfh5
.BHBHImiTTl
BHST IllWFEl
BPav IH
tr JkK"xsE
$&J?&&v
IUISV FI V KILLER tt SStSEtt
I onuataul. cm?
tahchMp. liwd
MM. uiutwa
Itlpotw, willoooO
jor tmjur. urthlaf.
GVMtfl clfcV
ir. 04 all Mmm
lM mp) tl lor uc
luaoui anaiaa
IWIMItlllXi
Smalt. I. a.
W. N, U., LINCOLN, NO. 32-1911.
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