hpHB
tlte Ouirta
wis
VI.ACHAN'"'
Tho old Indian
turned Ills fnco from
the cami flro nnd
fixed Ills bend-black
eyes on inluo
Oulnclian," I re
pealed "Why ilo men
call you Oulachan?"
Ho turned hla wrin
kled fnco to the Hro
again aiul wo ant
U W ll I 1 0 111 ttllOIK'0.
Thon, in tho (loop gutturals anil short,
broken words of his native tongue, ho
told me.
"Mnny fiutmnorB ago," ho Raid, "tho
teepees of my father's tribe btood
wheio we Bit tonight. Tho white man
was not hero then" ho pointed up
the river lownrd Kel30 "the woods
and tho open wore the Indian' Tho
Indian hunted and fished and was
happy. Hut white men nunc up the
big river In canoes and the brought
with them tho black death. Warriors,
klootchmcn, pnppooscs. all alike sick
ened. Mnny died. When the rain
und the winter came, no deer meat,
no fish hung braldo tho teepees. For
when tho frost drovo tho black death
away, tho hunters were weak They
could not go to tho woods for deer,
and the salmon had passed on tip the
llttlo river. Tho Indian was very
hungry. Tho klootchmen anil tho
nappooscs cried for meat. And when
tho Indian was roady to fold his blan
ket around him and Ho down to tho
long sleep, tho Groat Spirit saw nud
sent food. From the north It came,
from under tho frozen water Swim
ming together. A ions ropo blg
niany bunn long. Many llttlo fish swim
ming nt tho bottom of the big wa
tei "tho Pacific "along the bottom
of tho big river" the Columbia. "They
enmo here to tho mouth of the little
ilver" ho pointed to tho Cowlitz
flowing past us In the darkness to tho
Columbia "and hero they camo to tho
top of tho water. My father saw
j;'.;"""
G4TCmNTh mM
I V .?iS A. i fl?-f-Wl MMW ' . ' -..-. ? lliMMMUllBW: .mHHlllllllllH I
n$k! ?r ,w1 Arfe' zd3l4i catch ($a
g -- 1118 pffSSlsiL
1 a ?rrch"ts.S?T..Ji. MtZT
iiiiiii mw iiT'i MiiMiiinii i n inmrnr 1 r i
i-c-Mpy t-cfruf--rtt'rr
them and shouted, 'Oulnclian.' Hunters and
klootchmon went into the water and caught tho
oulachan with their hands. 'Oulnclian,' they
shouted. They mado potlach and were filled, lu
that hour was I born. My namo Is Oulachan."
Tho oulachan still runs In tho Cowlitz and
every year there Is a feast, but it is a feast for
white men; tho Indian tribes have vanished
from tho rivor. During tho early months of win
ter Portland and all tho cities and towns within
reach- of tho Ashing grounds look forward to tho
feast. In tho old days when Portland was tho
only market fishermen scrambled for tho first
of tho run. A wild raco of tho deep-laden boats
up tho Columbia followed, and tho first boatload
to reach tho market sold, smelt for silver, weight
for weight. But rIiko rullroads and refrigerator
cars havo put smalt fishing on tho basis of u
practical industry, the first run of tho oulachan
does not bring moro than 20 -cents the pound In
tho northwestern retail mnrkets, though tho very
first to arrive aro eagerly sought at prices somo
what higher.
Known commercially as tho Columbia river,
Btnolt, tho king of pan fish has Boveral names,
Ichthyologists classify it as thleichthys pnclflcus,
of tho smelt family. Tho Indians of tho Colum
bia river region knew It ns oulnclian and tho pio
neer fishermen called It tho Eskimo candlo fish,
in shapo it resembles tho smelt of tho eastern
KtateB mid Europe, but Its rich yet dollcato ami
sweet flavor places it far above them In tho esti
mation of tho epicures. Indeed, enthusiasts Insist
that as a pan fish it is superior to trout of any
kind.
For unnumbered years the oulachan has mado
tho Cowlitz river its spawning ground ami of
courso tho Columbia river Indians vvero tho first
to uso it for food. During tho runs they caught
the fish in vast ciuantltlns drying nnd smoking
them, and dried, actually used them for light
in their toopoes. For so much is tho oulachan In
oil that, with a strip of bark run through it, tho
dried fish will burn with u clear llama from noso
to tall.
In tho early months of tho northwestorn win
ter the oulachan gather lu uncountable millions
nt some unknown spot In Bering Bea and begin
their southward bwIiu. Always closo to tho ocean
bed, traveling In tho form of u monster ropo miles
in length, they pass all tho river and flord open
ings nlong tho coast until tho mouth of tho Co
lumbia Is reached. Thon, so clos'oly hugging tho
river bottom that kill nots aro all but usoless,
to reach them, thoy mnko for tho Cowlitz. A
few miles up from tho mouth of that river they
Btrlko the shallower water, and como within easy
reach of tho waiting flahermon.
From Indian times until tho gront catch of
last season tho method of fishing has boon tho
uamo A boat or a canoo to flail from, and a dip
net with a long hnndlo for fishing tackle, aro all
thnt is necessary One
dom not oven need tin1
dip nut to catch a
"mess," for tho river Is
litorully nllvo with ou
lachan and children oft
en ball them out of the
water with tin cans, get
ting half fish and half
water. Where the wa
ter Is shallow enough
thoy can oven bo caught
with tho bare hands, us
their f.ltln Is not slimy
when In tho water.
Tho run Is always
heralded far down tho
Columbia by Hocks of
eagles, gulls and hawks, following in tho wako
of tho living ropo of fish nud picking up tho
dead as they como to tho surface. Then tho fish
ermen gather by hundreds in their boats along,
tho fishing grounds and feel nlong tho bottom
with tho polo ends of their dip nets. When tho
polo strikes tho small, wriggling bodies swim
ming along tho river bottom in solid phalanx,
it is simply dip and fill, empty tho net into tho
boat, dip and fill again, until tho boat can hold
no moro. Thcro is not much sport about it. It
is Just about as exciting as clam digging and
requires no moro skill. Quantity, caught, and
quickness in dipping ono's boat full to tho gun
wales of flapping llttlo fish are tho smelt fisher
man's Ideals of Bport. And during tho runs fish
ermen, fish eaters and oven tho ctomally gob
bling seagulls ullko become sated. When the
gulls are nt nil hungry tho flshormon nmuso
thomsolvcs by tOBslng up smelt for tho gulls to
catch in tho air. A Bcagull on tho wing will grab
n fish by tho middle or tail, toss nnd reverse it
in nlr, and gulp It down head first in the wink
of an oyo.
Most of tho fishing Is dono nt night. Daylight
scorns to scatter the fish, but oven In daytlmo
during tho height of tho season tho fishermen
keep at their work with good results. Ah a rule,
there nro two men to each bout and the craft
aio filled In an incredibly short tlmo. Ono night
last season two Kolso men filled a power launch
to ltB capacity of 2,250 pounds In 45 minutes, or
at tho rate of 50 pounds a minute, nnd catches
of 10,000 pounds in ono dny and night were fre
quent. While tho Cowlitz river Is tho only constant
spawning ground, tho oulachan has been known
to run up tho Lewis and tho Sandy. At tho tlmo
of tho run up tho Lewis, 1 1 yonrs ago, thero was
only a small run of mnlo fish in the Cowlitz, nnd
tho flahermon nmdo their season's catch In tho
Lewis. About onco lu eight years thero is a run
up the Sandy, apparently independent of tho
Cowlitz run, as tho number In that river Is not
lessoned. At tho tlmo of tho lust run in the
Sandy n party of Portland men wont out with dip
nets. Ono man lost his dip not but found an
old, rusty, discarded blrdt cago. Ho tied It to
tho end of a polo and scored an equal catch with
tho otjiers. During tho samo run farmers drovo
their wagons Into tho stream, dipped thoni full
of fish nnd hauled load after load to tholr or
chards to uso as fertilizer. Pork sold lu tho
Portlnnd market somo months Inter hnd a dis
tinctly fishy flavor and revealed tho fact that
somo of the thrifty agriculturists had fed smolt
to their hogs.
Last soason tho Cowlitz rlvor wns tho spawn
ing ground of the greatest run of smolt over
known by fishermen who have been in tho busi
ness over twenty years. At tho soason's closo
tho river had yielded over 10,000,000 pounds, or
5,000 tons of oulachan, nnd ns the fish average
about eight to tho pound 80,000.000 of them went
'the way of thu.mnrkot nud tho frying pun.
Tho fishing grounds of tho Cowilt. aro prac
tically tho only ones where the oulachan can bo
caught In paying quantities. On tho Columbia
homo few aro caught by gill nettcra. But the
rhcr is duip nud for tho most part the fish swim
hcvoml the reach of the widest net. Even when
caught thev have to bo picked one by ono out
of tho meshes, so putting the gill netter out of
competition with the Cowlitz man and his greedy,
long-handled dipper. The grounds extend 'but
eight or tin miles In the Cowlitz. Before Kolso
wns on the map the best location Is said to havo
been directly opposite whero tho Northern Pa
cific depot now Btands, but tho growth of tho
town hns drhon tho fish farther up and tho best
catches nro now mndo two miles above Uils point.
Between tho small floating docks of the town,
and tho fishing grounds bonts ply day and night
during tho runs, going upstream empty nnd re
turning laden with fish. Over 500 boats aro cm
ployed In the Industry, about 75 of them power
boats.
It Rectus strango that tho oulachan, so far
superior to the eastern smelt, hns never reached
tho eastern markets. Tho fish are packed In
50-pound boxes for shipment nnd tho curlier
catches sell in tho wholesalo market at from
$2.50 to $5.00 tho box; but In tho height of tho
season tho ordinary flshormnn gets only about
?50 for 200 boxes 10,000 pounds. On tho river
nro soveral men who buy at thoso prlcos from
other flshermon, maintain bonts of their own
nud ship direct to rotall markotn.s Portland hns
wholesalo buyers on the ground, and probably
tho greater part of tho rotall trudo Is supplied
through them. At Kolso smolt havo been shipped
asfar east iib Wisconsin. Tho fishermen Bny
thnt with cold storage fncllltles tho output could
be greatly Increased. Canning In the form of
Bnrdlnes hns novcr been tried, though in tho
opinion of experts tho fl3h ho fronted would dis
count tho Imported flnrdlnc. Tho mnrket Is umi
ally demoralized oarly In tho five months' sea
son by schoolboys, who go out, lond up a fow
boats with fish und hecomo nn easy mark for
buyers. Often, too, Greeks nnd ltnllans como up
the rlvor In bonts, stay a day or two and sell
tholr fish for whntover thoy can got, nnd tho men
regularly engaged lu tho trndd wnnt to make It
a licensed one, on this nccount.
Tho growing output of the oulnclian would
seem, on tho face of It, to demand a Olfford Pin
chot on the fluh commission. But tho supply
Increases yonr after year with the demand nnd
apparently knows no limit. Lnit yonr's run
broko all records and tho Cowlltj smolt flshor
is looking forward lu happy conflilonco to tho
coming winter, when tho deeps and uhnllnwii at
tho streams will again bo filled with oalixlian.
Sad Blow.
"Waa alio overcome by her husband's tmtlden
death?"
"Oh, yeB. Sho had Just bought half a doioa
new ball gowna." Birmingham Ago-Horuld.
Soaring.
"Sho married an .old mnn who Is very rich."
"I wont ono bettor on thnt. I married a young
aviator who Is a millionaire. Polo Molo.
Hard to Convince.
Llttlo 'Tommy (eldest of tho fnmlly, at dinner)
Mamma, why don't you help mo boforo Ethel?
Mamma Lndlos must always corao first.
Tommy (triumphantly) Thon why was I born
boforo Ethel? Tit-Bits.
ID II
I
Interesting Massachusetts Monu.
mont of Sixty Years Ago.
Now but Rarely Seen nnd but Little
Known by the Residents and
General Public Who Pass
That Way.
Boston. Thero are In Now England
In many places, monuments moio oi
less artistic, erected to maik historic
spots or to comnioinorato events nl
local Importance. Such are goncrallj
well known and easily accessible, litil
tho old Meridian monument In Med
ford Is but rarely seen and but little
known by tho lesldents and genera!
public
It Is safe o assert that of tho mnuv
that pass It dally, but few have evet
noticed It, owing to Its peculiar loca
tlou and tho proximity of tho hill on
which It Htnnds to tho street that
mrves about Its base. Inquiry of many
residents leveals their Ignorance of It,
and, Indeed, tho writer had been n
tesldent for over thirty years and had
many times passed that way, when,
by n casual upward glniicn at just the
light Instant he caught a glimpse ol
It. Soon after he mado a visit there
to and secured a vlow of Its weather
beaten outlines and began Inquiry as
to Its history. It Is sltunted on tho
slope or tho hill that rises steeply
noitliward fioin Wlnthrop street and
midway between the Medford city
farm and the Wliltiuoio brook road In
to Middlesex fells.
"What Is It?" nud "What was It
built for?"
This cairn or monument Is a trun
cated pyramid, 7 feel wide by II! feet
long at Its base, tapeis to about I! and
!) at the top and Is ii feet high. It
was built by bowidets with split
granite blocks at Its corners.
Aciohs I bo top and facing south
ward is a single block of granite,
smoothly dressed upon two sides. This
T
BY MURINE EYE REMED
Y
Stono Monument In Medford.
block has upon Its fnco tlueo clicu
lar projections, also hammer finished,
tlio contial one being less in dinmeter
than tho other two and each project
ing three quarters of an Inch.
As tho masonry of the calm Is not
continued up behind this block theio
may havo been n similar stono thoro
nnd removed either by accident or
design. Thin conjecturo seoms rea
sonnblo, as within tho center of tho
calm Is Imbedded a 'substantial stick
of native rod cedar sovernl Inches In
dinmeter and fractured at tho upper
end. Evidently this was a flngstaff or
signal nolo; and Its breaking may
havo caused tho loosening or fall of
a similar capstone nt the rovcrso of
tho one described.
As seen by tho illustration, this
capstone Is dressed squnrely. This
lends to another conjocturo, which, lu
tho absence of evidence to tho con
trary, seems reasonable, nnmoly, that
tho gi unite block was fdrmorly In uso
ns a lintel In somo Inrgo building, Its
position reversed, as shown by Its
hammered facos.
No Inscription of any sort 1b to bo
found about or upon It; nnd nothing
snvo tho broken cednr Btlck gives nny
cluo to Its Identity or tho purpose of
Its erection; while tho loosened mor
tar nnd discolored nnd time-worn
stones clearly ludlcnto that its build
ers havo passed on.
Inquiry, nt tho Cambridge observa
tory elicits tho Infoi mutton thnt n
stono monument was erected In Med
ford at about 1850 ns a meridian mnrli
for tho adjustment of tho old trnnslt
clrclo In tho cast wing of tho ob
Bervntory. Tho eldest mombor of tho
staff gives tho Information thnt "It
supported a simple bonrd spiked to
tho masonry, on which wns n mark
that could be seen fiom tho observa
tory." The old transit clrclo was replaced
by another In 1870, and the uso of tho
calm as a meridian mark wns dlccon-tinned.
Keeps House at 102.
Saratoga, N. Y. At tho ago of on&
liundred und two Mrs. Margaret Vnn
nenuselaer lives alone, cooks her own
incnla and does all hor own housework
In hor llttlo homo horo. Sho was born
In Montreal, remembers going barefoot
ed over tho spow-covered ground at tho
ago of ten, has always worked hard,
novcr hud n doctor but onco and that
was for nn injury to hor finger when
t.ho was rilnoty-BOven. Sho never wont
to school nnd cannot rend. Her father
tiled at ono hundred und ono and her
mother at nlncty-nlno. Sho attributes
hor long life to slmplo food and to liv
ing out cf doors as much as possible,
DOUGLAS
SHOES
For Red. Wtk. Weirr. Wtr Er m!
GRANULATED EVEI jr
MurlnoDocon'tSmart SoothGnEvoPfttn
DratiliU Sill Mori En Rtn4r, Uiitj, 25. SOc, $1X9
Murino Era Sabre, In AptlcTul, 2Ge, $liOO
EYB B00K8 AND ADVICB FREE HY MAIt.
Murino EyoRc mody Co.,Chlcago
W. L.
HAND-SEWCD
HIIOCEOD
MEN'S $2.00. $2.60, $3.00, $3.60, M.OO, $5.00
W UJUAH 0 TU.OU, T J.TJ.OU, SKI
B0Y8' J2.00, $2.60 &, $3.00
THESTANDARD
FOR 30 YEARS
They nro absolutely tho
most populnrand best nhoea
for tho prico In America.
They nro the lea'dera over v ,
whero becauso they holtl
tnoir anapo, nt better,
look better nnd wear loti-
cer than other make:.
They are certainly the I
most economical shoea for vou to buv. W. L.
Douelaa name and retail price are stamped on
tho bottom value uatMtttA.faitColorHviltii
TAKB NO 8UUBTITUTEI If your drtler
cannot supply you write for Mall Order Catalog.
W. L DOUGLAS, llrocklon. Man.
DATPHT VnitltlUKAR. Thnrnurbr1nTou
rftlCni m-nUh. ni-paitn Honk Krp, Kit. fo-rt.
Ilifc-CMld .V IV) . l'aUAUir.lloi K. Watliinston.D a
VU-.,.. W V
JtKsAM
JUI v Vtif-Vl
HMSlVa.&fta
WHERE HE 8AVED MONEY.
v i""w MJB ((&) If
iwrua.a OAtB.
"You sny It costs less to run this
nutomobllo thnii that trotting hor&o
you owned?"
"Yes; I used to bet on tho trottlna
horse."
Opportunity of Suffragist.
Ilaroncss Alctta Korff tolls lu ona
of tho mnga.lucs how tho women of
Finland enmo to vote. Tho frtct is
that women had to allow that thoy
could meet an emergency boforo th
voto enmo to them. Thoy havo not
hud many opportunities to tako tho
Initiative In tho world's history and
they havo not always responded when
tho opportunity came, but when a
crisis, Bttch ns that in 1004, when tho
strike nnd tho 1 evolutionary outbreak
In Russia took placo at tho samo tlmo,
occurred, thoy proved they could
mako penco by doing it. Not until
England and tho United Stntos find
tho women helping them to boar somo
great troublo will thoy glvo thorn tho
right to voto.
Try to Come Back.
Not long ago Ixjrd Klnnnlrd, who Is
always actively Interested In rollgloua
work, paid n nurprlso visit to a mis
sion school In tho cast end of London
nnd told n class of boys tho story of
Samson. Introducing his nanatlvo,
his lordship added:
"Ho was strong, becamo weak, nnd
then regained his strength, enabling
him to destroy his enemies. Now,
boys, If I hnd nn cnorny, what would
you advlso mo to do?"
A llttlo boy, after meditating on the
oecret of that groat giant's Btrcngth,
shot up his hand and exclaimed: "Got
a bottlo of 'air restorer."
Vory, Very Eny.
Patlonco You can't do anything
without money?
Pntrlce Oh, yes, you cnn. You can
run In debt
"NO FRILL8"
Just Sensible Food Cured Him.
Sometimes a good, healthy commer
cial travolor suffers from poorly se
lected food and Is lucky if ho loarns
that" Grape-Nuts food will put ulm
right.
A Cincinnati travolor says: "About
a year ago my stomach got In .a bad
way. I had a hcadacbo most of tho
tlmo and suffered misery. For several
months I ran down until I lost about
'0 pounds in weight and finally hnd to
glvo up a good position and go homo.
Any food that I might uso seemed to
uausoato me.
"My wlfo, hardly knowing what to
do, ono flay brought homo a package
of Grape-Nuts food and coaxed mo ta
try it. I told hor It was no uso but
finally to humor her I tried n little,
and thoy Just Btruclc my tnsto. It
was tho first food I had eaten in near
ly a year that did not causo any Buffer
Ing.
"Well, to mako a long story Bhort, I
began to Improve and stuck to Grapo
Nuts. I went up from 1315 pounds In
December to 191 pounds tho following
Octobor.
"My brain Is clear,, blood all
right and appetite too much for any
mun'B pocketbook. In fact, I am thor
oughly mado ovor, and owo It nil to
Grapo-Nuts. I talk so much about what
Urapo-Nuts will do that somo of tho
men on tho road havo nickuumod mo
'Grape-Nuts,' but I stand today a
healthy, rosy-cheokod man a protty
good oxamplo of what tho right kind
of food will do.
"You can publish this If you wnnt to.
It is a truo statement without any
frills."
Read tho llttlo, book, "Tho Road to
Wollvlllo," In pkgs. "Thero'a a Roason.-
Eier rend the nlinvo letterT A atrf
nno npptMir from tlmo to time. TUcy
lire Kcmilue, true, nud full of IiUBiaa
Intercut.
.(
ft;
A
lv
v
isfHi .jtyi
)