''wi,e -
jMifr.tWV '"!
'"' '"'lypPlffei
The Dociim
xThat Made
Amerlcae:
' Freemen
ONGRESS In 177C had
CI put into tbo hands of
B John Adama and
I Thotnna Jefferson tbo
I drafting ot tho Declarn
I tlon of Indonendonco.
wrltofl Fullerton L.
Waldo In tho Phila
delphia Lodger. Tho
two collaborators had
a clear Idea of tho ar
ticles of which tho Dec
laratlon waB to conn!st, for thore had
been prolongod discussions In com
mittee of which careful notoa were
taken. Tho little Bub-commlttco of
two mon root and conforrod together,
nnd Jefferson naked Adams to take
the written memoranda to his lodg
ings and Ihoro proparo tho draft.
But Adama, solf-effacingly. Insisted
that tho laborious honor should fall to
his colleague.
'You aro a Virginian." salil Adams,
"and I am a Massachusetts man. You
am a southerner and I am from tho
(north; I havo boon bo obnoxious for
my early and constant zeal In promo
ting tho measuro that any draft of
mlno would undorgo a moro sovoro
scrutiny nnd criticism in congreas than
one of your composition. And finally
and that would bo roason enough If
thejro wero no other I have a great
opinion of tho eloganco of your pon
and nono at all of my own."
Wheroupon, bowing dcoply and with
protestations of mutual regard, tho
patriots wont their several ways, Jef
ferson with tho manuscript under his
arm. And In a day or two they met
again and "conn'd tho paper over."
"I was delighted with Its high tono."
!Adams wroto in 1822 to Timothy Pick
erlng. But to tho part containing tho
denunciation of King Gcorgo ho took
exception. "I thought tho oppression
too passlonato and too much Hko scold
ing for so gravo and solemn a docu
ment." Nevertheless, ho bad no
amendment to Btiggeat. and the draft
t
MmOMMMm
Bmlr) i j rj mi id izi tafiHEpi
Famous Old independence Hall.
of the declaration was put boforo tho
committco ot flvo Just as Jefferson
had prepared it,
Tho desk upon which tho declara
tion was draftod Is In tho llbrnry of
tho Btato department at Washington.
It was exhibited at Buffalo In tho Pan
American exposition in 1901.
Tho final debato in congress, In tho
commlttoo of tho whole, upon tho
adoption of the Declaration of Inde
pendence began at nino o'clock on
Monday, July 1. On that day Pennsyl
vania, sovon of whoao dologates woro
present, voted against adoption. Tho
voto of Dolaware, having two dolo
gates prcsont, was divldod.
Thoroupon McKean of Dolnwaro,
who had voted affirmatively, wroto a
frantic lottor to tho absent Delawaro
dolcgato, Caesar Itodnoy, Imploring
him to como and cast his vote, and
thus turn tho scalo for Delaware, for
it was highly probablo that If Dela
waro supported tho declaration Penn
sylvania would follow suit.
Rodney at tho tlmo wan SO miles
away, at Dover, at ono or tho othor of
Ills farms, Byflold and Poplar Grove.
Ho suffered tortures from tho cancor,
which, starting on IiIb noso, had spread
all ovor ono sldo of his faco, so that
ho had' to woar a groou silk Bhlold to
hldo tho dlsflguromont; it was of this
chronic affliction that ho died. A con
temporary chronicle describes him as
"an nulmatod skoloton Indeed, all
spirit, without corpc-ronl integument."
McKean'a messongor loft Philadel
phia Into in tho afternoon of July 1. It
was necessary to got Rodney back to
Indopendonco hall by July 4, tho day
appointed for taking tho voto upon tho
ndoptlon of tho declaration. All night,
nil day ho rodo at top Hpood; ami Rod
noy Is supposed to havo started on tho
return Journoy In tho ovenlng of tho
second.
That rldo of Rodnoy'B deserves to
eet
go down In history alongside of Pnui
Rovere's nnd Philip Sherldnn'B. In do
fault of missing detail tho imagination
must provide the plcturo of tho tall,
gaunt spectre of a man, half-masked
and riding llko a demon, urging hit
stood onward through tho night with
whip nnd spur, along a road abounding,
In pitfalls, with black miles separating
ono warm, yellow cabin light from the
noxt. What was ho thinking of as ho
rodo onward? Not of tho pain of tho
cancer, Blowly eating awny his counte
nance and sapping his vitality; not of
tho risk ho ran, a solitary horseman,
of being waylaid and robbed or mur
dered upon tho lonely Journoy. Ho
hooded not tho hunger and tho sleep
lessness; ho was thinking only of tho
fuct that his voto would turn tho day
for Delaware; Delaware, though a lit
tle stnto, might lnfluouco Pennsylva
nia, and so tho voto ot tho colonies
would bo unanimous for n declaration
that would immortnllzo tho men who
raado and signed It, and enlranchlso
tho pcoplo ot tho 13 colonics nnd their
descendants.
Next day, Thursday, July 4, aa tho
mombers wero assembling at tho state
house door, a rider, booted and spurred
and covered with tho dust of night-and-day
travel, dismounted in their
mldat, and when, a llttlo lator, Caesar
Rodney roso in his place, still breath
ing hard, and Bald, "I voto for lndo
pondence," tho result was that tho vote
of Delaware was cast in favor of tho
declaration, Pennsylvania, by throo ot
her flvo delegates present, supported
Delaware's action, and thus by tho ride
of Rodney the unnnlmous voto of tho
colonies (with tho solitary and tem
porary excoptlon of Now York) was
that day nocured for tho Magna Chartn
of our American liberties.
"It was two o'clock in tho after
noon," Lossing tells us, "when the
final decision waB announced by Sec
retary Thomson. When tho secretary
sat down a deep sllenco pervaded that
august assembly. Thousands of anx
ious citizens had gathered In tho
streets. From tho hour when con
gress convened In tho mornlnir tho
old bollman had been In tho stceplo.
no placed a boy at tho door below to
glvo him notlco when tho announce
ment should bo mado. As hour suc
ceeded hour, tho graybeard shook his
head, and said, 'They will never do It!
Thoy will never do It!" Suddenly a
loud shont came up from bolow, and
there stood tho bluo-oyed boy, clapping
his hands and shouting 'Ring! ring!'
Grasping tho Iron tonguo of tho old
boll, backward and forward ho hurled
It a hundred times, Its loud voice pro
claiming 'Liberty throughout all tho
land, unto all tho inhabitants thereof.'
Tho excited multltudo In tho streets
responded with loud acclamations, nad
with cannon peala, bonfires and Illu
minations tho patriots held glorious
carnival that night In tho quiet city of
Penn."
'
'&
Union and Liberty.
Flag of tho heroes who
left us their glory.
Horno throUBh tliolr bat
tlefields' thunder and
(In mo,
Blazoned In sons nnd il
lumined In atory,
Wave o'or ua all who In
herit their fame!
Up with our banner
bright,
Spread Ua fnlr emblems
from mountain toshoro,
Whllo through
its
soundlnu sky
Loud rings the
tlon'B cry
Union and Liberty!
Evermore I
na-
Ono
I i
happs
TrvrnnHn
Crrics
j v M.M.AjLcxD&mmmm
s
-
"Practical" Queries
KANSAS CITY. Mo.-Was education
more practical n generation ago,
or did John's father study his books
moro thoroughly than John docfi?
John In a Hoventh grade student In
tho public schools. Ho askoi his
father one day to help him solve the
following problem:
A, asked how much money he ban
in the bank, replied: "If I had $10
more I would have $1,000 more than
half what I now have." llow much
money had A?
"Such n fool problem," said the
fnthor. "Toll that teacher to nsk the
cashier You hove been pestering me
with problems like that for a week.
Suppose your teacher asked you how
old you arc. Would you tell her:
" 'If I were ten times as old as l
am, diminished by 42, 1 would be 30
years older than dad, and if dad wero
ono-fourth ns old as ho now Is lie
would bo my ngc?' "
"What would your teacher do If you
answered in such a mnnner? In my
days wo had practical problems In
our arithmetic."
In order to Investigate his father's
statement John went to the public li
brary and aBked for an old arithmetic.
The librarian gave him "Richard's
Natural Arithmetic." Ho turned to
tho pago marked "Practical KxcrclseB"
and read:
A puts his wholo flock of sheep Into
three pastures; half go Into ono pas
ture one-third into another and 32
Into n third. How many In the flock?
"That'B queer," said John. "Prac
tical exercises, too. Here Is a man
who wants to find how ninny sheep he
Partners for Years
NKW YORK. In ono of tho Inrgo
wholesalo houses In this city
there are flvo partners. Two of them
havo not spoken to each other except
over tho telephono for twenty years.
Their prlvato offices aro not more
than twenty feet apart and they seo
each other a score of times a day, but
they meet nnd pass without the slight
est sign of recognition. If It becomes
necessary In tho course of business
for them to commuulcato with each
other they do so either by calling n
stenographer and dictating a memo
randum or else by being connected
on tho telephono over their prlvato
lino. .They never speak face to faco.
A quarter of a century ngo theso
flvo partnors were young mon with
small capital. All of them had been
employes of the same concern, but
they had their own ideas and believed
in them. So they put their money to
gether and formed a partnership. Tho
now business was successful from the
very Btart. Each man had his own
particular branch to look after and
UJWTI0N5 J, TOf nrJZL
"Old Rags, Old Iron" Set to Music
BOSTON. An outdoor Bchool for
making musical rag men, hawkers
md street venders Is tho latest educa
tional novelty established In this city.
Miss Cnrollno E. Wenzel, n fair sot
Uomcnt worker nnd n graduate of
Vassar, Is the originator of tho idea
and solo Instructor. Miss Wenzel ho
lioves that if the volco of the rag man
and peddler must bo tolerated it
should issue forth from tho throats in
fluto-llko tones. She conAdontly be
lieves that onco her method becomes
a fixture n person, Instcnd of feeling
obliged to slam down the window on
Expected Twin Babies But He Found
1 j&ail hm
CHICAGO. "Como home twinsl"
A mandatory order to a police
man of tho Hydo Park station flashed
from his homo to tho station at mid
night. Tho pollcomnn obeyed, Just as
he has dono each year at tho sum
mons to "como homo" upon tho ar
rival of now mombor8 of tho family
ten of them during tho Inst ton years.
Sorgt. Bartholomew Cronln, tho
father, left his desk duties at tho po
llco station nnd rushed to his house
nt 7019 Indiana nvenuo. Within wore
signs of activity; lights flashed and
above the din of excitement could be
.A, xruzz? .va.,z
i&
That Puzzled Dad
has. lie counts them so he will know
when lie has half of them. This half
ho putt Into a pasture. Then ho
counts out a third nnd puts It In nn
other pen Next he counts what's left
and finds he has 32. After a little
figuring he llnds how many in the
wholo illicit Very practical. I guest
dad didn't study that book."
The next- book ho examined was
"Milne's Inductive Arithmetic," edlj
tlon of 187'J. In miscellaneous exam
ples he found tho following:
Two ladders will together Just
reach the top of a building seventy
flvo feet high If tho shorter ladder lu
two-thirds the length of tho other,
what Is the length of each?
"Why didn't ho mousuro each lad
der separately?" John asked himself.
"That problem Is not practical. I
guess dnd Is older than 1 thought. I
want an older book."
Tho text hook written In 18C8 wns
handed to him. The book wnB evU
dently influenced by tho Civil war, for
It was fllled with problomn dealing
with battering down fortifications
and the sustenance of soldiers. Ono
problem was:
"If twelve pieces of cannon, eighteen
pounders, can hatter down a fortress
In three hours, how long will It tnko
for nineteen twenty-four pounders to
batter down the same fortress?"
"That'B flno for a general," John re
flected, "but dad says that I am going
to bo a captain of industry."
Another arithmetic of tho snmo dntn
had tho famous fish problem, with
which John's teacher had troubled him
for six weeks before he himself flnnlly
explained It to tho cIubb. Tho Ash
problem Is.
"The head of a flsh Is ten Inches
long. Its tall Is u h long as Its head
aud one-half the body. Tho body is
as long ns tho head aud tall both.
How long Is tho flsh?"
Very handy problem for a butcher.
But Never Speak
each was a specialist who did IiIb part
to perfection. .Their soparato Inter
OBts in tho Arm so Interlocked and
they worked together so hnrmonlous
ly that within Ave years they were on
tho high road to fortune. It was Just
at thlB time that these two partners
fell out. It arose from a trifling dlf.
Terence their wives had. Naturally
each partner, through loyalty to his,
apouse, took her Bide, and tho quarrel
grow so bitter that It culminated In
blown being exchnnged. Then thoy
vowed thoy never would speak to each
other again. Tho other three partnera
snw that If this course wero pursued
It would spell ruin. After a lengthy
conferenco, in which tho two cIIr
putants wero called In separately, the
proposition wns put to them that they
should agree to remnln with tho firm,
of which they wero essentially im
portant pnrts, and should hold conv
munlcntion with each other only on
business mnttcrB and then either In
writing or by telephone.
This is the plan that has been for
lowed to thlB day and is likely to be
pursued to tho end. When theso twe
enemies talk over tho telephono thoy
converse with nil tho polite amiability
of old business associates; they dis
cuss prices, business propositions and
the various nroblems witli which they
aro mutually concerned.
a hot Bummer day or fret and fumo
ovor tho gutterul cries of tho mer
chants of tho thoroughfnres, will
throw open Uio window and bo lulled
into peaceful slumber through tho
melodious strains of "Rags and Bot
tles," "Ole Iron." "Soap Groaso" and
"Juicy Lemons."
Miss Wenzol hnB established her
outdoor Bchool nt Washington street
and Massachusetts avenue nnd has
nearly a Bcoro of pupils. Tho young
woman Is popular with tho vondors.
Sho got her Idea from u trip nbroad
Inst year. Hor method Is simple. Sho
flnds out n man'B buBlnesB nnd in
structs him accordingly. Sho sug
gests expression to flt his wares and
tenches tho correct pronunciation of
theso expressions.
Her musical Instruction Is Blmllar
to what tho mimical tcachors advo
cate for tho production of a good
ringing "hend tone."
hoard tho wnl! of several of tho small
CronlnB. Even Polly, tho red Durham
cow, which furnishes milk for the
group, socnied affected and mooed In
unison with tho crying children.
The police sergeant hesitated nt the
threshold then doffed his holmot and
entered. Ho Bought first tho phyal
clans, two of them, who talkod disln
teroRtodly with some of tho children
One of thorn said:
"Sergeant, this enso is ono most uu
usual. It should bo brought to tin
attention of dnlrymon throughout tlu
country. A full-sized malo and fo
mnle. Mother and offspring doing!
nlcoly. You might drop a word to
tho farm Journals."
Then a veterinary Burgeon np
peared and Joined in tho congratula
tions. Polly, the red Durhnm cow, had
given birth to twla calves.
WOMAN ELECTED JUSTICE
iMrs. Mary Phares of Clinton, Second
of Her Sex to Hold Illinois
Office.
Hloomlngtou, 111. Illinois' second
woman Justice of the peace, Mrs
Mary Phares of Clinton, whose cam
paign was started as a Joke, nnd who
did not know she was a eandldato un
til notified of her election, hua qual
ified for the position and hung out
her Bhlngle. She Is now ready to deal
with any malefactor who tuny he
hnled before her, or will serve papers,
etc., for whomsoever may apply. Sho
is diligently reading up in law and In
ihe statutes which relate to the duties
of Justice of the peace and now that
she has the Job, proposes to go tho
limit and learn everything about the
posit ion that can be unearthed.
"11 was started In fun," naid Jus
tice PharcH, when linked about her
now post. "Last winter, Attorney L.
(). Williams casually remarked, lu my
hearing, thnt he was going to Bee
that I was elected Justice of tho peace,
when the first vacancy on tho hoard
appeared. He said he thought I
kuuw ns niurli about weighing evi
dence and deciding controversion as
the average masculluu Justice. 1 sup
posed he was Joking and laughingly
told him to go ahead and that It was
all right with mo.
"The subject never entered my
mind n Kill a until the night ot tho
Jf$
&tAnr
y-waxjw
election, when I wns astounded by
the Information that 1 had beon elect
ed. I received 52 votes. You must
consider this a good showing, as I
did absolutely no electioneering. Mr.
Williams quietly spread tho word
around among his acquaintances and
admonished them to say nothing
nhout It. My namo wns written on
the ballot and even tho election
Judgos did not know what was up, un
til they commenced to count after
the polls had closed.
"I was at home all day, whllo tho
election wns In progress, littlo dream
ing that I was being elected Justice of
tho pence. If over an ofllco camo un
sought, this one did. I hnve slnco
been busy thanking my frlunds for
their remembrance. Perhaps If I had
conducted a campaign, I would hnve
polled more votes, but I nm satisfied
aud will try to be a Just Judge for
all tho people.
"It will appear a little odd, at flrst,
to glvo up household duties aud offi
ciate nt trials. I may oven ho called
upon to marry people. I will havo to
brush up on the marrying code. I
ought to do a rushing business, ns
brides will not object to mo kissing
them, as In tho cnae of some of the
masculine- Justices that I know of."
Justice Phares Is a widow, hor hus
band, tho late Frank Phnrcs, having
been a well-known nnd prominent cit
izen of Clinton. Mrs. Phares is un
usually well educated, Is highly in
tellectual and well read and her
friends believe that sho will bo a
fearless Justice
HEADS AMERICAN PRINTERS
James M. Lynch, Re-elected President
of International) Typographical
Union, Remarkable Organizer.
Indianapolis. James M. Lynch, who
has been re-elected president of tho
International Typographical union, lion
jiecn nt tho head of that organization
slnco 1900. Ho Is a leader of con-
James M. Lynch.
scrvntlvo tendencies nnd" has shown
romnrkablo power of organization
Mnco ho began, at the completion of
his apprenticeship as a printer, to tnko
part In labor union affairs. Rom ut
Mnnllus, N. Y., In 18C7, ho lived many
years In Syracuso, N. Y., whoro ho
was for sovon terms president of the
Syrncuso Trudo assombly nnd a mom
.her of tho city board of Aro commis
sioners. In 1890-1900 Mr. Lynch was
the first vlce-presldont of the Interna
tional Typographical union.
WES
Wm!Wr
CORN PUNTING IS
OVER
THAT CANADIAN TRIP SHOULD
NOW OE TAKEN.
If you had intended going to Can
adn for the purpose of purchasing
laud on which to ostnblish a homo and
accompanying nemo laud company,
whoso holdings you proposed to look
ovor or to go up on your own account
to select ono hundred nnd sixty ncw.t
of laud free, you should delay no
longer. Corn-pluuting Is over, your
wheat crop Is well ahead, aud you
havo n fow weeks' tlmo beloro you urn
required lu tho Holds again. Now
mnko your intended trip Roport.i
at hand show that the crop prospeotu
In Canada wero never better tli.iu
thoy are today. Tho cool weather ban
not affected tho crop, hut If anything,
it has been a benefit. There has lieen
plenty of moisture and those who
havo had their laud properly prepared
look upon this year aa likely to ho otvij
of tho best they havo had. A great
many aro going up this season who
expect to pay two or throe dollars ait
aero moro than they wero asked to
pay last year. Others who wish to
homestead aro prepared to go larthur
from tbo lino of railway than would
havo been noeossary last your. Still
it is worth It. So' it will bo with you.
Next year lands will bo higher-priced
and homestonds less nceesslblo. Thoro
la a wonderful tldo of Immigration to
Central Canada now. It Is expected
that ono hundred and llfty thousand
now BCttters from tho United State
will bo numbered by the end of tho
present year, an Increase of fifty per
cent over last year. In addition to
this thero will bo upwards of ono
hundred thousand from tho old coun
try, which doea not include thoso
who may como from tho northern
countries of tho Continent. Thuso all
Intend to settle upon tho land. Tho
reader does not require an answer to
tho questions, "Why do they do It?"
"Why are they going thoro in such
largo numbers?" Western Canada In
no longer an experiment. The fact
thnt ono hundred and Afty million
bushels of wheat wero raised thero
last year aa against ninety-five mtl
lions tho year previous, shows that
tho tiller of the soil in Central Canada
is making money and it is safe to Hay
that ho Is making moro money than
can bo made anywhere else on tho
Continent In tho growing of grains.
Ho gets good prices, he has a sure aud
a heavy crop, ho enjoys splendid rail
way privileges, and ho has also th
advantages of schools and churches
and such other social life as may ho
found anywhere. It is difilcult to say
what district Is tho host. Some aro
preferred to others becauso thero aro
friends already established. Tho
Grand Trunk Paclllc, on Ha war
across tho Continent, is opening up a
splendid tract of land, which Is being
takon up rapidly. Tho othor rullwayn
tho Canadian Pacific nnd Canadian
Northern aro extending branch line;
into parts InaccesBlblo u couple of
ycarB ago. With n perfect network
of railways covering n large area of
tho agricultural lands It Is not dlllU
cult to securo a location. Any agent
of tho Canadian Government will lux
plcnsed to render you assistance by
advlco and suggestion, nnd a good
plan Is to write or call upon him.
Tho Government hna located theso
ngonta nt convenient points through
out tho States, -and their ofllcos are
well equipped with a full Bupply or
maps and literature.
Gasoline Engines.
Gusolino engines, are only used to n
limited extent as yet. Thoy uro Just
coming Into uso. One dealer estimates
about flvo per cent: replacing wind
mills. People are very conaurvativo
about Improvements.
A TRAIN LOAD OF TOBACCO.
Twenty-four Carloads Purchased for
Lewis' Single Binder Cigar
Factory.
What la probably tho biggest lot of
all fancy grado tobacco hold by any
factory In the United Statca has Juat
been purchaaed by Frank P, Lowls, of
Peoria, for tho manufacture of Lewis'
Slnglo Hinder Cigars. Tho lot will
raako twenty-four carloads, and Is so
loctod from what Is considered by ex
ports to bo tho Aneat !rop raised in
mauy years. Tho purchaso of tobacco
Is Bufllclont to last tho fuctory moro
than two years. An oxtra prlco was
paid for tho selection. Smokors of
LowIb' Slnglo Hinder Cigars will uppro
clato this tobacco.
Peoria Star. January IG, 1009.
Men who remain neutral in times
of public danger aro enemies to their
country. Addison. .
Jltil, Wenfe, Wory, Wntery Eye.
Relieved By Murine Eye Uninedy Try
Murlno For Your Kyo Troubles. Vim Wilt
I.lko Murine. It Soothes. C0o at Your
DrtiKRUta. Write For Eyo Hooks, Fruo,
Murlno Kyo Remedy Co.. Chicago.
To love and to servo is the motto
which every true knight should byar
on IiIb shield Downs,
"1
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n
ri
m
4
4
if-
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HMMMMHi
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3jgaWA3SgS
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