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TIBAFFAIHSOTATB!
President McKinley Discusses Thorn in a
Lengthy Message
IMPORTANT MATTERS MLNTIONED
The Situation, Present nml future, of
Chinese AITalis (liven Atut.lt Spate
Drorman of War Tin Advocated A to
rciittona, C'ult.in Mutters, Utc. . lite.
To Hie Semite nml House of Itcpresen
tallvis; At the outgoing of the uhl and
tin- lncoitiliiK of the new century von be
Kln the Indt Hussion of the l-'lfty-slxth
congress with evidences on every luiml
of Itnliv tilual and tintloii.il prosperity nml
with proof of the glowing stlellgth and
increasing power for the guoel or lepub
Itcuti Institutions Vour countr.v men will
Join with ou in fellcltailon tint Ami r
lean liberty Is mole llrtnl) established
III. in evot before, uiul th.it love for It
mid thr elctei mlmillon (u prcerve It are
inure universal than at any loiinui per-
J lod uf our hlstor).
i The republic wan never so strong, be-
ctuso never ho strongl) entrenched In
the hearts of the people us now The
constitution, with few umci.ilincnts, ex
ists as It left the hands of Its authors.
Tne additions which have bi.en iniule to
It proehilm Inrger fietthim and more ex
tended citizenship Popular government
lias ilimoustrattil In Its 1241 h year of tilal
htte Its Htablllty dud sei'liilty. and Us
ellloleney as the best Instrument of na
tional development mid the bust safeguard
to human rights.
When the Sixth concress imsetnlilt.il In
November, ISOO, the population of the I
I'ntteii states was 6,0ts3. it is now
T(i.Wl,799 Then we hud sixteen stutes
Now wo huvo forty-five Then tfur t"r
rltory consisted of lW.QaO squiite miles It
Is now 3.S-J0.&95 square miles l'llticutton,
religion and morullt) have kept pace
with our advaiicetueut In othtf direc
tions, and while extending Its power the
Koverumunt has adhered to Its founda
tion prluelples and nbnteil none of them
In duality with out new peoples and pus.
seislons A nation so preserved and
blessed gives reverent thnnks to (toil
and Invokes Ills guidance and the con
tinuance of Ills cum ,md favor
In our foreign tnteicnuine the domi
nant question has been the treatment
of Iho Chinese pioblem Apart from this
our relations with the powers have been
happy.
ki;vii:v or akiwiks in china
Tho recent troubles In China spring
from Iho nntl-fomign agitation which
for the last three yens bus been Kilning
In Hlieuctli In the northern provinces.
.Their oilgln lies deep In tins character
Tof tho Chinese races and In the tradi
tions of their government. The Tnlplng
rebellion uiul the opening of tho Chinese
ports to foreign trade and settlement
disturbed alike the huinngenlty and the
seclusion of China.
Meanwhile fotelK" activity made Itself
felt In all quartets. t ulone on the
coast, but along the groat river arteries
and In tho remoter districts, carrying new
Ideas and Introducing nw asoselatlons
among u iirlmltlvu people which hail
pursued for centuries a national policy
of Isolation Tho telegraph and the
railway nperadlng over their land, the
steamers pi) lug on their waterways the
inerchmnls nml the nilsloniitles pine
t ratine cnr 1 enr tt the Interior be
came, to the Chinese mind tyjies of an
nllen Invasion, chnnglng the course of
their national llfo and fraught with
vague forrbodltiKH of dlauter to their
beliefs and their self-control.
Tor several yeals before the present
troubles nil the resources of foreign di
plomacy, backed by moral demonstra
tions of tho physical forco of lleets and
arms have been needed to .secure due
respect for the treaty rights of for
elKiiers and to obtain satisfaction from
tho responsible authoiltles for the spo
rndle outrages upon the persons and
property of unoffending sojourners whleh
from time to time occurred at widely
separated points In the northern prov-
lncts. as In the case of the outbreak In
Szu Chutiu unit Shun Tung
1'ostlng of anti-foreign placards became
n ilnllv neniirreiiei-. width the relienied
reprobitlon of the Imperial power f'lllnl
to check or punish. These Inllammutory
appualR to tho Ignorunee and supersti
tion of the, mnsius, mundarlous nnd nb
mtrd In thtlr accusations and tleeply hos
tllo In their spirit, could not but work
cumulative harm. They aimed at no
particular class of foreigner, they were
Impartial in attacking everything for
eign. An outbreak In Shan Tung. In
which German mlslonurles were s I iln,
was tho too natural result of these
malevolent teachings. Tho posting or se
ditious placards exhorting to the utter
ilesit notion of foreigners and of every
foreign thlnu continued unrebuknl Hos
tile demonstrations townid the strnngcr
gained strength by organization
Tho sect, commonly ,stled the Uoxers,
developed gicatly In the porvluces north
of tho Yang Tse and with the collusion
of many notable officials. Including some
In tho Immediate councils of the throne
Itself, became alarmingly aggressive.
No foreigner's life outside of tho pro
tected treaty ports was safe No for
t eign Interest wuh secure from spoliation
The diplomatic lepresentutlves of the
powets in l'ekln strove In vain to check
this movement. Protest was followed by
demand nml demand by ri.nevved protest,
to be met with perfunctory edicts from
the palace and evasive and futile assur
piich from tho tHting-ll-amen. The clr-
cle of the Iioxcr Influence narrowed
", about Pekln, and while nominally stig
matized as sudltlotis, it was foil tint
tliu spirit pervaded tliu cupltal itself, that
tho Imperial forces were imbuid with
ItH doctrines and thut Immediate coun
selors of the mpiess dowager were In
full sjmputhy with the anti-foreign move
ment. ' ...
Tho Increasing gravity of the condi
tions In China and tho imminence of
peril to our own diversified Interests In
tho empire, ns well as to those of nil
tho other treaty governments, were soon
appreciated by this government, caus
ing It profound solicitude. Tho United
Htntes, from the earliest days of for
eign Intercourse with China, had followed
a policy of pcuco, omitting no occnslon
to testify good will, to further the ex
tension of lawful trade to respect the
sovereignty of its government nnd to in
sure by all legitimate and kindly, hut
nurnnal nionnu. the flllest measure Of
protection for tho lives and property of
our law-abiding citizens and for the ex
crcUe of tholr beneficent callings sniong
the Chinese people.
Mindful of this, It was felt to be ap
pioprlate that our purpose should be pro
nounced In favor of such n course as
would hasten united action of the pow
ers nt Pekln to promoto the administra
tive reforms so greatly neded for
strengthening tho Imperial government
and maintaining tho Integrity of Chlnn,
" in which wo billeved the whole western
world to he alike concerned. To these
ends 1 caused to bo nddressed to the
several powers occupying territory and
maintaining spheres of Intluenco In China
tho circular prnposuls of ist) Inviting
fiom them declarations of their Inten
tions nnd views ns to the desirability
of tho adoption of measures Insuring the
benefits or equality of treatment of all
fornlgu trado throughout China.
With grutlfilng unanimity tho re
sponses coincided with this common pol
Icy, t iiubllng mo to see In the .successful
termination of these negotiations proof
of the friendly spirit which animates tho
various powers Interested In the untrnm
meled development of commerce nnd In
dustry of the Chinese empire as u source
of viist boneflt to the whole commercial
world.
In this conclusion, which I hnd the
Knttlltcutlon to unounco as n completed
engagement to the Interested powers, on
March So, 1900, I hopefully discerned a
potential factor for tho abatement of
the distrust of foreign purpoies, which
for a year past hud apioured to Insplro
the policy of tho Imperial government
nnd for the effective exertion by It of
power mid authority to quell tho crltlcnl
nntl-forelgn movement In the northern
a provinces most immediately Inllueuced
" ihy tho Hunchu sontlment.
Beeklng to testify conlldenee In the
neeklng to testiry commence in mo
wllllni;niiu nml fibilltv of the linnerhil
admlnUtrutlou to redrca tho wrongs und
prevent the evils we suffered nml ffnred On August M tho cnpltul wad reached,
uio murine wiurd which had been x ttt After u lincf conllii't boni'uth tliu nulls
to fk 11 In the uutimn of lvi for Hie the nllef culumii entered nml ihe legu
protection of the Ugutlen win with lions wore saved. The I lilted States ml
S..i ii '.i1'1" 'rtr,l,l''!'' ,,rn ctl('al moment dters, sailors und murines, ulllcers nnd
..!!.. . ' tn,i l"-'"'1"'! questions won- re- men ullko, In those distant clliiifx ami
i,o ;'ii..V. . . ru ,,,,u''ril''' ,0
course'. t0" f diplomatic Inter-1
The Chinese government nrnvnl. Iintv
ever, unable to died: the tlslug strength
or the Uoxers and appeared to be n
pre to Internal dissensions tn the
unequal contest the nntl-forelgn Infill
ences soon gnuied the astt d,ine under
the leadership of Prince Tilan Organ
zed armies of lloxers, with which tho
Imperial nrmles afllltalod, held the conn
tr between Pukln and the coast, pone
ttuttil Into Maiuluirl.i up to the Husstatt
border, and through their emlsssrles
threatened a like rising throughout
northtru China
Altai ks upon foreigners, destruction of
pioperty and slnughtur of native con
verts were reported from nil sides The
tsung-ll-juineii, ullead.v peimeated with
hostile sjmpathles, could make no ef
fective ruqiunre to the appeals of tho le
gations, At this critical Juncture. In the
lurly spring of this ear, a proposal was
made bj tiie utlu r powers that v com
bined fleet should be nsetnblcd In Chi
nese wateis as a moral demonstration,
under cover of which to exact of the
Chlntso government respect for foreign
treat) rights and the suppression of the
Uoxets.
The I'nltPd States, while not partici
pating In the Joint demons) ration,
promptly sent fiom the Philippines all
ships that could be spared for service on
the Chinese coast A small force of ma
ilnes was lauded at Tnltti and sent to
Pi kin for tho protection of the Anierlcna
legal Ion Othtr povvcis look similar ac
tion until some I'M) men were assembled
In the capital u legation guards.
Still the pel II Increased. Ihc legntlous
reported the development of the seditious
movement In Pekln nnd the need of In
creased provision for defense against it
Wh.lo preparations v. f re In progress for u
larger expedition to strengthen the lega
tion guards and ke p the rnllv.uys open
an attempt of the foreign ships to mako
a landing at Taku was met by a lire fiom
tne Chinese forts The forts wer.e tin re
Ulion shelleii be thn rnrelcn vessels, the'
. .- .. . ..-... ...
American admiral taking no p in In the
attack on the ground thut wu wire not at
war with China nnd that u hostile dem
oiistrutlon might consolidate trte nntl
forelgn elements and strengthen the Hov
ers to oppose the relieving column. Two
days later the Taku forts were captured
after a siingulnuiy conlllct. Severance of
communication with Pekln followed at'd
a combined force of additional guards,
which were advancing to Pekln by the
Pel Ho, was checked ut hung Knng. Tho
Isolation of the legut ons was complete.
On Juno 19 the legations were cut off.
An Identical note from the yameii or
dered eieh minister to leave Pekln. un
der a promised escort, within twenty
four hours To guilt time, they leplled,
asking proloug.it on of the" time, which
was afterward granted, and requesting
an Interview with the tmingll-yumen on
the following dny No reply being re
ceived, on the morning of the LOth the
Cermnn minister, Huron von Ketteler set
out for the yamen to obtain n response
and on the way wns murdered.
An attempt by the legation guard to
recover h's body was foiled by the Chi
nese. Armed forces turned out ngulnst
the ligations. Their quarters were sur
loillidesl and attacked. The mission
compounds were nbnndoned. their Inmntes
taking refuge hi the UrIMsh legation,
where nil the other legations und gunrds
gathered for more effective defense Kour
hundred persons were crowded In its
narrow compass. Two thousand nntlvo
converts were assembled In a nearby
pelace under protection of the foreign
ers. Mnes of defense were strengthened,
trenches dug, barricades raised nnd prop
urhtions made to stnnd u siege, which
nt once begun "From June 20 until July
17." writes Minister Concer. "there ns
scarcely nn hour during which there was
not llrlng upon some pnrt of our mios
and Into some of the legations, niylng
from ii ulnele shot to a geneial and con
tinuous attack along the whole line." Ar
tillery wns placed around the legations
and on the overlooking pulace wnlls, nnd
thousands of 3-Inch shot and shell were
llred, destroying some buildings and ilum
galng nil. So thickly did the bulls rain
that, when tho ammunition of tho be
sieged ran low, live quarts of Chtneso
bullets were pothered In an hour In ono
compound and recast.
Attempts were made to bum the lega
tions by setting neighboring houses on
lire, but the flames were successfully
fought off. although the Austrian, Hei
glun, Italian nnd Dutch legations woio
tin n and subsequently burned.
To save life nnd ammunition tho be
sieged sparingly returned tho Incessant
Urn of the Chinese soldiery, fighting onlv
to repel uttnek or muko tin occnslonnl
successful sortie fur strategic advantage,
such ns that or lltty-nve Americans, uru
ish and Russian marines, led by Captain
M)ers of the t'nlted States Marino eorps,
which resulted In the capture of n for
mlil iblo barricade on tho wall thnt grave
lv menaced the American nosttlon. It
was held to the last nnd proved an In
valuable acquisition, hecuusc commanding
the wuter gate through which tho relief
column entered.
During the siege tho defenders lost
sixty-llvn killed, Lift wounded and seven
b) disease the Inst all children.
On Julv H the besieged hud their flist
communication with tho tsunglt-yamrn.
from whom n message cumo Inviting to
a conference, which was declined. Cor
respondence, however, ensued nnd a sort
of armistice was agreed upon, which
stopped the bombardment nnd lessened
the rllln lire for a time Uven then no
protect. on whutever was afforded, nor nn)
ulil given, save to send to the legations
a small supply of fruit and three .acks
of flour. , , ,
Indeed, the only commiinlcntlon hud
with the Chinese government relnted to
the occnslonul dellvety or dispatch of a
telgerum or to the demnnds of tho ttningll
yiuncn for tho withdrawal of the legation
to tho const under osoort. Not only nre
the protestations of tho Chinese govern
ment thut it protected and succored the
legations positively contradicted, but Ir
resistible proof accumuluti-s that tho at
tacks upon them were mndo by Imperial
troops, regularly uniformed, armed and
ofllccred, belonging to the command of
Jung hu, the Imperial communder-ln-chlef.
Decrees encouraging tho Uoxers,
organizing thim under prominent im
perial nfllcers provisioning them and even
granting them lurgo sums In tho name
of the emp ess iiowuger are. kiiuwii iu
exist, Members of tho tsungll-ynmen who
counseled protection of the foreigners
,..n imiin.iilrd liven In tho distant prov
inces men suspected of foreign sympathy
were put to deuth. prominent among
thesn being Chung Yen Hooh, formerly
Chinese mlnlsti r In Washington.
With the negotiation of the partial nr
mlstlco of July U, a proceeding which was
doubtless promoted by the representations
of tho Chinese envoy In Washington, the
way was opened for the conveyance to
lr Conge.! of a test message sent by
the secretary of stnte through the kind
offices of Minister Wu Ting Tang. Mr.
Conger's reply, dlspitehcd from Pekln on
July IS through the same channel, afford
ed to the outside world tho first tidings
thut tho Inmntes of the legations were
still nllvo'nnd hoping for succor.
This news stimulated the powers for n
Joint relief expedition ill numbers suffi
cient to nveicomn tho resistance whleh
for n month had been organizing between
Taku nnd the capital. Helnforcemonts
sent by all the co-operating governments
wero constnntly nrrlvlng. Tho I'nlted
Stntes contingent hnstllv assembled from
the Philippines or dispatched from this
country, amounted to koiiio fi.OOO men, un
der tho nblc command first of the la
mented Colonel htscum and afterward of
Genernl Chaffee.
Toward the end of July the movement
began A severe conlllct followed at Tien
Tsln, In which Colonel I.lscum wns killed.
The city wns stoimed and partly de
stroyed. Its capture afforded tho base of
operations from which to muko tho final
advance, which began In tho first days
of August, the expedition being mndn of
jupinese, Ilusslan, Urltlsh nnd American
troops nt the outset.
Another hnttlo wns fought Hnd won at
Ynng Tsun. Thereafter the dlshenrtened
Chinese troops offeied little show of te
slstnnce. A few dnys Inter tho Import
ant position of Ho SI Woo wns t.ken,
A rapid mnnh brought tho united forces
o tho poplll )US eiiy oi cuiik .iiijw, nincii
capitulated without o contest,
uiiusuu sntrrntnKlltmu, showed thu sum
valor, discipline uiul good comlucl um
e
nd
give proof of the same high degree of
intull'geucu and elllcleucy which have dls-
iiugiiisueii mem in every emergency
1 lie imperial family and the govern
ment hud lied u few days before 'I lie
clt was without visible control. Tho
remaining Imperial soldiery had made on
the night of the 13th a. Inst attempt to
evterm.niite the besieged, whleh wus gal
lantly repelled, It fell to the occupying
f oiees to testorn order and uiguiuze a
ptov Islonul jdmliiliirutlon,
Happily, the uctile disturbances were
confined to die northern provinces, It Is
a lellef to tncull and u pleasure to record
the hi) al conduct of the vlcorojs nnd
local nuthoritlis of the southern and east
ern pi ov luces Their tffoits wcru con
tinuous!) directed to tho pacillc control
of tho vast populations under their rule
and to the rli uptiloiiH observance, of for
eign treaty rthts At critical moments
they did not htsltatu to memottullze the
throne, uiglng the protection uf the lega
tions, tho restuiatlou of cominuiilcitiou
and the assertion of the Impel lal author
ity against the subverMvo olumeilts. They
malutaliitd et client relations with the
olllclal tepresentutlves of foielgn powers.
To tin I r klnill) disposition Is largely duo
the suci ess of the eonsuls 111 leniovlug
muny of the mlxslouurlu fiom thn In
terior to places of sifety In this rel i
tion the nation of the consuls should be
highly commended. In Shun Tung and
eistern I hi I.I the task was dltllcult, but,
thanks to their energy nnd the co-operation
of American and foreign naval com
mindeis, hundreds of foreigners, Includ
ing those of other nationalities than ours,
were rescued from Imminent peril.
The pollc of tho United 8tutes through
all this tt)lng period was clearly an
nounced and scrupulously carrlid out.
A circular note to the powers dated
July J. ptoclnlmcd our attitude Treat
ing the condition In the north as one
of vlttual aniiich), In which the great'
provinces of the south had no share wu
m,-,...i...i ,i... i i...-.ii... t.. ,i... i..t
iiH,,iivi Kill IIIUII II IIIIIUI lilt 3 III Lite mi
ter quarters as tcpioseiitliiK the Chimin
people with whom we sought to remain
n Pencil and frleiidsbln. Our declare d
alms involved no war against the Chi
nese tuition We adhered to the legitl
mute olllee of rescuing the Imperiled le
gntion, obtulnltig ledress for wrongs nl
lendy suffired, securing wherever pos
sible the safety of Ameilcaii life and
property In China and piuveullng a
spread of the dlsordeis or their recur
rence As wns then said, "the policy of the
government of the I'nlted States Is to
seek a solution which mil) bring about
peimniicnt safety and pi ace to China.
pieserve Chinese territory and iidmlnls
tt.itlve entity, protect all rights gu irnn
teed to friendly powers by treaty and In
ternational law and safeguard fur tho
world the principle of eqiul and Impar
tial trade with ull parts of the Chinese
einpliu."
Knlthful to those professions which, us
It proved, rt llected the views and pur
posis of the other co-operutlng govern
ments, all our eilorts huvo been directed
toward ending tliu anomalous situation
in China by negotiations for u settlement
ut the dullest possible mommit As soon
as the fueled duty of relieving our le
gation und its dependents wax accom
plished we withdrew from active hos
tilities, leaving our legation under nn
adequate gu ml at Pektu as a channel
of negotiations und settlement a course
adopted by others of the Interested pow
ers Overtures of the empowered lepre
sintntlves of tho Chinese emperor have
not been considerably entertained. The
Kusslun propositions looking to the res
toration of the Imperial power In Pekln
has been uccepted us In full consonunce
with our own desires, for we huo held
und hold thut effective reparation for
wrongs suffered nnd an enduring settle
ment that will make their lecurrence Im
possible, can best be brought about
under an authority which the Chlnesu
nation reverences und obeys. While so
doing, we forego no Jot of our undoubted
iignt to exact exemplary ana ucterrent
punishment of the responsible authors
and abettors of the criminal acts where
by we nnd other nations huvo suffered
grievous Injuries
Taking as a point of departure the Im
perial edict appointing hi Hung Cluing
and Prince Chin plenipotentiaries to ar
range; a settlement, and the edict of Btp
tember 5. whereby certain high nfllcluls
were deslgunt.'d for punishment, this
government hns moved In concert with
the other powers, toward the opening
ot negotiations, which Mr Conger, as
sisted b Mr, Kockhlll, baa been author
ized to conduct on behalf of the I lilted
Stntes.
Uenerul base's of negotiation formulated
by the government of the French lepub
lie. have been adopted with rertnln res
ervations us to details, inntln necessary
bj our own circumstances, but like sim
ilar reservations by other peiwers, open
to discussion In the progress of the ne
gotiations, ihc disposition of the em
pnoi'b government to admit liability for
wrong. done to foreign governments and
their natlounl representatives und to act
upon such additional designation of the
guilt) persons us the foreign ministers ut
Pukln may be In u position to make,
gives hope of a complete settlement of
all questions Involved, assuring foreign
lights of residence und intereoursu on
terms of equality for all the world.
The matter of indemnity for our
wronged citizens Is u question of grave
concern, Measured in money alone, u
sutllclcnt reparation tnuy prove to be be
yond the ability of China to moot. All
the powcis concur In emphatic dlrclnlm
ers of any purpose of uggrudlzement
through the dlsmembormcmt of the em
pire, I am disposed to think that duo
compensation may be made In part by
liicTeMscd guaranties of security for for
eign rights und Immunities, and, most
Important of all, by the opening of China
to the equal commerce ot ull tho world.
These views huvo been and will he ear
nestly advocated by our representatives.
THliASUHY OPhHATlO.NS KAVOU
AllhE. It is gratifying to be able to state that
the surplus revenues for the fiscal ear
ended June 30.1WU, were $7,K.'7,WV).ll. For
thn six preceding years we hud only de
ficits, the aggrcgato of which, from 1S94
to 1S31. Inclusive, umounted to JJS3,(Ui,
991.14. The receipts for tho yeur from all
sources, exclusive of postal revenue, ag
gregated JW7,ilO,SJl., and expeiidltuies
for all purposes, except for the adminis
tration of the postnl department, aggre
gated JtS7.713.7Vl.71. Ihe receipts from
customs were )233,1C4,871.16, an Increase
over the preceding year of Ji7,OJij,3fc9.41.
llecelnts from Internul revunue were
fX&.WWiii. un Increase of 121,U0.7W,,M
over 1VJ9. Tho receipts from miscellane
ous sources were 1X7(8.003.97, ns ngulnst
M,i3I.Wa.W for the previous year.
It Is gratifying also to note that during
the year a conslderablu reduction Is
shown In the expenditures uf the gov
ernment. Tho war depurtmc-nt expendi
tures for the lineal yeur 1 O were $131,
774,7117.78, n reduction of JW,U66,eJ 6U over
thosti of lf99. hi the nuvy depaitmeut
the oxpcndlturrs were 55.!i53,77. far the
yeur VJ)0, ns against 63,042,101 2.1 for the
preceding year, a decrease of jT.'J.vl.C'JO r3.
In the expenditures on account of In
dians there was n decrease In 1900 over
1SU9 of R030.Cul.3-S; and In the civil nnd
miscellaneous expenses for 1900 there was
a reduction of tl3,41l,V7l.
Ilecaitse of the excess of revenues over
expenditures, the secretary of the treas
ury was enabled to apply bonds and
other securities to the sinking fund to
the amount of 6,U4,U6 uti. Tho details
of tho sinking fund uro set forth In the
lepoit of thn secretary of the treasury,
to which I Invite attention. The secre
tary of tho treasury estlmatod thut the
receipts for tin current llscul ear will
uggiegute IJSO.OOO.OJO, and the expendi
tures :M,0X,000, leaving an excess of
revenues over expenditures of tW.WW.Oe".
Tho present condition of the treasury is
one of undoubted strength. Tho available
cash buhiiicu In November wus (139,303,
791 50. Under fho form of statement prior
to the financial Inw of March 14 lust,
them would have been Included In the
stntiment of available cash gold coin nnd
bullion held for tho redemption of United
Htntes notes.
if this form wero pursued tho cb1i bal
ance, including the present gold reserve
of H&O.Ojo.OOQ would hu JJV),S0l,79l W Hueh
halnnce. November 30, 1KI9. was JM4,495.
301. (5. Ill the general fund, which Is
wholly sppaiuto from the reserve and
trust funds, there was. on November :,
$70jj't0.t73 15 In gold coin and bullion to
which should be .tdded Ji!,M7,3W in gold
certificate, subject to Issue against which
there Is held In thn division of reelemp-
Hon gold coin anil bulplloii, making a
total holding of flee gold iiiiiiiuiiilng lei
'.'l,lU,,.i;i Id.
It will be the duty, as 1 inn sure It will
be the disposition uf the congress to pro
vide whatever further legislation Is
11, ,lni1 In Itiatif lli.i i.fit.l I, iilu, I titirlt.
under all enutlltlons between our two I
forms of metallic money, silver and gold.
Our surplus n venues have pctnuttcd
the secrelaiy of the treasury, since tho
close of the llscul )eur, to call In the '
funded loan of 11-91. continued ut '.' per
cent In the sum of fJ6 3ol,WJ. To and
Including November 31. Jll.4fs,lU') of those
bunds bus been paid litis sum, to
gether with the amount which may
iiccruo fiom further rulpinptlolis undi r
the uall, will be upplled to tho sinking '
i unci.
The benellelal effect of the tlnnnctnl net
of I'M) so far us It i elates to the modlllca
Hon of the national bunking act Is al
tcadv aiiiiareiit. The tiroc Iston fur the
lucorpoiiitiou of iihHoiiuI bniikp with a
capital of not Hess than K.VOOU in places '
nut exifcdlug .l.OiO Inhabitants bus ie-'
suited lii the extension of binding fa
cilities to mini) small communities hith
erto unable to piovide themselves with .
banking Institutions under the national !
system There vveie organized from the I
euai'ttiieiit of thn law up to and Including
Noveinbtr 3y, ,ti.'i national banks, nf whleh
Sill! weie with capital Itss than f'lO.OOU and I
10.1 with capital of S'liutx) m more.
Our foicihp t utile shows a lemaikiihle I
ricoril of ciiuimerciul and ludiistiliil prog
less. The total of Imports uiul ixpoits
for the Hi nt tlmu In tlin history of Ihe
counlrj I'Nci-eeleel J.' mi w iwi The ex
ports me fur gi enter than the) have
ever hi en befme. the total for the fiscal
)ear l'.j being )l .I'iUSUM, an lncieiitu ,
over jry.i in ti'ii.-iu'siv, an incienn over
1S9S of 1C'1,001'.072. over IvyT of II3 ll.5Sil,
und greater than IMG by l.'.U..s.i.,itl
The growth of maiiufacluies In Iho
United Slates Is evidenced b) thn fact
that the exports uf iniiiiufiictureil pin
ducts lust yeur exceed lhoe of an) pre
vious )ear, thulr Milne being s. $"1 7.",C
ugalnrt ntii,5;c,Uii in 1M9, un Inciease of
S.1 pe r cent.
Agilctiltural products went also ex
poriul during ti) In gi eater volume than
111 1V.9. the total ufr tho oir being JW3,
M8.1.,3, uciillist 7M,77l.,14J In 1V.-3
i:xti:nsion ok amhuican tiiadu.
Tho fultllle of action by the senate al
Its! Inst sesiiiiti upon the commercial con
ventions then submitted for Us consleleia
tlun and approval, although caused lev
the grout piessure of other legislative
business, has caiiHivl much disappoint
ment to the agricultural ami liidustilal
interests of the count! y, whleh hopisl to
prollt by their provls ons. The conven
tional periods for their intlllcation huv
Ing expired, It became necessiii) to sign
article's extending the time for that pui
poso. This was lequested on our part
anil the other governments Interested
have concurred, with the eci ptlou of one
convention, in respect to whleh no formal
reply has bien recelveel In my Inst com
munication to congress on tills subject
special commercial agreements under the
third section of the tariff act have been
piocmlmcd with Portugal, with Itnly nnd
with Oermilny Commercial conventions
under the general limitations of the
fourth section nf the simo huvo been con
tiudcil with Nicaragua, with Dciiudor.
with the Dominican republic, with flreut
llrltulu mi behalf of the Island of i rlnl
dud and with Denmnrk on behalf of the
Island of St Croix. This will be early
communicated to the senate Negotiations
with other governments nre In progress
for the Improvement und security of our
commercial relations
The policy of recipioclty so muiilfently
restH upon the pilnciple of international
equallt) und hhu been so readily approved
ny the people or the United Stuies thut
there ought to be no hesitation In either
branch of congress In Riving to It full
effept.
This government desires to preserve the
most Just nml nmlcable commercial relu
tlons with ull foreign countries, unmoved
by the Industrial rivalries necessarily de
veloped In the expansion of International
trade. It Is believed that the foreign gov
ernments generally entertain thn same
purpose, although In some Instances there
urn clamorous demands upon them for
legislation speclllcall) hostile to American
interests. Should these demands prevail
i snail cummiinlcalu Willi congress with
n vlovv of advising such legislation ns
miiv be necossnry to tneot tho emergency.
Tho exposition of the resources und
products of the western hemisphere to be
In: id ut Huffalo next yeur promises Im
portant results, not only for the United
BtJtus, but for the other participating
countries, It Is grat f)lng thut the hatin
Ameilcun states huvo evinced t,lio liveliest
Interest, und the fact thut tin Interna
tional American eongicss will be held 111
tho City of Mexico while the exposition
Is In pi ogress encourages the hope of a
larger display ut lluffulo than might
otherwise he practicable. The work of
preparing un exhibit of our national te
sources Is milking satlsfjctor) progii-ss
under tho direction of tho dlftereut nfll
cluls of the federal government nnd the
various stutes ot the union have shown
a disposition tovvaid tho most liberal par
ticipation in the enterpnso.
Tho Hureaii of Amuiican Republics con
tinues to discharge with tliu happiest re
sults the Important work of promoting
cordial lelallons between the United
Stntes und the Li tin-American countries,
ull of which nre now active members of
the International union. The bureau has
been Instrumental In In Inning about the
agreement for another International
American congress, vvhlth Is to u.eel In
the City of Mexico In October, 1901. The
bureau's future for another term of ten
years is nvsuretl by the Intel national com
pact, but the congress will doubtless have
much to do with shuplng new lines of
work und u general policy. Its usefulness
to thn interests of I.atln-Anicrlcan trado
Is widely appreciated und shows u grat
ifying development.
I17.it! practical utility of tho consular
servire In obtaining a wide range of In
formation n to tho Industries and com
merce of other countries, for Introducing
the Mile of our goods, has kept steadily In
Hdvunin of the notable! oxprinslon of our
foregln trade and uhundnnl evidence has
been furnished, both ut home and abroad,
of the fuct thnt the consular reports, in
cluding muii) from our diplomatic repre
sentatives, have to a conMdcrablu extent
pointed out ways and means of disposing
of a grout vuilety of mniuifattutfel goods
which otherwise might not have found
sale ubroad.
revision op nnvDNun laws.
1 recommend thut tho congress nt Its
present sosslon reduce the Internnl reve
nue tuxes Imposed to meet the expenses
of the war with Spain In tho sum of ,
000,000. This reduction should be secured
by tho remission of those taxes which
vsprileiirc has shown to be the most
burdensome to the Industries of the peo
ple. I specially urge that there be Included
In whatever reduction Is mndn the legicy
tux, bequests for public uses of a literary,
educational or charitable character.
American vessels during the last threw
years have carried ubout 9 per cent of our
exports and Imports. Foreign ships shoulil
carry the least, not the greatest, part of
American trado. The remarknble growth
of our steel Industries, the progress of
ship butltTiitg for the domestic trade mil
our steadily maintained expenditures for
tho navy hnvo created an opportunity to
pluce tho United States In the first rank
of fommerclul maritime powers.
Mesldes realizing a proper national as
piration this will menu tho establishment
and henlthy growth along all our coasts
of a distinctive national Industry, ex
panding the field for protltnble employ
ment of labor and cupltal It will Inciease
the transportation facilities and reduce
freight charges on the vast volume of
proelucts brought from the Interior to the
senbowrd for export, and will strengthen
an arm of the nntlouul defense upon
which the founders of the government nnd
their successors have rolled. In ngaln
urging Immediate action by tho congress
on measures to promote Amerleun ship
building and foreign trade, I direct at
tention to tho recommend itlons on the
subject In previous messnges, und par
ticularly to thn opinion expressed in the
message of 1H9:
"I um satisfied tho jiidgmont of tho
country favors tho policy of aid to our
merchant mmlnc, which will broaden our
rommerce nnd mnrkets und upbuild our
sou-cnrrylng capacity for tho jioO'j'ta of
ngilculturo und manufacture, whloh, with
the Inoionse of our nnvy, menu moro
work and wnges to our count! ymen, us
rU,as a safeguard to American Interests
In every pnrt of the world,"
iitu attention of congress Is Invited to
the ifc'iimmrudutlnn ut thn sccMtiuy nf
the treasury lu his annual icport for leg
islation In beliuir of the revniiiu cutter
set vice, and favorable action Is urged. I
In mv lust iiuiiiinl message to the con
gress I culled intention lu the necessity '
for enrlv action to remedv such evils us
might be found lo exist In connection
with combinations of i.ipnnl organized
Into ti lists, and again Invite intention
to my illsciiHslon of the subject nt that
time, which conclude el with these vvonls
"It Is nppiireut thut utilformtiv of leg
islation upon this subject lu tho several
st'ites Is much to be deslied. It Is lo be
hoped thut such uniformity, founded In
a Wise and lusl discrimination lictwocn
what is InlurloiiH nml what Is useful audi
ncccsharj in business opeiatlous, may be
obtained, and that menus ma) lie foiinil
for thn eongriss, within thn limitations uf
Its rouslltutloiial pnvvet, so lo supple
ment an t'lTictlVi' endt of slato legislation
us to muko a feiiupletc s)stem of liws
throughout Iho United Stntes ndequiite to
compel u gent nil ubsiirvnute of the snlu
tiny inles to whleh I have teferred."
The whole question Is so Important nid
fa r-i caching that I am mini no part of It
will ho lightly considered, but every
phase of It will have the studied delib
eration of thn congri s, resulting In wise
and Judicious ictlon,
Itestrafnt upon such combinations as
am lujuiious, mid which are within fed
oral Jiiililleiliiu should ho promptly up
piled by thn ituigress,
(lOVUItNMDNT OK I'OtlTO HICO.
The civil guv eminent of Porto Itleo pro
vided for bv the act nf congress appiovnl
April 12, 1C. Is In Mierossful op ration
The- cotnts have been established, The
geivcttmr and his misotlate.i wiuklug In
telligently mid hiiriiioulousl). urn meet
ing with coiniucinlilhli! success.
On Nov'einbii 0 u giliclal election was
held 111 the Island for members of I hi
legislature unit thn body eleeleel has been
en I Icil to convene un the llrsl Monday lu
December.
I n rominenil Hint legislation be ntneted
h tliu congress ounfeirlng upon the sec
retin) of tho Intel lor supervision of the
public hinds tn Porto HIco, Hint he be
directed to ascertain the location uiul
ilirilillt) of hinds the title to which ie
malneil In the crown of Spain ut the lute
uf cession of Porto ltlco to Ihe United
Stutes unci that apnropilatlous noevs ar
foi surveys be miuU mid thut the meth
ods of the disposition of such lands be
piescrlbeil by Inw,
I'HAMINfl CONSTITUTION P'Oll CUI1A
On July 8'i, IfiOO, I din tied thnt a call
be Issued for nn election In Culm for
members of u constitutional convention
to fiume ii constitution on u basis for a
stable uiul Imlcpcnelent government In lliu
Island In purounice thcimif thn mllltar)
gov ei nor Issued the following Instruc
tions, "Whereas, The congress of the United
Stales b Its Joint lesolullnu or April :,
lM, declared'
" 'Thnt tho people of Hit) Islnnd of Culn
urn and of right ought to ho flee mid In
dependent, " 'That the United Stutes hereby dls
clulins nny disposition or Intention tn ex
ercise sovereignt). Jurisdiction or ciintiol
over snlit Island except for the p icltlcu
Hon thereof, and usseits Its delermlnu
tlon, when thnt Is iiccoinpllshed tn leave
the government mid loiitml of the Islnnd
to Its people '
"Anel whereas the people of Cuba hnvc
cHtuhllsheil iiuinlclii.il governments, de
riving their uiithorlt) from the suffrage
of tho people glvwi under Just anil equal
laws, and are now rrudy, In like manner,
to proceed with the establishment of a
general government which shall nsumo
nml exercise sovereignty. Jurisdiction nnd
control over tun lsllinu;
"Then furii It Is onleied thut a general
election be held In the Island nf Culm on
thn third Sattirdny of September. In Hie
year 1900, to elect delegates to the con
vention to meet In the cltv of Havana at
II o'clock noon, on thn llrst Monday of
November, lu the yt nr l&o), tn frame nnd
adopt a constitution for the people of
Cuba nml, as a part thereof, lo provide
for and agree with the government of the
United Stales upon the rt lotions to exist
between that government and the gov
ernment of Culm, nnd to ptovldn for the
election by the cople or olllcers uiuicr
finch constitution and the transfer of gov
ernment to the officers so elect"!.
"The ob'cilon will be held lu tho several
voting precincts of the Island under nnd
pursuant to the piovlslons of tho elec
toral law of April IS, 1S00, und tho amend
ments thereof."
The election wns held on September 15
und the convention assembled on Novem
ber 5, 1900. mid Is now in session, In culling-
the convention to order the military
governor of Cuba made the following
statement .
"As military governor of the Island,
representing tho president of the United
States, I call this convention to order.
"It will be your duty, llrst, tn frame
and iiclnpt a constitution for Cuba and
when that has been done to formulnte
what lu your opinion ought to be the re
latlous between Cuba mid tho United
States.
"The constitution must be ndisiunte to
secure a stable, onli rly und free govern
ment. "When )ou have formulated the reln
tions whloh In )nur opinion ought to ex
ist between Cuba und the United Stutes,
the emolument of lliu United States will
doubtless takn such action on Its part ns
shall lend to u llunl ami authnrltntlve
I agreement between the people of tho two
countries to tnti promotion ot tneir com
mon Interests
"All ft lends of Cuba will follow jour
deliberations with the deepest Interest,
earnestly desiring that ou shall reach
Just conclusions and that bv thn dignity,
Individual self-restraint mid wise con
servatism which shull chnrncterlze your
proceedings the capacity of the Cubnn
people for represi ntatlve government
nmy bo signally Illustrated."
HXPLAINB NHKDS OK TIIK NAVY.
The personal strength nf the army Is
100,000 meii-fS.OiO regulars and 35,000 vol
unteers. Under the act of March 2, H99.
on Juno 30 next the present volunteer
force will bo discharged und tho rpgular
army will bo reduced to 2,447 officers and
2i,o enlisted men.
In 1SS u board of officers convened by
President Clevelnnd adopted a compre
hensive scheme for coast defense fortlll
cations, which Involved the outlay of
Hiitnethhu: over IIOO.OOO.MO. This Plan re
ceived the approval of congiess nml since
then regular appropriations have been
' innde nnd the work nf fortification has
j steadily progressed. Morn than tco.00nj0
lias been Invested In n great number of
i forts uiul guns, with nil the complicated
i und selentllle machinery mid electrical
; appliances necessary for thelc use The
pioper cam of this defensive rmehlnery
nqiilifi men trained to Its use. ihe num
ber of men necessary to perform this
duty alone Is ascot tallied by the war de
imitmcnt, nt a minimum allowance, to
bu 19.420.
Them are fifty-eight or more military
posts In the United Stutes other than tho
const defense fortifications The number
of these posts Is being constantly In
creased bv congress. Morn than 122.000.-
! (M) has been expended In building nnd
I equipment anu iney can uiuy no enren
' for by the regular army. The posts now
i In existence nnd others to be built pro
vide for nrcnmmbilntlnns for, nnd. If
' fully garrisoned, require- 2(1.000 troops,
Many of thesn posts are along our fronr
tier or nt important strategic points, mo
occupation of which Is necessnry.
We have In Cuba between &.000 anil 0,000
troops, Krir thn present our Hoops In
that Islnnd cannot be withdrawn or ma
terlnlly diminished, and certainly not
.....II .t. '.n.Al.uln ,. ,1... 1.. !.,.,. nf !,.
Illlllll Villi I.I,IUIIIPUI it ill" imri'tn 1,1 iiiit
constitutional convention now In session
i and n government provided bv the new
constitution shall have been established
und Its stability assured.
In Porto ltlco we hnvo reduced the gar
risons to 1,030, which Includes k'ji native
troons There Is no room for further re
duction here. We will he required to keep
u Loiuldeinblo, forco in the Philippine
Isluiidn for noma tlmo to come. Prom tho
best Infoi mntton obtainable wo shull need
there for tliu Immediate future from &0 000
to fifl.OW men. I nm sum Hie number inny
be reducid as tho Insurgents shull come
to acknowledge the authority of the
United Stntes, of which there nre assur
ing lndlcstinns.
It must be apparent thnt we will re
quire nn in my of nbout rAOCj und that
during thn pieseut conditions In Culm,
and the Philippine tho picsMcut should
have authority to Incnnso tho forco to
tho present number of lUO.OoO Included
In this number authority should bo given
to raise native troops In the Philippines
up to 15,000, which the Tuft commission
believes will be moro effective In dotect-
Inr; .nifi i ippresstiiK gtierlllui, n-nasslim
nnd Imlroni'S thin our own soldiers.
The full dlsoiisnn of this subjeat by
Ihe steretury of wnr lu his annual rcrlort
Is culled lo )Our earnest attention.
I renew the recoiuineudntlon nuiile In
til) list annual missagt) Hint the con
gress provide a special medal of honor
for thn volunteers, tegulnrs, sailors nnd
murines on duty In the Philippines who
voluntarily remained In the service after
their terms of enlistment hud expired.
I favor tho recoiiiiiiendstlun of the see
rut ui v uf war for a tlutull of officers of
the Hue of the arm) when Micnnclrs oc
cur lu thn udjututit general's depart
ment, Inspector general's deputtment,
quiit termiistei gent nil's department, sub
sistence ilepariuieiit, pay depirtment,
ctilnance department mid signal corps,
'Um mniy cannot be too highly coin
meiiiled for Its faithful and elfecllve serv
ice lu ucllve mll't.iiy operations In tlm
Held nnd the tlllllciilt vvtirk or civil ad
ministration. Ill ItAh KKi:i3 DHI.IVintY A ki:a-
Tiiii:
Thn continued mul rapid growth of the
postal seivlee Is a sine Index of the great
mul Inert iiKlng hiisiiuss activity ot tho
niuntry Its most striking new de-velnp-tnenl
Is tho extension of rural free de
livery. This Ins come almost wholly
within the lust )em At the la ginning
or the llscul )iar Ifciy-lUJO the number of
unites in epilation was only ,91 and most
of these hud In en running less than
twelve mouths On thn l.'.th of November,
1900, the number hud Increased to 2,011,
leaching Into foitj-rour states ami ter
rltoiles. and saving a population of
l.v-ol,;,iq The numbi r of applications now
pcnillnjf mid aw nltlng action nearly
eqitaln all those granted up to thn present
time, mid by the- close of the current
tliicti! juir ubout 4, un.) iiiiilos will huvo
been estiibllsheel. providing for the dally
delivery of mulls at tho scattered homes
or ubout J.rsUii teiXi i unit population.
This service ameliorates the Isolation of
fat m life, conduces to goml roads, and
quickens nnd extends tine ills emluntlon
of general information. Kxpcilcucu thus
far has luuiletl to ulliiy thn uppieheiislon
that It would he ho expensive us to for
bid Its general adoptti u or to maku It u
ueilous burden, lis net mil application bun
shown that It Increases postal lecelpts,
mid can be uccompaiilid b) reductions in
other branched of tho neivice, so Hint
the augmented revenues and the accom
plished savings together materially lei
dueo the net cost. The evld nces which
point to thesn conclusions ale presented
in detail In the annual icport of thn post
innster general, which, with Its lecom
nienilntlons, Is recommended to the con
slderullun of the congress The full de
velopment of this special service how
ever, tequlris such a lingo outlay ot
money that It should be undertuken caily
niter a caieful study uiul thorough tin
di riitniullng of ull thnt It Involves,
INTHUIOH DKPAUTMKNT AI'PAIltS.
The total urea of public lunds us given
by the seeretury of tho Interior Is ap
proximately 1,Ui1AS1,Mh! acins, of which
.'17,911. NSe) ucies nin undisposed of ami
I.i4,1I.1,iM2 acres huvo hern leserved fur
various purposes, Th public lunds dis
posed of during the year amount to 13,
iM .S7.!ifl acres, Including bJ 123.09 ncies of
Indian lunil, nn Increase) of 4,271,174 bO
ovtr thu preceding yeur The tutiil re
ceipts from the s lie of publlo lauds dur
ing thn llscul ear were St.3iit.7SH 10. nn
Increase uf (l,Jei9,620.7il over the piecedlng
ear.
Tho results obtnliird from our forest
policy have demonstrated Us wisdom mul
the necessity In the llitnictd of the publlo
for Its continuance mid Inci eased appro
prlnlluus by the congress tor the carrying
on of the work. On June SO, 190a. them
worn thirty-seven forest reserves, created
by presidential proclamation under sec
tion 24 or tho net of Mutch 3. 1VJ1, em
bracing un area of 4i:,4uti,4MI acres.
some uKNuitAh iu:co.mmi:nda-
TIONB.
In my aniiunl message of December S,
IViK, I culled attention to the necessity
for some amendment of the alien con
tract law. There still remain Important
features of tho rightful application of the
eight-hour law for the bonellt ot Inbor
mid of the principle of arbitration, und
I iignlll commend tin so subjects to tho
careful attention ot tho congress.
Thnt there niuy be secured tlm best
service possible! In thn Philippine IslniuU
I have Issued, under (Into of November
10, 1900, thn following orde-r:
"Thu United Stutes civil service com
mission Is directed to render such as
sistance us may be practicable to the
civil service board, created under tho act
of the United Stntes Philippine commis
sion, for the establishment and mainte
nance of tin honest und efficient olvil
service in tho Philippine Islands, mid for
that purpose to conduct examinations for
tho civil service of tho Philippine Islands.
upon tho request of tho civil sorvlco
boa rel of suld Islands, under such regu
lation us may be ugrocd upon by thu
said board und thu said United Htntes
civil service, commhiiilnn."
Tho civil service commission Is greatly
embarrassed In Its woik for want of an
adequate! iicrmnucitl forco for clerical
und other assistance, ltu needs lire fully
set forth lu Its report. I Invite atten
tion to the report, und especially urge
upon tho congress that this Important
bureau of the public service which pusses
upon 11:3 qualifications und churuUer ot
so lurge n number of the officers nnd cm
plocs of lliu government should be sup
ported by all bccsled appropriations to
secure promptness and efficiency.
I nm very much Impressed with (ho
ntutement mude by the heuds of ull thu
ilepnrtmeiits of the urgent necessity of u,
hull of public records. In every depart
mental building In Washington, so fur
as 1 um informed, the space for offirlnl
records Is not only exhausted, but tho
walls of rooms are Hind with shelves,
the mleldli! Hoor space of many, rooms Is
tilled with file eases, und garrets nnd
basements, which wero never intended,
mid are unfitted for their accommodation,
are crowded with them. Asldn from the
Inconvenience there Is great dnnger, not
only from lire, but from the weight of
these records upon llmburs not Intended
for their support. Them should be a
separate building especially designed for
the purpose of receiving nnd preserving;
the annually accumulating archives of
the Fovoral executive departments. Buch
a hull nted not be u costly structure, but
should be so urrmiged ns to permit of
enlargement from tlmo to tlmu. I ur
gently recommend thut the congress take,
early action In this matter.
The transfer of thn government to tills
city Is a fact of great historical interest.
Among the people there Is a fooling- ot
genuine pride In the cupltal of tho repub
lic. It is u matter of Interest In this;
connection thnt In 1800 the population of
the District of Columbia wus 14.093; toduy
It Is 27S.718. The population of thn city
of Washington wus then 3,210; today ft
Is 218,190.
Tho congress buying provided for "an
appropriate nutlonal celebration ot the,
centennial nnnlversury of the establish
ment of tho scat of government in tho
! District of Columbia, the committees
authorized uy it have prepnred a pro
gram for the 12th of December. 1900,
which dnte hns been selected as tho an
niversary day. Deep Interest hns been
shown In the arrangements for the cele
bration by tho members of the commit
tees of tho senate und house of repre
sentatives, tho committee of governors
appointed by the president, nnd the com
mittees appointee! by the citizens nnd In
habitants of the District ot Columbia
generally. Tho program, In addition to
a reception und other exercises nt the ex
ecutive mansion, provides commemora
tive exorcises to tie held Jointly by th
senate and houso ot representative In
the hull of tho houso of representatives,
and a leceptlon In the evening ut thn
Corcoran gullery ot art In honor of tho
governor ot tho states and territories.
in our great prosperity we must guard
against the dunger It invites of extrava
gance In government expenditures and
appropriations, and tho chosen repre
sentatives of the people will, I doubt not.
furnish un exumple In their legislation
of that wise economy whlcn In a season
of plenty husbands for tho future. In
this or u ot great business activity and
opportunity cuutlon is not untimely, it
will not abate, but strengthen conndonca.
It will not retard, but promote legitimate
IndiiHtiliil and commercial expansion.
Our growing power brings with tt the
complications nnd porlls requiring con
stant vigilance to avoid. It must not bo
iibiel to invite conflict, nor for oppression,
hilt for tho most effective mnlntonnnca
of thoso principles ot equality nnd Justice,
upon which our Institutions und Imppi
"'?:!!, to-V :.. A?!,?? ?P "'ways Vn
' .';.. '- vwtiuuuuii oi our Kovsm-
m.eil lu lllmplu. Iiu .,....-....."' Sill-
ment Is llborty; its superstructure peace.
., .. WIIiMAM McKINiJey.
Kxccutlvo Mansion, Deo. 3, loot), '
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