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IN THE OCEAN'S DEPTHS:'
How a Submarine Telegraph Line is Laid Ingenious Methods
of Determining the Route of a Cable,
I 4
Ab thcro Ifl no rule without nn ex
ception, the hatred with which the
Chlncso regard the foreign people mid
nit their workH In withheld from horso
racing. The Chlncso would hnvc hcen
1ob8 than human had they not recog
nized the attraction) or a sport, the
popularity of which has made It the
inoflt cosmopolitan of all the world'B
tecreatlons.
Horso racing; In China Is, of course,
very limited, that held at Hongkong
being the bent, writes n correspondent
from Hongkong.
The price for tickets to the Hong
kong raco course, which also' Includes
admission to tho lawn, Is G. In place
of stands for the spectators tho au
thorities provide large mat houses,
light buildings supported on bamboo
poles. There arc eight of these build
ings, and as the sides and roof nre all
made of rushes and decorated with
evergreens and bright-colored fabrlc3
the effect Is very striking.
Tho mat houses urn run by syndi
cates, and as racing In China Is always
associated with much feaBtlng, tho re
BIRD STRATEGY.
Niniif Iiiitnnrat of n Uellbrmln
I'Uh to
llei'i'lvr.
Tho conduct of various birds, during
the breeding season, Is so different
from what It is nt other times, thnt to
my mind It Is often very hard to say
for certain whore distress ends and
htrategy begins, or to which of the two
tho behavior of the bird should bo at
tributed. Birds disturbed off their eggs
or their nowly hatched young often
lluttei ubout as though they were half
paralyzed. I cannot believe that this Is
always for tho purposo of drawing the
unwelcome Intruder away from the
precious nest. Hlrds that have been
sitting for a long time are Invariably
inuctlve when disturbed, and this
should bo taken Into account In con
sidering the question of whether there
Is atrjregy or not. On tho other hand,
ono flndB nt times both male and fe
malo behaving In a way thai suggests
something like a regular Bcheme on
tho part of the parent birds for res
cuing their young from real or Imag
inary danger. 1 came upon a covey of
very young partridges accompanied by
their parents on the dusty highroad,
ono July evening, when going with
my rod to the river Hide. The cock
bird, I had Just tlmu to observe, hur
ried tho young through a gatuwny Into
a Held, while the hen Instantly started
running nlnng tho road n dozen yards
or so ahead of me. Once or twice she
stopped, apparently to nllow mo to
come up fairly close to her, and then
ran on again. This continued till we
were about a hundred yards from the
spot where tho covey ran Into tho
field, when tho hen bird also ran
through a gap In tho hedge. 1 got up
Just In time to spo her rlso from tho
ground and tly strnlght back to the
spot where her family wero no doubt
lurking. If that was not strategy, It
was curiously like It. On the test one
day I disturbed a family party of wild
ducks In a little reed-sheltered creek.
Tho femulo bird, within reach of my
ton-foot lly-rod, flapped helplessly
about tho water as though grievously
wounded. The male flew ncross the
stream, where ho was Joined by the
young; and not until nil the latter wero
safe across the water ' the mothor
rise on strong wing to ow the rest
of the family. In both these cases tho
conduct of tho parent birds surely Im
plied strategy of a high order. Ucorge
A. II. Dewar.
Effect of Clvllltfttlnn.
The Portland Orcgonlnn tells of a
Chinaman, Uitn Chung, who was em
ployed In a Portland canning factory.
Ho provided himself with a Winches
ter rifle, and during his leisure hours
learned to shoot well. Ho has only
ono eye, md so was not bothered
about shutting the other when ho
took aim, a thing which often trou
bles novices In marksmanship. A few
years ago Luni Chung wont homo to
China and staid thero some time.
Whllo there ho wont ono day with two
friends to Bell a lot of hogs, for which
tUoy received n considerable sum of
monoy. Eight robbeis, who had se
cured Information of what business
they were In, followed them In a bou
to rob them. Lum Chang pumped lead
Into tho gang with his Winchester tilt
ho killed seven of them, nnd allowed
the other to escape, that he might car
ry the news to the remainder of the
gang, and strike terror to the souls
of tho heathen. Napoleon said thut.
If ever the Chinese learned the art
of war, other nations would do woll
to stand from under, and If many of
them aro like I.um Chung Napoleon
was right. Chicago Tribune.
F.Ik Truth.
Four hundred elk teeth wore sold
In Spokane, Wash., the other day for
$1,000. Tho demnndB of tho members
of the order of Elks and tho growing
cnrclty have Increased tho value of
the teeth. Fourteen years ago a Mon
tana man paid only $80 for an Indhm
headdress that coutnlned 800 elk teeth.
Last year a similar huaddress con
taining only 2S0 teeth sold for $200.
pasts provided arc as good as they
nre dear. Hut this matters little, as
the finances of nn official foreigner
who goes Into exile urn always well
looked after by a grateful country.
Ho on Derby duy champagne Is drunk
In Hongkong with a recklessness
which would bankrupt the same people
at home.
Merry as tho slghseers arc below,
Intoxication Is never seen only a
huge good-tempered crowd, composed
of nimost every Asiatic nationality,
with a good sprinkling of Europeans
nnd Americans, bent on thoroughly
enjoying themselves. One thing Is
noticeable whether It Is because tho
people of most European nations are
more or less decadent, the British and
Amcrlcnn seem to dominate tho crowd.
They quell disturbances nnd put down
all rowdyism. If German and French
sailors get to loggerheads, they ham
mer both parties unmercifully.
Presently there Is a hush, the sad
dling bell rings, and tho numbers nre
hoisted. The moment the preliminary
canter Is over tho Chinese begin to bet
CHINESE GIRLS AS HOUSE
Tul Ho, though only 18 years old, Ih
tho only ono out of nearly 200,000,000
Chlncso women who ever went Into
scrvlcu as an American housemaid and
her mistress. Dr. Sarah Wise, of San
Francisco, Is overjoyed to hnvc found
her. Llttlo Till Ho nover knew her
pnrents, nnd does not know where sho
was born. Up to the ago of 10 years
she was a little slavey maid In Can
ton, doiug the besl that a llttlo girl of
10 years could do, looking steadily for
ward to a life of hopeless slavery.
A wealthy Chlnamnn from California
went over to China nnd bought up a
cargo of pretty, Intelligent girls. Be
fore he got them across here a plan
was laid and successfully carried out
by the missionary people to rescue
them on their nrrlvnl. So Tul Ho grew
up In a mission school In Sun Fran
cisco and proved so unusually progres
sive that today alio Is thoroughly Am
ericanized and u magnificent cook.
Clilniunyi Are Vickie.
Chimneys arc very tickle. You can
build ono all right In theory, but when
It comes down to practlco that la an
other matter. Build two chimneys
sldo by sldo In pieclsely tho same
THE FRENCH SUBSIDY.
Pri-nrli I'roplo Ai-tuulljr Pay Tommc
fur ICiibIUIi Dt'itlrr.
The French bark Gen. Melllnet
sailed rrom Glasgow ror Portland to
load ror the united kingdom, making
a fleet of aix French vessels that nro
coming rrom Europe In ballast to load
wheat at this port, says the Portland
Oregonlan. Seventeen thousand miles
is a long distance ror a ship to sail
In ballast, but owing to the general
subsidy puld by the French govern
ment the vessels which have made the
trip huve paid a profit on tho outward
KHAKI
COLORED
HORSES.
A noticeable feature In the South
African war will bo the great loss of
horses and mules In tho British army.
The necessity for rapid movement,
without adequate transport, has forced
nn extravagant amount or work upon
tho horses und mules and caused many
deaths, but another cause ot death
among the animals hus been the
changing of their color. A khaki col
ored soldier on a khaki colored horso,
traveling over a khnkl colored field,
becomes Invisible ut a short distance.
To produce the khaki colored horses
tho British soldiers resorted to the
I1 xfeiDGid'rSnS?ERLOo VL Kmlii
ML Wtj Wrnm-W tfQt m
furiously among themselves. Tho
foreigners, who nre knowing, occupy
ing the mat houses, look on, smoke
thtelr cigars, quaff their wine and talk
to the ladles, but they don't bet.
Tho pontes, either from Japan, Au
stralia or home-bred, arc poor, weedy,
under-sized creatures, on whom no
self-respecting American who haH
Been a glorious Kentucky thorough
bred thunder past nt home, would
deign to waste a penny. Rut tho Chi
nese, never having seen anything bet
ter, do not notice that the European
Jockeys nre poor riders, besides being
much too big.
Hut oven If they did they would bet,
for Johnny Is a gambler to his linger
tips. Still, for all tho betting, the
plg-tallcd fraternity evince so little
excitement thut one wonders why, ns
they tnko so little interest In tho rac
ing Itself, they do not stay at home
and gamble. So they would If all tho
races were Kuropean. Hut they nre
not. For ono raco the "Chinese
Derby" Chinese horses and Jockeys
only nre allowed.
raSHHPs
trip, and with high rrelghts home
ward havo boen highly profitable to
the owners. Tho benefits derived by
France by this bounty system aro not
easily distinguished. The objects or tho
subsidy or bounty nre Bald to be tho
promotion or trndo between Franco and
the rest or the world. The slgnul fail
ure of this object Is amply Illustrated
by a review of the Melllnot's work for
the past two years. She sailed from
the Clyde in ballast for Taltal July 13,
189S. On arrival sho was ordered to
Culeta Buouu, where she loaded nitrate
for Hamburg. At tho latter port bIio
loaded general merchandise for Tchlo,
Came ot (be tireit Uss l
rlorses aid Mulct ia tat
DritUli-noer War,
simple experiment of painting the ani
mals an experiment, by the way,
which resulted seriously for horses,
as thousands grow quickly Ill
weakened under the campaign work
and died.
It is believed that the application of
paint to the horses prevented evapo
ration of tho' sweat and caused In this
way the unprecedented loss of horse
flash which has marked the British
Boer campaign. Up to the first dny of
July the British army had consumod
322,000 horses and 146,000 mules the
latter beasta surviving where horaes
psrlshod.
When tho bell nnnounces that tho
Derby Is reached the Celestials quiver
with excitement, A curious race Is
this Chinese Derby. Tho horses arc
quaint, but tho Jockeys are extraor
dinary. Hunched up on their mounts
the "mnfoo," as they nre called,
scream, gesticulate, flog their steeds
nnd throw their urms about. The way
In which the natlvo crowd babblo and
screnm till their distorted visages give
them the appearanco of frenzied de
mons, seems to so tickle tho foreign
clement that they shout with laughter.
The raco over, tho natlvo Jockeys
arc expected to walk round the courso
In order that their countrymen shall
have the delight of gazing at those
matchless horsemen. The nlrs tho
Jockeys give themselves during tho
promennde never falls to prove an
noying to Anglo-Saxon sailors, of
whom there, are always many In tho
crowd. They have been known In
their wrath to rush across the courso
nnd pummel the poor wretches right
and left.
SERVANTS
manner. Employ tho best skilled
labor, and construct them exactly on
the same principles. Ono may draw
all light, whllo tho other smokes like
a pipe.
flunks Killed n llutlito?.
Drldgcvlllo (Del.) special to Now
York Journal says: A bulldog be
longing to Ed U. Dennis, n comedian,
of near Seaford, fought a terrific bat
tle with a blue racer snake tho other
dny and was worsted. Dennis was
riding a wheel through a woods road
and the dog was running nhcad. Sud
denly It sprang into the undorbrush
nnd emerged with a serpent in Its
mouth. The dog was speedily dis
patching It when It gave 11 convulsive
twist and succeeded In colling about
the dog's body. The dog endeavored
to shake off the snake, but was un
able to do so, and Dennis, scclug that
his dog would bo killed, tried to beat
off tho reptile with a club. After n
despernto Btruggle tho dog was crushed
to death, and, uncoiling itself from
about the dead body, the reptile mado
for Dennis, who took refuge by riding
rapidly away.
; VJIO OO JfCTrt
and on discharging nt that port loaded
ore for Glasgow, where sho arrived In
June, 1900, and rrom which port she
has just sailed ror Portland. Thus, In
stead ot the French people receiving
any benefits In trade development
through subsidizing the vessel, they aro
actually paying ror tonnnge lined by
the English nltrntc dealers, tho Ger
man manuraeturprs and tho Oregon
whent growciB, the profits on the oper
ation going not to the French pcoplo
us u whole hut to a row Individual
ship owners.
I.oreil HlRli-lliirii I.ndy.
A young French naval officer fell
desperately In loe with tho Princess
Amelle, who ufterwnrd married tho
king or Portugal. Tho sailor met her
nt a bazaar held at Nice, In aid or char
ity, and was entirely unawaro of tho
Identity or the charming girl who won
his heart at first sight. Later 011,
when he discovered his mlstnke, find
ing promotion slow, he deserted rrom
his ship nnd mado bis way to the cas
tle where lived the princess, was re
fused ndmlttance, nnd while waiting
about, hoping to po the object of his
adoration, was captured and taken
back to his ship in irons a humiliat
ing spectacle.
AVwnli Appointment to Ilrclliip It,
They toll In New York of a wealthy
citizen, naino not given, who for
twelve yoars past has been Importun
ing presidents of tho United Suites to
appoint him to office. He assures ench
occupunt or tho white house that ho
will under no circumstances nccept.
All he wants Is "the prlvllego of re
fusing," ns ho wroto to Piesldeut Har
rison, but so far no chief magistrate
has cared to take him at his word,
Tho events of tho past two years
havo been given nn Increased Interest
in tho remoter parts of tho globe thnt
has nover been so widespread among
our people as now. The Philippine.),
tho Transvaal nnd China have censed
to bo more geographical facts, but
have becomo real places of which wo
know something nnd from which wo
demand news with as slight delay as
possible. Tho telegraphic cables
thereforo today hold nn important
place in minds that previously had
given them but little consideration.
It Is strange how fow people know
anything of tho oceanic telegraphic
sorvlco, sayH n writer In tho Washing
ton Stnr. A vague idea that it Is car
ried on by "cables" Is about all that
tho ordinary person possesses, but
what a cable Is, how It Is operated or
whnt difficulties Ho In tho way of Its
construction, nro all unknown to the
bulk of well-informed people. Tho ac
counts of them nre generally so Incum
bered with technlcaltles as to bo al
most unintelligible to unprofessional
renders, nnd, In consequence, they nre
wrapped In more mystery than aro
many things that enter Into everyday
life. Most people think thnt there Is
no more dlfforenco between submarine
nnd lnnd telegraphy than thero Is be
tween an overhead and an under
ground trolley line, but this Is not
true. They arc absolutely distinct,
and have llttlo more In common thnn
havo n grent railway system nnd a
horso car line, If bo much. Both tele
graphic systems use clectrle currents
to transmit algnnls over a cunductlng
wire, as both the railway und the
horso car line use vehicles thnt move
on a track, but nil elso Is different.
In order to understand why a route
for n cubic Is always sought with much
care the structure of tho cable Itself
should bo known, for on Its safety do-
ponds the success of tho enterprise. A
cable consists of a "core" of wire that
Is really the Important part of the
whole, nnd n covering of some Insulnt
Ing nnd protecting material. The core
Is made of strandB of copper woven In
to a ropo-llke cord, and weighs from
70 to 400 pounds per mile for the
shore ends that have to stand the surf
are much stronger nnd heavier than
the deep sea portions. Tho stranded
form Is much more flexible than tho
solid rod. and Is not so apt to bo bro
ken in laying. The core Is coated witli
a mixture of resin,, tar and gutta pcr
cha. known ns "Chatterlon'n com
pound," thut Is to act as a cement and
hold the Insulation firmly to the wires.
The insulating material must com
ply with many requirements. It must
not conduct electricity nnd must pre
vent "leakage" as much as possible; it
must be thoroughly waterproof, for the
sen water will soon corrode the copper
if It reaches It, and will steal tho cur
rent If there be the smallest hole
through which It may reach the wires.
It must resist the chemical action ot
tho water on Itself, nnd It must bo
flexible and touch, so thnt the cnble
Guarded by
Spooks...
'TIs not every one who travels over
the Albany road leading west from
Greenwood, Me., thnt Is aware ot the
Immense Tortuno burled near tho road
bide, about two miles from this plncc
$100,000 In gold within a stone's throw.
Here Is the story. In the enrly part
of this century thero lived a prores
slonal gambler named Patch, who, af
ter wauderlng all over the face of tho
earth, finally settled here on what 19
now known ns the Patch homestead.
With a large accumulation of ready
monoy, Patch became a money lender,
and ono could secure nny amount by
giving him good security. "Uncle"
Ben Bacon of West Paris remeiuners
him and says:
"Yes, I remember lsanc. Wanted
some money once nnd went to him to
get If. Patch put for tho woods, and
In a short time he roturned with the
money. He went through the same
operation with every one who wanted
to hire money of him."
Patch died suddenly. In his will he
left to his son George all treasures
hidden In the ground. It stated In the
will thnt should nnyono snve the legal
holrs try to get the fortune he (Patch)
would appear In tho fgyrn, of some nnl
mal and drive him nwiiy. George never
Ktilirr t'nrlw I'roml Wnltr.
China, naval budgets, empire build
ing and art do not sufllco to pen up the
wide powers of the Knlser WJIhclm. A
few weeks ago he saw a yacht capsize
on a lake noar Potsdam and nt once
he had Jumped Into a loat and saved
the inmates. More recently he tackled
the waiter with signal nnd probably
unique success. It was when ho gath
ered round him In his palace a group
or men to whom ho gave admonitions
the most fatherly, a commission tho
most Inspiring. They were going
forth, these sons of Fatherland, nnd
In their hands lay tho honor or Ger
manyIn theirs, to whom he knew
he could Intrust It. And theso nion,
who took their commission rrom their
emperor, wero tho waiters going forth
may bo colled Into a small space on
board ship nnd run over pulleys when
being laid without cracking or tear
ing. Finally, It must bo something
that does not decay readily and does
not dissolve In water. So far but onn
material has been discovered that ful
fills nil the condltlohs. That Is gutta
porchn, a gum that Is easily worked
and whose only drawback Is Its scar
city. When the pure gum Is heated to
about 1C0 degrees Fahrenheit It bocomes
vory soft nnd plastic, so that It can
bo rolled or pressed Into shapes that It
retains whon cold. Advantage Is ta
ken of this In making cables, for thn4
heated gum Is forced through a cylin
der surrounding tho core nnd as thn
core is drawn through a die-piece n,
thin layer of gutta perchu Is left on It.
This Is repeated as often ns Is required
and tho core Ih thus covered with a
BcrlcB of guttn perchu Jackets that ex
tend without break or scam from end
to end, nnd, from the electrical stand
point, tho cnble is done. In this con
dition It would be exposed to many
mishaps that might Injure tho envel
ope nnd destroy the working of the
cable, so n sheathing Is put around It
Havc-d by n l'alr of Hjrliirlrn.
A writer In n contemporary describes
the escape from Injury of a workman
engnged In a foundry In this city.
While prcpnrlng for n casting he was
shot on the leg by a splash or the
liquid metal. It went closn through
his trousers and through the wall of
tho strong lenther spectacle case,
which ho carried In his trouser pock
et. Hut tho broad nose bridge of the
rpectacle frame checked It In Us prog
ress. Tho Intruding metal, yet un
hnrdened, dnshed against this part of
tho frame, nearly enveloping It, and
attaching Itself with ns much neat
ness nnd stability ns If It wero ths
handiwork of a skilled craftsman.
Hud the spectacles not been in his
rocket the molten metal would as
suredly havo penetrated their owner'f
thigh. Westminster Budget.
Whrro I-nuil In M11H Vitluitblr.
The growth of the laud values is
one of the most wonderful phenomena
of the age. Every inch of land be
tween King William's statue and
Trinity square, London, cost .30 10s.
or nt the rate of 191,000,000 per acra
beyond nil doubt the highest price
ever paid In England for land. The
Southeastern Railway company has
asked at tho rate or $65,000,000 per
acre for a piece of ground In Ber
mondsey, which had 11 depth of six
teen feet only. The demand was so
exorbitant that even a railway com
pany had to pause, finally declining
to purchase. In the year 1880 land In
square foot, and six years Inter tho
Cannon street wnB sold for $30 a
price or land In this Identical street
went up to $75 a square root. Ths
Forum.
Gambler Patch's
Buried Treasure Pro
tected by Uncanny
Creatures.
1 round his father's money and at his
denth willed everything to his son
Frank.
Frank Patch lives on tho same old
rami that his grandfather bought, but
has never been able to find the treas
ure. Not only have the legal heirs tried
to find it, but other persons have
hunted secretly nt night for It.
Solon Ryerson, with another man.
was chased nwiiy from the place by a
strange animal only a year ago. Mr.
Byorson suys: "Yes, wo cumo near
finding It. All was well until one or
the most terrible looking animals Im
aginable appeared. We round a rock
which was cut out or Patch's ledge and
fitted In Just ns even ns a stem to a
pipe. Jt was Just large enough to let
a man's body down. When this crea
ture appeared and drove us away."
"Have you never been thsre since?"
the reporter asked.
"No, nor I never will gj there, eith
er. I got all I wanted or It that night.
1 would not go there again ror $200,
000. I have got all 1 wnnt or trying to
find his money."
Acres und acres or ground has been
dug over In search or the money.
New York Journal.
to the German section of the Paris ex
hibition. The episode Is one to pon
der over, nnd tho sequel Is, declares a
man who watched them, that the hst
behaved band of waiters at the Paris
show Is, by general consent, tho Ger
mun. Chilli' limit In N Krff,
A Brldgeton, N. J., telegram says:
The 15-moiiths-old daughter of Arfhur
P. Tatem was the victim or n peculiar
nccident. Tho child was playing near a
heavy wooden keg nnd stuck her heud
In the opening. Her head was wedgod
tight and the hoops ot tho kes had to
be cut nnd the staves taken off ono
nt a tlmo to releaco It. Tho chlldV
was badly bruised and nearly sutTo-''
catcd..
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