THE BED CLOUD CHI BR J. ETHST BLOOD OF WAIL WHERE WAS IT SPILLED REVOLUTIONARY DAYS. IN Honor Ik Cl.ilmril hy Miiti) Tin" Mutter DrpriulK Solely t'pon tin- ym-tloii im to WIipii the War Hciill C'lininii'iH'tU tor Iiicli'iiciiiloittc. Vermontors have been wont to claim lliat the first blood of the revolutionary struggle was shed at Westminster, Vt., fit the Kith tif March. 1775. when, as the Inscription on his monument lerords. William French "was shot by the hands nf Cruel Mlnlstcrenl tools ot (ieurg ye 3d." Hut there are ilval claims. Some Massachusetts people assert that tlie first blooil was shed at Salem on the 2Uth of February. 177." fifteen days be fore the Westminster massacre- when (Sen. (Sage, having learned that the pa triots were mounting some old cannon taken in the French war at Salem, sent thither n battalion of H00 men under Lieut. -Col. Leslie, who met In the town a mob so large and threatening that lie thought It the proper plan to retrace bis steps to Hoston. It Is claimed that baouets were lowered and some of the men who burred the way were pricked whh them. A much earlier collision between a squad of llrltish soldiers and a moli in New York i ity in January. 1770. has also been cited as the. first instance of the shedding of blood in the contest for Independence. This lat ter eU'tit has now come freshly into notice. Within a few weeks past a bronze tablet has been placed on the wall nf the llroadw.iy corridor of the Ntw York postolliie by the Daughters of I he Revolution of that city. Wheth er the blood spilled in this fracas (an I ptoperly be called "the llrst martyr blood of the revolution" of course de pends on the date when the American tevolution can properly be said to have begun. Historians have not commonly placid that date earlier than the year 1775. There was already serious fric tion between the colonies and the king in 1770. The presence of Hritlbh troops to uphold the oppressive measures of the llrltish government was obnoxious to the men of the colonics, but they bad not as yet dcti rmlncd to throw off the yoke. The liberty they dalmcd nucl for which the liberty pole on the Nw York common stood was liberty tinder I ho royal government, not In dependence of It. if tho collision bet wren the New York sailors and Kngllsh sailors in January, 1770. could be called parts of the tevolutlon. then the similar ocetir tence In Huston in March of that year, known us "the Hoston massacre," in which the soldiers Hied on the mob and killed tluee citlziu.s would have been plated by historians among the overt iicts of revolution. Hut that event has not been o classed. The revolution vms impending, hut had not begun. When, however, the royal posse attack nl the courthouse at Westminster. Vt.. the icvolt was in active pieparation. The llrst continental congress had as sembled, the port of Huston had been cIomiI by llritish ship.- and a Hiitlsh army assembled In Hoston. The min ute men of .Massachusetts and Conncc tiiut were casting the bullets which a few da.vs later slew hundreds of red coat at Concord bridge and Hunker bill. The Cireen mountain boys had al ready engaged to take Tlconderoga. The revolution had begun. If a Hiit lsh bajonet was stained with patriot blood at Salem. Mass., in February, 1775, that may, perhaps, faiity be called the llrst blood of the revolution, but It Is not certain that any blood was then shed. Mr. Wlnsor, the Massachusetts historian, in ills Critical History of America," calls it "a littlo alleged pricking of bayon?ts." and, according to his view, the first blood was not shed there, but at Lexington. "The fchot heard round the world" was Hied on Uio 18th of April, 1775, but William French and Daniel Houghton, slain by "King (Jeorgo's tory crew," at West minster on the 14th of March, were patriots arrayed against royal authori ty, and there Is still room for fair ar gument Hint theirs was the Hist martyr blood of tho revolution. fomloi-eil V.rn Illiimrir. "Do you know," said n successful liook-canvasser, "I used to be very in tense In the presentation of my wares to tho morc-or-less unbelieving pub lie? 1 remember one case In which I became so much wrought up that I vxclnlmed In agony of fervor: 1 my self, sir feel that 1 cannot do without this great and comprehensive work: tind shall myself subscribe, while I yet liuve an opportunity.' Seizing my pen, 1 suited tho action to tho word und placed my name on tho list. The gentleman with whom I was pleading was so much Impressed with my gen uine fervor that lie added his own au tograph without a word. When the book was delivered, though, he said he believed It was one of my tricks. Hut It wasn't, and 1 never was able to do It again." AilTrrtUlnK. Tramp"! called ter see, lady, If 1 rould do sum work for ye." Kind La Ay "What can you do?" Tramp "I'm a sort of dentist, mum. I wanf ter advertise; so I'll put a set of teoth into a good pie fer nothln'." Plck-Mc- V. The Term. If Ajnlree will promise not to lecture when ho comes out of the wilderness of tho Arctic there can be no objection In sending out an expedition to bring hint back; but he must promise.--Kansas City Star. Why Isn't the woman who attends church JuBt to tbow her new cloak Mck-religlous? THE EAST INDIAN BUNGALOW. It .liiitillini to Northern I'lltn.iti'. X (Copj right. ISPS, by "Shoppell's Mod ern Houses.") The Kast Indian bungalow lias In tho last half decade populurized itself rap Idly in a somewhat modified form In tho United States. Rudyard Kipling's books have painted such alluring word pictures of the adaptability of this style of architecture to warm cllmatC3, lending Itself picturesquely to rich or namental furnishings. The bungalow has been taken up rapidly hy even northern people for building the sea shore and mountains for summer use. The points most easily appreciated urn first, its high ceilings. Immediately suggesting a circulation of air If prop eily ventilated. Rooms practically till on one floor, and ample veranuas. The design accompanying this article pre sents perhaps a t.vpe of bungalow most popular In this country. The veranda however, In this design Is not as large and spacious as some, but may be run around cither side and in f i out ot par lor, and would even enhance the beau ty of the design. In the principal ci ties of eastern counttles. Calcutta, Homb.iy. and othns. the F.ngllsh resi dences aie often elaborate spet linens I -. jy . . l-FstgrtB .4? r ". ijaaamtr. -- ih I ..jaBgy&jgfr i ' . fill tHH !'! 47 fc-VW . &Mgte&te ... f 9 .35 ill . ... .. --- r.1.'rjV wuC of the bungalow even palatial In de sign and appointments, having exter ior otllces for tlie accommodations of large retinue of domestics, as common in Indian life. Tlie Standaid Fncyclo pedla says, "Military bungalow of enormous size; public' houses, main tained by the government for the ac (ominoilation of guests and travelers. In which are blended the characteris tics of an English madhouse inn and an eastern caravansary." are common, built ou the same style of the huuga low. Hut In this country, vvlieie the ( II mati is eoldej most of the vear. where laud Is more expensive and must be economically lued. and where the ele vator Is so popular, tlie bungalow has net obtained any great hold, except as in. say, for summer use, out of town, tluiugh country life would he much tnoie pastoral, if It were not for stairs and much more comfortable wiiu one floor properly heated than cold tilth bedrooms, and much more romautb with veranda views. (irncrnl dimension: I'xtreine width 3 1 feet il Indies: depth, including v rauda, 4 It fort. Height of story: 10 feet. Kxterlor materials: Foundation, posts, vrranda columns ami enclosures, stone; side walls and roof, shingles' Intel lor finish: Side walls, icll'd with yellow pine; celling Joists exposed: yellow pine floor and trim; all w-ooil- work grain Hlled and finished natural. Colors; Shingles on side walls, treated with preservation; shingles on roofs, stained moss green; trim, sashes, etc., w.Mte. Accommodations: All the rooms, their sizes, cloFots, etc., are shown hy the Hour plans; no cellar; attic floored over and accessible through a scuttle; open fireplace in parlor, hall and dining-room; orna mentul arch at rear of hall; buuer's pantry connects dining room and kitch en, and contains sink and shelving; sink and portable range in kitchen; bathroom contains full plumbing. Cost: $1,750, complete. The estimate is based on New York prices for material and labor. In many nectlons of the couutry the cost should he less. An Ideal Village. "There Is a village in my state," said Mr. K. W. Capers, at the Raleigh, "that has no semblance of government, though It has a population of L',500 souls. "It Is Oreentown, quite a man ufacturing center, and withal one of the most lawahldlug and moral com munltles In the state. The town mar shal resigned some mouths ago on ac count of having nothing to do, since which time the people have got along without a peace officer. The place was never Incorporated as a city, and has no mayor or council. Since Its earliest day It has been governed hy five trustees, a ulerk, treasurer and marshal completing the official roster. Not long since three of the trustees moved out of that Jurisdiction, and tho remaining members .have been unablo ... . outwit fitiv Imaltinau ulnun fnn wnnl of a quorum, so that nothing can he done until new trustees can ho elected In April, The citizens are not worry ing over the situation, and a majority are Inclined to think they could get along Indefinitely without any form of government." Why does a man always loso litter est In a subject as 'soon as his argu- 1 meat is exhaustf"'" "! ' 3 Kitcmcn l 'Bcd Room ! , loo'n.110- J j uoxoo j I 1 i ratcitJ, yLy;.-.-;. BED ROOM J B IZOXIDO- J 1 ""' u f) Qiii;;ni;?r ai I 4'k 8bdPoom s U IZOXUO Parlor. . ! LIZOKKO- 1" rrin.iu.i.t.iniui.fi I Veranda. irifhW.tffVrpik IOO-VA10B- ;$) NIOPnitV tW A! 1 V I I V ' MEN WHO AIDED DEWEY THE PIGHT. IN I lie (IrnitrM Kli;lil)-r of Thriii Ml N'r a lli Iimlil.. of it Nimil Ai'iiili'io.v IIjit of I lie ll.iltltiiore Seconil to lll'UCJ. The magnificent vleior.v won by Commodore Dewey over the Spanish licet at Manila will go down as one of the quickest and most daring achievements in the naval history, not only of the Pnltoil States, but or the entire world. That lie dined navigate tlie harbor In the dead of night, know ing it was mined, so as to be in a poult Ion as soon as day bioke to at tack the eneni), was an exhibition of pluck that has amazed the world. His success in annihilating the Spanish Meet has been tceognlzed by the Cniteil States government hy a i ('solution of congratulation, and lie will also be promoted to tear admiral. From navy officers in all parts of the world his achievement has called forth words of admiration. While much has ali'ead.v been wilttcn about Commodote Dewey we must not overlook the gallant com manders who so nobly stood by their ships in the battle of Manila, and upon cauh of whom a shine of (lie honor of tlie gleat victory must be given. Of C.itnmodore Dewey much can be wilttcn. Ills christening of lire was s , .Jj', ,X-K I "hoard the old steam sloop Mississippi. r?ife''"'iil't' Fariagut. in the earlv days ot r- .. ." j tin. civil wai. Commodore Devvev Is .""W' , ., .... now about ill years old. He belongs in Veimout. and lie was appointed to the Naval Academy from that state In September. 1S.14 Four vears later, when he was graduated, lie was sent aboard the steam frigate Wabash, for a cruise in the Mediterranean. Dewey got his commission as lieutenant on April 19, 18C1. eight days after Fort Sumter was fired upon, and he was Immediately assigned to join the Mis sissippi and do duty with the West Gulf squadron. He was ou the Mis sissippi when she took part with Far ragut's other vessels In forcing un en trance to the Mississippi river, and again when the fleet rnn the gauntlet of fire from the forts below New Or leans, in April, 18G2, and forced the surrender of that city. The ship he was In belonged to Captain Hailey's division of the fleet which attacked Fort Ht. Philip. The hottest fight that the Mississippi ever engaged In was her last one, and this was perhaps as hot as any of the war. In March. 18GJJ, the licet tried to run by the Confederate batteries at Port Hudson. Some of the ships got as far as a narrow part of the chan nel, where they met land batteries al most muzzle to muzzle, and then they were forced to retreat. Tho Missis sippi did not get as far as this, A foggy day had been chosen for the at tempt, and this was soon made more obscure by the smoke of buttle, und nmld this the Mississippi lost her hear ings and ran ashore. Her officers found she had struck Just under the guns of a battery In the middle of the line of fortifications, and one of the strongest of the lot. In half an hour 250 shots struck the vessel nnd she was riddled from end to end. There was no chance to hold her, and her crew took to their boats and landed on the opposite side of the river, after getting her on lire. Soon, lightened hy me loss oi uie crew auu ny tne nre, fl'! ,J!!fr"!:,!!!!'e,S."",, lug with bursting shells, sho drifted down the river, until finally the fire reached her magazine, and her cireer was ended In one great expluslon. Dewey was next attached to lac steam gunboat Agavvan, of th" North Atlantic blockading squadron and he took part in the two attacks made on Fort Fisher In December, 18G4, and January. 1SC5. In March. 18C5. he got l'1" 'innus'-iiui as tleuionnnt-cnin- fanio'iH obi Kearsarge ami on tile Col orado, the flagship of the Ihiropcati sqiuidion. until iMl.s, when he was sent for service to the Naval academy. He was lommlssloiied comiiioiloie on Fob ruar.v Ls, iv.ui. Of the c.iptaius serving under Cout tnodoie Dewe.v, Charles V (iiidley, of the flagship Ol.vmpla, was bom in In diana. Inn was appointed a cadet from Michigan ou September IS, I Mill. He remained In the Naval ueademv until I Mil!, when lie was made an ensign and .ittaihed to the steamship Oneida of the West (Julf squudion, fioui IMill I to lMir.. He was ou bo.nd his ship In the battle of Mobile ha. ou August f, IMil. At the (lose of the war, hav ing served In a number of engage ments, he was attached to the steam sloop Hiooklvu of the Itiazlllaii squad ron, ami Intel was on ho, ml the Rear sar;.c. He was piomotcd to lieutenant on February ill. IM!7. and to lleuten-uiit-Miuimnudcr one year later, and as signed to the Michigan and afterward to the Monnngnhela. lie was executive olllcer of the flagship Ticnton of the Ruropcnii squadron, ami was made commander on Maich 10. issi!. lb1 was for a I line assign d to the torpedo station ami also to tlie HcMtnii navy ynril. He was made commander of the Jamestown In l.ssi.aud was inspector of lighthouses at Ituffalo. N. V.. when as signed to (lie slatic squadron. Captain N. Mayo D.ver. of the cruis er Kattiiuoiv, has had a diversified (a reer. and has fought his way up to a captaiucv , without ever having attend ed a naval academy. No man In tile navy has a liettei icmrd for bravery ami dating than the gallant captain of t'to Haltimote. He enteied llie vol tinici r navy at the oatlucak of the THE VICTOKIOl S civil war as a master's mate, and serv ed In the engagements of the West Culf squadron. For gallant and meritorious conduct he was promoted to acting ensign on May 1H. lHGII, and later to ensign and assigned to the Glasgow. Afterward lie was made master und placed In command of the Randolph, In 1H04, which operated In Mobile hay. His vessel was sunk by u torpedo ou April 1, 18(15, After the surrender he was promoted to acting volunteer lieu tenant and put In cjmmund of two of tin; surrendeied ships, the Hluck Dia mond and the Morgan, He then serv ed on the Klk. and later on the Stock dale, und subsequently did shore duty at the bureau of navigation. He was made commander In the regular navy on Murch 12, 18ti8. While command ing tho Osslppee, going from the Mexi can coast to the north, an Incident hap pened which showed his bravery and the regard he had for his men. A sailor, In adjusting u sail, accidentally slipped and fell overboard. Captain Dyer, who was ou deck ami suvv the sailor fall, Immediately Jumped in and saved tho man from drowning and from the sharks, He has done duty ut the Hoston nuvy-yard, and has been asslgued respectively to the Pointer, the New Hampshire, the Wabash and the Tennessee. He has been light hoi'ce Inspector, and was In cimmund of the Marlon, of the Asiatic squad ron, in ISO" and again in lS'JO. Captain Joseph H. Coghlau, of the cruiser Rulolgh, was born In Kentucky, but was appointed to the Naval acad emy from Illinois ou September 2, lStill. His first sea duty was ou tin: Sacra mento In special service, lie was made master, nnd afterward, ou May 10, 18C(i, was promoted to lieutenant, and was executive officer of th Pawuee. (y -MJBMIm-wi ii I 'T-lttii' k? He was then transferred to the tluer rlere and made lleuteuatit-cotunuiuder on March 12. tM!.s He served ou the Ridimoud ami then on th( Ironclad Saugiis. of the Xoith Atlantic squad ron, and later on the Mouotigahela and the Indiana. He was promoted to commander In Fchriiurv, 1SS2. Captain Asa Walker, of tlie cruiser Coucoid, Is a native of New Hamp shire, and entered the Naval academy on November 'J7. I.stl2. graduating four years later, lie was llrst assigned to the North Atlantic squadron, and made ensign In IStls, ami afterward did ord nance duty In the Portsmouth nnvy vard. Remaining there a short time. '" went aboard the Jamestown, where he served until 1S"I. He has served on the Fssex. the praellee ship Dale. tlu Ticnton of Hie Asiatic siiiadron, and on two dln'etent occasions has been assigned to dut.v at tlie Naval academy. Captain K. P. Wood, of the dispatch boat Hugh MeCulloch, Is from Ohio, and entered the Naval academy ou September L'J. IMW. graduating in ISO". He was then assigned to the Minne sota on special service and made en sign. In IS7I he was promoted to lieutenant and placed ahoaid the Con gress, then on special service, lie did duty ou tlie Portsmouth, also on spe cial service. I'ioiii t SSI lo 1 SS i he was assigned to duty at the Naval academy, ami then served on the Monnugnhchi on special service. He was with tlie North Atlantic squadron In IS'.io. and was promoted to commander in that year. Captain Frank Wilde, of tlie Hoc ton, comes finni Maaohusetts. lie Is a graduate of Annapolis and served with gallantry through tlie war. llo to IiiiIiii'i Mri'p. Sleep cliques when the brain Is large- ASIATIC SQPADRON. ly denuded of blood. According to the "Spectator," to partly empty tho bruin of its blood supply, to keep the head cool, the blood sufficiently warm and to send the blood rather to tho lower ex ti entitles- this Is the physical problem of the sleepless. It Is Interesting to note that during sleep a great number of the bodily functions continue quite normally without Interfering with sleep Itself, and therefore sleep Is not so like death as some of the potts have Imagined, Man usleep Is not so pro foundly different from man uwake, the two chief points of difference, how ever, being these a greater Indrawlng of oxygen and exhalation of intbonlc acid and a complete nerve rest. The bedroom and the state of ocoupunt (as suming the absence of external noise) are the chief factors In the p;oblcm. The sleeping room should be airy und cool, never, for adult person, reach ing u higher temperature than U0 de grees, though young chlldien need greater warmth. The head should never be under the sheets, but exposed and cool. Tho feet should be kept warm by a little extra clothing at the foot. With a heavy sleeper there should he no thick curtain, but with a light sleeper curtains are essential, as sunlight plays upon the optic ncive and rouses that 'attention vhhh it Is the one object of the sleeper to ki p In sus pended animation. The bed should I never be between fireplace and door, as it catches the draughts, and It is more dangeious and more easy to contract it chill in bed than In the daytime, the specially chilly period being about II a. m. Don't think because u streamlet Is a little btream that a hamlet Is a little ham. "WOMEN'S KINGDOM." RUSSIA HAS A SETTLEMENT IN PEMININE HANDS. Mrii AIkiiiI MomI of llio Vrar llurliic IhU lime llie VV !, .Viol horn mid Siwi'tlinirtH I:iiJo3 TIipiiikuIvi h lit 'tliclc Co t I ti liit. Champions of vvoman'R rights will be glad to know that there In at least one part of 1 1 1 civilized woild In which their theories aie accepted as gospel truth ami In vvulch the superiority ot tlie gentle sex Is limply demonstrated. In the Russian province of Smolensk which is a prominent country In White Russia, this Interesting state of uiralts .exists. Smolensk is divided Into 1 countleH or states, and one of these stales Is go.erned wholly by women, says the New York Telegram. This state Is known far and wide as "Tho Women's Kingdom." It contains sev eral small towns and Its principal ob ject of Interest Is the celebrated con vent of Heskujow, to which thousands of pilgrims ami mendicants used to wend their way dining the last cen tur. The imson why it Is called "Tho Women's Kingdom" Is because the en tire male population emigrates from the state each spring, in older to look for work In Smolensk and In the other huge neighboring cities, and the wom en are left at home to look after all state and domestic a II a Int. The men aie absent from home about nine, months each year, ami during that time the entire work of the state Is done by the women. Agilculturo Is. the great Industry of the country and mouth after month the stalwart women labor in the Melds. Intent ou seeming; a good harvest. ir they fall dreary may lie their lot dining the winter, for their husbands and biothers do not always senile remunerative work, and it costs money to live In White Russia, as everywhere else. Hut they seldom fall and the statistics show that In this lespect "The Women's Kingdom" Is one of tlie most piosperous states In Smolensk. The women also attend to municipal affairs, and all the local or dinances and regulations tire Issued by them. Kiui' town has itB mayoress and boat (I of alderwomen (there lire times when one must coin a word), and at ngulnr seasons there nte communal assemblies, at which the adult women discuss, with becoming seriousness, all matte s of public interest. Huslness. however, does not occupy nil their time. Ilelng women, they naturally can no! do without healthy amusement, and to their credit lie It said they man age to get a good deal of fun nut of life. Instead of slttine; III silence be side their lonely liearthn and bemoan ing the enforced absence of their hus bands, brothers and sweethearts, they say to themselves: "Our men don't sit and moan when thc.v are away from us ami why should vv( .' I,ct us enjoy our selves'" Mot of their lelbine hours are past ed in the club house, one of which Is to be found in each town. Kvery wom an belong to one of these clubs, and most of tin in spend their tlmo then from 5 o'clock In the evening until i;i(i to '1 o'clock In the morning. They talk. slug, drink tea, listen to music, discuss tlie fashions and doubtless fre quently play a few Innocent games of cards. They can get the latest news ut the dub, and they are sure to meet all their friends and acquaintances there. If they do not care to Indulge in eonvcisatlon, they can read the latest papers there, or they can write, loug letters to their absent male rela tives. In a word, the club Is their second home, and without It It Is diffi cult to mo how they could enduie their lonesome life. DrKtrnrtloii of City Trrei. Scientific gardeners have bofjn giving attention to the causes of the destruc tion of city trees, and find that tho presence of a large amount of Illumin ating gas in the soil Is the cause of the death of most of theso ihade-glv-ers. A row of beautiful trees in a city street Is ouo of the most charming of pictures, but It Is one that wo will not long enjoy unless some measure are taken to prevent the saturation of the soil with cas. It is tho custom In Kurope, when a tree Is killed by gas, to exact from the company that they replace the tree as nearly as possible, removing the contaminated earth and filling In the spaco with that which is perfectly adapted to the best health and growth of the tree. As this is a considerable Item of expense, tho gas companies are extremely careful about leakage and the management of their pipes. In view of the fact that .ho soli of our city street, whenever It is turn ed up, seems laden with the odor of gas. It becomes necessary to take oonio extreme uieasuies lest all of tho shade trees be destroyed. i:iitcrirlif for Yon, An anonymous lettei recently sent to Count do Wuldeck, who rcslder, in Hungary, Informed him that he might expect a visit from two burglars, who would call upon him under pretense of being insurance agents. Tho callers arrived, and were arrested; but it turn ed out that they wero the bona-flde agents of a New York company, and that the telegram had been sent by a rival company In Vienna. Legal pro ceedings have been instituted against the latter. New York Tribune. Another Mlituke. Hetore I got married I thought I was thoroughly acquainted with my wife." "And weren't you?" "N(H at all. You see, she wasn't my wife then." He Hail the Hhakei. "How does It come that you didn't volunteer with your regiment?" "Couldn't. 1 had an attack of ague " a K .' u ), e i 1 .. rt jj. f