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THE RED CLOUD CHIEF. FRIDAY. AUiUTST 27 1397.
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SCIENTIFIC TOPICS.
CURRENT NOTES OF DISCOV
ERY AND INVENTION.
A New liiTrntlon for Measuring Strength
bj Meant of the lllejclc A Canti
lever llltjrile One of the latest
Xotellleft.
IncrntniiK Itnt-Trnp.
HIS Ingenious and
curious rat trap Is
a wicker Imitation
of a snnkc, having
a real snake's head
fastened to the end
of It with some ad-
' The bnlt 1b a piece
of skin, containing
some vccctable sub
stance to . which
fats ate supposed to be very partial.
The trap Is on the collapsible principle,
find Is set by being pressed together at
the ends between the hands, until It Is
large enough to admit the body of a
good sized rat. The spring Is then fas
tened, and as soon as the rat touches
the bait nt the extreme end of the In
terior, the whole thing collapses and
resumes Us original shape, squeezing
the rnt tightly nnd effectually securing
him, the open work rendering abortive
nil his attempts to escape. This kind
of rat trap Is made and used by the
natives of Loangn, West Africa.
Wasting IMccirlelty.
Carelessness on the part of tho mo
torman Is, according to recent Investi
gations, the cause of a great waste of
electrical force. This occurs at tho
starting and stopping. Sometlmea tho
power is left on until after tho brakes
arc set, at other times there arc mere
ly partial currents, but quite enough
to foot up a considerable aggregate. In
fact, It Ib estimated that ns much as 20
per cent of power may -be lost In this
way. So noticeable has this become
that it has been found advisable to
adopt a very simple device by means
of which the lost current is, at least,
approximately, measured, and the
amount thereof enn be charged up
Rgalnst the unskillful or careless mo
torman. This device consists of a strip
of alloy placed In a box1 prepared to
receive It. The alloy Is held against
the wire by a weight attached to the
lower end of the strip. It Is supported
by a short piece of Gorman silver wire
of such cross section aH to bo heated
by the current which flows through It
to operate the car. At a certain tem
perature the wire melts Its way through
the strip of alloy, thus allowing the
strip-and weight to descend. There is
nn automatic device to prevent injury
to tho, recorder or the stoppage of the
car In case the wire should melt under
an abnormal current. The recorder 1b
pushed Intb plndo, at tho samo moment'
closing tho car circuit. To Insure Ita
use the arrangement Is such that unless
the recorder Is In place, the circuit Is
open, and the car will not start. A
record is kept of the number of miles
each roan runs, nnd tho number of
Inches of alloy melted during the run.
This Is returned at the end of a month
nnd Is posted up over against the man's
name. It has been estimated that a
considerable saving is effected by this
means.
Meaiure Her Strength.
A late Invention from Paris Is a me
ter for estimating how much strength
a bicycler may safely expend on a day's
ride. One variety of meter Is fastened
to the wrist of the cyclist, to take tho
pulso beats. A second meter, shown in
the illustration here given, is not only
for bicyclers, but to be used In all
tests of the lungs and vitality. Aa
women arc more frail Uinn men, and
more liable to overdo tho thing, the
new tests will be of especial value to
them.
Jnoi of llamboo.
The attention of builders Is being
drawn to the valuo of bamboo as a
building material. The great strength
of bamboo poles Is not nt nil under
stood by the majority of persons, it
Is stated on excellent authority that
two bamboo poles, each of them 1 7-10
inches In diameter, when placed sido
by side, will support a grand piano
slung between them by ropes, and that
they will neither sag' nor break under
the burden. Bamboo will form poles
5 to 70 feet long and from 8 to 10 Inch
es In diameter. A derrick 26 feet high
mado of 4-Inch bamboo poles raised
two Iron girders, weighing together 424
pounds. Tho wonderful lightness of
this material In proportion to Its
strength has excited comment of late,
and nw uses aro constantly being
made of It. Scaffoldings of bamboo
bave the advantage of lightness and
strength. It Is predicted that this ma
(Urlftl will come In general use for auch
w
purposes. An additional advantage tn
that bamboo resists decay in water aa,
well as In the earth, that the older
nnd drier It gets, the more Bolld It bo
comes, and that It can bo grown for an
Incredibly small sum.
The Contraction of Holler IMatef.
It Is a notable fact that steel has al
most entirely superseded Iron for boil
er plates. Steel has a greater tensile
strength than Iron, and much greater
ductility and elasticity. From G5.000
to 60,000 poundB per square Inch 1b the
tensile strength now required by stand
ard tests. The test Is mado on steel
bars one Inch square, and so carefully
are the tests calculated that In the
specification for high pressure boilers,
It is one of the conditions that tho
plates shall be of tho tensile strength
specified per square Inch, and that any
reduction of area nt, the point of frac
ture under test shall not bo less than
BG per cent. In other words, nn Inch
bar of steel when strained to the break
ing point must not bo reduced In slzo
to not quite onc-hnlf tho original area
of the bar. The varying temperature
to which tho boiler Is subjected when
In use makes It ncc'cssnry to exorcise
this pare, as the resistive nblllty of tho
plates must Bhow a clear CO per cent.
The (.'milliner lllcyele.
The aecompnnylng Illustration Is
from a photograph of tho Cantllovcr bi
cycle, one of tho latest novelties In
cycle construction, and Ub Inventor,
Mr. Nlcknll Pcnderfccn. Ono of tho
features wherein this machlno differs
materially from tho ordinary safety bi
cycle Is tho weight. Cantilevers range
In weight from the nlno pound racer
to a wheel for rough use, which weighs
14 pounds.
Tho construction Is the outcome of
the inventor's desire to secure a perfect
sent. Mr. Nlcknll Pcndcrsen Is a Dane,
residing in England, nnd ho hns been a
wheelman for twenty years. Ills Idea
was to enjoy the comfort of a hammock
on a bicycle, which he accomplished by
the use of silk strings on which the
saddle rests.
Tho front forks are attached fb tho
rest of the frame by n pivot connection
at the top and by a strong pivot hinge
at the point shown in the cut Just
where, the lower part of the frame Join
ing with tho crank hanger goes up to
a point near the top of the front wheel.
This connection gives the machine a
sensitive steering dovlce.
Oranges u Medicine.
There Is no doubt that pure fruit
Juice Is one of the best blood purifiers
and system regulators that wc possess
In fact, there are many who can tes
tify to this fact, particularly ns regards
oranges. Soruo people who have hith
erto eaten fruit between meals, or just
before going to bed, and condemned It
as Injurious, havo learned to cat one of
two oranges with nearly every meal,
particularly brcakfust, and have found,
to their pleasant surprise, that It ex
ercised a marvelous effect upon their
general health. Many remarkable
things have been claimed for oranges
taken as a food, such as making the
complexion clear and beautiful, cur
ing the drink habit and numerous oth
er things as varied as marvelous, and
there ore doubtless persona who have
made themselves ridiculous eating
oranges by wholesale In tho endeavor
to euro of tho disease to which the
flesh is heir. Thousands of persons
can testify, however, that a Judicious
use of oranges is a good thing, but a
few precautions must be taken. In the
first place, buy nothing but good fruit,
especially ripe fruit. Green or bad
fruit cannot be good for anybody. Then
be careful to peel your orange care
fully, for the white pith lying beneath
the yellow rind Is oho of tho most In
digestible substances known in the
vegetable world. Do not eat too many
oranges nt, first; but If tho habit of eat
ing them with meals is once formed
a person will never bo satisfied to cat
a meal" without fresh fruit of some
kind. The habit will work wonders
In a short time in the direction of reg
ulatlng thu system, keoplng tho blood
In good condition, nnd crenting a good
appetite.
K fleet of Injarlei tu riant.
According to an English authority,
when a plant Is bruised or Injured In
any way, a condition arises which ex
actly corresponds to what we term fe
ver'; The rate of respiration is In
creased, the temperature of the part
affected Is considerably raised, Th
disturbance has its period of increase,
teaches a climax and subsides ns docs
ordinary fever. Indeed, tho Increase
In temperature Is quite as great, If nor
greater than In animals. This opens a
wide field for Investigation and discus,
slon, and one which will be followed up
by lovers of nature and Its very Inter
esting phenomena.
For tho purposo of putting out small
fires that are too high In tho room tq
reach easily and where there Ib no hose
handy a new dovlce consists of a gun
with a large barrel, to bold wntor,
which Ib thrown onto the flro by a cart
ridge Inserted In the breech and fired
by pulling a trigger, the gun bolng eaal
ly recharged for use again.
FOR WOMAN AND HOME
ITEMS OF INTEREST TO MAIDS
AND MATRONS.
About Evening (Inwni An Kanentlat
Feature of Karljr Summer Wardrobe
How Overworked Mother May Have
Labor In (lownlns tho Daughters.
The Little" l'lnk Hhne.
NI-Y a little
lml)V shop
pink
Thnt Is Mnlncd
and wrinkled
and torn,
With a tiny hole
whero tho little
pink toe
Peeped out In tho
days that arc
gone.
The llttlo ptnk too
vn tho "big lit
tle pig"
That to market no often would bo.
And over mid over tho legend wns told
As I Kissed tho little pink too.
"I'lKKle some more," tho rod tips would
Inn.
, Ami the r'oiy i
tKiiln nnd again.
In motheihuod'u
tuid lls were kIvcii
hii Initios- wero wo
h forvtiiHiu of hinven.
Hut there unmo n night, with u dcsolnto
hllKht,
When denth bore my Idol nwny,
And no little toe over peep fiom the hoo
To bo klHRcd In the sweet old way.
Hut my tears huve deluged the little pln't
shoo.
And ntiilnrd It a deeper tilnlii.
And I long for the touch that x.Vmld chill
inn In diuth
If It pave me. my dnrllug aaln.
3o, when I am dead, lay the little pink
shoo
Near my henrt which In xllent nnd cold.
And perhupH up above, In the MUnllghl of
live,
I shall kiss tho pink too us of old.
Kuto Thyson Marr. N. V. Journal.
livening tlown.
Even for those having but two
weeks' vacation, an ovcnlng gown Is an
absolutely necessary part of the sum
mer wardrobe. It need not be expen-
slve, but It must bo fresh and cut to
show that It is Intended solely tor
evening wear. Fancy silk Jb offered at
such low prices that It seems am .easy
matter to secure an evening gown of
It. Pretty stripes aro offered at about
30 cents a yard, and make up very
well for tho purpose. Plain taffeta Is
good also, although rather more ex
pensive. Yet silk Is not the only avail
able material. Net is considerably
used, and may be draped over a gown
that has seen It best days. The skirt
should be finished with four or five
rows of ribbon, and the waist trimmed
to match. If but one evening gown is
Included In tho wardrobe It Is best
with a square neck. This shape seems
more suitable to every occasion titan
the round neck. Clowns ,mado of or
gandie and muslin are by far the pret
tiest of summer evening costumes.
They are combined with lace and
(dainty ribbons, The lac Is draped Into
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DINNER GOWN OF ELIZABETHAN "MODB.
tySvp ,
fichus over tho shoulders, If It bo wide,
op edges tho flounces, If narrow. Yel
low organdie over white silk makes
an effective costume. The Latest,
Crepon (Inwni.
To the mother of a large family let
mo recommend cotton crcpo for tho
gowning of her llttlo daughters. It
looks quite as well ns organdie, If mado
up prettily, nnd, oh, whnt a boon It Is
for the overworked mother. You know
It doesn't need starching, but can bo
washed and hung out to dry. After that
a cry slight pressing Is nil that Is
necessary to make tt ready for wear.
One llttlo mother that I know, with
thrco hardy boys and one tiny daugh
ter to keep prcscntnblp. Intends to tuke
her childdren nwny for tho summer.
She can't afford to pay Immense laun
dry bills, so she has laid In n stock of
cotton crcpon gowns for tho llttlo maid.
A I'nle corn color has an empire wulql
on which the skirt Is gathered, the
large puff starling at the elbow on
black velvet ribbons. Other ribbons
are sowed to the edge of the yoke and
tie over tho shoulders with long loops.
A pale green gown has a long Prlscllla
bodice with ribbons of the same coloi
tied about tho waist. The sleeves an
tight and slightly puffed nf tho top
Yet tho prettiest of all Is a dainty pink
to be worn with a white mull glmpo
Tho sleeves ate also of mull. Tho sklr
is gathered to a white silk band em
broidered In pink rosebuds that crossci
between the shoulders both back ant
fiont. Similar bands form epaulets
arranged In such n way that they an
?nslly removed when the ,gown is t(
bo laundered. They are washed ii
naphtha, and -when the gown Is wnsho.
Mill toil.
Huttons aro ccrtuinly as ancient ju
tbe siege of Troy, in tho ninth ccnturj
before our era, for both In that unfor
tunnto city and at Mycenae, Dr. Schlle
mnnn discovered objects of gold, sllvoj
nnd bronze which could havo had nr
other use but that of buttons. In
medieval times the clothing of tbe com
mon people was generally fastened
with wooden pegs' of tho typo and form
of those resorted to in emergencies b
the country boy .or the present ilay
nnttons covered with cloth were pro
hlblted by George I In 1720, to encour
age the manufacture of motal buttons
I'ollth for the Furniture.
A little turpeutlne and oil applied to
furniture with a flannel cloth, tho fur
niture then thoroughly rubbed, will
glvo It a bright, clean appearance. If
your rosewood refuses to polish have
your furniture man repollsh It for yo.
He will rub it down with sandpaper,
and varnish Jt, so it will last for
yeara. '
London's unsuccessful cab strike
cost trades unions fl00,000, of which
$95,000 was subscribed by cabmen,
i2ja
Mm,
I "-Mill r&
FOR BOYS AND GIRLS.
SOME GOOD STORIES FOR OUR
JUNIOR READERS.
The Herrnade'' a Pretty Story for the
Little Onei -Reading a Newspaper
at the Top of a FlasMalT Daring
Ured of a L'hleagoan.
Where to Walk,
11151113 the pools are
brlKht and deep,
Whero the grey
trout lies axlrcp,
Up the river and
over the lea
That's the wny for
Hilly and me.
Where the bluett'
bird Kings till
latest.
Where the linwllinrn
blooms til e
sweetest.
Whore tho nestling chirp nnd llou
Thai's the way for Hilly and mc.
Where tho mowers mow the clennrst.
Where the hay lies thick st and greenest,
Them to traco the home w aid ben
That's the way for Hilly nnd me.
Whern the har.el bank Is steepest,
Where the shadow falls the deepest,
hei! tho elusteilim nuts fall free
Thnt's tho way for Hilly and mo.
There let us wnlk, thfie let us play,
1 hrutiKli the meadow utnong the hay,
I'll the w liter and over the leu
Hint's tho way Tor Hilly and nte.
Hogg.
The Serenade.
One day a man, who hud pictures to
tlL came through the vlllngo whero
Mr. Chester lived. The pictures wero
mounted on large squares of pnsto
board edged with gilt paper and were
colored very brightly.
"Ob, can't wo hnvo one, mamma?"
they plead, so their mother told them
they could choose the ono thoy liked
best and hang It up In their room after
they had looked nt It.
The boys were n long while choosing
among such n number, for there wore
landscapes nnd roses nnd kittens play
ing with balls of cotton, but at last
Fred, tho eldest, decided that ono
cnllcd tho "Seronndo" was much tho
finest. It represented n garden, a fine
house nnd n balcony. In the garden
were flowera of nil colors, nnd n great
yellow moon mado everything ns bright
an day, and beneath tJio balcony stood
a gentleman with Immense black eyes
and curling hair, dressed In crimson
velvet coat and kneo breeches, with
white silk stockings nnd buckled shoes
and lots of laco rufflcB at his neck and
about his wrlBts. His big eyes woro
fixed upon tho curtains of a window
which opened on tho balcony, and
through them was thrtiBt a very small
white band holding a rose. Ilolow this
picture were these words, "The Sere
nodo" nnd some verses. When the
boys hnd paid for the picture they sat
down on the porch to lopk n't It.
"I think! said Frank,;"that It Is the
most, beautiful picture ''that ever was.
Don't you, mnmmn?"
"I believe it Ib the brightest I ever
Baw," said the mother.
"What does a 'serenade mean?"
asked Fred.
"Why, tho thing ho Is playing on,
of course," snld Louis.
"No," said mammu. "That Is a man
dolin. When gentlemen admired ladles
In those days they often went at night
after every ono waa In bed to sing be
neath their windows. They chose or
wrote some song that told tho lady how
they admired her, how pretty and nlco
sho was, and they ofton sang to a
guitar or mandolin. Sometimes they
did not sing, but played the flute. This
gcntlemnn Is serenading the lady who
Is hiding behind tho curtain, and this
Ib probably what ho Is singing," and
Bho read tho verses below the pidturc.
"Why docs the lndy lildo herself?"
asked Frank.
"Well," said Mrs. Chester, "it was
considered proper, but, you see, sho
Is going to throw, tho singer a rose,
which will show hi in that sho likes the
3orcnadc."
"That'B his bike Btilt, Isn't It?" asked
Louis. "Where has he left his bike?"
"Bicycles wero not Invented when
men dressed like that," said Mrs. Ches
ter. Fred read the verses again.
"I think everything must have been
prettier then than It Is now," he said.
"I often think so myself," said his
mother. "Men will probably never
dress like that again, but there could
bo n llttlo more romance In the world
If people choso."
"I know what you mean, mnmmn,"
mid Fred. After awhile he sat down
on tho lower step of tho porch and be
gan to wrlto ,on his slate, and pretty
soon ho called Louis and Frank to him,
and they all whispered together. Their
mother saw they were talking over
some llttlo sccref.
After awhile 'papa camo homo to ten,
and then they all sat about thq table
until nbotit half-past nlno o'clock.
As thoy were very early peoplo they
nil went upstnlrB about that time, and
nt ton tho house wus dark and every
one In bed or supposed to be.
However, Just an tho clock struck,
Mr. Chester lifted his head to listen.
"Dear me, what tun thnt fco?" ho
asked.
There was a sound of something not
unlike Chinese music under the win
dow, a queer whistling and a loud tap
ping and some laughing. Mrs. Chester
Jumped up, ran to the window and
looked out. The moon shone bright
and lit up the smalllawn perfectly, and
standing upon It she saw three little
figures In knickerbockers, wearing
sashes around their waists, plumed
hats and making tho music of which
wo have spoken. Just as sho looked
out one of them began to sing.
"What on earth Is It?" asked papa.
'"Be vulet, I am being serenaded,"
r.n id mamma.
The threo funny figures were Fred
and Louis and Frank, with ribbons
from the parlor window curtains about
their waists and feathers from tn
large duster In their caps. Louis waa
placing on a comb covered with tissue
paper. Frank was tapping his llttlo
red drum, and It was Fred who was
singing. And now his mother guessed)
that what he bad been writing on tho
slate was this song, which he now
sung to n tunc something Hke "Baby
Mlno":
We have no mandolin, mamma, dear;
No flute nnd no guitar, mamma, dear;
Hut we play upon tho comb
And we beat upon tho drum,
And so we serruailo our mainmn, dear,.
Dccnusc we love you so, mamma, dear.
And you are so nlco, you know,
mamma, dear;
So pretty nnd so good
Thnt you really, really should
Have a serenade sung tu you, mamma,
dear.
Papa laughed as ho listened, but
mamma did not feel liko Inughlng
"How cunning they nro! Oh. th
little darlings!" she crle,d. Then thu
ran to the vnso on tho mantelpiece anil
took out three lovely roses thnt hnd
been given her thnt dny, nnd thtuw
them tlown to her denr little boys.
And oh! tin- kisses thnt sho gavo
them when they canto to breakfast
nc.t morning with the rosea In their
button-holes anil what raspberry Jaw
with their pancakes.
A True htory.
Kvcryoun knew and loved Father
Grnhnni. Ho wiib nn old-fashioned
gentleman with the simple heart of a
child, Because of his goodness his in
fluence wus very grent with both old
nnd young In the little town whore hn
dwelt.
A young mnn of the vlllngc had been
badly Insulted, nnd enmc to Father
Grnhnm full nf nngry Indlguntlon, de
claring that ho wns going at once to.
demand an apology.
"My dear boy," Father Graham said,
"take a word If ndvlco from nn old
mnn who loves peace. An Insult I
liko mud; tt will brush off much bet.
tcr when It Is dry. Wnlt a little. Mr
ho and you aro both cool, and the
thing Is easily mended. If you go
now, It will be only to quarrel."
It Is pleasant to bo nble to add that
tho young man took his advice, run!
before the next day was dono tho In
tuiting person came to beg forgive
nes'i.
Head the Nenm on IIIrIi.
From the Chicago Dlspntch: Just
Wang, tho assistant Janitor of tho Ta
comn building, hunted up a queer place
to read his morning paper today. He
was nut satisfied with even the roof ol
a sky-scraper, and so ho climbed the
fifty-foot flagstaff of tho thirtceh-story
building nt thenorthenst corner of Lit
Snllo nnd Mndlson streets, where lie re
mained for nearly an hour calmly pe
rusing the story of the preparations
for Logan day.
While ho sat perched nt the top ot
tho flagstaff, 300 feet abovo tho side
walk, people In La Snlla nnd Mndlson
streets craned their necks nnd won
dered who was erratic enough ta
choose such n plnco for a morning air
ing. But Wnng wns uot up there for
his health. Ho climbed the fifty-foot
flagpole to fix the halyard, which re
fused to work when the janitor at
tempted to put up the flag tor Logan
day. When he reached the top of the
flagstaff he discovered that the pulley
over which the rope passes was broken.
A new pulley was needed and while
Jacob Pfelfer went over, to South
REPAIRING "'PULLEY ON FLAG
STAFF. Wnter street nnd Fifth avenue Wang:
enjoyed,' a smoke and his morning pa-
"Itjya easier to romaln there than
comedpwn and climb up ngnln," ho
explained; when he ouco more reached
tho roof'of the building. Wang Is not
a professional flagpole climber. He la
simply- an assistant janitor, but he dis
played all tho nerve 'and coolness of
a man who is in the habit of perform
ing antics dally in midair. He lives nt
184 West Erlo street nnd Is an old
employe nround the Tacoma building.
Camel In tho Snow.
Troops of camels, brought from
Mongolia are employed In winter to
enrry supplies and material to and
from the gold placers of eastern Si
beria, and the spectnclo presented by
k long line ot these "ships of the des
ert," tramping solemnly across the
snows of a Siberian steppe, la described
as extremely singular. Camola require
only about halt as much daily food us
horses, but on the other band, they
havo to be liberally supplied with salt.
Where the country is so wild that
neither roads nor trnckB exist, rein
deer are employed instead of horses or
cimelB, and they find their own liv
ing en route by uncovering, beneath
the snow, a kind of gray lichen oi
which tbey are able to subsist.
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