flBSi-ft If "ifX JfJJS" t.sflr, .-. .1'-.-'L i. ... ... .- u - s . Jf ' F . . . ' '' -"- .t ' V' " - r V M THE RED CLOUD CHIEF, FEIDAY, JUNE 11 1897. .y ?- i IT GOES UP AND DOWN BIGGEST SEE-SAW THAT HAS BEEN CONSTRUCTED. tt It s Font tire of tlio TonnrMro Cen tenjiliil Imposition Thoo Who Rlilo Upon It Will Crrlett 800 Feet Into tho Air. UKIQUE feature of tho Tennessee Con t o n n 1 a 1 , which opened at Nasl vlllc, Is tho great- est Beesaw of which I anyone ever heard. It Is a mightily en larged affair that Is exactly similar in principle to the snort almost every child has enjoyed which Is known as "teetering." it Is tho nineteenth cen tury evolution of tho plno board and tho rail fenco to tho mighty steel col umns that support two hugo cars, each of which will nccomtnodnto fifty per sons. Tho sec-saw, as .tho accompanying illustration shows, Is composed of a central tower nnd a bull steel beam. This steel tower Is thirty feet squaro at tho baso and seventy-five feet high to tho upper pin. On this pin tho beam, which is of steel, swings vertically. It Is rectangular In sections, Is thor oughly braced and ICO feet long. It Is swung on Its axis by means of two steel segments, which nre arfalrs re sembling hugs croquet wickets tho ends of which fasten into tho beam nnd tho rounded center slides over a portion of tho tower which is prepared to receive such nctlon. Technically speaking, pinions driven by tho oporatlng ma chine engage tho two segments. To the ends of the big steel beam cars are suspended one car at each THE GIANT end. Each car is capablo of holding fifty persons and can bo lifted alter nately to a point 200 foot above tho ground. This is tho maximum height. Tho length of the steel beam is also 200 feet. Tho cars used are similar to thoso attached to tho Ferris wheel in Chicago. When ono car Is at its maxi mum height, tho other rosts upon tho earth. Tho beams will move very slowly, tho tlmo necessary for tho as 'cent and descent from the ground to tho maximum height and vlco versa being about flvo minutes. So slowly will tho boam movo that tho sense of motion to the occupants of tho cars will bo almost entirely lost. This Is so arranged in order that very many persons whom a Journey into tho air of this sort would bo likely to an noy with nausea, may bo frco from auy such internal disturbance. Tho vlow to be obtained from theso cars will be of extraordinary beauty. Tho sceno of the battlefield of Nashville will bo visi ble to the passengers, as well as tho "Hermitage," the home of Andrew Jackson; Belle Meade, the famous stock farm of Tcnnessoo, and many other points of Interest. Tho machinery that will move tho huge see-saw Is located at tho bottom of tho steel tower and inclosed In a small house. It is very slmplo, for while tho tower and tho hugo truss beam aro monsters of their sort, so delicate will be tho adjustment that the task of tho machinery In moving them will be comparatively easy. Ev ery one who has over teetered and that means almost all the persons who will read this article understands how BtcesBtfy It was that the board used jffi jPJ fli?MrSRrTe) I should be nicely balnuecd upon the fence, or upon whatever object was Its central point of support. This Is the Idea which has been observed in tho construction of tho giant sec-saw. It seems wonderful, when ono thinks of It, that so great nn affair as this could bo adjusted with such mechanical nlcoty. Yet C. H, Dovnlloa of Nosh vftte, whose Idea it Is, says that were it not for that same dollcatc adjust ment, tho see-saw would bo nn utter failure. Tho question naturally arises, Is It possible for tho Btcol beam to slip and thus destroy tho balance and got beyond 'the control of tho machinery. Tho Inventor soya, however, that ow ing to tho tremendous prehcnsllo strength of tho structure, especially at tho points where any strain may possi bly dovclop, that an accident of tho sort suggested is absolutely impossi ble. At tho tlmo of tho World's Columbian Exposition In Chicago, or rather some months previous thereto, nn Idea eoiiic thlng like that which has resulted In tho construction of tho sec-saw was broached. Tho building nnd mechnni cal experts who were nBkod to pass upon tlio lden laughed at tho plan and said that even In this era of wonderful creations the successful carrying out of such a project was entirely out of the r.ucstlon. It simply could not be done. Mr. Dovallos 1ms, howovor, sili(.vn that tho seeming impossible Is clearly practicable and his sec-saw promises to bo ono of the greatest at tractions at tho Tennessee Centennial. Tho only seeming Impediment to the entire success nnd groat popularity of tho sec-saw seems to he that on the faca of it It Is what tho Tennessee mountaineer calls "scary." When n man stands on tho ground nnd looks up nt tho top of the tower nnd remem bers that the swing of the great tnus beam would tako him 20t) feet from the earth with nothing but air between him nnd terra flrmn. ho is likely to lies- Iv&BfeBUKf K 'i - UM: : SEE-SAW AT THE TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL. Itate. There really will bo no danger, but tho trouble is, it is likely to seem as If thero wero, and to most people this Is as bad as It what was fearod really existed. If the career of the see-saw at the Tennessee exposition is a success, it will mean a now era In amusement en terprises, for thoro Is no reason why theso mechanical teeters cannot bo con structed on a much smaller scale. Thero aro a great many people who possess so many years that thoy can not bring thomsclvc3 to confess that thoro still clings to them that innate love of teetering which when children thoy wero able to gratify. If tho see saw makes its apppcaranco in tho great cities, tho chances aro that thoro will bo no ago limit upon tho passengers. Muaington' MUtake. "All evening," said Muttlngton to a crowd of familiars, "I was on the khe dlvel I was lookln' for Miss itlchcrly everywhere. I had made up my mln'd to propose. I went into tho observa tory, and there, in an excluded cor ner, I saw her. I saw, too, the mistle toe prefixed to tho palm on her right, Well, I wound up my courage and aall cd In. I kissed her. At least 1 kissed something I thought at first It was Miss Hlcherly I found out later my in exorable blundert It was tho old maid aunt of the Ulakcs, tho ono with the oxygen hair and the rouged face. I thought I'd faint conscience was slip ping from me, but tho old Idiot wasn't fcazed! Sho never budged sho Just looked up in my face and, says she: Muille, dear, a kiss is catamount to a proposal,' and, by Jove, my lawyer aaya ihe'g right!" Now York World. ROMANCE OF MAN AND WIFE. Kryuitltlon for llrnil lltuibaud Ilrlnjrf n Mi Outs A romance such as Is read about In novels, but seldom enacted In real life, Is roported to tho Uoston Herald from Auburn, Me.: Twcnty-thrco years ago Mr3. ttuth A. Dray of this city wns divorced from her. husband on account of IiIb dissipa tion. Uray moved to Texas, and for a long tlmo hns mndo Ilrcnhnm hut home, and engaged In business there. This winter Mrs. Uray was very sick, nnd during her Illness sho learned that her former husband was HI and not expected to live. She Had n mixJ write a lettor to Texas making a re quest that If Mr. Uray died his body be sent to her. In tlio mcnntlmo Mf. Uray hnn lm nrnvori. lfi wrnln In reolV that ho wan Btlll In the flesh, but If his friends In Auburn wished for his body they wcro welcome to It. Mrs. Urny thereupon sent her daughter to Urenhnm to as certain In regard to Mr. Urcnham's condition. Sho found him almost des titute. Tho daughter bought him an outfit nnd brought him north. Ho Is now at the houso of Mrs. Uray, In this city. Mrs. Uray Is n fine woman of G5 years, and quite wealthy. Her own sickness nnd that of her former hus band have revived nil her fond affec tion for him, nnd it Is said tho sequel of tlio story will bo that tho couple separated for so many years will bo reunited again in marriage. Somo of Mrs. Dray's frlonds wish her to wait for nwhllo tp be certain that her for mer husband hns really reformed, aiyl this sho will probably do. Mr. Uray has hml a hard Btrugglo, and thoro would seem to bo ovcry reason that ho would settle down to a quiet home llfo with tho woman who, through all theso long years, has novcr ceofled tc remember and lovo him as in tho day of their youth. t't . uv ' i jtjk' Downright Robbery. Wife "Why did you send tho doc tor away before allowing him to do anything for you?" Husband 'The fool said ho could euro mo In ihroc days. Why, say, I'm Insured tor f 40 a week and my salary's only $20. J wonder what he takes mo for!" Cleve land Leador. Q a. A Hiipnoiltltlaui Cue. Powell "Dut for your birth you would bo my equal." Howell "Yes; if I had novcr been born I suppose T should bo a nonentity, too." Domor est's Magazine. SILVER THREADS. A man with two faces never Deeds but ono pair of feet. 'The "moderate" drinker never touok cs it ono drink is oxcess. Tho biggest debt in tho world. Is tho Christian's debt to tho heathen. Some men, if thoy prayed at all, would say, "Give us this day our dally grog." ' Success, like a lung-testing machine, Is valuable only as it measures strength. Man should be a little lower than tho nngols, and not a good deal lower than tho beasts. The only way to break company with Satan, is for you to-do tho breaking. Ho never will. A St. Louis woman was married to a' frcleht conductor Saturday, nmi timv i aro now making a honoymo-ia tour through tho south-vest In acaU'oa. A SOUTHERN TOWN. KLE.XANDR4A, VA.. CONTAINS MANY PICTURESQUE SC.ENES. .Md Curlylo llniKo nmi It Mnmortr Tlio Mynlrry of thn ''Krumln Htriinc-vr"--A Town Tliitt Un Itrpii Aitnrp tcf u Century. LEX AN Dill A hi boon nslcep so long, the sunahlna has been dreaming undisturbed in her qulot streets for ao many yenrs aud hnr quaint old houson have, such nil nlr of mystorloiift wait ing In their old fashioned grand- cur that It seems almost a sacrilege to tear away tho curtain of contented si lence which Mine lias hung there aud to gano with modern eyes half blinded by the dust of unceasing whirl nt t!o bright, stately days of patch and pow der, says a correspondent of tho New York Tribune. Nearly every houso has Us bit of history, Us comedy of dance ind assemblies, or its darker tragedy 5f mlEfortuuc, death anil oven murder. Among tho places crowded with his torical myths and shadows tho old Uarlylo Iioubo standn prc-otnluojit, for It has played Us part lu all he war 'are of tho country and has had no less i share in tho heyday of Alexandria'.! jlory. Dullt of stono and Holland bricks by the early settlers, supposed ly in lC-ii). it was used during the Preni'h and Indlnn war as a fort; and n tho old kitchen that 1b now falling .nto decay there Is n well that has nipplled tho placa with water through ill the varied phased of Its long oxist jncc. It wns In tho houso thnt rose lbovo the fort, which, by tho way, made a most convenient foundation, aot to mention stables and dungeons, that Draddcck, In consultation with :he governors of flvo colonies planned his Ill-feted campaign; hero young Oeorgo Washington received IiIb first lommlsslon; tho war of 1S12 saw It In ubo as n powder magazine and a prison, while In the civil war It was used as a hospital. Around tno colo nial period, however, when Alexnn Jrla's glory wns brightest, most of tho interest centers; for, though tho old house Is now comparatively unknown and obscure, being hidden by the sur rounding wings of tho Draddoclc house, In those dnys its pillared porti co looked down upon long tcrraccB, bordered with slender Lombardy pop- I lnrs. The wide hall is flanked on ciiu- er side by quaint little rooms, tho most famous of which lo tho "bluo parlor," unchanged since tho days of Wash ington, whero the whlto cornice Is carved In queer little roses nnd thistles to remind them, perhaps, of tho old English dnyB of "Merry Carlylc." It was to this room that llttlo Salllo Fair fax tripped down tho mahogany stairs to dance at her first ball with Gen. Washington and In tho tiny antechnni bor in front-Gen. Draddock slept. Up stairs tho rooms aro small and tho modern housewife would look In dis may at tho cupboards, for they aro scarcely moro than two feet square. Tho windows which front tho river or iginally opened upon a balcony that oveihung a most enticing garden, but tho balcony lias gono nnd tho old gar den, with Its circular path of brick, Its groat box-trees and wistaria vines, Is fast becoming a dream of tho past. On tho third lloor the rooms nro small er and bo still thnt but for tho spotless whitewash thoy might easily bo peo pled with ghosts. At ono end of the passage that runs between tho rooms thero is a door leading into a corridor of tho old hotel and down its length of blackness it Is said that tho walling of a baby, long since dead, often breaks through the stillness of tho night. So much for the ghosts, who, unfortunately, do not walk In broad daylight, but tho old vaults, far down below, aro surely spooky enough, even whero tho sunlight pours its warm flood through tho doorless archway. In ono of tho partitions above tho vaults stands an old cupboard, mndo by tho Indians, with traces of beading thickly covering tho doors. Tho beads, however, havo all disappeared. Down the stono stairs again, to the left, there Is supposed to be an underground way that led to the river, which in those dnys was nearer by several hundred feet than It is now, but the vault has long been walled in, and Its secrets arc still unsolved. Tho Draddock house, which surrounds this relic of a bygone statellncss, Is of a much lat er date, but a quaint, rambling enough old place It is. Tho front was original ly built for a bank, nnd tlio rest of tho houso was added afterward. It, too, has seen many changes and much do genoratltn, and lt3 wIheo seems fairly to shako wltli holy hor'ror at tho buzz ing of tho telegraph wires that have their homo in its staid and propor walls. Straight down tho street from tho Draddock housq is tho old Clngett tavern (they wore all taverns In thoso dnys), whoso lower floor has beon de generated into something that Is moro like a Junk shop than anything elso, but upstairs are tho assembly rooms, whloh, It Ib said, George Washington often honored with his presence, Thero is a qunbr little musicians' gallery looking into it that was accessible only from the lower hall by means of a lad dor, as the tiny door' leading into it Is high up In tlio wall. When tho musicians had' assembled tho ladder was taken awo5, 'caving those unfor tunates no way of escape. This room, now divided Info three, is usod ns a cltlb room by nh organization that has done much to preserve and care for It. The carv'ed walmcotlng and molding .v vy fT ere still tho same, though tho placo haa bcon, of course, much modernized, On tho opposite sldo of the hall lo the room orcuplod by tho famous "Female Stranger," ntul It Is still pointed out to II other strangors, malo or fomalo, for wTU'Mv'cr thoro Is'n mystery unsolved, nnd n trlflo unranny, the Interest al ways seoms tlio grenUt. This per son, who Is known only as tho "Fctnnlo Stranger," camo to tho tavern early ""n tho contury. Sho stayed Just four days., nnd during that tlmo held no rnnverso with any ono mivo her ser vants, to whom alio spoke always In Kronen. At tho end of thnt tlmo alio died, but Just boforo her death her hus band arrived and In hU arms sho breathed her last. Tho monument ho crcctod to her ts still well proiorved tuxl titands In St. Paul's cemetery, out beyond tho city. Tho ntono In a llttlo dark, thero Is a coping around tlio lot nrd a willow treo bends over her head, Tho words seem to havo a peculiar slg nlllcanco, could tho mystery bo fath omed, perhaps tho tragedy of tho llfo cut off so suddenly, or perhaps tho struggling soul that had found Its peace: : To tlio McMnoiy of n : : ,ttl FKMAI.K STHANOr.lt. : : wlioHp mot ml milToiliHt terminal- : : cil tho nth ilny of October, : tstn, : : Abii1 yj yonri nnd h months. : : Tiiii hIoih- In ou-cWmI by licr ilH- : : connoiaid '. : Ihtstmiul, in wliosn anna rIio : : kIkIipiI out hor : : l.nti'it lircatli, and who. undor : : (lod, : : DM IiIh uttnoHt to nootho I'Vi-ti tlio ! : cold ileail car of Ucutlh : How loved, how honoicd once, 1 : nvuiiH tlioo not 1 : To whom rrliilml. or by whom bo- I : not : : A lionp or ittixi nlcno nytmlns of : thi'p, : : 'TM till thou art, ntul nil tho i : proud shall bo. : : To Him pavo nit tho Prophets : : tttTiTunoo tint, throtiKli hln namo. : : whoeoevor lipllpvatli In Him ulinlt : : rccclvu U'tnlxHton of iUu. : : ActH, toth chapter, 3d verse. I Strnngo words for a soul roloasod from Its bondage! Rtrnugor still tho unsolved mystery that hangs about her. Many nre tho speculations mndo, Dome even averring that sho was the daughter of Aaron Durr, tlio unfortu nato Thcodosln, but this seomn In credible, and nothing doflnlto can bo learned concerning this cplsodo of n lite to which, pcrhupB, It wus tho calm und peaceful ending. SOME HARD GREEK NAMES. Nut l'riiiiounrcil ltulto ut tlio Average Hr.iili-r Wonlil Huppinp. Greek proper names havo been tho sourco of considerable study to tho reading public since tho Greek troubles began and tho pronunciation of the names of somo of tho officials who aro prominent In Athens nt tho prcsont tlmo has been tho subject of contro versy, says the Now York Tribune. A man who Is well versed on the subject said that tho modern Greek peculiarity was to a groat extent tho accentuation and gave ns nn instnnco the name of Mauromlchales, tho Grook secretary of tho interior. Tho namo la pronounced Mov-ro-mlchnlls, with strong ccccnt on the second syllable. Tho secretary of foreign affairs, Alex ander Skouzes, pronounces his namo Slto-tw.cs, with strong accent on the I. Tho nnmo of Philip Varvoclcu, minister of Justice, is pronounced Var-vo-chlcps, the ch in tho third syllable being hard llko the German ch. Nicholas Metaxas, minister of war, has an easy namo for forelgnors, hut the minister of marine, Lovldcs, pro nounces his nnmo Lovco-thes. The president of tho chamber of deputies writes his nnmo Zalmes and pro nounces It Za-l-mls, with nccant on the 3econd syllable. Canarls, the fleet commander's nnmo, is pronounced Can arccs, with accent on tho first syllable. Tho namo of Dclyannls appears In print ovory day and most readers have Ideas n3 to Its pronunciation. His Grook neighbors call tho premier Dolce-yances, with accent on tho sec ond syllable. Like the Russians, tho Grooks havo no family names oxcopt In tho higher wnlks of society, and a man whoso nnmo Is Gregorius will call his son Grogorlados, pronouncing tho d much llko th in though. Tho son of Demet rius is called Domothrlades, Ono of the most common names in Greece Is Pappadopoulos, which may be assumed by any man whoso father was a priest, and a man Instoad of taking tho namo of Antonlndos may call himself by tho longor name, If Father Anthoy was a priest. Tho d In Antonlndes, Pappadopoulos and in all names where It comes beforo a vowel. Is pronounced llko th In though. Colored tVonmn Now a Doctor. Tho State Hoard of Modlcal Exam inors of Louisiana held an examination recently at which thore wore slxty sovon applicants, four of whom were colored. A standard of 75 por cent, was required to pass tlio examination, which is required boforo tho Individual can sccuro a license to practice medi cine In Louisiana. I'ltylng Vp, Two men called upon tho mayor of Llndsborg, Kan., tno otner day and paid him ?1. the aum which the c'.ty had paid for their lodging ono night In July last, when tlioy wero caught ehort thore. Thoy explained that they had reached a condition In llfo which made It practicable to pay what they counld orcd a debt. Cdppuil All Hie Coin III Klsht. Thomas L. Lucas and his son Fred haVo- left Huntlngtou, Ind In a hur-7-J. It is said that they havo stolen 't35',dQ0i They wero In tho abstract and loan business. The truo bono oi contention Is son- t orally found on the free-lunch counter, ANIMALS SHAM DEATH. Fenr Vr lVrtinpi llnionillln for Two HlrnugM Incbli'iiti. T-wo cbbcb aro on record of foxos be ing discovered in hen houses. In each case the fox not only completely do coined tlm finder, but nllowed himself to bo dragged out by the brush nnd thrown down, In tho one case In n Hold nnd In thu other a dunghill, snys tho Scotsman. In inch Instance tho fox then Jumped up and ran away. An other example Is thnt of a fox which dangled across n mnn'a shoulder as It allowed ltsolf to bo carried altfng a rond for more than a mile. At last It bit the ipan and was promptly dropped. A wit was rdiservod to carry n weasel homo In Its mouth, tho weasel dang ling helplessly. Tho door of the houso wan closed and tho cat, In conformity with ltn usual hnblt, mowed to gala ad .nl'j.fon. To mow, however, It had to act .lown tlio weasel, which jumped up and fastened on ltn nose. Tho follow ing Instnnco wns observed by the lato Prof, ltomnnes; A corncrnko had been retrieved by a dog, and, having every nppoarnnco of being dead, waa put In tho man'n pocket. Presently violent struggles wero felt and the man drow tho bird out. To his astonishment i' again hung In his hand limp and ap parently lifeless. It wns then set upon tho ground nnd watched from bohlnd somo rovor. In a short tlmo It raised ltn head, looked around and docamped nt full speed. A slngiilnr fact that must not bo overlooked in connection with this phenomenon is that somo an- Itnnbj hnvo been found to bo QjtuoMy dVml which wore at first Thought Touo shamming. Romanes, for Instanco, found this to bo tho enso with n squlr inl which ho had caught in n cloth, and with which ho wanted to experi ment with regard to tho feigning of death. Sir E. Tonnont also rolatos, in his booh on thn "Natural History of Coylon," that tho wild elephant somo times, dies when bolng taken from tho corral by tamo clophantB. Further, he volutes a enso in which, being con vinced thnt nn elcphnnt was dead, he had Its lashings taken off, ho nnd a friend Icarlnt; against It tho while to rest. Hardly hail thoy left It when It roio hurriclly nnd, trumpeting vocif erously, rtihhed off lu tho Jungle. Tho fact, howovcr, tluit a squirrel or nn cl iphunt when captured unhurt will dlo in sufllclont to show that a most power ful nervous derangement of Bomo sort Is induced. When tho Into Joseph Thomson lectured on his Afrlcnn ex perience ho rolated how the first buf falo ho shot tossed him and how, when .10 camo to himself and tried to sit up, ho found IiIh antagonist glaring nt hlra v. few yards awny. Ho told how ha U'colloctcd that a buffalo does not tr7 to toss a croaturo which shows no signs of life, and how ho lot his head sink slowly back nnd lay shamming dead. Pheasants, in flying across wlds ntiotchcs of water, havo bcon noticed suddenly to fall. In this way thoy are apparently drowned. It la porhaps dan Borons to assert positively thnt fear is Hero tho actlvo causo of death yet we aro apparently Justlflod in believing that a paroxysm of fear can product sudden death. Tho squirrel and the elephant mny hnvo died In fright; cer tainly death lu man can bo produced by midden fear, and, although man has a much moro scnsltlvo nervous mechan ism, tho lower animals havo an ex tremely actlvo Instinct of fear. Prof. Lloyd Morgan mentions tho enso of n surfaceman working in tho Severn tun nol, who wno nearly killed by a train. It Is stntcd that "his attention was so riveted thnt ho was unnblo to make, oi rather ho folt no dosiro to make th appropriate movements" that ho could not help watching tho rain, but felt no terror. With tho greatest difficulty h mnnnged to shako hlmsolf freo of hit fascination. In describing his feelings when tho danger Is past ho Is reported to havo Bald, "I camo over all a cold sweat and folt us helpless as n baby. I was frightened enough then." Thli may porhaps bo taken as a cataleptl condition without fear. lUIM'rlce. Dusty Dick Say, boss, ain't yer got or half cr dollar for a blind chap? Old Gentleman Why, you're only blind In ono eye! Dusty Dick All right, boss, make It 25 cents, den. Now York Tri bune SOME LATE NEW THINOS. A handy muslc-holdor that needs nc standard can bo attached to a table b) means of a spring clamp and has stee! arms to hold tho sheets of music in Place. , . .i .,. A recently designed chair can bi changed into a bed by dropping thi back and raising the foot-rest, the sldei opening out flat to maka it wider if do sired. A now parcol-carrlor for wheelmen Is formed of a narrow box mounted on tho framo over tho rear wheel and fit ted with a lock and koy in the door at tho ond. Snaro drums can be attached to chairs for orchestral playing by meant of a new device, consisting of a framt to hold tho "drum fitted with clamp tc fasten to tho chair. Cradles and rocking-chairs are tc be manufactured soon which are flttei with pneumatic and cushion pads oc tho bottom of tho rockers to make their noiseless nnd comfortable Football can be played indoora bj moans of a now game-board and ap paratus, tho boatd boing flttod with goals, etc,, and tho kicking is dont by automatic model men controlled bj levers. For the purpose of lengthening tht cranks of a bicycle a steel piece It formed of such shapo as to enter thi holo th tho end of the crank and Iocs ;.3t, the end extending outward and containing a hole for the pedal skafd 1 t .'iM i !,t' rli !-! I! 1 I- i Ui U m zmM ih jiv a,.':lCuJt Mfattjuiufca-usarnx.. . jM-wi tufwwifr -V-'?' L3"