iewmmmivmiiT,:2Wiiw x?" "i.x: fcrwT THE TIKI) CLOUD CHIEF. FKWAV. JAN.31. UK)fl. H j. v l t r if t 7.S AKE NOTED BEAUTIES. A QUARTETTE OF WOMEN FAM OUS FOR THEIR CHARMS. Hew York, Clilcac". LiiitiiiiMtl nml St. I.nuU lllvuU In t It Contort for I'lml I'lufi Murln Cliurililll untl Mr. U. C. Ciiutllolil-Tnylor, (Special Letter.) (j 0 product of any city lit tne country h:ts sue. cuthuslns tic praise us Its lieautlful and for good leasou thnt s every one of the n American cities has a galaxy of fair ones of whom to be proud. As tho stars differ from each other In glory, so do tho examples of feminine loveliness with which this broad coun try la sprinkled like a lirmanient. Kneli section has its faces, like no others, distinctive of its climate, life and ac tivities; all have their beauties, who are held up to the admiration of tho woild as representative of their native states. In a collection they would make a congress of grace, beauty and spiightllners that no other land can eiiuai. Herewith is presented distinctive types of tho handsome women from four quarters of tho country. Kaeh Is a rep resentative beauty of the city from which she halls and, what Is also to the point, there aro characteristics of nni.L ttMjt.l..a lwl. f.lnlfll nllllftfl t ll fl t mny give prldo to tho plaau of her birth. New York concedes tho palm for womanly graclousncss and beauty to no other American city. A glance at tho ideal typo herewith presented will tell you why. Miss Mario Churchill, who is now being talked of as tho "new beauty" of that city, made her debut last win ter, but was first prominently noticed nt Narragansett Pier last summer. At the Tuxedo ball, a short time since, and at the Horse Show she attracted a great deal of attention. She Is nn unusually tall girl, but so well propor tioned tjiat her height does not make her conspicuous nor ungraceful. Her coloring Is dark, although not perfect brunette, and her eyes seem to chango in color as do eyes when tho pupil la large, for sometimes they look bluo and again black. Miss Churchill's type of beauty Is not nn uncommon one in America, but her coinploxlon is more like that of an ICngllsh woman an lnherltaance, probably, for Miss Churchill's grandfather was Scotch. She has a fine figure, and dresses well, but looks best In evening dress, her neck nnd arms being so beautifully molded. As yet Miss Churchill has not had her portrait painted, but it is said she will shortly sit to one of tho most fashlonnblo artists. Chlcngo is boastful of many things, but of her charming women she has a right to bo. This will bo admitted even by those who deny every other claim the city puts forth. No city makes a more gracious contribution to the gallery of womanly beauty, and its type will be recognized as of a distinc tively American character. Mrs. H. C. Chatlleld-Taylor Is ac counted by many as the most beauti ful woman In Chicago, and she cer tainly Is one of the most accomplished. She is the daughter of former United States Senator Charles H. Harwell, ono of tho merchant princes of the city, nnd has been prominent In the best society for many years. Mrs. Chatlleld-Taylor lias traveled extensively, nnd is now in the Orient with her hus band and her sister, Mrs. Reginald Do Koven, of Now York. She has tho ad vantage of a superior education, and is an entcrtnlnlng conversationalist. Mrs. Cliatflold-Tnylor Is a brunette, with abundant black hair, soft brown eyes, a beautiful complexion, and n faco thnt shows an urtlstle tempera nient. She Is dovoteu to music, nier - atiirc, nnd tho arts, and her husband, who Is one of the best Known or west - mm i em authors, lias received great aid and tholomow's school, where so many oi encouragement from her. Altogether Mi society girls of Cincinnati have had she Is ono of tho brightest of western , Their young minds drilled In the olo women, nnd a leader not only in a social gles and isms of n colleglato course, way, but In those things pertaining to She Is n handsome blond of medium literaiiiro and art ns welt. ' height and gracoful, rounded figure. In no city of America Is there more Her eyes nre of that beautiful, mild ,rff, I ' A t.H. t w attnnllll GlI'llH III II I IIHIiUI 1 L V if.. I tf v,v IPlV.V -. ---S 1 rri.n ntiior iiiiv. however, this littlo In f r-C.'".s' -"'A cldent hnnnened; The fanner sent l VW )v--xi,.'-5-,-tJ'-- JS.V. , n riu-oonter to do s-ome odd Jobs tifS?W; MA'RIH CHURCHILL. tni nri.in rniicnriiiiii: its beautiful women than ;n St. Louis. Tho south- western metropolis has reason to feel entitled to a distinguished placo In any gallery of womanly grace, for Its types of loveliness neod no expression of commendation. Thoy aro distinctive and speak for themselves. St. Louis lost ono of hor unmarried belles re- contlv In the noraon of Miss Maria Ewlngi who was married two weeks aco to Mr. Edward nice. Mrs. Rico has been considered for more than n year one of the most colobtatod of all the beauties of St. Louis, She Is tho eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Otis I'wing, whose home Is ono of the fash ionable centers of the city. Miss Kw Ing was educated at Sacred Heart con vent, In St. Louis, and went afterward to Massachusetts to complete her course of study. Subsequently she made a tour of Europe for n year with her parents, and leturned to niako her debut Inst season. Her entrance Into society was made the occasion of a hall, given by her parents, at which Miss Hwing commanded immediate admiration, not women, , onV f01. jlor ije;mty, hut for her brlght tho very , .,(.,. n,i nil i-:irt lvfii(M. nf manner. She n i,i0nito. short of stature, and with beautiful llmire. Her complexion Is pure pink and white and she has a mass of waving blond hair. Miss .Julia Smith, of Cincinnati, Is ono of the prettiest girls on Walnut J). -.:.S MRS. H. C. TAYLOR. Hill, and has a host of admiring friends, She Is the daughter of Daniel T. Smith, and resides In ono of tho many elegant residences on Grand street, Miss Smith Is a graduate of St. Iiar- STEEL UNITED STATES Speed, 13.0 knots. Dimensions Length on water line, 250 feet; beam, 09 feet; draft, 15 feet l inches; ills- nlacenient. 4.081 tons. Two propellers, 1 driven by vertical triple expansion en- KnCH. Horse power, 5,211. Coal en- 1 r: bluo that lias inspired many a pen io poesy, nnd her sweet face Is framed with a wealth of golden hnlr. Miss Smith has traveled much In the Hast and has made nn especial study of tho art of pnlntlng. Sho Is vcr clever ' with tho brush, and sho speaks French iluently. Rumors of her engagement to a prominent young business man of Cincinnati aio abroad, but tho lovers have not yet mado tho interesting an nouncement. A Knncknr ol Until. At Ottford, In Kent, thero was for merly a palaco of the archbishops of Canterbury. Wolsoy Is said to hav held bis court there. It was but a small place, nnd Is now a farm houso, plcturesquo enough, and olden, but ex- for about tho house, and, among other things, in iiioml tho knocker, ino innn iook It off and said, after a closo examina tion of it: "Do you know what this knocker Is made of?" "Why, brass, I ' miniinso." "No. it Is puro gold." And jt w-ns. Think of tho years that that ( rCu 1)rZ0 has hung at tho mercy of eVory tramp! A parallel caso Is that ' 0f tho great globes on tho pillars of ' tho summer palace gates nt Peking, which "tho barbarians," both French nnd Kngllsh, concluded to bo of somo unso metal and loft them untouchod. . Aud thoy, too, were solid gold. Vanity speaks for Itself, v vL 1 SOME IUCIL WIDOWS. NEW YORK THE MECCA FOR MANY OF THEM. Mint of Tliem Ntmtiiln Niliiirrun Clmrl Urn A Yvvi of Them Aro Yon lie nml I.uvWjf with Dolliiri on All Mile, of TIiuiii. (New York Letter.) .; HIS city must bo a j1 " 'lrjh Rood place for wid- fcJOO- VfciWw Judge by tho niini- V,."-lWw Iipvs who C0H1P viOSLC'S from all io liolnts of r?i8&y the compass to this great cosmopolitan city. The widow ers aro almost r n unknown iiuantlty. Old men me scarce as hen's tooth and thlB leads one to be lieve that good old husbands and fath ers, In their effort to provide choice food, goodly raiment and an occasional duko or prince for their womankind, wear themselves out, body and soul, early In the fray nnd when they reach I utlililln mm ..nliitlv luttnltn thomsot VOS .......... H' v.. ....... ... .... - - to a land where there Is no more work. Kxtieiuos meet In New York and tho richest widow in the land lives Just llvo blocks from the poorest widow I ever heard of. There may bo poorer In the world but If theie aro 1 should hato to know about It. To Mrs. William 11. V.inderbllt Is ac credited the glory of owning more money than any other widow in town. She has eight sons nnd daughtera and their wealth combined exceeds $300, 000,000. In her own right bIio has an Immense fortune, which Is to go some day to her youngest and favorite child, George Vandorbllt. Mrs. Klllott F. Shopard. Mrs. Vander bllfs eldest daughter, has been a widow for three years. She lives In one corner of tho great Vanderbllt mansion on Gth avenue, extending from Gist to G2d street. Mrs. Shopard has moro than $20,000. 000 and the best portion of her Income Is spent in the splendid charities origi nated and operated by tho Vanderbllt family. Her especial pride Is the Mar- COAST DEFENSE VESSEL, MONITOR TYPE, MONTEREY. Jvt T pacify, 23C tons. Armor Sides, 13 Inches; turrets, forward, 8 inches; aft, 7. inches; barbettes, forward, 11 Inches; aft, 11A Inches. Armament .Main unttery, two 12-Inch rules; sec- ondaQ- battery, six 0-pound rnpld llro garet Louise home, which she hns given to tho Bolf-sustalnlng women and girls of tho country. Mrs. Harry Lo Grand Cannon Is tho youngest of all tho society widows. Sho Is only 2S nnd Is as fair to look upon ns when, llvo years ago, she camo from tho west and won tho heart of tho popular young cotillon leader. Mrs. Cannon wns Miss Kllzabeth Thompson nnd sho Inherited n good many millions from tho Urush estate of electric light fame. Just ii few blocks up Gth avenue from Airs, Cannon's artistic homo lives tho :mw ' . .Lj'"fcJ7 r KXISt fiiffu muz i " Y 1 'll h m -I il MRS. LI2 GRAND CANNON, handsomest widow In Now York so ciety, Mrs. Snmuol Colgato, who was Cora Smith of Now Orleans. Mrs. Col gato Is tall, Blonder nnd graceful, with an exquisitely modeled head and a faco good to look upon, Sho hns not long passed 30 and has $8,000,000 to ndd to tho fortune of her beautiful face. Mrs, Word McAllister will continue to make her homo In this .busy city but fow will bonoflt by her presonco, for hers la ono of tho faces wo never see. L jf-x xiS! i5tA ') r ..v 'si i P7 She has long been an Invalid and novcr accompanied Mr. McAllister Into the r.oclnl life which was so much a part of his very existence. Miss Loulso McAl lister took her mother's place and en- I tertalned for her father and was always j his companion and chum. Mrs. William Astor Is ono of tho rich- . est widows In America. She lias Just j moved Into the magnificent palace her I i. ..ii. r.i i... ! Pllll 1)11111 on l it'l otii mi-liuv. .win. Astor Is rich In houses. She owns one In Paris, where she spends the spring months; a palace at Newport for July nnd August and "Ferncllffo," the coun try home at Rhlnebeck, on the Hudson, which she visits In the early autumn, returning to her New York home when the horse show sets the social ball roll ing In November of every year. Mrs. Klngdon. the mother of Mrs. George J. Gould; Mrs. Hrockholst Cut ting. Mrs. Jaseph W. Drexel and Mrs. l"i oil Wilson, Freddie Gobhordt's sister, uio a group of women with dollars to right of them, dollars to left of them and dolnrs Just all around them. They have a good time In their own peculiar way. Mrs. Klngduu seems to llud her great- 25? Jr .0!h (yj MRS. SAML'HL- COLGATK. est happiness In the royal good tlnio her daughter, Mrs. Gould, manages to have. Mrs. Cutting Is entirely devoted to her two sons, Hrockle and Winkle. Mrs. Drexel Is a superb musician, with three daughters who aro adepts on tho harp and piano. The musicals Mrs. Drexel gives In her splendid home on guns. Crew, 19 officers, 172 men. liullt by Union Iron works, San Fran cisco, Cal. Keel laid In 1889; launched April 28, 1801. Went Into commission Fob. 13, ISM. hlie is now uoing uuiy with tho North Atlantic squadron. Madison avenue are world famous. Two of tho most Interesting widows In New York aro Mrs. Ulysses Grant, wifo of tho groat northern leader, and Mrs. Jefferson Davis, wifo of tho presi dent of tho confederate states. Mrs. Grant owns a magnificent homo on tho fnshlonnblo west side, near Riverside park. Tho halls, parlors and libraries aro filled with reminders of tho dis tinguished general. There aro battlo pictures hung with tnttered old Hags, busts In bronze and marble nnd wondor f u I gifts from all sorts ami conditions of people. Mrs. Davis lives with hor daughter, Miss Winnie Davis, at ono of the fash ionable hotels on Gth avenuo. Hero sho receives with old-fashioned southern hospitality tho flowor of northern and southern chivalry. It seems strnngo that theso two women, whom the wnr left In such widely different spheros, ono tho wifo of tho conqueror, tho othor tho wifo of the conquered, should come after long years from tho west and tho south to llvo In Now York. Strangest of nil Is tho fact that thoy aro warm personal friends nnd spend much of their tlmo together. GKORGIA W. GIII3NT. - - !"1'1 Al ,,"",, ',,1,l,r tiiiin. A collar button of gold aluminum Is being placed on tho market. It is mado out of ono pleco of metal (no solder be- lug used), and Is wnrranted not to bend or break. It takes a motal expert to tell tho illfforonco between tho button and a gcuuluo gold one, and tl- gold aluminum button Is guaranteed not to blacken linen. Tho button Is made by a machine nnd passes through nlno different notions beforo finished, A nephow of Stonowall Jackson has offered to glvo thirty acres of land In Randolph county, W. Va., fw a Con-" fedcrato eoldlers' hor j ww-W jp-1 14 f ri --. - - FA KM. AND GARDEN. MATTERS OF INTEREST TO AGRICULTURISTS. Kiinin t'lii.Mtn Hint. Admit Ciilllvrk tlon of ttm Soil ml tli'liU Tlirroiif llnrllrulttiri', lthtilturn itiul I'lurl culture j) Y7 A VI NO to depend ll I entirely In aiieul- W.yA lure on the success or pinius in mi MT llii.l to furnish human food and animal fodder, the 'A?i- y; .. tm yj fanner should nu ll erst a u d how plants grow. The seed, In a favorable condition of the Roll, put- Its root downward, to bear fruit upward later on. Tho brut condition demands humus to make plant llesh. mineral mat ter, to furnish llbre. gla.lng and tubing to retain solids In solution, and carry in water all particles that are requisite and necessary to their own places In the plain slriuiutes, drawn by the rajs of the sun. Heme the llrst law given to man by Moses, In Genesis: "Let the earth bring forth grass. iii?rh be.uing heed (weeds), trees bearing fruit, wlmse seed Is in Itself." It was so, and God saw It was good. "Nature absorbs a vacuum." Animals hate bare I ground. Many farmers believe that plants lueathe. They cannot without lungs. To respire, to Inhale and exhale air. homo to live. The action of suu shlno on the leaves of plants Is to draw inolstuie out of them, through tho plant's structure, dlreotly fiom the soil. During the past summer, hundreds of trees on our farms, In shallow soils, dried up, and died for lack of moisture In tho earth, within tho reach of their roots. In the dry countries of Iowa tho meadows and pastuie.i now aro very bare ground. Hence hnlt tho number of cattle for the next summer pasture will bo the wisest policy for prolltable results. "Grnss enough for two cows, but ono cow on." In evergieen and deiiduoii'i trees, tho leaves that lack sunshine soon die. A picket fence will destroy plant leave.i and branches In its shadow. During tho patt summer In sunshlno with moisture the plant growthB were prolific. On the lawn, nil trees overshadowed In part, all day long, tho shaded part died, while those parts shone on nt somo time in Mie dny lived and made a healthy growth. Tho mm can draw moisture out of plants, but never drive it Into them. Richard Uaker. l'itHturi'4. I have several pastures of flvo acres to 200 acres. I keep no certain number in each pasture, but change according to season nnd tho amount of stock on hand. Usunlly try to keep each kind of stock by Itself, nnd chango about so ns to glvo a variety of feed. Some times have to keep horses, sheep and cattle in same pastures, but think horses and sheep do best, and cattle with hogs If necessary to mix them. Cattlo do not do well with sheep, nor horses with hogs. Part of my pastures aro wild grass, part aro fed into June and blue-grass, ami part aro old tim othy meadows run Into June grass. Tamo pastures are black loam nnd sandy with clay subsoil. Wild pastures aro mucky loam. Often feed cows fod der, straw and damaged hay on pas tures near barns. Sometimes put barn yard inanuro on pasture If no other placo Is available. Like both trees and sheds In pasture and barns for winter. JIiivo no ponds, but running stream In open ditches and windmills with tanks. Am compelled to have both tllo and open ditches. Prefer tile. Would sow so vera I kinds of those adapted to soil nnd climate. Have some rail, some llvo board, some barb-wiro and some woven wire. Prefer woven wire flvo feet high. O. Dinwiddle, Lnke Co., Ind. IlllnoM llortlrultiiriil Conti'litlon. (From Farmers' Rovlow.) Tho fourteenth annual convention of tho Illinois Horticultural society was held at Kankakee recently. In reviewing tho fruit lists for Illinois a discussion nroso on the pro tection of fruit trees from rodents. Va rious mothoils wcro advocated, among them being fish oil nnd nxlo grease. Thero was, however, danger ot using these too much, especlnlly on young trees. Instances wero given where such treatment had resulted in tho death of tho trees. Trees ten years old would not bo harmed by tho treat ment. An npplo grower said ho know of nn orchard of 2.000 young trees thnt had been killed by using too much nil. Mr. Williams hml been using for twelvo years a paint mndo of soap, tar, sulphur and lime. Ho put It on tho trees with a common paint brush. It makes a thorough glazo and will destroy every Insect. Ho believes nso that this paint has tho tendency to protect from suu-senh). Tho littlo limo In It, when tho dry weather comes, turns tho mass to a grayish color that throws off tho rays of tho sun nnd thus keeps tho bark i o tree- rrom cracking. I 0ll 1!l'1 that had tried tarred piper ! thought thero was great danger from I using this, as it was. not taken off early enough In tho spring, In wfllch caso tn tlir from tll ,,,,,,,. worIH IU0 trro i tree. Ilo hnd triciV miner made, out of felt, nnd un tarred, and iind,thlH to work very well, If It woro luit tnkon off early enous(l Jn tho season: llo now uses Mrohg muslin, putting It gn every fall nnd taking it off overy spring. Ho had tried this now for threo years. Mr, llurnhnrdt expressed himself ns rertnln that tho rabbits would, lot tho trees nlono if they only hnd enough-Df-other things to eaf. He had been sot Ucg.ptjt trees for twopty-flvo yenra and had novcr had any trouble from rabbits.- Rut thero had iilwayjt lepninVt ula- placo somo brushwood or trees for thorn to work on. ..Tlio.acattorlnt; ot some kind of grnlfi.nn tho . ground, would serve to keep them away from the trees. t Mr. Augustine suggested thnt thero must lie ilirreicnt varieties of wild rab bits, for the hind that lived liVhls vkin., Ity began to gnaw tho tie'es as early a. July. '.'' Mr. Gilbert protects hla trcrsjty uMnfif j. only common wrapping paper, such a c can be obtained In any grocery or dry goods titore. He team these papers Into strips eight Indies vdi TJiese ho wraps around the tree on the li'lasl'lic ginning near the gtotttid, nnd stopping -twenty Inches nboJ t, where lie tte.i ' tho paper. ', , ... r A discussion arose on the yajuo ot ' tho yellow transparent lor 'commercial orclinrdn. Somo belle ed 'll ii'-mistako to plant largely of this variety on ac count of its pilor Scoping -qualities. However, when in good, idiYipeV't "ells readily, and" men rrom Stnrtlujru Illi nois expressed great f:Jlth in Us com mercial value. Much time was devoted tothe discus sion of the ellkicnoy of spraying, nnd sueeoh-ies mid 'failures weie reported. The prevailing opinion was that tho failures were il'uo to igiio'r'a'ncu In do ing tho work. tjuestlon. How many have experN fieiited with spraying mixtures? Twentj -seven replied alllrniatlvcly. Question.-How many recommend sprax lug? Tlilrly-llve votea were east for It, and none against it. The growing of small fruits was dis cussed, and the growing of strawberries! in hills entno up. Whllo hill culturo gives large, tlno berries, yet grower. on a large scale do not follow It, a& It docs not pay for the extra, trouble. Tho question of fertilizers was dis cussed at length. Tho most Impor tant point developed wns that the ex tensive use of barnyard manui'e mado It possible for tho soil to uso a greater mass of chemical fertilizers than it It worn not used nt nil. Thus in tho neighborhood of largo cities the market gardeners aro enahled to uso Immense quautltlea of commercial fertilizers be cause they ulso uso Immense quantities of barnyard manure. Mr. Morrill, of Michigan, spoke on the marketing of fruit. The first requisite Is to hao something desirable to mar ket. He could not tell a man how to market undesirable fruit. The great necessity with farmers Is to learn how to co-operate In the sale of goods, Tho co-operative organizations hnvo largely failed for tho reason that there seemed n jealousy against any man being paid to look after tho work. He believed tho time to bo approaching when farm ers would uso more busltiess-liko methods. J 1 ho superintendent of tho insane nsy. lum nt Kankakee spoke on tho great success of Irrigation at that place. Tho water for the Irrigation works la pumped by steam engines that can sup ply from 100,000 to 200,000 gallons per dny. The cost for this pumping Is only three-tenths of n cent per thousand gallons. During tho last season they had raised vegetables worth over $0,000, Uy a vote of tho society the life mom. bershlp feo was reduced from ?20 to $5. The election of ofllcers resulted In tho following choice: President, Mr. Good rich; vlco'presldent, Loin Small; sec lotary, II. M. Dunlap; treasurer, Ar thur ilryaut. Tho next mutual meeting will bo held at Springfield. William Gould epoko on the culti vation of grapes. Ho plants SxS or 7xU, which gives about 700 vines to tho acre. Sulphur for Sheep. Tho American Sheep Ilreodor says: Whllo sulphur Is indispensable for sheep, us furnishing one of tho Important clcmcuta of tho fleece, It must be given In such a way as to be uvnllahle for this purpose. It must be In tho food. It cannot bo given In the crude form, In which it Is not a food, but an active medicine, producing a Inxatlvo action on the bowels and an excessivo excretion through the skin. It Is this which makes it useful as an nutldoto to nil kinds of parasites, the sulphur thus passing through tho skin being extremely offensive to all liu sects. Hut its action on the skin is to open the pores and thus niako tiio ani mal moro subject to changes of the weather, nnd especlnlly to Injury by rains. It is thus not deslrablo to give sulphur ns food or nutriment except In tho food, such ns whlto mustard or nny oilier plant of tho turnip anil cab bage tribe. Transplant IngLnrge Trees. Garden ing given this method, nnd wo can cer tify to Its being iigoml ono: Wo prefer doing this In the spring, nnd would pre pare for It now. If you want to movo ,u moderately largo tree, say four, llvo or oven six Inches In diameter of trunk, nnxt spring, head in Its top now all you think ought to be done nt planting time, then mark a ring on tho ground around and four, live, six or moro foot nvny from the stem, tho dlstnuco away , depending on the slzo of the tree. Now, along, but outside ot this ring murk, dig n narrow trench say threo fcot deep, tho object being' to cut away nil roots projecting beyond it, nnd 111! up tho.treuch at pace wltli tho saino noil that came out of' It. Uy spring tho trco will hnvo fairly recovered from tho slyock caused by cutting in root nnd top, nnd may be dug up ami transplanted witli fair chances of success. . t Aniour lhi Ing Corn. J't'.D. Armmir, the1 nilllldnalro packer, is making ijr rangemouts to crib an enormous amount of corn In Iowa this year.! He Ljsjihlrltj; cribs tiU. alon-Ow-Chl- cngp, MUwmiKt'O & at. pain roau auu. 'has arrah'ged with tho Dcs Moines; Northern nnd Westorn railway com pany to construct nlong their lino of afl "?iftfa which -will hold-. ?50,0,P biiBueJs.of, corn. Tho road already has crlbS with u cnpaqlty of. l,pOj',00 Jjushels.rEx. it ""'y',iir..V 5jm. r'fdgssft. .-.: aa.r...r..?tjaE.i. w "otTON, JIln. 58 O"o of tho !.. T E. .Wjw. -John r c I -vit i IIM fn-L "'!": nn n