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A QUEER IOWA TOWN.
ti VILLAGE WHERE CHURCH-GOING
IS UNKNOWN.
Yri'c lliltiMiib" lnliililt:uit Arc tin-iit
l.mrn tit lug-riiiU- MMtiry if Hie
Strann CtiiMiiuulty Mini It Mumli-r
Not Muiti I'l-ogi-iM.
Ottumwa (In.) Loiter.
1IMIII1 !. I
fV-
JICIW. IH II hlllilll
,-.t
m
lUWil HllUilU'll 111
A nv iWJr: vvapeuo loamy
Ar vJaltS,. HiU suite tnllci
C?i'.,V" Wfb Edtl.vvillo. mill U
aV Wapello i o mity.
i'l
Vrf Edtl.v villi', mul Us
;JL fr Inhabitants a .o
probably inoir con
spicuous In their
peculiar in a n n o r
than thi).-e of any
other town on the
w
lace of the globe.
Among other ehniacterlslles they ro
'uso to believe In the existence of Hod
sr hell, decline to lake an oath or at
nul a church service. Evangelists have
i.vnded the town and labored for weeks
without gaining n tingle convert, but
p lion Robert (!. lngersoll is aiuioiinced
'o lecture the entire nialo population
'limn out, laying aside every other duty.
Years ago the place was a thriving vll
lajjc, but the tide of fortune turned,
w w mm:
M'tiXni m
n't. .m v h ;,'.
1 'I 111 1 .! Vi
1Z
y.vYou w. p. heoderick.
caving the inhabitants with nothing
but their empty stores and wood-ln-lefted
HtrcetH.
Tho town derived in name from Its
founder, Wlllnni Eddy, who, in an early
day, loni; before the time when tho
v. hito man intruded upon the broad do
main of tliti American Indian, con
ducted an Indian agency at that point,
i:.d by "olrlc.t economy and close at
tention to business" manured to Have
from the profits on the sale of "lire
v.itcr" and red llaunel enough to live
oi. In retirement during the roniaindei
of hlu life.
.Mr. Kddy, although an Indian trader,
whose life had been spent on the fron
tier, was norm the less a shrewd busi
ness mnn, and when the intruder.-. Horn
east of the father of water.! made tiuir
llrst appearance on Iowa soil, and as
.oon as the treaty with the Indians vvaj
i ampleted, ho entered an eighty acre
tract of laud, laid it out In town lots
ami Immortalized himself by naming
tho prospective town Eddyville. A
tewn at once sprung up niushrooin
llkc and as the question of transpor
tation became one of vast Importance
necessity solved the problem and
steamboats of small dimensions wero
constructed ami launched, and about
half tho year, when the water was high
enough to float them, plied between
Keokuk and Eddyvlllo.
It was during this period in tlio hi:;
lory of Eddyvlllo that a few of tho sur-
Ivors, nlthough old In years and ox-
eedlngly musty in enterprise, love U.
tell of, as they occupy their favorite
position, behind Iho stove In a grocery
store, or, If tho weather bo line,
mounted nstrldo a dry goods box, with
a big Jack knife In hand, whittling as
they manlpulato a good sized wad of
"long green" tobacco. The:?v pioneers
never tiro of telling of tho good old
I'ayB when tho "Maria" or the "Kler
queen" mado their trips to Uddyvlllo
in the ante-bellum days.
Another great Incident In the history
o" the town was tho high water of 1S51.
No two of tho persons now living can
agree an to JiiFt how high it was, but
they all agrco that the Oes Moines river
at that tlmo was higher than It over has
. been since, or over will bo.
i ""The year 18U1 marked another innor-
t$?
VJL
Kn
S
V
W. C ItOSS.
(A Citizen of Eddyvlllo.)
lant epoch In tho town's history. At
that tlmo tho Dos Moines Valloy rail
way was completed to that point and
Eddyvlllo remained tho tormlnua for
lirco years, during which tlmo tho
n
Wn enjoyed a genulno boom. In 18GI
ho road was pushed on further west
this was tho beginning of tho end
V
7f W
va ,' hm$ - k &
mmm& ,41 mm?
"m-1ih
k i
IEKI'4 Vl-""
tf-mssik
'prise.
ou times for tho town. Krom fchnt
tho town went bnckwnrd and thoro
m imot
J m period of twenty years Hint thcro
Inni n limiKA Imlll or even re.
fililngld. Hopees by tno Fcoro actually
rotted down and many families moved
cut of their dwellings nt 1 left them to
tin mercy of the devour lug elements.
Kdtlyvllle Is nestled beneath a huge
rand hill which lovers heavenward on
Hit east, and which halllrd "old Sol" in
Int. attempts to arouse tli.' citizens at a
rtasonably e.ul.v hour In Hie inurnltig.
Along the western edge of the town
Hows the Hen .Moines river, the waters
of whh it Mole gently by, reemlng to
understand that It was a part of their
mission to go' be.vond the limits of tho
town without disturbing the population,
li wan during tills ciate of lethargy Into
which the people had fallen that theio
appeared upon the scene a tempter and
an Incident similar to that In tho
garden of Eden occurred.
While the people weie thus wlilllng
away their time there sprung up In
their midst a few followers of the myth
leal gods, calling thenifelves fiee
thinkers. Tlie.se missionaries spread
tlitlr gospel In every conceivable way
and their efforts to obtain converts
v.eie liberally iiuv.irded. As tlmo wore
on their numbers Increaucd and they
formed themselves into an association
and held meetings at tho houses of
thoco who were In tho faith, and many
wero the tales of weird scenes of tlioso
who formed the mysterious midnight
gatherings.
They were known as free thinkers,
.Spiritualists, atheists and followem of
their Ideal gods, Palno and lngersoll.
It mattered but llttlo to theso people
what the other fellow said, they went
right along witli their work, spreading
their gospel and holding their myster
ious meetings. These men as a rule
mamiged to get at the head of affairs
and city olllcors-eloct have been known
to refuse to take the ordinary oath of
olllee because it contained the sentance
"So help me (5od."
At the present time fully two-thirds
of the business men of the town uro un
btllevers In anything regarding heaven,
hell or the llible. Eddy ville has a popu
lation of l.."H0; there are seven church
buildings In the town and they aro kept
up by the women, who mako up tho
major part of the various congregations.
P hi a rare thing to see a business mnn
at ehurcli. with the exception oT a very
few, who aro regular attendants.
No longer ago thnn tho last summer
Hilly Sunday, the noted evangelist, held
a series of meetings there, lasting an
entire week, ami ho failed to get a
ilnglo convert. Sunday remarked that
li had never before lu all his career as
an evangelist preached In a town with
a.. llttlo success.
At another tlmo an evangelist who
ban since become somewhat noted
dropped into town, ami after failing to
iiKilfo an Impression on tho people in a
religious way. ho organized a young
Indies' athletic club, ho taking the part
of instructor.
This, however, was not a success, as
Ills meetings wi'io disturbed nightly,
n'liil filially broken up by a crowd of
men and boys, each of whom carried a
drum or tin pan. and the gymnast wn?
-TMJv
X - -V: J."
JSiJ
. "ra w
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1
1
rfSr-
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teeter S?i
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WILLIAM COWLEY.
(Justlco of tho Peace.)
compelled to flco tho town. These aro
but a few of the Incidents that have
occurred to break tho monotony of
things in Eddyville. If Uev. Mr. Tal
mr.go wire to preach In Eddyvlllo his
auditors would be women; If Itobort
lngersoll. then the men would turn out
en masse, but on no other occasion
could they be Induced to leavo their
lavorlto haunts.
Political lines aro also drawn tighter
In Eddyvlllo than nt any other place on
eaith. A minister who had preached
ralvatinn for six years at $u00 per year
wun asked to resign becauso ho ex
ptessed a desire to vote for candidates
oi both tickets. It has been said that
there aro but two exciting days during
the year at Eddyville, and that they aro
election dny and when tho Ico goes out.
There aro gambling dons In tho town
lu various places, whero tho youth of
lender age can play his pennies, as well
ns tho gray beard his dollars. Vice has
an almost uninterrupted reign.
Hut a chango Is coming over tho wn
and now blood Is taking tho place of
old; a spirit of enterprise is noticeable
on overy hand. Old fogylsm Is being
replaced by young American enterprise,
and n remarkable chango has been tho
i emit. Mnro Improvement has been
nmdo within tho past two years than
thcro was in thirty years prior to that
time. In tho hands of young men with
modern Ideas Eddyvlllo can becomo ono
of tho most flourishing Inland towim of
Iowa, but It will always occupy n prom
inent place In history on account of tho
past.
Mayor Ilroderlcl: is foremnn of tho
Wapollo county grand Jury, nnd last
week when Colonel Itobort O. lngersoll
lectured here on "Tho Foundation of
Pnlth" Mr. Ilroderlcl: adjourned tho
body in order that ho might hear tho
lecture. Ho Is a pronounced believer lu
Ingersolllstii nnd carries tho teachings
Into his everyday llfo.
Nljnl Novgorod's exhibition next
,venr is to bo a national ono of Hussinn
products alone. It will bo opened soon
after tho cznr'a coronation at Moscow,
- t W - tlCI'
lUCIv TO T1IU RTAfiK.
LDWAPD GORDON LAWRENCE
AND HIS NEW PLAY.
1 sir In "I'nr Hit Snk" XA'rltti'n liy
llliiKclf Murj of Uh l.'ilnit-H In Mm
I'll !il-.f Dmiiuitli' Ail U l'.ii't !il
to Mukn a "lilt."
DW1N GORDON
Lawience, the act
or, was born Nov. 1,
IS.V.i. at Philadel
phia. Pa. He grad
uated from the
Friends' School In
that city when six
teen earn of age.
a n d commenced
shortly ufier.vards
to usii.it his father,
Piofespor Philip Lawrence, as an
Instructor In the Lawrence School
of Acting, which was originally
in Philadelphia, but removed to
New York In 1S7L'. At the age of
nineteen he commenced practical mage
work an a member of Steele Mackaje'ti
"Queen and Woman" company, nnd
Inter followed that actor to the Madison
Squat e Theater, as treasurer of the
bouse. On Mr. Maekaye'n retiring from
the management ho went with him as
his private secretary, in the fall of
LSS1 he arranged with T. II. French to
take the I'nlun Square Theater success,
"Tho Danlcheffs," on the road, and
toured with It through the country,
playing the character of Iaip. In which
l.c met with considerable success. In
the summer of 1SS-' his father died, ami
hr. retired from the stage to take charge
of the school, to which ho has since de
vctcd his entire attention, appearing
only nt benellts and special perform
ances. In conjunction with his father
lie wrote the "Lawronco Reciter," and
he recently Issued his own work, "Sim
plified Elocution," a work which has
bten very strongly endorsed as a valu
ablo nld to both students and teachers.
Mr. Lawrence will return to tho stage
next season, when ho will produce a ro
mantic Russian drama, entitled "For
Her Sake." Ho will begin his tour lit
tho Leland Opera House, Albany, N. V.
He has been favorably known for many
years as a teacher or elocution and In
structor In dramatic art, and his skill in
this direction, lidded to his early ex
perience upon tho stage, affords Htroug
foundation for his hopes or success.
TALK WITH SAVILLE.
Tlin llcnnllfill Aiui'rli-aii Ctrl Willi
Him
Trliiniln'cl lu Purl..
"Enlriz!" or rather "eonio In," tho
latter with tho slightest of foreign ac
cratB, and Mndamo Frances Savlllo
iIf.cs from tho piano and lnughs mor
rlly ns sho shakes hands. Francos Sa
ville, tho adored Travlata of tho Paris
ians, tho Juliette, who a few vveoks pre
vious stood boforo a vast audience at tho
,'Petrppolltati Opera House, Now York,
friendless unit comparatively unknown,
tnd hnd by tho sheer forco of her sil
very voice, Inimitable art, and that
Eonicthlng moro which means "I con
quer whero I will," unlocked tho
enlhusliism of a strange audience, lias
a puzzling face. As sho stood up to ro
telvo me, a lingo bnsUet of yollow
chrysanthemums on tho piano behind
her form a background ngalnst which
her fnco and ilguro arc outlined. Sho
is not very tall, but slight, supple, nnd
upright. Tho small shapely head is
thrown back n trlflo defiantly, so I
thought at llrst, but 1 afterward learned
that it was tho natural nttltudo of a
bravo, fearless womnn. "I think I am
ccuragcous," sho said, later on, "I fear
lo undertake nothing, nnd when I un
dertake, 1 succeed. I novor hnd a horso
1 could not conquer, and 1 rldo liko n
bushranger." And then tho faco which
1 ml grown strong and nuiEterful breaks
Into ripples. "You hnvo a very pretty
dimple," I remark somewhat Impul
sively. "Ono! I hnvo two that I know
am I not right?" and oho laugha
ocniu, this time at hersolf, lor Mine,
-i fiirfv.n.1. -
7W
w, -: iwm7:mmwmmmj;M,
FRANCES SA VILLE.
mcKed." . . .
Ravllle lias a keen sense of humor and
posscFiM the raie talent of enjoxlng a!
eood laugh at her own expense. It Is an
tasy matter lo feel at home with the
great prima donna, and we sit together
and talk like old rricmU She Is. above
all. slinp.itica. Ilir face has u French '
iiiMc. ami she speaks, as noted be
fere, with a slight acient. "I am only
half Fiench." she confesses, and then:
she adds prouillj, "I am an American,
leally. I was born la California, al
though 1 passed many e.irn of my life
in Australia. It wan there 1 learned to1
lovo outdoor sports. I rhoot. I swim, I
hunt-" "and ride the blcyile," whk !
suggested. I
"No. Imbed! Ah, If a woman could
see her bin k as she rides u bicycle. It '
would cure her." An she speaks the,
corners of her lips twitch lnininiously, '
and she throws her head back some-1
thing after th manner of a young Bleed ,
ncenllng the air. Her head Is crowned
by a wealth of golden brown hair that
r.eiins almost too great a load to carry.
I glance at a beautiful portrait of .lull
rtte nwakenii.g fioiu her shop In the
ault; the heavy tresses h.inglug in'
disorder almost sweep the ground.
With a quick Interpretation she an-'
swers my unspoken question. "Yes, all
mine, unit a terrible burden," and then '
the proceeds to relate a tale of the llrsl '
and onl. time she wore a wig. "Such a
leautlful golden wig for Marguerite. I '
admired myself In my long braids, and '
I was very happy. Rut after the opera
the Impie.vsarln came to me ami cried: !
'What hae ou on your hend".' Take It
off; take it olT. It Is horrible!' I took
oft' my beautiful ;oldeu wig, nnd never '
rlneo have 1 worn one." One cannot
give the Inimitable manner in which
Savlllo tells a little story against her-,
self. Hoi; lips have a variety of ex-,CilHt Ho Hav Mu.y ,CilI1 Wgt ,,v WCHt
presslons. and tho fascinating dimples wlmlHt , cIalm t0 ,nvo .,. muollIll ot
give them an Infantile sweetness, but , nrltlonco In our towtiHlilp tlint tlioy loan
as sho sits opposite to me, her eyes look' nortla,aHt ftIU, m)l from 0 Umn of
at mo with an Intense steadfastness of wIll fron lllu K0lhwi.Et. but from tho
1,020 that Is almost embarrassing. They direct rays or tho sun. This I reported
are the eyes or an artist, deep, passion- ixi 0UP )0()lt rent)rt of 187s Wheil t,V(Ty.
ate. penetrating, seeming to dilate and i,0(ly ci;,im.,i tu3 leaning was caused
change color ns sho speaks. Sonic-, ,y t, fcol,thwest winds I look a bold
times blue, then hazel, then nt times, ' !tnn(1 then nnd was consldored much he
when i -eply moved, almost black. I hi,i0 myself bv mv best friends, who
When s'ao dwells on her art nhe becomes
very grave and earnest. It was only
thteo years ago that sho mado her de
but as Jullctto at tho Theatre do la
Monna!. In Hrussols, nnd theso threo
years of phenomenal cucccfs In all tho
neat capitals of Europo wtro preceded
by a long apprenticeship oMiard study,
' I ovvo bo much to my dear piorosaor,
Mine. Jlarchcsl. See, I havo her pic
tures about me. This one was given to'
me tho day or my debut In llrussels, '
and this Just before I started for Atner-'
lea. She writes on It that sho wishes
mo grand success. Sho will bo glad to
know that tho deer American pcoplo
-rvo given mo so beautiful a welcome. '
Ah! thev havo mado mo very happy."
I caught tho signs of tears on tho long, ration let him go about nnd evunlne nnd
curling lashes. And ngaln tho quick, h will bo most thoroughly convinced
"Why do 1 cry? you ask, llecauso I am by his own convictions. I do not say
happy, nnd nn artist is always n bundlo tho southwest winds never set tho trees
of nerves. No, I never cry before I ap-, over to tho northeast. Tho wind does
pear on the stage. I do not eat or sloop, this sometimes, but not any of tenor than
but cry? No. Ono must bo courageous; tlioy aro set over to tho southeast by
one must resolve not to fall. After-, tho northwest wind. These uro excep
varil, when tho curtain Is down, and It , tions to tho general rule.
Is all over, e'est flnl. Then sometimes i havo found trees leaning in every
I cry, and It docs mo good. In ono'a ' conceivable direction. Rut ns u rule
homo it makes no difference. And my tlioy lonu and grow to tho northeast,
rocms aro my home. Do they not look , Tho tlmo was when this tnlk was called
pretty nnd homellko? I put my be
longings about mo, my piano, my books,
my pictures, nnd behold, it is homo
nnywhere!"
rilaxi' Nnti-K. "
P.ril Hourgot Is writing a ono-act
piny lu prose for tho Comedlo Frnn-
calso. Tho tltlo Is "Tho Screen."
Shakespearo Is so popular In Italy
that a sanguine Italian actor announces
"Hnmlot" Is nlmost suro of a success.
Though a inlluro in Chrlstlanla and
Copenhagen, "Tho Second Mrs. Tan -
qucray" has been successful at Stock
holm.
Herr Sttdermnnn's lnt-st play, "Hap-1
piness In a Corner" (Oluclt im Wlnkel).
mis just ucen prouueeu at tne uurg
theater. Vienna.
, aiMlMU
'r "irne disc
eAA - - I .MMVK.
".uvurv Of KlnT
lito AND (UIM)BN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST
AGRICULTURISTS.
TO
Smile l'.iin.lle ItlllM Aliimt Ctlltlvi
linn of t til hull 'inil MrliN i lictiel
Horticulture, Mil iillitrii mul I'li.rl-
iilliue.
ISCFSSINO recent
ly the relative p. ti
nt of grain ami
grass In England,
the Lhe Stock
Journal statea au n
fact that the laud
lu question -a patt
of Lord Leicester's
estate Is allied nt
an annual rental of
"no more than V
acie tithe free, at
time." This would
an acre, with local
the landlord. If this
nhlllluga an
the present
be only $1.75
taxes paid by
Is anything near a fair sample of
English rents for averaging fanning,
It would nt em to leave a fair margin for
tho i enter. It would bo comildeted a
very low tout for good land in this part
of Ontario; and our best land, well
cultivated, on shares, will pay the own
er several times that much.
One trouble with Engllhh farming Is
that the methods mo antiquated and
th expenses too gieal. Tho results
aro good, so far as lold Is concerned
much better than the average In On
tarlo but tho labor bill lu propor
tionally higher. While labor Is cbhe.xp.
(T tliero, the labor cent or a bushel of
wheat, or u ton or hav. or a pound
of butter Is more lu England than In
tnlii country. We don t produce fo
much per uere; but wo produce more
probably two or three times as much
per hand. Hero la where tho English
farmer Is h.-uiillcapped much more
than in the rent he pays. It
is a mailer or regret that It Is no. Eng
lish fnrmlii); should be n verv at
tractive btisiucFtss. with ix rensoa ible
margin or piollt. It gives employment
nnd support to n much larger popula
tion proportionately than out ; and a
better support to or at least a nunc
dignified and more leisurely llfo tor
the farmer himself than In any other
country. It will be a matter of pro
found regret If ho Is forced by com
petition to adopt tho high piecsuru
system of work, and the low scale of
living which lu too common here. Hut
apparently he must do that or aban
don tho hunluctjs, nt the present price
of agricultural produce, to pay tho
j present labor bill, support the mana
ger, or farmer, lu his present itylu
of living, and leavo any thing at all
for rent. Fai m and Home.
Srtlhij; Aiilnlr-i'.
iFrom tho Fanners' Review.)
In reading your Issue of December 11
I struck a very interesting artlelo on
"Planting Orchards" signed "William
Gray." While his artlelo contnlns
many excellent points which I most
freely endorse, It contains one that I
would most seriously condemn, viz.,
"The tree top should Incline to the west
several inches." He further states that
the prevailing winds aie from the west
and that nearly all the orchard trees
aro found loaning east. This may bo
the ease with him, but in all this great
northwest the prevailing winds aie
from tho north west nnd our trees lean,
not to the east, but to the northeast. I
hnvo examined thousands of oiehards
lu Wisconsin, Minnesota and Iowa and
have almost Invariably found the older
, IrncH le.'ii.lni' n ml irrnu-luir In tin. mirth-
lri0,i ti,u t0 ice,, ,0 from arguing the
question there, as It would bo suro to
expose my Ignorance. II Is liuposRibb)
with tho limited space I am given to
branch off and reason all these points in
ono short article, but If objected to by
any I will try to mako my position as
clear as sunshine. Wo hnvo eight or-
chimin In our grove hero on tho east
side, open on the cast, closely shut in
on tho toutli and west by lull timber.
All theso trees lean seriously to the
northeast except tho row that stands
near tho grove- on the south side of tho
Hold. Tho trees In tho west stdo row,
too, tiro found nearly uptight, caused
by tho shade they receive fiom tho sun
by tho grove. If nnyonc doubts my pn-
Ouylord's theory and weighed little. At
this tlmo (In 1870) I wrote to a notor
1 professor In Michigan to learn what
j caused our trees to lean or grow over to
I tho northeast. Ills reply was then it
i was caused by tho heavy southwest
winds. This was about seventeen years
ago, but I venture to eny now that not
i u professor In tho northwest could bo
found to utter such a conclusion. If
thcro tiro any wo hopo they will como
t0 tho rcscito, as thlB old-fogy notion
j now most thoroughly exploded.
' The best I can do In Ihls-shorL article
J H to state a fovv facts very briefly and
(iefer tho rest till onmo futiiro reply. A
trCo standing erect and In tho opnn sun
'without uitythlng to prevent tho direct
rava from BtrlWng Its trunk will bo In
' Wl M.-W ' f - Mmimitn,, .l
- " . .. --" III U I a .. li' V ..
-V Ulb JlflkTrtn n .1 .1 I -.......K. Ullll
i i-r-
Mrf
No tlmr-pleco could show more truly.
Hut If a tiee leans from tho sun. ftom
any lime from minrlse till sunset, iho
dead line will nppe.ir on top or racing-,
tho sun. T,hen are unnunibcieil
iiinouiits of evldeme. evil In our owiii
township, to prove tltU bevund all pns-'
filblo doubt. These bclnn fatH. then
how shall we not our tn-ij mi a.-i to
best mako them i-clf protect !-,; .' Wo.
nil net our trees here mow) 1- -iiIiik lo
the sun at about I o'clock, noi biter.
Pp till qulle recently we haw i. nn (fel
ling nnd advising setting at h iT-past
I. This Is a little loo much, we think,
ns we now Hud lure and llWo treeit
that have been set over nn fur as '1
and ;t. and In almost every ease tiers
thus grown will show Injiity. "ven as
far east as sunrise or from s in tho
morning. There weie a few treeit la a
small plat 1 found enrs ago leait'tig,
one northwest baiked on intitheartt, oinf
leaning north burked ou ouih, ono
leaning niutbt asl barked on smith '.ver.t;
ono stood close to lhe north Hide uf-thv,
fence, stood upright and sor-tid. Thin
gave me evidence In a iititslHI; and
since 1 have examined Ibous.inds of
tiers nnd universally llml tho same
conditions, producing the name efToet.
Set leaning to 1 -no later-and don't
vuu forget It. EilKun U.iylord.
Ilriini'l,
The must Important factors lu eheewn
manufacture are the pivjmiatlon mul
use of rennet; next thai rennet be of
the proper sort. Ten or tvvel.o yens
ngo rennets brought as high u.i fu
cents apiece. Today the majority of
(hem hell for only ten cents apiece.
What has caused such a decline In
prices? Hecuiiso homo made rennets,
generally far superior to tho.-ie uf which
i am about to treat, flguratlvoly speak
ing, ni" going out of date.
American farmers uro acquiring the
habit of using n great tunny imported
renneta. They are especially used lu
largo factories. They aro generally
marked "llavarlan," whether they
came from Havarla or not, for not all
of them eaine 'rom that, country any
moro than they do from the requisite
kind or animals. Swine, sheep and
goalu furni-h not n small number of
the ehei rennets on the market. Thoiw
belli,'; otten poorly packed and then
neglected so that they become both
wormy and mouldy, uinnot help af
fecting the quality of (he chnefe.
An experienced chooM'-mal.er, ot
course, may have bad luck occasion
ally, Just tho same an tho fanner's
wife with her butter. Pure milk nnd
good rennet, however, are tho princi
pal things to eomnieiiee with. Tho
ehier dllllculiy lies In what Is tetmed
alkaline bacteria, which poMes.ios the
power to melt the caselne, and thus
deprives a considerablu amount or tho
solids from entering into the composi
tion of the eheone. Albany Journal.
"Small Fanners."- I find this Is a.
phrase which Is disliked by m.iny, but
It Is better to bo u good and sucee-winl
imiall farmer than an unthrifty and uu
siicceEsrul large farmer. We often see
business men begin In a limited way
and do well until they get aspiring.
No sooner hnvo they made n little mon
ey than they spread out, buy a larger
stock of goods, partly or chlelly on
credit, and Indulge in "great expecta
tions" which fall of realization. Many
n man can nianagn n smaller business
who gets out of his depth when he Ii-Ich
to conduct a larger one. Or, In tho
fluctuations of trade, the times are not
so good, ho cannot sell the larger stock
ho has got together; before times Im
proved many articles become unfash
ionable nnd go down In value, and the
Issue is bankruptcy. In like manner,
many farmers who succeed In a small
way, go into this, that, nnd tho other
thing until they get a bigger burden ou
their shouldeirt than they can carry.
A Oas Tree. - A gas trco was discov
ered in tho southern part of Washing
ton county, Pa., In a very curious way.
llunley Hooch unit his son were chop
ping down mi old and hollow tree, whim
they thought ns they struck Into the
hollow that they smellcd the odor of
gas. The son struck a match and ap
plied It to tho hollow, which the ax
had opened. Instantly there was an ex
plosion und the ouug man had dlflloul
ty in easapin!; without serious injury.
Tho trco eontlnued to burn until its
bark was burned off. The n, which
was left In tho tree, had Its handle
burned. It Is likely that digging mJ.ir
whero tho treo stood will show a largo
and valuablo supply of gas. It i.i likely
that the gas in the treo had been slowly
nccumulnted through apertures In the
soil not big enough to relcaso n huge
quuntlty nt a time. Ex.
Hoots of Clover. A Gorman author
ity says that tho root nnd stubble of c
good rrop of red clover wr:h over
threo tons per ncro when air dry anil
contain 180 pounds or nitrogen, 7
pounds of phosphoric ncld and 77
ponndrt of potnbh, nil of which Is placed
when turned under, In the most avail
nblo form for growing crops. Wo rail
nttcntlon particularly to tho lanjo d -
mand which clover makes on tho soil
for potnsh nnd phosphoric acid. If the
resulting crops aro removed from tho
soil ono can easily sen how clover can
bo used for soli robbing ns well a-s
restoring fertility. It ib this fact that
has given rlso to tho English proverb,
"Clover without manure makes the
father rich und tho children poor."
Forest nnd Pralrio Fires. A groat
mennco to farming in tho west ure the
forcat nnd pralrio flres. Farmers have
got to learn that overy big flro does
Immenso dnmago to their growing
crops; it heats tho air, nnd dries up
tho surfaco so that water will roll off It
und not bo absorbed by it. " Darning
tho Btraw and cornstalks on the fleltl
Ij ono of tho worst practices thafl.trni
ers can adopt, nnd they reap tho evil
results of It overy time. Vij.etab!
matter burnt Is lost, but wlu'ii tumid
un lcr tho soli It Is not onl saved,
but it ninkeB the snlLluem ( - -
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